Parasites of freshwater fishes in North America: Why so neglected?

Journal of Parasitology

Volumn 100, Issue 1, 2014, Pages 26-45

  Scholz, Tomáš ^a   Choudhury, Anindo ^b  

^a INSTITUTE OF PARASITOLOGY   (Czech Republic)

^b ST NORBERT COLLEGE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ACADEMIC RESEARCH; CRYPSIS; ECONOMIC PLANNING; FISH; FRESHWATER ECOSYSTEM; HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE; PARASITE; PHYLOGEOGRAPHY;

ARTICLE; BIOCHEMISTRY; BIODIVERSITY; BIOGEOGRAPHY; CANADA; CLIMATE CHANGE; CRUSTACEA; CZECH REPUBLIC; ECOSYSTEM; EPIZOOTIOLOGY; EUROPE; FRESHWATER FISH; HELMINTH; HOST RANGE; INVASIVE SPECIES; MEXICO; MONOGENEA; MYXOZOA; NONHUMAN; NORTH AMERICA; PARASITE; PHYLOGENY; PHYLOGEOGRAPHY; PROTIST; PROTIST LIFE CYCLE STAGE; SLOVAKIA; SPECIES COMPOSITION; SPECIES DIVERSITY; SPECIES IDENTIFICATION; TAXONOMY; ULTRASTRUCTURE; UNITED STATES;

CANADA; NORTH AMERICA; UNITED STATES;

ANIMALS; CILIOPHORA; CRUSTACEA; FISH DISEASES; FISHES; FRESH WATER; HELMINTHS; HISTORY, 20TH CENTURY; HISTORY, 21ST CENTURY; KINETOPLASTIDA; LEECHES; MICROSPORIDA; MYXOZOA; NEGLECTED DISEASES; NORTH AMERICA; PARASITIC DISEASES, ANIMAL; PARASITOLOGY; PERIODICALS AS TOPIC;

EID: 84896895217     PISSN: 00223395     EISSN: 19372345     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1645/13-394.1     Document Type: Article

References (248)

1. AGUILAR-AGUILAR, R., R. CONTRERAS-MEDINA, AND G. SALGADO-MALDONADO. 2003. Parsimony analysis of endemicity (PAE) of Mexican hydrobiological basins based on helminth parasites of freshwater fishes. Journal of Biogeography 30: 1861-1872.
2. AMIN, O. M. 1984. Variability and redescription of Acanthocephalus dirus (Acanthocephala: Echinorhynchidae) from its isopod intermediate host. Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington 51: 225-237.
3. -. 1985a. Acanthocephala from lake fishes in Wisconsin: Neoechinorhynchus robertbaueri n. Sp. from Erimyzon sucetta (Lacépède), with a key to species of the genus Neoechinorhynchus Hamann, 1892, from North American freshwater fishes. Journal of Parasitology 71: 312-318.
4. -. 1985b. Hosts and geographic distribution of Acanthocephalus (Acanthocephala: Echinorhynchidae) from North American freshwater fishes, with a discussion of species relationships. Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington 52: 210-220.
5. -. 1986. On the species and populations of the genus Acanthocephalus (Acanthocephala: Echinorhynchidae) from North American freshwater fishes: A cladistic analysis. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 99: 574-579.
6. -. 1987. Key to the families and subfamilies of Acanthocephala, with the erection of a new class (Polyacanthocephala) and a new order (Polyacanthorhynchida). Journal of Parasitology 73: 1216-1219.
7. -, AND D. G. HUFFMAN. 1984. Interspecific variability in the genus Acanthocephalus (Acanthocephala: Echinorhynchidae) from North American freshwater fishes, with a key to species. Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington 51: 238-240.
8. ANDREE, K. B., C. SZEKELY, K. MOLNÁR, S. J. GRESOVIAC, AND R. P. HEDRICK. 1999. Relationships among members of the genus Myxobolus (Myxozoa: Bilvalvidae) based on small subunit ribosomal DNA sequences. Journal of Parasitology 85: 68-74.
9. ARAI, H. P. 1989a. Acanthocephala. In Guide to the parasites of fishes of Canada. Part III, L. Margolis and Z. Kabata (eds.). Fisheries and Oceans, Ottawa, Canada, p. 1-90.
10. -. 1989b. Cnidaria. In Guide to the parasites of fishes of Canada. Part III, L. Margolis and Z. Kabata (eds.). Fisheries and Oceans, Ottawa, Canada, p. 91-95.
11. BARGER, M. A., AND B. B. NICKOL. 1998. Structure of Leptorhynchoides thecatus and Pomphorhynchus bulbocolli (Acanthocephala) eggs in habitat partitioning and transmission. Journal of Parasitology 84: 534-537.
12. BARKER, D. E., D. J. MARCOGLIESE, AND D. K. CONE. 1996. On the distribution and abundance of eel parasites in Nova Scotia: Local versus regional patterns. Journal of Parasitology 82: 697-701.
13. BARTHOLOMEW, J. L. 1998. Host resistance to infection by the myxosporean parasite Ceratomyxa shasta: A review. Journal of Aquatic Animal Health 10: 112-120.
14. -, J. S. ROHOVEC, AND J. L. FRYER. 1989. Ceratomyxa shasta, a myxosporean parasite of salmonids. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, National Fisheries Research Center, Fish Distribution Leaflet 80, Washington, D.C.
15. -, M. J. WHIPPLE, D. G. STEVENS, AND J. L. FRYER. 1997. The life cycle of Ceratomyxa shasta, a myxosporean parasite of salmonids, requires a freshwater polychaete as an alternate host. Journal of Parasitology 83: 859-868.
16. -, AND J. C. WILSON. 2002. Whirling disease: Review and current topics. Symposium 29, American Fisheries Society, Bethesda, Maryland, 247 p.
17. BARTOSOVÁ, P., I. FIALA, AND V. HYPSA. 2009. Concatenated SSU and LSU rDNA data confirm the main evolutionary trends within myxosporeans (Myxozoa: Myxosporea) and provide an effective tool for their molecular phylogenetics. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 53: 81-93.
18. BAUER, O. N. 1984. Key to the parasites of freshwater fishes of the U.S.S.R. Vol. 1. Protozoa. Nauka, Leningrad, Russia, 429 p.
19. -. 1985. Key to the parasites of freshwater fishes of the U.S.S.R. Vol. 2. Parasitic Metazoa, Part 1. Nauka, Leningrad, Russia, 426 p.
20. -. 1987. Key to the parasites of freshwater fishes of the U.S.S.R. Vol. 2. Parasitic Metazoa, Part 2. Nauka, Leningrad, Russia, 426 p.
21. BEVERLEY-BURTON, M. 1984. Monogenea and Turbellaria. In Guide to the parasites of fishes of Canada. Part I, L. Margolis and Z. Kabata (eds.). Canadian Special Publications in Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 74, p. 5-209.
22. -, AND G. J. KLASSEN. 1990. New approaches to the systematics of the ancyrocephalid Monogenea from Nearctic freshwater fishes. Journal of Parasitology 76: 1-21.
23. BIENEK, D. R., D. A. PLOUFFE, G. F. WIEGERTJES, AND M. BELOSEVIC. 2002. Immunization of goldfish with excretory/secretory molecules of Trypanosoma danilewskyi confers protection against infection. Developmental and Comparative Immunology 26: 649-657.
24. BOYER, S. L., A. A. HOWE, N. W. JUERGENS, AND M. C. HOVE. 2011. A DNA-barcoding approach to identifying juvenile freshwater mussels (Bivalvia: Unionidae) recovered from naturally infested fishes. Journal of the North American Benthological Society 30: 182-194.
25. BROOKS, D. R. 1978. Evolutionary history of the cestode order Proteocephalidea. Systematic Zoology 27: 312-323.
26. -. 1980. Revision of the Acanthostominae Poche, 1926 (Digenea: Cryptogonimidae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 70: 313-382.
