메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 143, Issue 2, 2014, Pages 778-803

Valuing different human lives

Author keywords

Equality; Moral value; Rights; Scarce resources; Valuing human lives

Indexed keywords

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AGE; AGED; DECISION MAKING; FEMALE; HUMAN; HUMAN RIGHTS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; PSYCHOLOGY; SOCIAL BEHAVIOR; SOCIOECONOMICS; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 84897515955     PISSN: 00963445     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1037/a0032796     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (42)

References (58)
  • 3
    • 45649083199 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Principled moral sentiment and the flexibility of moral judgment and decision making.
    • Bartels, D. M. (2008). Principled moral sentiment and the flexibility of moral judgment and decision making. Cognition, 108, 381-417.
    • (2008) Cognition , vol.108 , pp. 381-417
    • Bartels, D.M.1
  • 4
    • 20444402326 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the power of a clear definition of rationality.
    • Bazerman, M. H.,&Messick, D. M. (1998). On the power of a clear definition of rationality. Business Ethics Quarterly, 8, 477-480.
    • (1998) Business Ethics Quarterly , vol.8 , pp. 477-480
    • Bazerman, M.H.1    Messick, D.M.2
  • 5
    • 0005742661 scopus 로고
    • Whatever the consequences.
    • Bennett, J. (1966). Whatever the consequences. Analysis, 26, 83-102.
    • (1966) Analysis , vol.26 , pp. 83-102
    • Bennett, J.1
  • 6
    • 21844521539 scopus 로고
    • Some neo-Darwinian decision rules for altruism: Weighing cues for inclusive fitness as a function of the biological importance of the decision.
    • Burnstein, E., Crandall, C.,&Kitayama, S. (1994). Some neo-Darwinian decision rules for altruism: Weighing cues for inclusive fitness as a function of the biological importance of the decision. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 67, 773-789.
    • (1994) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.67 , pp. 773-789
    • Burnstein, E.1    Crandall, C.2    Kitayama, S.3
  • 7
    • 0027326843 scopus 로고
    • The utility of health at different stages in life: A quantitative approach.
    • Busschbach, J. J. V., Hessing, D. J.,&de Charro, F. T. (1993). The utility of health at different stages in life: A quantitative approach. Social Science&Medicine, 37, 153-158.
    • (1993) Social Science&Medicine , vol.37 , pp. 153-158
    • Busschbach, J.J.V.1    Hessing, D.J.2    de Charro, F.T.3
  • 8
    • 84865662357 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Justice motive effects in ageism: The effects of a victim's age on observer perceptions of injustice and punishment judgments.
    • Callan, M. J., Dawtry, R. J.,&Olson, J. M. (2012). Justice motive effects in ageism: The effects of a victim's age on observer perceptions of injustice and punishment judgments. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 48, 1343-1349.
    • (2012) Journal of Experimental Social Psychology , vol.48 , pp. 1343-1349
    • Callan, M.J.1    Dawtry, R.J.2    Olson, J.M.3
  • 9
    • 0030011506 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Killing and letting die: A defensible distinction.
    • Cartwright, W. (1996). Killing and letting die: A defensible distinction. British Medical Bulletin, 52, 354-361.
    • (1996) British Medical Bulletin , vol.52 , pp. 354-361
    • Cartwright, W.1
  • 10
    • 21344476140 scopus 로고
    • Preferences for life saving programs: How the public discounts time and age.
    • Cropper, M. L., Aydede, S. K.,&Portney, P. R. (1994). Preferences for life saving programs: How the public discounts time and age. Journal of Risk and Uncertainty, 8, 243-265.
    • (1994) Journal of Risk and Uncertainty , vol.8 , pp. 243-265
    • Cropper, M.L.1    Aydede, S.K.2    Portney, P.R.3
  • 11
    • 0025999098 scopus 로고
    • The principle of QALY maximisation as the basis for allocating health care resources.
    • Cubbon, J. (1991). The principle of QALY maximisation as the basis for allocating health care resources. Journal of Medical Ethics, 17, 181-184.
