A comparison of five competing lymph node staging schemes in a cohort of resectable gastric cancer patients

Annals of Surgical Oncology

Volumn 21, Issue 3, 2014, Pages 875-882

  Smith, David D ^a   Nelson, Rebecca A ^a   Schwarz, Roderich E ^b,c  

^a CITY OF HOPE NATIONAL MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

^b INDIANA UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^c IU Health Goshen Center for Cancer Care   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; CANCER PROGNOSIS; CANCER STAGING; CANCER SURVIVAL; CONTROLLED STUDY; DIAGNOSTIC TEST ACCURACY STUDY; FOLLOW UP; HUMAN; LODDS SYSTEM; LOG RANK TEST; LYMPH NODE; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; OVERALL SURVIVAL; PREDICTIVE VALUE; STOMACH CANCER; SURVIVAL TIME; UICC AJCC STAGING;

ADENOCARCINOMA; COHORT STUDIES; FOLLOW-UP STUDIES; GASTRECTOMY; HUMANS; LYMPH NODE EXCISION; LYMPH NODES; NEOPLASM STAGING; PROGNOSIS; SEER PROGRAM; STOMACH NEOPLASMS; SURVIVAL RATE;

EID: 84896731385     PISSN: 10689265     EISSN: 15344681     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1245/s10434-013-3356-0     Document Type: Article

References (33)