27. -. 1989. The phylogeny of the Cercomeria (Platyhelminthes: Rhabdocoela) and general evolutionary principles. Journal of Parasitology 75: 606-616.
28. -. 1995. Phylogenetic hypothesis, cladistic diagnoses, and classification of the Monticellidae (Eucestoda: Proteocephaliformes). Revista Brasileira de Biologia 55: 359-367.
29. BURT, M. D. B., AND I. M. SANDEMAN. 1974. The biology of Bothrimonus (= Diplocotyle) (Pseudophyllidea: Cestoda): Detailed morphology and fine structure. Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada 31: 147-153.
30. BUSH A. O., K. D. LAFFERTY, J. M. LOTZ, AND A. W. SHOSTAK. 1997. Parasitology meets ecology on its own terms: Margolis et al. revisited. Journal of Parasitology 83: 575-583.
31. CABLE, R. M., AND W. T. DILL. 1967. The morphology and life history of Paulisentis fractus Van Cleave and Bangham, 1949 (Acanthocephala: Neoechinorhynchidae). Journal of Parasitology 53: 810-817.
32. -, AND L. E. PETERS. 1986. The cercaria of Allocreadium ictaluri Pearse (Digenea: Allocreadiidae). Journal of Parasitology 72: 369-371.
33. CAIRA, J. N. 2011. The American Society of Parasitologists: Who are we now? Journal of Parasitology 97: 967-973.
34. CASPETA-MANDUJANO, J., F. MORAVEC, AND G. SALGADO-MALDONADO. 2000. Spinitectus mexicanus n. Sp. (Nematoda: Cystidicolidae) from the intestine of the freshwater fish Heterandria bimaculata in Mexico. Journal of Parasitology 86: 83-88.
35. CHOUDHURY, A., AND T. A. DICK. 1996a. Diclybothrium atriatum n. Sp. (Monogenea: Diclybothriidae) from North American acipenserid fishes with observations of Diclybothrium armatum and Diclybothrium hamulatum. Journal of Parasitology 82: 965-976.
36. -, AND -. 1996b. Observations on the morphology, systematics, and biogeography of the genus Truttaedacnitis (Nematoda: Cucullanidae). Journal of Parasitology 82: 977-987.
37. -, T. L. HOFFNAGLE, AND R. A. COLE. 2004. Parasites of native and nonnative fishes of the Little Colorado River, Grand Canyon, Arizona. Journal of Parasitology 90: 1042-1053.
38. -, AND G. PÉREZ-PONCE DE LEÓN. 2001. Spinitectus osorioi n. Sp. (Nematoda: Cystidicolidae) from Chirostoma spp. (Osteichthyes: Atherinidae) in Lake Pátzcuaro, Michoacán, Mexico. Journal of Parasitology 87: 648-655.
39. -, AND B. J. PERRYMAN. 2003. Spinitectus macrospinosus n. Sp. (Nematoda: Cystidicolidae) from the channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus in southern Manitoba and its distribution in other Ictalurus spp. Journal of Parasitology 89: 782-791.
40. CONE, D. K. 1985. The systematics and zoogeography of Gyrodactylus species (Monogenea) parasitizing gasterosteid fishes in North America. Canadian Journal of Zoology 63: 956-960.
41. CRITES, J. L. 1962. Morphology as a basis of identification and classification of parasites. Journal of Parasitology 48: 652-655.
42. CURRAN, S. S., AND R. M. OVERSTREET. 2009a. Caecincola longiscens n. Sp. (Digenea: Cryptogonimidae) from the white crappie, Pomoxis annularis, inMississippi, U.S.A. Comparative Parasitology 76: 19-23.
43. -, AND -. 2009b. Rhipidocotyle tridecapapillata n. Sp. and Prosorhynchoides potamoensis n. Sp. (Digenea: Bucephalidae) from inland fishes in Mississippi, U.S.A. Comparative Parasitology 76: 24-33.
44. -, -, AND V. V. TKACH. 2007. Phylogenetic affinities of Plagiocirrus Van Cleave and Mueller, 1932 with the description of a new species from the Pascagoula River, Mississippi. Journal of Parasitology 93: 1452-1458.
45. -, E. E. PULIS, D. O. HUGG, J. P. BROWN, L. C. MANUEL, AND R. M. OVERSTREET. 2012. Phylogenetic position of Creptotrema funduli in the Allocreadiidae based on partial 28S rDNA sequences. Journal of Parasitology 98: 873-875.
46. -, V. V. TKACH, AND R. M. OVERSTREET. 2006. A review of Polylekithum Arnold, 1934 and its familial affinities using morphological and molecular data, with description of Polylekithum catahoulensis sp. Nov. Acta Parasitologica 51: 238-248.
47. -, -, AND -. 2013. Molecular evidence for two cryptic species of Homalometron (Digenea: Apocreadiidae) in freshwater fishes of the southeastern United States. Comparative Parasitology 80: 186-195.
48. DITRICH, O., T. SCHOLZ, L. AGUIRRE-MACEDO, AND J. VARGAS-VÁZQUEZ. 1997. Larval stages of trematodes from freshwater molluscs of the Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico. Folia Parasitologica 44: 109-127.
49. -, -, AND J. VARGAS-VÁZQUEZ. 1996. Life cycle of Echinochasmus macrocaudatus sp. N. (Trematoda: Echinostomatidae). Systematic Parasitology 33: 225-235.
50. DOBROVOLNY, C. G. 1939. The life history of Plagioporus lepomis, a new trematode from fishes. Journal of Parasitology 25: 461-470.
51. DYKOVÁ, I., AND J. LOM. 2007. Histopathology of protistan and myxozoan infections in fishes. Academia, Prague, Czech Republic, 220 p.
52. EL-MATBOULI, M., R. W. HOFFMANN, H. SCHOEL, T. S. MCDOWELL, AND R. P. HEDRICK. 1999. Whirling disease: Host specificity and interaction between the actinosporean stage of Myxobolus cerebralis and rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss. Diseases of Aquatic Organisms 35: 1-12.
53. ERGENS, R. 1969. The suitability of ammonium picrate-glycerin in preparing slides of lower Monogenoidea. Folia Parasitologica 16: 320.
54. ESCH, G., S. DESSER, AND B. NICKOL. 2013. A history of the Journal of Parasitology. Journal of Parasitology 100: 1-10.
55. ESZTERBAUER, E. 2004. Genetic relationship among gill-infecting Myxobolus species (Myxosporea) of cyprinids: Molecular evidence of importance of tissue-specificity. Diseases of Aquatic Organisms 58: 35-40.
56. FELLIS, K. J., AND G. W. ESCH. 2005. Autogenic-allogenic status affects interpond community similarity and species area relationship of macroparasites in the bluegill sunfish, Lepomis macrochirus, from a series of freshwater ponds in the Piedmont area of North Carolina. Journal of Parasitology 91: 764-767.
57. FIALA, I. 2006. The phylogeny of Myxosporea (Myxozoa) based on small subunit ribosomal RNA gene analysis. International Journal for Parasitology 36: 1521-1534.
58. FONT, W. F., AND D. C. TATE. 1994. Helminth parasites of native Hawaiian freshwater fishes: An example of extreme ecological isolation. Journal of Parasitology 80: 682-688.
59. GARCÍA-VARELA, M., F. J. AZNAR, R. PÉREZ-RODRÍGUEZ, AND G. PÉREZPONCE DE LEÓN. 2012. Genetic and morphological characterization of Southwellina hispida Van Cleave, 1925 (Acanthocephala: Polymorphidae), a parasite of fish-eating birds. Comparative Parasitology 79: 192-201.
60. -, AND A. GONZÁLEZ-OLIVER. 2008. The systematic position of Leptorhynchoides (Kostylew, 1924) and Pseudoleptorhynchoides (Salgado-Maldonado, 1976), inferred from nuclear and mitochondrial DNA gene sequences. Journal of Parasitology 94: 959-962.
