The july effect: Is emergency department length of stay greater at the beginning of the hospital academic year"

Western Journal of Emergency Medicine

Volumn 15, Issue 1, 2014, Pages 88-93

  Riguzzi, Christine ^a,b   Hern, H Gene ^a   Vahidnia, Farnaz ^a   Herring, Andrew ^a   Alter, Harrison ^a  

^a HIGHLAND HOSPITAL   (United States)

^b ALAMEDA COUNTY MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

Author keywords

Emergency Department Length of Stay; Emergency Medicine; Resident Education

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; BIVARIATE ANALYSIS; COMPARATIVE STUDY; EMERGENCY WARD; HOSPITAL PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT; HUMAN; LENGTH OF STAY; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MULTIPLE REGRESSION; RESIDENCY EDUCATION; RESIDENT; TEACHING HOSPITAL; EMERGENCY HEALTH SERVICE; HEALTH CARE SURVEY; MEDICAL EDUCATION; RETROSPECTIVE STUDY; STATISTICS AND NUMERICAL DATA; TIME; UNITED STATES;

EMERGENCY SERVICE, HOSPITAL; HEALTH CARE SURVEYS; HOSPITALS, TEACHING; HUMANS; INTERNSHIP AND RESIDENCY; LENGTH OF STAY; RETROSPECTIVE STUDIES; TIME FACTORS; UNITED STATES;

EID: 84896730971     PISSN: 1936900X     EISSN: 19369018     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.5811/westjem.2013.10.18123     Document Type: Article

References (27)

1. Anderson KL, Koval KJ, Spratt KF. Hip fracture outcome: is there a "July effect"? Am J Orthop. 2009;38:606-611.
2. Bakaeen FG, Huh J, LeMaire SA, et al. The July effect: impact of the beginning of the academic cycle on cardiac surgical outcomes in a cohort of 70,616 patients. Ann Thorac Surg. 2009;88:70-75.
3. Barry WA, Rosenthal GE. Is there a July phenomenon?: the effect of July admission on intensive care mortality and length of stay in teaching hospitals. J Gen Intern Med. 2003;18:639-645.
4. Buchwald D, Komaroff AL, Cook EF, et al. Indirect costs for medical education: is there a July phenomenon? Arch Intern Med. 1989;149:765-768.
5. Dhaliwal AS, Chu D, Deswal A, et al. The July effect and cardiac surgery: the effect of the beginning of the academic cycle on outcomes. Am J Surgery. 2008;196:720-725.
6. Ford AA, Bateman BT, Simpson LL, et al. Nationwide data confirms absence of ?July phenomenon? in obstetrics: it?s safe to deliver in July. J Perinatology. 2007;27:73-76.
7. Garcia S, Canoniero M, Young, L. The effect of July admission in the process of care of patients with acute cardiovascular conditions. South Med J. 2009;102:602-607.
8. Haller G, Myles PS, Taffe P, et al. Rate of undesirable events at beginning of academic year: retrospective cohort study. BMJ. 2009;339:b3974.
9. Highstead RG, Johnson LC, Street, JH, et al. July- as good a time as any to be injured. J Trauma. 2009;67:1087-1090.
10. Inaba K, Recinos G, Teixeira PG, et al. Complications and death at the start of the new academic year: is there a July Phenomenon? J Trauma. 2010;68:19-22.
11. Kestle JR, Cochrane DD, Drake JM. Shunt insertion in the summer: is it safe? J Neurosurg. 2006;105:165-168.
12. Phillips DP, Barker GE. A July spike in fatal medication errors: a possible effect of new medical residents. J Gen Intern Med. 2010;25:774-779.
13. Rich EC, Gifford G, Luxenberg M, et al. The relationship of house staff experience to the cost and quality of inpatient care. JAMA. 1990;263:953-957.
14. Rich EC, Hillson SD, Dowd B, et al. Specialty differences in the ?July phenomenon? for Twin cities teaching hospitals. Medical Care. 1993;31:73-83.
15. Shulkin D. The July phenomenon revisited: are hospital complications associated with new house staff? Am J Med Qual. 1995;10:14-17.
16. Yaghoubian A, de Virgilio C, Chiu V, et al. "July effect" and appendicitis. J Surg Ed. 2010;67:157-160.
17. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NHAMCS description. US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Web site. http://www.cdc. gov/nchs/about/major/ahcd/sampham.htm. Accessed April 29, 2011.
18. Blackwell CD, Gorelick M, Holmes JF, et al. Pediatric head trauma: changes in use of computed tomography in emergency departments in the United States over time. Ann Emerg Med. 2007;49:320-324.
19. Qualls M, Pallin DJ, Schuur JD. Parametric versus nonparametric statistical tests: the length of stay example. Acad Emerg Med. 2010;17:1113-1121.
20. Rathlev NK, Chessare J, Olshaer J, et al. Time series analysis of variables associated with daily mean emergency department length of stay. Ann Emerg Med. 2007;49:265-271.
21. Pines JM, Prabhu A, Hilton JA, et al. The effect of emergency department crowding on length of stay and medication treatment times in discharged patients with acute asthma. Acad Emerg Med. 2010;17:834-839.
22. McCarthy ML, Zeger SL, Ding R, et al. Crowding delays treatment and lengthens emergency department length of stay, even among high-acuity patients. Ann Emerg Med. 2009;54:492-503.
23. McCaig LF. National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey: 1992 emergency department summary. Advance data from vital and health statistics. National Center for Health Statistics. 1994; no 245.
24. Table 2. Emergency department visits, by patient age, sex, and residence: United States, 2008. National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey. http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/ahcd/nhamcs emergency/nhamcsed2008.pdf. Accessed April 29, 2011.
25. Kish JN. U.S. Population 1776 to Present. https://www.google.com/ fusiontables/DataSource?docid=1F1LWhYAo54sCTRkcnSJ1aZ8D9 WUcEcxWlf26Ug. Accessed October 2, 2013.
26. Tang N, Stein J, Hsia RY, et al. Trends and characteristics of US emergency department visits, 1997-2007. JAMA. 2010;304:664-670.
27. Herring A, Wilper A, Himmelstein DU, et al. Increasing length of stay among adult visits to U.S emergency departments, 2001-2005. Acad Emerg Med. 2009;16:609-616.