    • (1991) Journal of Medical Ethics , vol.17 , pp. 181-184
    • Cubbon, J.1
  • 12
    • 44249101835 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Moral appraisals affect doing/allowing judgments.
    • Cushman, F., Knobe, J.,&Sinnott-Armstrong, W. (2008). Moral appraisals affect doing/allowing judgments. Cognition, 108, 281-289.
    • (2008) Cognition , vol.108 , pp. 281-289
    • Cushman, F.1    Knobe, J.2    Sinnott-Armstrong, W.3
  • 13
    • 79960246954 scopus 로고
    • On killing and letting die.
    • Dinello, D. (1971). On killing and letting die. Analysis, 31, 83-86.
    • (1971) Analysis , vol.31 , pp. 83-86
    • Dinello, D.1
  • 14
    • 13844272256 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • QALY maximisation and people's preferences: A methodological review of the literature.
    • Dolan, P., Shaw, R., Tsuchiya, A.,&Williams, A. (2005). QALY maximisation and people's preferences: A methodological review of the literature. Health Economics, 14, 197-208.
    • (2005) Health Economics , vol.14 , pp. 197-208
    • Dolan, P.1    Shaw, R.2    Tsuchiya, A.3    Williams, A.4
  • 18
    • 0009386072 scopus 로고
    • The problem of abortion and the doctrine of double effect.
    • Berkeley: University of California Press
    • Foot, P. (1978). The problem of abortion and the doctrine of double effect. In Virtues and vices (pp. 19-32). Berkeley: University of California Press.
    • (1978) In Virtues and vices , pp. 19-32
    • Foot, P.1
  • 19
    • 21844501129 scopus 로고
    • Commission, omission, and dissonance reduction: Coping with regret in the "Monty Hall" problem.
    • Gilovich, T., Medvec, V. H.,&Chen, S. (1995). Commission, omission, and dissonance reduction: Coping with regret in the "Monty Hall" problem. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 21, 182-190.
    • (1995) Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin , vol.21 , pp. 182-190
    • Gilovich, T.1    Medvec, V.H.2    Chen, S.3
  • 21
    • 84929068195 scopus 로고
    • Acts and omissions.
    • Hall, J. C. (1989). Acts and omissions. Philosophical Quarterly, 39, 399-408.
    • (1989) Philosophical Quarterly , vol.39 , pp. 399-408
    • Hall, J.C.1
  • 22
    • 0023408992 scopus 로고
    • QALYfying the value of life.
    • Harris, J. (1987). QALYfying the value of life. Journal of Medical Ethics, 13, 117-123.
    • (1987) Journal of Medical Ethics , vol.13 , pp. 117-123
    • Harris, J.1
  • 23
    • 0000584144 scopus 로고
    • More and better justice.
    • In J. M. Bell&S. Mendus (Eds.), Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press
    • Harris, J. (1988). More and better justice. In J. M. Bell&S. Mendus (Eds.), Philosophy and medical welfare (pp. 75-97). Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.
    • (1988) Philosophy and medical welfare , pp. 75-97
    • Harris, J.1
  • 24
    • 0000982081 scopus 로고
    • Are there any natural rights?.
    • Hart, H. L. A. (1955). Are there any natural rights? Philosophical Review, 64, 175-191.
    • (1955) Philosophical Review , vol.64 , pp. 175-191
    • Hart, H.L.A.1
  • 25
    • 0031436239 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is the valuation of a QALY gained independent of age? Some empirical evidence.
    • Johannesson, M.,&Johansson, P.-O. (1997). Is the valuation of a QALY gained independent of age? Some empirical evidence. Journal of Health Economics, 16, 589-599.
    • (1997) Journal of Health Economics , vol.16 , pp. 589-599
    • Johannesson, M.1    Johansson, P.-O.2
  • 26
    • 84937266535 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Moral intuitions, cognitive psychology, and the harming-versus-not-aiding distinction.
    • Kamm, F. M. (1998). Moral intuitions, cognitive psychology, and the harming-versus-not-aiding distinction. Ethics, 108, 463-488.
    • (1998) Ethics , vol.108 , pp. 463-488
    • Kamm, F.M.1
  • 27
    • 0024958376 scopus 로고
    • Which of two individuals do you treat when only their ages are different and you can't treat both?.