61. GARRIDO-OLVERA, L., L. GARCÍA-PRIETO, AND G. PÉREZ-PONCE DE LEÓN. 2006. Checklist of the adult nematode parasites of fishes in freshwater localities from Mexico. Zootaxa 1201: 1-45.
62. GIBSON, D. I. 1996. Trematoda. In Guide to the parasites of fishes of Canada. Part IV, L. Margolis and Z. Kabata (eds.). Canadian Special Publication in Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 124: 373 p.
63. GILMORE, S. R., D. K. CONE, G. LOWE, S. K. KING, S. R.M. JONES, AND C. L. ABBOTT. 2012. Molecular phylogeny of Gyrodactylus (Monogenea) parasitizing fishes in freshwater, estuarine, and marine habitats in Canada. Canadian Journal of Zoology 90: 776-786.
64. GRANATH, W. O., AND G. W. ESCH. 1983. Temperature and other factors that regulate the composition and infrapopulation densities of Bothriocephalus acheilognathi (Cestoda) in Gambusia affinis (Pisces). Journal of Parasitology 69: 1116-1124.
65. GUSTAFSON, P. V. 1939. Life cycle studies on Spinitectus gracilis and Rhabdochona sp. (Nematoda: Thelaziidae). Journal of Parasitology 25: 12-13.
66. -. 1942. A peculiar larval development of Rhabdochona spp. (Nematoda: Spiruroidea). Journal of Parasitology 28: 30.
67. GUSTAFSON, R. G., AND E. M. IWAMOTO. 2005. A DNA-based identification key to Pacific Northwest freshwater mussel glochidia: Importance to salmonid and mussel conservation. Northwest Science 79: 233-245.
68. HANZELOVÁ, V., R. KUCHTA, T. SCHOLZ, AND A. P. SHINN. 2005. Morphometric analysis of four species of Eubothrium (Cestoda: Pseudophyllidea) parasites of salmonid fish: An interspecific and intraspecific comparison. Parasitology International 54: 207-214.
69. -, AND T. SCHOLZ. 1999. Species of Proteocephalus Weinland, 1858 (Cestoda: Proteocephalidae), parasites of coregonid and salmonid fishes from North America: Taxonomic reappraisal. Journal of Parasitology 85: 94-101.
70. HEDRICK, R. P., M. EL-MATBOULI, M. A. ADKISON, AND E. MACCONNELL. 1998. Whirling disease: Reemergence among wild trout. Immunological Reviews 166: 365-376.
71. HOBERG, E. P., J. MARIAUX, J.-L. JUSTINE, D. R. BROOKS, AND P. J. WEEKES. 1997. Phylogeny of the orders of the Eucestoda (Cercomeromorphae) based on comparative morphology: Historical perspectives and a new working hypothesis. Journal of Parasitology 83: 1128-1147.
72. HOFFMAN, G. L. 1958. Studies on the life cycle of Ornithodiplostomum ptychocheilus (Faust) (Trematoda: Strigeoidea) and the 'self cure' of infected fish. Journal of Parasitology 44: 416-421.
73. -. 1967. Parasites of North American freshwater fishes. University of California Press, Berkeley, California, 486 p.
74. -. 1999. Parasites of North American freshwater fishes. 2nd ed. Comstock Publishing Associates, Cornell University Press, Ithaca, New York, 539 p.
75. -, M. LANDOLT, J. E. CAMPER, D. W. COATS, J. L. STOOKEY, AND J. D. BUREK. 1975. A disease of freshwater fishes caused by Tetrahymena corlissi Thompson, 1955, and a key for identification of holotrich ciliates of freshwater fishes. Journal of Parasitology 61: 217-223.
76. HUDSON, P. L., C. A. BOWEN II, AND R. M. STEDMAN. 1994. New records of Ergasilus (Copepoda: Ergasilidae) in the Laurentian Great Lakes, including a lakewide review of records and host associations. Canadian Journal of Zoology 72: 1002-1009.
77. HUNTER III, G. W. 1927. Notes on the Caryophyllaeidae of North America. Journal of Parasitology 14: 16-26.
78. -. 1928. Contributions to the life cycle of Proteocephalus ambloplitis (Leidy). Journal of Parasitology 14: 229-242.
79. -. 1929. New Caryophyllaeidae from North America. Journal of Parasitology 15: 185-192.
80. JANOVY JR., J., R. E. CLOPTON, AND T. PERCIVAL. 1992. The roles of ecological and evolutionary influences in providing structure to parasite species assemblages. Journal of Parasitology 78: 630-640.
81. JENKINS, E. J., L. J. CASTRODALE, S. J. C. DE ROSEMOND, B. R. DIXON, S. A. ELMORE, K. M. GESY, E. P. HOBERG, L. POLLEY, J. M. SCHURER, AND M. SIMARD. 2013. Tradition and transition: Parasitic zoonoses of people and animals in Alaska, northern Canada, and Greenland. Advances in Parasitology 82: 33-204.
82. JOHNSON, S. K., AND W. A. ROGERS. 1972. Ergasilus clupeadarum sp. N. (Copepoda: Cyclopoida) from clupeid fishes of the southeastern U. S., with a synopsis of the North American Ergasilus species with a two-jointed first endopod. Journal of Parasitology 58: 385-392.
83. -, AND -. 1973. Distribution of the genus Ergasilus in several Gulf of Mexico drainage basins. Bulletin 445 of the Agricultural Station, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, 74 p.
84. JONES, S., G. PROSPERI-PORTA, S. DAWE, K. TAYLOR, AND B. GOH. 2004. Parvicapsula minibicornis in anadromous sockeye (Oncorhynchus nerka) and coho (Oncorhynchus kisutch) salmon from tributaries of the Columbia River. Journal of Parasitology 90: 882-885.
85. KABATA, Z. 1988. Copepoda and Branchiura. In Guide to the parasites of fishes of Canada. Part II, L. Margolis and Z. Kabata (eds.). Canadian Special Publication of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 101: 4-127.
86. KATZENBACK, B. A., D. A. PLOUFFE, AND M. BELOSEVIC. 2013. Goldfish (Carassius auratus L.) possess natural antibodies with trypanocidal activity towards Trypanosoma carassii in vitro. Fish and Shellfish Immunology 34: 1025-1032.
87. -, -, G. HADDAD, AND M. BELOSEVIC. 2008. Administration of recombinant parasite beta-tubulin to goldfish (Carassius auratus L.) confers partial protection against challenge infection with Trypanosoma danilewskyi Laveran and Mesnil, 1904. Veterinary Parasitology 151: 36-45.
88. KENT, M. L., K. B. ANDREE, J. L. BARTHOLOMEW, M. EL-MATBOULI, S. S. DESSER, R.H. DEVLIN, S.W. FEIST, R. P. HEDRICK, R.W. HOFFMANN, J. KHATTRA ET AL. 2001. Recent advances in our knowledge of the Myxozoa. Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology 48: 395-413.
89. -, J. KHATTRA, R. P. HEDRICK, AND R. H. DEVLIN. 2000. Tetracapsula renicola n. Sp. (Myxozoa: Saccosporidae); the PKX myxozoan-The cause of proliferative kidney disease of salmonid fishes. Journal of Parasitology 86: 103-111.
90. -, D. J. WHITAKER, AND S. C. DAWE. 1997. Parvicapsula minibicornis n. Sp. (Myxozoa, Myxosporea) from the kidney of sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) from British Columbia, Canada. Journal of Parasitology 83: 1153-1156.
91. KING, S. D., AND D. K. CONE. 2009. Morphological and molecular taxonomy of a new species of Fundulotrema and comments on Gyrodactylus stephanus (Monogenea: Gyrodactylidae) from Fundulus heteroclitus (Actinopterygii: Cyprinodontiformes) in Nova Scotia, Canada. Journal of Parasitology 95: 846-849.
