Operative Techniques in Association With Arrhythmia Surgery in Patients With Congenital Heart Disease

World Journal for Pediatric and Congenital Heart Surgery

Volumn 4, Issue 1, 2013, Pages 85-97

  Mavroudis, Constantine ^a   Deal, Barbara ^b   Backer, Carl L ^b   Stewart, Robert D ^c  

^a FLORIDA HOSPITAL   (United States)

^b NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^c LERNER RESEARCH INSTITUTE   (United States)

Author keywords

ablative therapy (all modalities); arrhythmia; arrhythmia surgery (includes maze); atrial fibrillation; congenital heart surgery; flutter

Indexed keywords

ABLATIVE THERAPY (ALL MODALITIES); ARRHYTHMIA; ARRHYTHMIA SURGERY (INCLUDES MAZE); ATRIAL FIBRILLATION; CONGENITAL HEART SURGERY; FLUTTER;

ARRHYTHMIAS, CARDIAC; CARDIAC SURGICAL PROCEDURES; CATHETER ABLATION; HEART DEFECTS, CONGENITAL; HUMANS;

CALSEQUESTRIN; RYANODINE RECEPTOR;

ABLATION THERAPY; ARTICLE; ATRIOVENTRICULAR NODAL REENTRY TACHYCARDIA; CANNULATION; CARDIAC CHANNELOPATHY; CARDIOPULMONARY BYPASS; CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE; CRYOABLATION; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; EXTRACORPOREAL OXYGENATION; FONTAN PROCEDURE; HEART ARRHYTHMIA; HEART ATRIUM SEPTUM; HEART ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY; HEART FIBRILLATION; HEART VENTRICLE SEPTUM; HEART VENTRICLE TACHYCARDIA; HUMAN; HYPERTENSION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PULMONARY VALVE ATRESIA; STERNOTOMY; SURGICAL TECHNIQUE; TRICUSPID VALVE REGURGITATION;

EID: 84897945764     PISSN: 21501351     EISSN: 21500136     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/2150135112449842     Document Type: Article

References (72)