    • Lewis, P. A.,&Charny, M. (1989). Which of two individuals do you treat when only their ages are different and you can't treat both? Journal of Medical Ethics, 15, 28-34.
    • (1989) Journal of Medical Ethics , vol.15 , pp. 28-34
    • Lewis, P.A.1    Charny, M.2
  • 29
    • 0040966529 scopus 로고
    • Justifying America: The Declaration of Independence as a rhetorical document.
    • In T. W. Benson (Ed.), Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press
    • Lucas, S. E. (1989). Justifying America: The Declaration of Independence as a rhetorical document. In T. W. Benson (Ed.), American rhetoric: Context and criticism (pp. 67-130). Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press.
    • (1989) American rhetoric: Context and criticism , pp. 67-130
    • Lucas, S.E.1
  • 30
    • 0029737278 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Double jeopardy, the equal value of lives and the veil of ignorance: A rejoinder to Harris.
    • McKie, J., Kuhse, H., Richardson, J.,&Singer, P. (1996). Double jeopardy, the equal value of lives and the veil of ignorance: A rejoinder to Harris. Journal of Medical Ethics, 22, 204-208.
    • (1996) Journal of Medical Ethics , vol.22 , pp. 204-208
    • McKie, J.1    Kuhse, H.2    Richardson, J.3    Singer, P.4
  • 31
    • 0004247732 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • (R. Crisp, Ed.). New York, NY: Oxford University Press. (Original work published 1861).
    • Mill, J. S. (1998). Utilitarianism (R. Crisp, Ed.). New York, NY: Oxford University Press. (Original work published 1861).
    • (1998) Utilitarianism
    • Mill, J.S.1
  • 32
    • 0343468534 scopus 로고
    • Telling more than we can know: Verbal reports on mental processes.
    • Nisbett, R. E.,&Wilson, T. D. (1977). Telling more than we can know: Verbal reports on mental processes. Psychological Review, 84, 231-259.
    • (1977) Psychological Review , vol.84 , pp. 231-259
    • Nisbett, R.E.1    Wilson, T.D.2
  • 35
    • 44949168308 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Asymptotic and resampling strategies for assessing and comparing indirect effects in multiple mediator models.
    • Preacher, K. J.,&Hayes, A. F. (2008). Asymptotic and resampling strategies for assessing and comparing indirect effects in multiple mediator models. Behavior Research Methods, 40, 879-891.
    • (2008) Behavior Research Methods , vol.40 , pp. 879-891
    • Preacher, K.J.1    Hayes, A.F.2
  • 36
    • 0039757888 scopus 로고
    • Actions, intentions, and consequences: The doctrine of doing and allowing.
    • Quinn, W. S. (1989). Actions, intentions, and consequences: The doctrine of doing and allowing. Philosophical Review, 98, 287-312.
    • (1989) Philosophical Review , vol.98 , pp. 287-312
    • Quinn, W.S.1
  • 38
    • 0018452839 scopus 로고
    • Killing and starving to death.
    • Rachels, J. (1979). Killing and starving to death. Philosophy, 54, 159-171.
    • (1979) Philosophy , vol.54 , pp. 159-171
    • Rachels, J.1
  • 39
    • 0034061408 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Public preferences for the allocation of donor liver grafts for transplantation.
    • Ratcliffe, J. (2000). Public preferences for the allocation of donor liver grafts for transplantation. Health Economics, 9, 137-148.
    • (2000) Health Economics , vol.9 , pp. 137-148
    • Ratcliffe, J.1
  • 40
    • 84980156151 scopus 로고
    • Reluctance to vaccinate: Omission bias and ambiguity.
    • Ritov, I.,&Baron, J. (1990). Reluctance to vaccinate: Omission bias and ambiguity. Journal of Behavioral Decision Making, 3, 263-277.
    • (1990) Journal of Behavioral Decision Making , vol.3 , pp. 263-277
    • Ritov, I.1    Baron, J.2
  • 41
    • 0033761630 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The social value of health programmes: Is age a relevant factor?.