92. KLEMM, D. J., W. E. MOSER, AND M. J. WETZEL. 2013. Classification and checklist of the leeches (Phylum Annelida: Class Clitellata: Subclass Hirudinida) occurring in North America north of Mexico. Available at: www.inhs.uiuc.edu/~mjwetzel/FWLeechesNA.html. Accessed 29 January 2013.
93. KNEELAND, S. C., AND J. M. RHYMER. 2007. A molecular identification key for freshwater mussel glochidia encysted on naturally parasitized fish hosts in Maine, USA. Journal of Molluscan Studies 73: 279-282.
94. KRITSKY D. C., AND R. P. HATHAWAY. 1969. New and previously described species of Dactylogyridae (Monogenea) from Illinois fishes. Journal of Parasitology 33: 143-148.
95. -, E. MENDOZA-FRANCO, AND T. SCHOLZ. 2000. Neotropical Monogenoidea. 36. Dactylogyridae from the gills of Rhamdia guatemalensis (Siluriformes, Pimelodidae) from cenotes in the Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico, with proposal of Ameloblastella gen. n. and Aphanoblastella gen. n. (Dactylogyridae, Ancyrocephalinae). Comparative Parasitology 67: 76-84.
96. -, V. M. VIDAL-MARTÍNEZ, AND R. RODRÍGUEZ-CANUL. 1994. Neotropical Monogenea. 19. Dactylogyridae of cichlids (Perciformes) from the Yucatan Peninsula, with descriptions of three new species of Sciadicleithrum Kritsky, Thatcher and Boeger, 1989. Journal of the Helminthological Society of Washington 61: 26-33.
97. KUCHTA, R., V. HANZELOVÁ, A. P. SHINN, L. G. PODDUBNAYA, AND T. SCHOLZ. 2005. Redescription of Eubothrium fragile (Rudolphi, 1802) and E. rugosum (Batsch, 1786) (Cestoda: Pseudophyllidea), parasites of fish in the Holarctic region. Folia Parasitologica 52: 251-260.
98. -, A. P. SHINN, V. HANZELOVÁ, AND T. SCHOLZ. 2006. A comparative study of the egg morphology in four species of Eubothrium (Cestoda: Pseudophyllidea) with comments on their early development. Invertebrate Biology 125: 1-8.
99. KUPERMAN, B. I. 1981. Tapeworms of the genus Triaenophorus, parasites of fishes. Amerind Publishing Co. Pvt. Ltd., for the U.S. Department of the Interior and the National Science Foundation, New Delhi, India, 222 p.
100. LAMOTHE-ARGUMEDO, R. 1970. Tremátodos de peces VI. Margotrema bravoae gen. Nov. sp. Nov. (Trematoda: Allocreadiidae), parásito de Lermichthys multiradiatus Meek. Anales del Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Serie Zoología 41: 87-92.
101. -. 1980. Monogéneos parásitos de peces. VIII. Descripción de una nueva especie de Octomacrum Mueller, 1934 (Monogenea: Discocotylidae). Anales del Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Serie Zoología 51: 51-60.
102. -, AND M. L. AGUIRRE-MACEDO. 1991. Metacercaria de Echinochasmus zubedakhaname parásito de Cichlasoma urophthalmus en Celestún, Yucatán, México. Anales del Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Serie Zoología 62: 139-140.
103. -, AND R. PINEDA-LÓPEZ. 1989. Descripción de una especie nueva del género Neochasmus (Trematoda: Cryptogonimidae) parasita de peces de Tabasco, Mexico. Universidad y Ciencia 6: 11-14.
104. LEIGH, W. H. 1958. The life-history of Macroderoides spiniferus Pearse, 1924, a trematode of the Florida spotted gar, Lepisosteus platyrhincus. Journal of Parasitology 44: 379-387.
105. LEMLY, A. D., AND G. W. ESCH. 1984a. Population biology of the trematode Uvulifer ambloplitis (Hughes, 1927) in the snail intermediate host, Helisoma trivolvis. Journal of Parasitology 70: 461-465.
106. -, AND -. 1984b. Population biology of the trematode Uvulifer ambloplitis (Hughes, 1927) in juvenile bluegill sunfish Lepomis macrochirus, and largemouth bass, Micropterus salmoides. Journal of Parasitology 70: 466-474.
107. -, AND -. 1984c. Effects of the trematode Uvulifer ambloplitis on juvenile bluegill sunfish, Lepomis macrochirus: Ecological implications. Journal of Parasitology 70: 475-492.
108. LINDER, C. M., R. A. COLE, T. L. HOFFNAGLE, B. PERSONS, A. CHOUDHURY, R. HARO, AND M. STERNER. 2012. Parasites of fishes in the Colorado River and selected tributaries in Grand Canyon, Arizona. Journal of Parasitology 98: 117-127.
109. LOCKE, S. A., M. J. DANIEL, A. R. LAPIERRE, P. T. JOHNSON, AND D. J. MARCOGLIESE. 2011. Linking larvae and adults of Apharyngostrigea cornu, Hysteromorpha triloba, and Alaria mustelae (Diplostomoidea: Digenea) using molecular data. Journal of Parasitology 97: 846-851.
110. -, J. D. MCLAUGHLIN, S. DAYANANDAN, AND D. J. MARCOGLIESE. 2010. Diversity and specificity in Diplostomum spp. metacercariae in freshwater fishes revealed by cytochrome c oxidase I and internal transcribed spacer sequences. International Journal for Parasitology 40: 333-343.
111. -, -, AND D. J. MARCOGLIESE. 2010. DNA barcodes show cryptic diversity and a potential physiological basis for host specificity among Diplostomoidea (Platyhelminthes: Digenea) parasitizing freshwater fishes in the St. Lawrence River, Canada. Molecular Ecology 19: 2813-2827.
112. LOM, J., AND I. DYKOVÁ. 1992. Protozoan parasites of fishes. Elsevier Science Publishers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 315 p.
113. -, AND -. 2006. Myxozoan genera: Definition and notes on taxonomy, life cycle terminology and pathogenic species. Folia Parasitologica 53: 1-32.
114. MACKIEWICZ, J. S. 1972. Caryophyllidea (Cestoidea): A review. Experimental Parasitology 31: 417-512.
115. -. 2003. Caryophyllidea (Cestoidea): Molecules, morphology and evolution. Acta Parasitologica 48: 143-154.
116. MALMBERG, G. 1957. Om förekomsten av Gyrodactylus påsvenska fiskar. Särtryck ur Skrifter utgivna av Södra Sveriges Fiskeriförening, Årsskrift 1956: 19-76.
117. MARCOGLIESE, D. J. 2001. Implications of climate change for parasitism of animals in the aquatic environment. Canadian Journal of Zoology 79: 1331-1352.
118. -, AND D. K. CONE. 1996. On the distribution and abundance of eel parasites in Nova Scotia: Influence of pH. Journal of Parasitology 82: 389-399.
119. -, AND -. 2001. Myxozoan communities parasitizing Notropis hudsonius (Cyprinidae) at selected localities on the St. Lawrence River, Quebec: Possible effects of urban effluents. Journal of Parasitology 87: 951-956.
120. -, C. DAUTREMEPUITS, A. D. GENDRON, AND M. FOURNIER. 2010. Interactions between parasites and pollutants in yellow perch (Perca flavescens) in the St. Lawrence River, Canada: Implications for resistance and tolerance to parasites. Canadian Journal of Zoology 88: 247-258.
121. -, AND G. W. ESCH. 1989. Alterations in seasonal dynamics of Bothriocephalus acheilognathi in a North Carolina cooling reservoir over a seven-year period. Journal of Parasitology 75: 378-382.
122. -, A. D. GENDRON, AND D. K. CONE. 2009. Impact of municipal effluents and hydrological regime on myxozoan parasite communities of fish. International Journal for Parasitology 39: 1345-1351.