1. Mavroudis C Deal BJ Backer CL. Surgical therapy of cardiac arrhythmias. In Mavroudis C, Backer CL, eds. Pediatric Cardiac Surgery, 4th ed. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell. In press.
2. Cobb FR Blumenschein SD Sealy WC Boineau JP Wagner GS Wallace AG. Successful surgical interruption of the bundle of Kent in a patient with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome. Circulation. 1968; 38(6):1018–1029.
3. Cox JL Gallagher JJ Cain ME. Experience with 118 consecutive patients undergoing operation for the Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 1985; 90(4):490–501.
4. Guiraudon GM. Surgical treatment of Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome: a “retrospectroscopic” view. Ann Thorac Surg. 1994; 58(4):1254–1261.
5. Pritchett EL Anderson RW Benditt DG, et al Reentry within the atrioventricular node: surgical cure with preservation of atrioventricular conduction. Circulation. 1979; 60(2):440–446.
6. Holman WL Ikeshita M Lease JG Smith PK Ferguson TB Jr Cox JL. Elective prolongation of atrioventricular conduction by multiple discrete cryolesions: a new technique for the treatment of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 1982; 84(4):554–559.
7. Cox JL Gallagher JJ Ungerleider RM. Encircling endocardial ventriculotomy for refractory ischemic ventricular tachycardia. IV. Clinical indication, surgical technique, mechanism of action, and results. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 1982; 83(6):865–872.
8. Guiraudon G Fontaine G Frank R Escande G Etievent P Cabrol C. Encircling endocardial ventriculotomy: a new surgical treatment for life-threatening ventricular tachycardias resistant to medical treatment following myocardial infarction. Ann Thorac Surg. 1978; 26(5):438–444.
9. Bottoni N Tomasi C Donateo P, et al Clinical and electrophysiological characteristics in patients with atrioventricular reentrant and atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia. Europace. 2003; 5(3):225–229.
10. Dobreanu D Micu S Toma O Rudzik R. Intraprocedural predictors of successful ablation of slow pathway for atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia. Rom J Intern Med. 2007; 45(1):35–46.
11. Foldesi C Pandozi C Peichl P, et al Atrial flutter: arrhythmia circuit and basis for radiofrequency catheter ablation. Ital Heart J. 2003; 4(6):395–403.
12. Goldberger J Kall J Ehlert F, et al Effectiveness of radiofrequency catheter ablation for treatment of atrial tachycardia. Am J Cardiol. 1993; 72(11):787–793.
13. Jackman WM Beckman KJ McClelland JH, et al Treatment of supraventricular tachycardia due to atrioventricular nodal reentry, by radiofrequency catheter ablation of slow-pathway conduction. N Engl J Med. 1992; 327(5):313–318.
14. Jackman WM Wang XZ Friday KJ, et al Catheter ablation of accessory atrioventricular pathways (Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome) by radiofrequency current. N Engl J Med. 1991; 324(23):1605–1611.
15. Klein LS Shih HT Hackett FK Zipes DP Miles WM. Radiofrequency catheter ablation of ventricular tachycardia in patients without structural heart disease. Circulation. 1992; 85(5):1666–1674.
16. Lee PC Chen SA Hwang B. Atrioventricular node anatomy and physiology: implications for ablation of atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia. Curr Opin Cardiol. 2009; 24(2):105–112.
17. Lesh MD Van Hare GF Epstein LM, et al Radiofrequency catheter ablation of atrial arrhythmias. Results and mechanisms. Circulation. 1994; 89(3):1074–1089.
18. Khositseth A Danielson GK Dearani JA Munger TM Porter CJ. Supraventricular tachyarrhythmias in Ebstein anomaly: management and outcome. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2004; 128(6):826–833.
19. Gatzoulis MA Till JA Somerville J Redington AN. Mechanoelectrical interaction in tetralogy of Fallot. QRS prolongation relates to right ventricular size and predicts malignant ventricular arrhythmias and sudden death. Circulation. 1995; 92(2):231–237.
20. Strauch JT Spielvogel D Lauten A, et al Axillary artery cannulation: routine use in ascending aorta and aortic arch replacement. Ann Thorac Surg. 2004; 78: 103–108.
21. Kano M Chikugo F Shimahara Y Urata M Hayamizu T. Left axillary artery perfusion in surgery of type A aortic dissection. Ann Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2008; 14: 22–24.
22. Backer CL Deal BJ Mavroudis C Franklin WH Stewart RD. Conversion of the failed Fontan circulation. Cardiol Young. 2006; 16: 85–91.
23. Mavroudis C Backer CL Deal BJ, et al Evolving anatomic and electrophysiologic considerations associated with Fontan conversion. Semin Thorac Cardiovasc Surg Pediatr Card Surg Annu. 2007; 136–145.