1. Rice TW, Rusch VW, Ishwaran H, Blackstone EH. Cancer of the esophagus and esophagogastric junction: data-driven staging for the seventh edition of the American Joint Committee on Cancer/International Union Against Cancer Cancer Staging Manuals. Cancer. 2010;116:3763-73.
2. Greene FL, Page DL, Fleming ID, Fritz A, Balch CM, DG. H, eds. AJCC Cancer Staging Manual. 6th ed. New York: Springer-Verlag; 2002.
3. Edge S, Byrd D, Compton C, Fritz A, Greene F, Trotti A, eds. AJCC Cancer Staging Handbook. Seventh ed. New York: Springer; 2010.
4. Bando E, Yonemura Y, Taniguchi K, Fushida S, Fujimura T, Miwa K. Outcome of ratio of lymph node metastasis in gastric carcinoma. Ann Surg Oncol. 2002;9:775-84.
5. Inoue K, Nakane Y, Iiyama H, Sato M, Kanbara T, Nakai K, et al. The superiority of ratio-based lymph node staging in gastric carcinoma. Ann Surg Oncol. 2002;9:27-34.
6. Coimbra FJ, Costa WL, Jr., Montagnini AL, Diniz AL, Ribeiro HS, Silva MJ, et al. The interaction between N-category and N-ratio as a new tool to improve lymph node metastasis staging in gastric cancer: results of a single cancer center in Brazil. Eur J Surg Oncol. 2011;37:47-54.
7. Kunisaki C, Shimada H, Nomura M, Matsuda G, Otsuka Y, Ono H, et al. Clinical impact of metastatic lymph node ratio in advanced gastric cancer. Anticancer Res. 2005;25:1369-75.
8. Marchet A, Mocellin S, Ambrosi A, Morgagni P, Garcea D, Marrelli D, et al. The ratio between metastatic and examined lymph nodes (N ratio) is an independent prognostic factor in gastric cancer regardless of the type of lymphadenectomy: results from an Italian multicentric study in 1853 patients. Ann Surg. 2007;245:543-52.
9. Marchet A, Mocellin S, Ambrosi A, de Manzoni G, Di Leo A, Marrelli D, et al. The prognostic value of N-ratio in patients with gastric cancer: validation in a large, multicenter series. Eur J Surg Oncol. 2008;34:159-65.
10. Chen S, Zhao BW, Li YF, Feng XY, Sun XW, Li W, et al. The prognostic value of harvested lymph nodes and the metastatic lymph node ratio for gastric cancer patients: results of a study of 1,101 patients. PloS One. 2012;7:e49424.
11. Wang J, Dang P, Raut CP, Pandalai PK, Maduekwe UN, Rattner DW, et al. Comparison of a lymph node ratio-based staging system with the 7th AJCC system for gastric cancer: analysis of 18,043 patients from the SEER database. Ann Surg. 2012;255:478-85.
12. Wang J, Hassett JM, Dayton MT, Kulaylat MN. The prognostic superiority of log odds of positive lymph nodes in stage III colon cancer. J Gastrointest Surg. 2008;12:1790-6.
13. Sun Z, Xu Y, Li de M, Wang ZN, Zhu GL, Huang BJ, et al. Log odds of positive lymph nodes: a novel prognostic indicator superior to the number-based and the ratio-based N category for gastric cancer patients with R0 resection. Cancer. 2010;116:2571-80.
14. Smith DD, Schwarz RR, Schwarz RE. Impact of total lymph node count on staging and survival after gastrectomy for gastric cancer: data from a large US-population database. J Clin Oncol. 2005;23:7114-24.
15. Schwarz RE, Smith DD. Clinical impact of lymphadenectomy extent in resectable gastric cancer of advanced stage. Ann Surg Oncol. 2007;14:317-28.
16. Schwarz RE, Smith DD. Clinical impact of lymphadenectomy extent in resectable esophageal cancer. J Gastrointest Surg. 2007;11:1384-93, discussion 1393-4.
17. Schwarz RE, Smith DD. Lymph node dissection impact on staging and survival of extrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas, based on U.S. population data. J Gastrointest Surg. 2007;11:158-65.
18. National Cancer Institute DCCPS Surveillance Research Program Surveillance Systems Branch. Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program (www.seer.cancer.gov) SEER*Stat Database: Incidence-SEER 18 Regs Research Data + Hurricane Katrina Impacted Louisiana Cases, Nov 2011 Sub (1973-2009 varying) - Linked To County Attributes - Total U.S., 1969-2010 Counties. Released April 2012, based on the November 2011 submission.
19. Macdonald JS, Smalley SR, Benedetti J, Hundahl SA, Estes NC, Stemmermann GN, et al. Chemoradiotherapy after surgery compared with surgery alone for adenocarcinoma of the stomach or gastroesophageal junction. New Engl J Med. 2001;345:725-30.
20. Cunningham D, Allum WH, Stenning SP, Thompson JN, Van de Velde CJ, Nicolson M, et al. Perioperative chemotherapy versus surgery alone for resectable gastroesophageal cancer. New Engl J Med. 2006;355:11-20.
21. American College of Surgeons. Collaborative staging for AJCC TNM 7 version 02.04. Available at http://web2.facs.org/cstage0204/stomach/ Stomachschema.html. 2011. Accessed 28 Feb 2013.
22. Gonen M, Heller G. Concordance probability and discriminatory power in proportional hazards regression. Biometrika. 2005;92:965-70.
23. Roder JD, Bottcher K, Busch R, Wittekind C, Hermanek P, Siewert JR. Classification of regional lymph node metastasis from gastric carcinoma. German Gastric Cancer Study Group. Cancer. 1998;82:621-31.
24. Schwarz RE, Smith DD. Extended lymph node dissection for gastric cancer: who may benefit? Final results of the randomized Dutch gastric cancer group trial. J Clin Oncol. 2005;23:5404-5.
25. Kattan MW, Karpeh MS, Mazumdar M, Brennan MF. Postoperative nomogram for disease-specific survival after an R0 resection for gastric carcinoma. J Clin Oncol. 2003;21:3647-50.
26. Schwarz RE, Zagala-Nevarez K. Recurrence patterns after radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer: prognostic factors and implications for postoperative adjuvant therapy. Ann Surg Oncol. 2002;9:394-400.
27. Sun Z, Zhu GL, Lu C, Guo PT, Huang BJ, Li K, et al. The impact of N-ratio in minimizing stage migration phenomenon in gastric cancer patients with insufficient number or level of lymph node retrieved: results from a Chinese mono-institutional study in 2159 patients. Ann Oncol. 2009;20:897-905.
28. Celen O, Yildirim E, Berberoglu U. Prognostic impact of positive lymph node ratio in gastric carcinoma. J Surg Oncol. 2007;96:95-101.
29. Kong SH, Lee HJ, Ahn HS, Kim JW, Kim WH, Lee KU, et al. Stage migration effect on survival in gastric cancer surgery with extended lymphadenectomy: the reappraisal of positive lymph node ratio as a proper N-staging. Ann Surg. 2012;255:50-8.
30. Schwarz RE, Smith DD. Extent of lymph node retrieval and pancreatic cancer survival: information from a large US population database. Ann Surg Oncol. 2006;13:1189-200.
31. Cahill RA, Asakuma M, Perretta S, Dallemagne B, Marescaux J. Gastric lymphatic mapping for sentinel node biopsy by natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (NOTES). Surg Endosc. 2009;23:1110-6.
32. Hundley JC, Shen P, Shiver SA, Geisinger KR, Levine EA. Lymphatic mapping for gastric adenocarcinoma. American Surg. 2002;68:931-5.
33. Song X, Wang L, Chen W, Pan T, Zhu H, Xu J, et al. Lymphatic mapping and sentinel node biopsy in gastric cancer. Am J Surg. 2004;187:270-3.