123. MARGOLIS, L. 1969. A bibliography of parasites and diseases of fishes of Canada: 1879-1969. Fisheries Research Board of Canada Technical Report 185: 38.
124. -, AND J. R. ARTHUR. 1979. Synopsis of the parasites of fishes of Canada. Bulletin of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada 199: 269.
125. -, G. W. ESCH, J. C. HOLMES, A. M. KURIS, AND G. A. SCHAD. 1982. The use of ecological terms in parasitology (report of an ad hoc committee of the American Society of Parasitologists). Journal of Parasitology 68: 131-133.
126. -, AND Z. KABATA. 1984. Guide to the parasites of fishes of Canada. Part I. Monogenea and Turbellaria. Canadian Special Publication in Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 74: 209 p.
127. -, AND -. 1988. Guide to the parasites of fishes of Canada. Part II. Crustacea. Canadian Special Publication in Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 106: 184 p.
128. -, AND -. 1989. Guide to the parasites of fishes of Canada. Part III. Acanthocephala and Cnidaria. Canadian Special Publication in Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 107: 95 p.
129. MARIAUX, J. 1998. A molecular phylogeny of the Eucestoda. Journal of Parasitology 84: 114-124.
130. MARTÍNEZ-AQUINO, A., M. E. REYNA-FABIÁN, R. ROSAS-VALDÉZ, U. RAZOMENDIVIL, PÉREZ-PONCE DE LEÓN G., G., AND M. GARCÍA-VARELA. 2009. Detecting a complex of cryptic species within Neoechinorhynchus golvani (Acanthocephala: Neoechinorhynchidae) inferred from ITSs and LSU rDNA gene sequences. Journal of Parasitology 95: 1040-1047.
131. MCDONALD, T. E., AND L. MARGOLIS. 1995. Synopsis of the parasites of fishes of Canada: Supplement (1978-1993). Canadian Special Publication of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 122: 265 p.
132. MEJÍA-MADRID, H., O. DOMÍNGUEZ-DOMÍNGUEZ, AND G. PÉREZ-PONCE DE LEÓN. 2005. Adult endohelminth parasites of Goodeinae (Cyprinodontiformes: Goodeidae) from México with biogeographical considerations. Comparative Parasitology 72: 200-211.
133. MENDOZA-FRANCO, E. F., T. SCHOLZ, C. M. VIVAS-RODRÍGUEZ, AND J. VARGAS-VÁZQUEZ. 1999. Monogeneans of freshwater fishes from cenotes (= sinkholes) of the Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico. Folia Parasitologica 46: 267-273.
134. -, AND V. M. VIDAL-MARTÍNEZ. 2005. Phylogeny of species of Sciadicleithrum (Monogenoidea: Ancyrocephalinae), and their historical biogeography in the Neotropics. Journal of Parasitology 91: 253-259.
135. MORAVEC, F. 1998. Nematodes of freshwater fishes of the Neotropical region. Academia, Prague, Czech Republic, 464 p.
136. -. 2000. Nematodes as parasites of inland fishes in Mexico. In Metazoan parasites in the neotropics: A systematic and ecological perspective, G. Salgado-Maldonado, A. N. García-Aldrete, and V. M. Vidal-Martínez (eds.). Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico, D.F., p. 155-165.
137. -. 2001. Checklist of the metazoan parasites of fishes of the Czech Republic and the Slovak Republic (1873-2000). Academia, Prague, Czech Republic, 168 p.
138. -, AND I. DE BURON. 2013. A synthesis of our current knowledge of philometrid nematodes, a group of increasingly important fish parasites. Folia Parasitologica 60: 81-101.
139. -, M. D. CROSBY, I. DE BURON, D. GONZÁLEZ-SOLÍS, AND W. A. ROUMILLAT. 2008. Three new species of philometrids (Nematoda: Philometridae) from centrarchid fishes in the USA. Journal of Parasitology 94: 1103-1113.
140. -, L. GARCÍA-MAGAÑA, AND G. SALGADO-MALDONADO. 2002. Spinitectus tabascoensis sp. Nov. (Nematoda, Cystidicolidae) from Ictalurus furcatus (Pisces) in southeastern Mexico. Acta Parasitologica 47: 224-227.
141. -, AND R. KUCHTA. 2013. Description of two new nematode species, parasites of the Mississippi paddlefish Polyodon spathula (Acipenseriformes: Polyodontidae). Journal of Parasitology 99: 680-685.
142. -, G. SALGADO-MALDONADO, J. CASPETA-MANDUJANO, AND D. GONZÁLEZ-SOLÍS. 2009. Redescription of Spinitectus tabascoensis (Nematoda: Cystidicolidae) from fishes of the Lacandon rain forest in Chiapas, southern Mexico, with remarks on Spinitectus macrospinosus and S. osorioi. Folia Parasitologica 56: 305-312.
143. -, -, D. GONZÁLEZ-SOLÍS, AND J. M. CASPETA-MANDUJANO. 2012. Host-parasite relationships of Rhabdochona kidderi Pearse, 1936 (Nematoda: Rhabdochonidae) in fishes of the Lacantun River in the Lacandon rain forest of Chiapas State, southern Mexico, with a key to Mexican species of Rhabdochona Railliet, 1916. Systematic Parasitology 82: 1-12.
144. MUELLER, J. F., AND H. J. VAN CLEAVE. 1932. Parasites of the Oneida Lake Fishes. Part II. Description of new species and some general taxonomic considerations, especially concerning the trematode family Heterophyidae. Roosevelt Wild Life Annals 3: 79-138.
145. MURITH, D., AND M. BEVERLEY-BURTON. 1985. Salsuginus Beverley-Burton, 1984 (Monogenea: Ancyrocephalidae) from Cyprinodontoidei (Atheriniformes) in North America with descriptions of Salsuginus angularis (Mueller, 1934) Beverley-Burton, 1984 from Fundulus diaphanus and Salsuginus heterocliti n. Sp. from F. heteroclitus. Canadian Journal of Zoology 63: 703-714.
146. NADLER, S. A., AND G. PÉREZ-PONCE DE LEÓN. 2011. Integrating molecular and morphological approaches for characterizing parasite cryptic species: Implications for parasitology. Parasitology 138: 1688-1709.
147. NESNIDAL, M. P., M. HELMKAMPF, I. BRUCHHAUS, M. EL-MATBOULI, AND B. HAUSDORF. 2013. Agent of whirling disease meets orphan worm: Phylogenomic analyses firmly place Myxozoa in Cnidaria. PLoS 8: e54576.
148. NOBLE, E. R. 1950. On a myxosporidian (protozoan) parasite of California trout. Journal of Parasitology 36: 457-460.
149. OETINGER, D. F., AND B. B. NICKOL. 1981. Effects of acanthocephalans on pigmentation of freshwater isopods. Journal of Parasitology 67: 672-684.
150. OLADIRAN, A., D. BEAUPARLANT, AND M. BELOSEVIC. 2011. The expression analysis of inflammatory and antimicrobial genes in the goldfish (Carassius auratus L.) infected with Trypanosoma carassii. Fish and Shellfish Immunology 31: 606-613.
151. OLSON, P. D., AND J. N. CAIRA. 1999. Evolution of the major lineages of tapeworms (Platyhelminthes: Cestoidea) inferred from 18S ribosomal DNA and elongation factor-1-a. Journal of Parasitology 85: 1134-1159.
152. -, T. SCHOLZ, L. G. PODDUBNAYA, AND D. T. J. LITTLEWOOD. 2008. On the derived position of Archigetes and the early evolution of the tapeworms (Platyhelminthes: Cestoda). Journal of Parasitology 94: 898-904.
153. OVERSTREET, R. M. 1986. Glenn L. Hoffman. Journal of Fish Diseases 9: 291-293.
154. -. 1997. In memoriam. Raymond Millard Cable 1909-1995. Journal of Parasitology 83: 337-343.
