Loss of antimicrobial effect of trisodium citrate due to 'lock' spillage from haemodialysis catheters

Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation

Volumn 29, Issue 4, 2014, Pages 914-919

  Schilcher, Gernot ^a   Schneditz, Daniel ^a   Ribitsch, Werner ^a   Horina, Joerg H ^a   Hoenigl, Martin ^a   Valentin, Thomas ^a   Rosenkranz, Alexander R ^a   Krause, Robert ^a  

^a MEDICAL UNIVERSITY OF GRAZ   (Austria)

Author keywords

catheter related bloodstream infection; central venous catheter; lock solution; lock spillage; trisodium citrate

Indexed keywords

CITRATE TRISODIUM; CITRIC ACID; SODIUM CHLORIDE;

ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY; ARTICLE; BACTERIUM CULTURE; CENTRAL VENOUS CATHETER; CONCENTRATION RESPONSE; CONTROLLED STUDY; DRUG EFFICACY; EQUIPMENT FAILURE; ESCHERICHIA COLI; IN VITRO STUDY; IN VIVO STUDY; INTRALUMINAL DRUG ADMINISTRATION; LOCK SPILLAGE; MATERIAL COATING; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS;

CATHETER-RELATED BLOODSTREAM INFECTION; CENTRAL VENOUS CATHETER; LOCK SOLUTION; LOCK SPILLAGE; TRISODIUM CITRATE;

ANTICOAGULANTS; CATHETER-RELATED INFECTIONS; CATHETERS, INDWELLING; CITRATES; HUMANS; RENAL DIALYSIS; TREATMENT FAILURE;

EID: 84897461323     PISSN: 09310509     EISSN: 14602385     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gft527     Document Type: Article

References (36)