24. Mavroudis C Backer CL Deal BJ. Late reoperations for Fontan patients: state of the art invited review. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2008; 34(5):1034–1040.
25. Mavroudis C Deal BJ Backer CL. Arrhythmia surgery in association with complex congenital heart repairs excluding patients with Fontan conversion. Semin Thorac Cardiovasc Surg Pediatr Card Surg Annu. 2003; 6: 33–50.
26. Mavroudis C Backer CL Deal BJ Johnsrude C Strasburger J. Total cavopulmonary conversion and maze procedure for patients with failure of the Fontan operation. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2001; 122(5):863–871.
27. Mavroudis C Deal BJ Backer CL Tsao S. Arrhythmia surgery in patients with and without congenital heart disease. Ann Thorac Surg. 2008; 86(3):857–868; discussion -868.
28. Gillette PC Smith RT Garson A Jr, et al Chronic supraventricular tachycardia. A curable cause of congestive cardiomyopathy. JAMA. 1985; 253(3):391–392.
29. Gillette PC Wampler DG Garson A Jr Zinner A Ott D Cooley D. Treatment of atrial automatic tachycardia by ablation procedures. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1985; 6(2):405–409.
30. Lowe JE Hendry PJ Packer DL Tang AS. Surgical management of chronic ectopic atrial tachycardia. Semin Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 1989; 1(1):58–66.
31. Prager NA Cox JL Lindsay BD Ferguson TB Jr Osborn JL Cain ME. Long-term effectiveness of surgical treatment of ectopic atrial tachycardia. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1993; 22(1):85–92.
32. Williams JM Ungerleider RM Lofland GK Cox JL. Left atrial isolation: new technique for the treatment of supraventricular arrhythmias. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 1980; 80(3):373–380.
33. Harada A D’Agostino HJ Jr Schuessler RB Boineau JP Cox JL. Right atrial isolation: a new surgical treatment for supraventricular tachycardia. I. Surgical technique and electrophysiologic effects. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 1988; 95(4):643–650.
34. Mavroudis C Deal BJ Backer CL. Surgery for arrhythmias in children. Int J Cardiol. 2004; 97: 39–51.
35. Cox JL Holman WL Cain ME. Cryosurgical treatment of atrioventricular node reentrant tachycardia. Circulation. 1987; 76(6):1329–1336.
36. Cox JL. Surgery for cardiac arrhythmias. In: Braunwald E, ed. Heart Disease: A Textbook of Cardiovascular Medicine. 3rd ed. Philadelphia, PA: WB Saunders; 1991.
37. Case CL Crawford FA Gillette PC Ross BA, Zeigler VL. (1988) Successful surgery for atrioventricular reentrant tachycardia in a small child. Am Heart J. 1988; 116(1 Pt 1):187–189.
38. Mavroudis C. A tribute to Francis Fontan, MD, and Guillermo Kreutzer, MD. World J Pediatr Cong Heart Surg. 2012; 3(2):156–158.
39. Berger F Vogel M Kramer A, et al Incidence of atrial flutter/fibrillation in adults with atrial septal defect before and after surgery. Ann Thorac Surg. 1999; 68(1):75–78.
40. Brandenburg RO Jr Holmes DR Jr Brandenburg RO McGoon DC. Clinical follow-up study of paroxysmal supraventricular tachyarrhythmias after operative repair of a secundum type atrial septal defect in adults. Am J Cardiol. 1983; 51(2):273–276.
41. Gatzoulis MA Freeman MA Siu SC Webb GD Harris L. Atrial arrhythmia after surgical closure of atrial septal defects in adults. N Engl J Med. 1999; 340(11):839–846.
42. Bonchek LI Burlingame MW Worley SJ Vazales BE Lundy EF. Cox/maze procedure for atrial septal defect with atrial fibrillation: management strategies. Ann Thorac Surg. 1993; 55(3):607–610.
43. Kobayashi J Yamamoto F Nakano K Sasako Y Kitamura S Kosakai Y. Maze procedure for atrial fibrillation associated with atrial septal defect. Circulation. 1998; 98(19 Supplement):II399–II402.
44. Izumoto H Kawazoe K Eishi K Kamata J. Medium-term results after the modified Cox/Maze procedure combined with other cardiac surgery. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2000; 17(1):25–29.
45. Kawaguchi AT Kosakai Y Sasako Y Eishi K Nakano K Kawashima Y. Risks and benefits of combined maze procedure for atrial fibrillation associated with organic heart disease. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1996; 28(4):985–990.
46. McCarthy PM Cosgrove DM 3rd Castle LW White RD Klein AL. Combined treatment of mitral regurgitation and atrial fibrillation with valvuloplasty and the Maze procedure. Am J Cardiol. 1993; 71(5):483–486.
47. Sandoval N Velasco VM Orjuela H, et al Concomitant mitral valve or atrial septal defect surgery and the modified Cox-maze procedure. Am J Cardiol. 1986; 77(8):591–596.
48. Millar RC Arcidi JM Jr Alison PJ. The maze III procedure for atrial fibrillation: should the indications be expanded? Ann Thorac Surg. 2000; 70(5):1580–1586.
49. Mavroudis C Deal BJ, Backer CL, et al. 111 Fontan conversions with arrhythmia surgery: surgical lessons and outcomes. Ann Thorac Surg 2007; 84: 1457–1466.