155. -, S. S. CURRAN, L. M. POTE, D. T. KING, C. K. BLEND, AND W. D. GRATER. 2002. Bolbophorus damnificus n. Sp. (Digenea: Bolbophoridae) from the channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus and American white pelican Pelecanus erythrorhynchos in the USA based on life-cycle and molecular data. Systematic Parasitology 52: 81-96.
156. PÉREZ-PONCE DE LEÓN, G. 2005. Acceptance speech of the 2005 Henry Baldwin Ward medal. Journal of Parasitology 91: 1260-1264.
157. -, AND A. CHOUDHURY. 2002. Adult endohelminth parasites of ictalurid fishes (Osteichthyes: Ictaluridae) in Mexico: Empirical evidence for biogeographical patterns. Comparative Parasitology 69: 10-19.
158. -, AND -. 2005. Biogeography of helminth parasites of freshwater fishes in Mexico: The search for patterns and processes. Journal of Biogeography 32: 645-659.
159. -, AND -. 2010. Parasite inventories and DNA-based taxonomy: Lessons from helminths of freshwater fishes in a megadiverse country. Journal of Parasitology 96: 236-244.
160. -, L. GARCÍA-PRIETO, V. LEÓN-RÈGAGNON, AND A. CHOUDHURY. 2000. Helminth communities of native and introduced fishes in Lake Pátzcuaro, Michoacán, Mexico. Journal of Fish Biology 57: 303-352.
161. -, -, AND B. MENDOZA-GARFIAS. 2007. Trematode parasites (Platyhelminthes) of wildlife vertebrates of Mexico. Zootaxa 1534: 1-247.
162. -, -, AND -. 2011. Describing parasite biodiversity: The case of the helminth fauna of wildlife vertebrates in Mexico. In Changing diversity in changing environment. G. Grillo, and G. Venora (eds.). InTech, Rijeka, Croatia, p. 33-54.
163. -, -, D. OSORIO-SARABIA, AND V. LEÓN-RÈGAGNON. 1996. Helmintos parásitos de peces de aguas continentales de Mexico. Listados faunísticos de México VI. Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, D.F., 100 p.
164. -, B. MENDOZA-GARFIAS, R. ROSAS-VALDÉZ, AND A. CHOUDHURY. 2013. New host and locality records of freshwater fish helminth parasites in river basins north of the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt: Another look at biogeographical patterns. Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad 84: 556-562.
165. -, AND S. A. NADLER. 2010. What we don't recognize can hurt us: A plea for awareness about cryptic species. Journal of Parasitology 96: 453-464.
166. -, U. RAZO-MENDIVIL, R. ROSAS-VALDÉZ, B. MENDOZA-GARFIAS, AND H. MEJÍA-MADRID. 2008. Description of a new species of Crassicutis Manter, 1936, parasite of Cichlasoma beani Jordan (Osteichthyes: Cichlidae) in Mexico, based on morphology and sequences of the ITS1 and 28S ribosomal RNA genes. Journal of Parasitology 94: 257-263.
167. -, R. ROSAS-VALDÉZ, R. AGUILAR-AGUILAR, B. MENDOZA-GARFIAS, C. MENDOZA-PALMERO, L. GARCÍA-PRIETO, A. ROJAS-SÁNCHEZ, R. BRIOSIO-AGUILAR, R. PÉREZ-RODRÍGUEZ, AND O. DOMÍNGUEZ- DOMÍNGUEZ. 2010. Helminth parasites of freshwater fishes, Nazas River basin, northern Mexico. Checklist 6: 26-35.
168. -, -, B. MENDOZA-GARFIAS, R. AGUILAR-AGUILAR, J. FALCÓNORDAZ, L. GARRIDO-OLVERA, AND R. PÉREZ-RODRÍGUEZ. 2009. Survey of the endohelminth parasites of freshwater fishes in the upper Mezquital River Basin, Durango State, Mexico. Zootaxa 2164: 1-20.
169. POLY, W. J. 1998. New state, host, and distribution records of the fish ectoparasite, Argulus (Branchiura), from Illinois (U.S.A.). Crustaceana 71: 1-8.
170. PRICE, C. W., AND A. HENDERSON. 1969. Monogenean parasites of Mexican freshwater fishes. I. Introductory remarks, with an account of the parasite genus Dactylogyrus Diesing, 1850. Anales del Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Serie Zoología 40: 195-204.
171. PUGACHEV, O. N., P. I. GERASEV, A. V. GUSSEV, R. ERGENS, AND I. KHOTENOWSKY. 2010. Guide to the Monogenoidea of freshwater fish of Palaearctic and Amur regions. Ledizioni - LediPublishing, Milano, Italy, 567 p.
172. RAUSCH, R. L. 1954. Studies on the helminth fauna of Alaska. XXI. Taxonomy, morphological variation, and ecology of Diphyllobothrium ursi n. Sp. provis. on Kodiak Island. Journal of Parasitology 40: 540-563.
173. -, AND A. M. ADAMS. 2000. Natural transfer of helminths of marine origin to freshwater fishes with observations on the development of Diphyllobothrium alascense. Journal of Parasitology 86: 319-327.
174. RAZO-MENDIVIL, U., E. VÁZQUEZ-DOMÍNGUEZ, R. ROSAS-VALDÉZ, G. PÉREZ-PONCE DE LEÓN, AND S. A. NADLER. 2010. Phylogenetic analysis of nuclear and mitochondrial DNA reveals a complex of cryptic species in Crassicutis cichlasomae (Digenea: Apocreadiidae), a parasite of Middle-American cichlids. International Journal for Parasitology 40: 471-486.
175. RICHARDSON, D. J., AND B. B. NICKOL. 2000. Experimental investigation of physiological factors that may influence microhabitat specificity exhibited by Leptorhynchoides thecatus (Acanthocephala) in green sunfish (Lepomis cyanellus). Journal of Parasitology 86: 685-690.
176. RIGDON, R. H., AND J. W. HENDRICKS. 1955. Myxosporidia in fish in waters emptying into the Gulf of Mexico. Journal of Parasitology 41: 511-518.
177. RIGGS, M. R., AND G. W. ESCH. 1987. The suprapopulation dynamics of Bothriocephalus acheilognathi in a North Carolina reservoir: Abundance, dispersion, and prevalence. Journal of Parasitology 41: 511-518.
178. -, A. D. LEMLY, AND G. W. ESCH. 1987. The growth, biomass, and fecundity of Bothriocephalus acheilognathi in a North Carolina cooling reservoir. Journal of Parasitology 73: 893-900.
179. ROBERTS, L. S. 1970. Ergasilus (Copepoda: Cyclopoida): Revision and key to species in North America. Transactions of the American Microscopical Society 89: 134-161.
180. ROGERS, W. A. 1967. Studies on Dactylogyrinae (Monogenea) with descriptions of 24 new species of Dactylogyrus, 5 new species of Pellucidhaptor, and the proposal of Aplodiscus gen. n. Journal of Parasitology 53: 500-524.
181. ROSAS-VALDÉZ, R., A. CHOUDHURY, AND G. PÉREZ-PONCE DE LEÓN. 2011. Molecular prospecting for cryptic species in Phyllodistomum lacustris (Platyhelminthes, Gorgoderidae). Zoologica Scripta 40: 296-305.
182. SALGADO-MALDONADO, G. 2006. Checklist of helminth parasites of freshwater fishes from Mexico. Zootaxa 1324: 1-357.
183. -, R. AGUILAR-AGUILAR, G. CABAÑAS-CARRANZA, E. SOTO-GALERA, AND C. MENDOZA-PALMERO. 2005. Helminth parasites in freshwater fish from the Papaloapan river basin, Mexico. Parasitology Research 96: 69-89.