1. Rayner HC, Pisoni RL. The increasing use of hemodialysis catheters: Evidence from the DOPPS on its significance and ways to reverse it. Semin Dial 2010; 23: 6-10
2. Niyyar VD. Catheter dysfunction: The role of lock solutions. Semin Dial 2012; 25: 693-699
3. Saxena AK, Panhotra BR. Prevention of catheter-related bloodstream infections: An appraisal of developments in designing an infection-resistant' dream dialysis-catheter'. Nephrology 2005; 10: 240-248
4. Weijmer MC, van den Dorpel MA, Van de Ven PJ et al. Randomized, clinical trial comparison of trisodium citrate 30% and heparin as catheterlocking solution in hemodialysis patients. J Am Soc Nephrol 2005; 16: 2769-2777
5. Winnett G, Nolan J, Miller M et al. Trisodium citrate 46.7% selectively and safely reduces staphylococcal catheter-related bacteraemia. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2008; 23: 3592-3598
6. FDA: Food and Drug Administration. (2000) FDA issues warning on tricitrasol dialysis catheter anticoagulant. FDA Talk Paper, 14. T00-T16, Food and Drug Administration
7. PolascheggHD, Sodemann K. Risks related to catheter locking solutions containing concentrated citrate. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2003; 18: 2688-2690
8. Punt CD, Boer WE. Cardiac arrest following injection of concentrated trisodium citrate. Clin Nephrol 2008; 69: 317-318
9. Willicombe MK, Vernon K, Davenport A. Embolic complications from central venous hemodialysis catheters used with hypertonic citrate locking solution. Am J Kidney Dis 2010; 55: 348-351
10. Schilcher G, Scharnagl H, Horina JH et al. Trisodium citrate induced protein precipitation in haemodialysis catheters might cause pulmonary embolism. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2012; 27: 2953-2957
11. Davenport A. Why do hypertonic citrate locks lead to dialysis catheter malfunction; more than a weighty problem? Nephrol Dial Transplant 2012; 27: 2621-2624
12. Polaschegg HD. Catheter locking-solution spillage: Theory and experimental verification. Blood Purif 2008; 26: 255-260
13. Polaschegg HD. Loss of catheter locking solution caused by fluid density. ASAIO J 2005; 51: 230-235
14. Doorenbos CJ, Van den Elsen-Hutten M, Heuven MJ et al. Estimation of trisodium citrate (Citra-Lock) remaining in central venous catheters after the interdialytic interval. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2006; 21: 543-545
15. Schilcher G, Schlagenhauf A, Schneditz D et al. Ethanol causes protein precipitation-new safety issues for catheter locking techniques. PLoS One 2013; 8: E84869
16. Polaschegg HD. Measuring lock solution spillage in-vivo versus in-vitro. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2009; 24: 2294-2295; author reply 2295
17. Weijmer MC, Debets-Ossenkopp YJ, Van De Vondervoort FJ et al. Superior antimicrobial activity of trisodium citrate over heparin for catheter locking. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2002; 17: 2189-2195
18. Power A, Duncan N, Singh SK et al. Sodium citrate versus heparin catheter locks for cuffed central venous catheters: A single-center randomized controlled trial. Am J Kidney Dis 2009; 53: 1034-1041
19. Polaschegg HD. A novel method for measuring catheter lock spillage: An in vitro study. Artif Organs 2012; 36: 824-829
20. Raad I, Hanna H, Jiang Y et al. Comparative activities of daptomycin, linezolid, and tigecycline against catheter-related methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus bacteremic isolates embedded in biofilm. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2007; 51: 1656-1660
21. Sherertz RJ, Boger MS, Collins CA et al. Comparative in vitro efficacies of various catheter lock solutions. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2006; 50: 1865-1868
22. Schneditz D, Heimel H, Stabinger H. Sound speed, density and total protein concentration of blood. J Clin Chem Clin Biochem 1989; 27: 803-806
23. Brun-Buisson C, Abrouk F, Legrand P et al. Diagnosis of central venous catheter-related sepsis. Critical level of quantitative tip cultures. Arch Intern Med 1987; 147: 873-877
24. Costerton JW, Stewart PS, Greenberg EP. Bacterial biofilms: A common cause of persistent infections. Science 1999; 284: 1318-1322
25. Landry DL, Braden GL, Gobeille SL et al. Emergence of gentamicin-resistant bacteremia in hemodialysis patients receiving gentamicin lock catheter prophylaxis. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2010; 5: 1799-1804
26. Steczko J, Ash SR, Nivens DE et al. Microbial inactivation properties of a new antimicrobial/antithrombotic catheter lock solution (citrate/methylene blue/parabens). Nephrol Dial Transplant 2009; 24: 1937-1945
27. Grudzinski L, Quinan P, Kwok S et al. Sodium citrate 4% locking solution for central venous dialysis catheters-An effective, more cost-efficient alternative to heparin. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2007; 22: 471-476
28. Silva J, Antunes J, Carvalho T et al. Efficacy of preventing hemodialysis catheter infections with citrate lock. Hemodial Int 2012; 16: 545-552
29. Patel PR, Yi SH, Booth S et al. Bloodstream infection rates in outpatient hemodialysis facilities participating in a collaborative prevention effort: A quality improvement report. Am J Kidney Dis 2013; 62: 322-330
30. Saxena AK, Panhotra BR. Haemodialysis catheter-related bloodstream infections: Current treatment options and strategies for prevention. Swiss Med Wkly 2005; 135: 127-138
31. Shanks RM, Sargent JL, Martinez RM et al. Catheter lock solutions influence staphylococcal biofilm formation on abiotic surfaces. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2006; 21: 2247-2255
32. Raad II, Fang X, Keutgen XM et al. The role of chelators in preventing biofilm formation and catheter-related bloodstream infections. Curr Opin Infect Dis 2008; 21: 385-392
33. Abraham NM, Lamlertthon S, Fowler VG et al. Chelating agents exert distinct effects on biofilm formation in Staphylococcus aureus depending on strain background: Role for clumping factor B. JMed Microbiol 2012; 61: 1062-1070
34. Ramanathan V, Riosa S, Al-Sharif AH et al. Characteristics of biofilm on tunneled cuffed hemodialysis catheters in the presence and absence of clinical infection. Am J Kidney Dis 2012; 60: 976-982
35. Soriano A, Bregada E, Marques JM et al. Decreasing gradient of antibiotic concentration in the lumen of catheters locked with vancomycin. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2007; 26: 659-661
36. Merrikin DJ, Briant J, Rolinson GN. Effect of protein binding on antibiotic activity in vivo. J Antimicrob Chemother 1983; 11: 233-238