50. Garson A Jr Gillette PC Titus JL, et al Surgical treatment of ventricular tachycardia in infants. N Engl J Med. 1984; 310(22):1443–1445.
51. Garson A Jr Smith RT Jr Moak JP, et al Incessant ventricular tachycardia in infants: myocardial hamartomas and surgical cure. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1987; 10(3):619–626.
52. Zeigler VL Gillette PC Crawford FA Jr Wiles HB Fyfe DA. New approaches to treatment of incessant ventricular tachycardia in the very young. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1990; 16(3):681–685.
53. Calkins H Kalbfleisch SJ el-Atassi R Langberg JJ Morady F. Relation between efficacy of radiofrequency catheter ablation and site of origin of idiopathic ventricular tachycardia. Am J Cardiol. 1993; 71(10):827–833.
54. O’Connor BK Case CL Sokoloski MC Blair H Cooper K Gillette PC. Radiofrequency catheter ablation of right ventricular outflow tachycardia in children and adolescents. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1996; 27(4):869–874.
55. Smeets JL Rodriguez LM Timmermans C Wellens HJ. Radiofrequency catheter ablation of idiopathic ventricular tachycardias in children. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 1997; 20(8 Pt 2):2068–2071.
56. Deal BJ Mavroudis C Backer CL Johnsrude CL. New directions in surgical therapy of arrhythmias. Pediatr Cardiol. 2000; 21(6):576–583.
57. Gatzoulis MA Balaji S Webber SA, et al Risk factors for arrhythmia and sudden cardiac death late after repair of tetralogy of Fallot: a multicentre study. Lancet. 2000; 356(9234):975–981.
58. Harrison DA Harris L Siu SC, et al Sustained ventricular tachycardia in adult patients late after repair of tetralogy of Fallot. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1997; 30(5):1368–1373.
59. Jonsson H Ivert T. Survival and clinical results up to 26 years after repair of tetralogy of Fallot. Scand J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 1995; 29(2):43–51.
60. Murphy JG Gersh BJ Mair DD, et al Long-term outcome in patients undergoing surgical repair of tetralogy of Fallot. N Engl J Med. 1993; 329(9):593–599.
61. Nollert G Fischlein T Bouterwek S Bohmer C Klinner W Reichart B. Long-term survival in patients with repair of tetralogy of Fallot: 36-year follow-up of 490 survivors of the first year after surgical repair. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1997; 30(5):1374–1383.
62. Knott-Craig CJ Elkins RC Lane MM Holz J McCue C Ward KE. A 26-year experience with surgical management of tetralogy of Fallot: risk analysis for mortality or late reintervention. Ann Thorac Surg. 1998; 66(2):506–511.
63. Oechslin EN Harrison DA Harris L, et al Reoperation in adults with repair of tetralogy of fallot: indications and outcomes. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 1999; 118(2):245–251.
64. Zhao HX Miller DC Reitz BA Shumway NE. Surgical repair of tetralogy of Fallot. Long-term follow-up with particular emphasis on late death and reoperation. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 1985; 89(2):204–220.
65. Deal BJ Scagliotti D Miller SM Gallastegui JL Hariman RJ Levitsky S. Electrophysiologic drug testing in symptomatic ventricular arrhythmias after repair of tetralogy of Fallot. Am J Cardiol. 1987; 59(15):1380–1385.
66. Downar E Harris L Kimber S, et al Ventricular tachycardia after surgical repair of tetralogy of Fallot: results of intraoperative mapping studies. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1992; 20(3):648–655.
67. Harken AH Horowitz LN Josephson ME. Surgical correction of recurrent sustained ventricular tachycardia following complete repair of tetralogy of Fallot. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 1980; 80(5):779–781.
68. Misaki T Tsubota M Watanabe G, et al Surgical treatment of ventricular tachycardia after surgical repair of tetralogy of Fallot. Relation between intraoperative mapping and histological findings. Circulation. 1994; 90(1):264–271.
69. Lehnart SE Wehrens XH Laitinen PJ, et al Sudden death in familial polymorphic ventricular tachycardia associated with calcium release channel (ryanodine receptor) leak. Circulation. 2004; 109(25):3208–3214.
70. Napolitano C Priori SG Bloise R. Catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia. Gene reviews. 2009 [cited August 1, 2010]; Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBR1289
71. Priori SG Napolitano C Memmi M, et al Clinical and molecular characterization of patients with catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia. Circulation. 2002; 106(1):69–74.
72. Wilde AA Bhuiyan ZA Crotti L, et al Left cardiac sympathetic denervation for catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia. N Engl J Med. 2008; 358(19):2024–2029.