184. -, G. CABAÑAS-CARRANZA, J. M. CASPETA-MANDUJANO, E. SOTOGALERA, E. MAYÉN-PEÑA, D. BRAILOVSKY, AND R. BÁEZ-VALÉ. 2001. Helminth parasites of freshwater fishes of the Balsas River drainage basin of southwestern Mexico. Comparative Parasitology 68: 196-203.
185. -, -, E. SOTO-GALERA, J. M. CASPETA-MANDUJANO, R. G. MORENO-NAVARRETE, P. SÁNCHEZ-NAVA, AND R. AGUILAR-AGUILAR. 2001. A checklist of helminth parasites of freshwater fishes from the Lerma-Santiago River basin, Mexico. Comparative Parasitology 68: 204-218.
186. -, J. CASPETA-MANDUJANO, AND E. MARTÍNEZ-RAMIREZ. 2010. Neoechinorhynchus (Neoechinorhynchus) chimalapasensis n. Sp. (Acanthocephala: Neoechinorhynchidae) from the freshwater fish Awaous banana (Valenciennes) (Gobiidae) in Mexico. Systematic Parasitology 75: 231-237.
187. -, -, F. MORAVEC, E. SOTO-GALERA, R. RODILES-HERNÁNDEZ, G. CABAÑAS-CARRANZA, AND J. MONTOYA-MENDOZA. 2011. Helminth parasites of freshwater fish in Chiapas, Mexico. Parasitology Research 108: 31-59.
188. -, AND C. R. KENNEDY. 1997. Richness and similarity of helminth communities in the tropical cichlid fish Cichlasoma urophthalmus from the Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico. Parasitology 114: 581-590.
189. SANDEMAN, I. M., AND M. D. B. BURT. 1972. Biology of Bothrimonus (= Diplocotyle) (Pseudophyllidea: Cestoda): Ecology, life cycle, and evolution: A review and synthesis. Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada 29: 1381-1395.
190. SCHELL, S. C. 1986. Handbook of trematodes of North America north of Mexico. University of Idaho Press, Moscow, Idaho, 263 p.
191. SCHLEPPE, J. L., AND C. P. GOATER. 2004. Comparative life histories of two diplostomid trematodes, Ornithodiplostomum ptychocheilus and Posthodiplostomum minimum. Journal of Parasitology 90: 1387-1390.
192. SCHOLZ, T. 1997. A revision of the species of Bothriocephalus Rudolphi, 1808 (Cestoda: Pseudophyllidea) parasitic in American freshwater fishes. Systematic Parasitology 32: 85-107.
193. -, AND M. L. AGUIRRE-MACEDO. 2000. Metacercariae of trematodes parasitizing freshwater fish in Mexico: A reappraisal and methods of study. In Metazoan parasites in the neotropics: A systematic and ecological perspective, G. Salgado-Maldonado, A. N. García- Aldrete, and V. M. Vidal-Martínez (eds.). Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico, D.F., p. 85-99.
194. -, A. DE CHAMBRIER, J. MARIAUX, AND R. KUCHTA. 2011. Redescription of Corallobothrium solidum (Cestoda: Proteocephalidea) and erection of a new genus, Essexiella, for tapeworms from channel catfishes (Ictaluridae). Journal of Parasitology 97: 1142-1151.
195. -, O. DITRICH, AND J. VARGAS-VÁZQUEZ. 1996. Echinochasmus leopoldinae sp. N. (Trematoda: Echinostomatidae), and data on its life cycle. Systematic Parasitology 33: 157-165.
196. -, AND V. HANZELOVÁ. 1999. Species of Proteocephalus Weinland, 1858 (Cestoda: Proteocephalidae) from cyprinid fishes in North America. Journal of Parasitology 85: 150-154.
197. -, R. KUCHTA, A. P. SHINN, V. ŠNÁBEL, AND V. HANZELOVÁ. 2003. Host specificity and geographical distribution of Eubothrium in European salmonid fish. Journal of Helminthology 77: 255-262.
198. -, J. I. LAVADORES, V. J. VARGAS, F. E. MENDOZA, C. R. RODRÍGUEZ, AND R. C. VIVAS. 1994. Life cycle of the trematode Oligogonotylus manteri (Digenea: Cryptogonimidae), a parasite of cichlid fishes in southern Mexico. Journal of the Helminthological Society of Washington 61: 190-199.
199. -, M. C. PECH-EK, AND R. RODRÍGUEZ-CANUL. 1995. Biology of Crassicutis cichlasomae (Digenea: Homalometridae), a parasite of cichlid fishes in Mexico and Central America. Journal of Helminthology 69: 69-75.
200. -, V. R. ROSAS, G. PÉREZ-PONCE DE LEÓN, A. CHOUDHURY, AND A. DE CHAMBRIER. 2003. Taxonomic status of Choanoscolex lamothei García-Prieto, 1990 (Cestoda: Proteocephalidea) using morphological and molecular evidence. Journal of Parasitology 89: 1212-1219.
201. -, J. VARGAS-VÁZQUEZ, F. MORAVEC, C. VIVAS-RODRÍGUEZ, AND E. MENDOZA-FRANCO. 1995. Metacercariae of trematodes of fishes from cenotes (sinkholes) of the Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico. Folia Parasitologica 42: 173-192.
202. SERENO-URIBE, A. L., C. D. PINACHO-PINACHO, M. GARCÍA-VARELA, AND G. PÉREZ-PONCE DE LEÓN. 2013. Using mitochondrial and ribosomal DNA sequences to test the taxonomic validity of Clinostomum complanatum Rudolphi, 1814 in fish-eating birds and freshwater fishes in Mexico, with the description of a new species. Parasitology Research 112: 2855-2870.
203. SHIRAKASHI, S., AND C. P. GOATER. 2002. Intensity-dependent alteration of minnow (Pimephales promelas) behavior by a brain-encysting trematode. Journal of Parasitology 88: 1071-1074.
204. SHOOP, W. L. 1989. Systematic analysis of the Diplostomidae and Strigeidae (Trematoda). Journal of Parasitology 75: 21-32.
205. SHOSTAK, A. W., AND T. A. DICK. 1988. Variability in timing of egg hatch of Triaenophorus crassus Forel (Cestoda: Pseudophyllidea) as a mechanism increasing temporal dispersion of coracidia. Canadian Journal of Zoology 67: 1462-1470.
206. -, T. A. DICK, A. J. SZALAI, AND L. M. J. BERNIER. 1986. Morphological variability in Echinorhynchus gadi, E. leidyi, and E. salmonis (Acanthocephala: Echinorhynchidae) from fishes in northern Canadian waters. Canadian Journal of Zoology 64: 985-995.
207. -, R. B. ROSEN, AND T. A. DICK. 1984a. Orientation of procercoids of Triaenophorus crassus Forel in Cyclops bicuspidatus thomasi Forbes: Effects on growth and development. Canadian Journal of Zoology 62: 1373-1377.
208. -, -, AND -. 1984b. The use of growth curves to assess the crowding effect on procercoids of the tapeworm Triaenophorus crassus in the copepod host Cyclops bicuspidatus thomasi. Canadian Journal of Zoology 63: 2343-2351.
209. SHUBERT, E. 2012. Use and misuse of the impact factor. Systematics and Biodiversity 10: 391-394.
210. SHULMAN, S. S. 1966. Myxosporidia of the fauna of the USSR. Nauka, Leningrad, Russia, 508 p. (In Russian)
211. SIDDALL, M. E., D. S. MARTIN, D. BRIDGE, S. S. DESSER, AND D. K. CONE. 1995. The demise of a phylum of protists: Phylogeny of Myxozoa and other parasitic Cnidaria. Journal of Parasitology 81: 961-967.
212. SMITH, H. D., AND L. MARGOLIS. 1970. Some effects of Eubothrium salvelini (Schrank, 1790) on sockeye salmon, Oncorhynchus nerka (Walbaum), in Babine Lake, British Columbia. Journal of Parasitology 56: 312-322.