    • Rodríguez, E.,&Pinto, J. L. (2000). The social value of health programmes: Is age a relevant factor? Health Economics, 9, 611-621.
    • (2000) Health Economics , vol.9 , pp. 611-621
    • Rodríguez, E.1    Pinto, J.L.2
  • 42
    • 0017477457 scopus 로고
    • On the relative strictness of negative and positive duties.
    • Russell, B. (1977). On the relative strictness of negative and positive duties. American Philosophical Quarterly, 14, 87-97.
    • (1977) American Philosophical Quarterly , vol.14 , pp. 87-97
    • Russell, B.1
  • 43
    • 0003560902 scopus 로고
    • New York, NY: Cambridge University Press
    • Singer, P. (1979). Practical ethics. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.
    • (1979) Practical ethics
    • Singer, P.1
  • 45
  • 47
    • 77949789103 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acts, omissions, and the necessity of killing.
    • Stacy, T. (2002). Acts, omissions, and the necessity of killing. American Journal of Criminal Law, 29, 481-520.
    • (2002) American Journal of Criminal Law , vol.29 , pp. 481-520
    • Stacy, T.1
  • 49
    • 0002033633 scopus 로고
    • Active versus passive euthanasia: An attributional analysis.
    • Sugarman, D. B. (1986). Active versus passive euthanasia: An attributional analysis. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 16, 60-76.
    • (1986) Journal of Applied Social Psychology , vol.16 , pp. 60-76
    • Sugarman, D.B.1
  • 50
    • 32844455249 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is capital punishment morally required? Acts, omissions, and life-life tradeoffs.
    • Sunstein, C.,&Vermeule, A. (2005). Is capital punishment morally required? Acts, omissions, and life-life tradeoffs. Stanford Law Review, 58, 703-750.
    • (2005) Stanford Law Review , vol.58 , pp. 703-750
    • Sunstein, C.1    Vermeule, A.2
  • 52
    • 82955213864 scopus 로고
    • The trolley problem.
    • Thomson, J. J. (1985). The trolley problem. Yale Law Journal, 94, 1395-1415.
    • (1985) Yale Law Journal , vol.94 , pp. 1395-1415
    • Thomson, J.J.1
  • 53
    • 2542431616 scopus 로고
    • An irrelevant consideration: Killing versus letting die.
    • In B. Steinbock (Ed.), (2nd ed., New York, NY: Fordham University Press
    • Tooley, M. (1994). An irrelevant consideration: Killing versus letting die. In B. Steinbock (Ed.), Killing and letting die (2nd ed., pp. 103-111). New York, NY: Fordham University Press.
    • (1994) Killing and letting die , pp. 103-111
    • Tooley, M.1
  • 54
    • 17044387289 scopus 로고
    • Saving life and taking life.
    • Trammell, R. L. (1975). Saving life and taking life. Journal of Philosophy, 72, 131-137.
    • (1975) Journal of Philosophy , vol.72 , pp. 131-137
    • Trammell, R.L.1
  • 55
    • 0038798609 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Measuring people's preferences regarding ageism in health: Some methodological issues and some fresh evidence.
    • Tsuchiya, A., Dolan, P.,&Shaw, R. (2003). Measuring people's preferences regarding ageism in health: Some methodological issues and some fresh evidence. Social Science&Medicine, 57, 687-696.
    • (2003) Social Science&Medicine , vol.57 , pp. 687-696
    • Tsuchiya, A.1    Dolan, P.2    Shaw, R.3
  • 57
    • 0030560778 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • QALYs and ethics: A health economist's perspective.
    • Williams, A. (1996). QALYs and ethics: A health economist's perspective. Social Science&Medicine, 43, 1795-1804.
    • (1996) Social Science&Medicine , vol.43 , pp. 1795-1804
    • Williams, A.1
  • 58
    • 0030965809 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intergenerational equity: An exploration of the "fair innings" argument.
    • Williams, A. (1997). Intergenerational equity: An exploration of the "fair innings" argument. Health Economics, 6, 117-132.
    • (1997) Health Economics , vol.6 , pp. 117-132
    • Williams, A.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.