213. SOGANDARES-BERNAL, F. 1955. Some helminth parasites of fresh and brackish water fishes from Louisiana and Panama. Journal of Parasitology 41: 587-594.
214. STEINAUER, M. L., B. B. NICKOL, AND G. ORTI. 2007. Cryptic speciation and patterns of phenotypic variation of a highly variable acanthocephalan parasite. Molecular Ecology 16: 4097-4109.
215. -, J. E. PARHAM, AND B. B. NICKOL. 2006. Geographic analysis of host use, development, and habitat use of an acanthocephalan species, Leptorhynchoides thecatus. Journal of Parasitology 92: 464-472.
216. STEVENS, R., B. L. KERANS, J. C. LEMMON, AND C. RASMUSSEN. 2001. The effects of Myxobolus cerebralis myxospore dose on triactinomyxon production and biology of Tubifex tubifex from two geographic regions. Journal of Parasitology 87: 315-321.
217. STROMBERG, P. C., AND J. L. CRITES. 1974. The life cycle and development of Camallanus oxycephalus Ward and Magath, 1916 (Nematoda: Camallanidae). Journal of Parasitology 60: 117-124.
218. STRONA, G., AND K. D. LAFFERTY. 2013. Predicting what helminth parasites a fish species should have using Parasite Co-occurrence Modeler (PaCo). Journal of Parasitology 99: 6-10.
219. SZALAI, A. O., AND T. A. DICK. 1987. Intestinal pathology and site specificity of the acanthocephalan Neoechinorhynchus carpiodi Dechtiar, 1968 in quillback, Carpiodes cyprinus (LeSueur). Journal of Parasitology 73: 467-475.
220. TEDLA, S., AND C. H. FERNANDO. 1969. Changes in the parasite fauna of the white perch, Roccus americanus (Gmelin), colonizing new habitats. Journal of Parasitology 55: 1063-1066.
221. TKACH, V. V., S. S. CURRAN, J. A. BELL, AND R. M. OVERSTREET. 2013. A new species of Crepidostomum (Digenea: Allocreadiidae) from Hiodon tergisus in Mississippi, and molecular comparison with three congeners. Journal of Parasitology 99: 1114-1121.
222. -, AND J. M. KINSELLA. 2011. New Macroderoides (Digenea: Macroderoididae) from Florida gar, with molecular phylogeny of the genus. Journal of Parasitology 97: 920-923.
223. -, AND A. M. MILLS. 2011. Alloglossidium fonti sp. Nov. (Digenea, Macroderoididae) from black bullheads in Minnesota with molecular differentiation from congeners and resurrection of Alloglossidium kenti. Acta Parasitologica 56: 154-162.
224. UGLEM, G. L., AND S. M. BECK. 1972. Habitat specificity and correlated aminopeptidase activity in the acanthocepahalans Neoechinorhynchus cristatus and N. crassus. Journal of Parasitology 58: 911-920.
225. -, AND D. J. PRIOR. 1983. Control of swimming in cercariae of Proterometra macrostoma (Digenea: Azygiidae). Journal of Parasitology 69: 866-870.
226. UPTON, S. J., D. W. REDUKER, W. L. CURRENT, AND D. W. DUSZYNSKI. 1984. Taxonomy of North American fish Eimeriidae. N.O.A.A. Technical Report NMFS 11, August 1984, 18 p.
227. UZNANSKI, R. L., AND B. B. NICKOL. 1980. Parasite population regulation: Lethal and sublethal effects of Leptorhynchoides thecatus (Acanthocephala: Rhadinorhynchidae) on Hyalella azteca (Amphipoda). Journal of Parasitology 66: 121-126.
228. VAN CLEAVE, H. J. 1916. Seasonal distribution of some Acanthocephala from freshwater hosts. Journal of Parasitology 2: 106-110.
229. -. 1948. Expanding horizons in the recognition of a phylum. Journal of Parasitology 34: 1-20.
230. -. 1949. The acanthocephalan genus Neoechinorhynchus in the catostomid fishes of North America, with descriptions of two new species. Journal of Parasitology 35: 500-512.
231. -, AND D. R. LINCICOME. 1940. A reconsideration of the acanthocephalan family Rhadinorhynchidae. Journal of Parasitology 26: 75-81.
232. -, AND J. F. MUELLER. 1932. Parasites of the Oneida Lake Fishes. Part I. Description of new genera and new species. Roosevelt Wild Life Annals 3: 5-71.
233. -, AND -. 1934. Parasites of Oneida Lake Fishes. Part III. A biological and ecological survey of the worm parasites. Roosevelt Wild Life Annals 3: 161-334.
234. VIDAL-MARTÍNEZ V. M., M. L. AGUIRRE-MACEDO, T. SCHOLZ, D. GONZÁLEZ-SOLÍS, AND E. F. MENDOZA-FRANCO. 2001. Atlas of the helminth parasites of cichlid fish of Mexico. Academia, Praha, Czech Republic, 166 p.
235. -, AND C. R. KENNEDY. 2000. Potential interaction between the intestinal helminth of the cichlid fish Cichlasoma synspilum from southeastern Mexico. Journal of Parasitology 86: 691-695.
236. -, AND R. POULIN. 2003. Spatial and temporal repeatability in parasite community structure of tropical fish hosts. Parasitology 127: 387-398.
237. VINCENT, A. G., AND W. F. FONT. 2003. Host specificity and population structure of two exotic helminths, Camallanus cotti (Nematoda) and Bothriocephalus acheilognathi (Cestoda), parasitizing exotic fishes in Waianu Stream, O'ahu, Hawai'i. Journal of Parasitology 89: 540-544.
238. WARD, H. B. 1910. Internal parasites of the Sebago salmon. Bulletin of the U.S. Bureau of Fisheries 28: 1151-1194.
239. -, AND T. B. MAGATH. 1916. Notes on some nematodes from freshwater fishes. Journal of Parasitology 3: 57-64.
240. WARDLE, R. A., AND J. A. MCLEOD. 1952. The zoology of tapeworms. University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis, Minnesota, 780 p.
241. WHEELER, T. A., AND M. BEVERLEY-BURTON. 1989a. Systematics of Onchocleidus Mueller, 1936 (Monogenea: Ancyrocephalidae): Generic revision. Canadian Journal of Zoology 67: 136-157.
242. -, AND -. 1989b. Systematics of Onchocleidus Mueller, 1936 (Monogenea: Ancyrocephalidae): phylogenetic relationships, evolution, and host associations. Canadian Journal of Zoology 67: 706-713.
243. WHIPPS C. M., G. GROSSEL, R. D. ADLARD, H. YOKOYAMA, M. S. BRYANT, B. L. MUNDAY, AND M. L. KENT. 2004. Phylogeny of the Multivalvulidae (Myxozoa: Myxosporea) based on comparative ribosomal DNA sequence analysis. Journal of Parasitology 90: 618-622.
244. WOO, P. T. K. 1987. Cryptobia and cryptobiosis in fishes. Advances in Parasitology 26: 199-237.
245. -. 2006. Fish diseases and disorders. Vol. 1. Protozoan and metazoan infections. 2nd ed. CABI Publishing, Wallingford, U.K. 800 p.
246. WRIGHT, K. A. 1987. The nematode's cuticle-Its surface and the epidermis: Function, homology, analogy-A current consensus. Journal of Parasitology 73: 1077-1083.
247. XIAO, C., AND S. S. DESSER. 1998. The oligochaetes and their actinosporean parasites in Lake Sasajewun, Algonquin Park, Ontario. Journal of Parasitology 84: 1020-1026.
248. YAMASAKI, H., M. MUTO, M. YAMADA, N. ARIZONO, AND R. L. RAUSCH. 2012. Validity of the bear tapeworm Diphyllobothrium ursi (Cestoda: Diphyllobothriidae) based on morphological and molecular markers. Journal of Parasitology 98: 1243-1247.