New antithrombotics for secondary prevention of acute coronary syndrome

Clinical Cardiology

Volumn 37, Issue 3, 2014, Pages 178-187

  Goto, Shinya ^a   Tomita, Aiko ^a  

^a TOKAI UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (Japan)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ACETYLSALICYLIC ACID; ANTICOAGULANT AGENT; APIXABAN; ATOPAXAR; CLOPIDOGREL; DABIGATRAN; METOPROLOL; PRASUGREL; RIVAROXABAN; THIENOPYRIDINE DERIVATIVE; TICAGRELOR; VORAPAXAR; WARFARIN;

ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME; ADD ON THERAPY; ANTICOAGULANT THERAPY; ANTICOAGULATION; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; BLEEDING; BLOOD CLOTTING; BRAIN HEMORRHAGE; CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENT; DRUG WITHDRAWAL; HEART INFARCTION; HUMAN; LOW DRUG DOSE; META ANALYSIS (TOPIC); PHASE 2 CLINICAL TRIAL (TOPIC); RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL (TOPIC); REVIEW; SECONDARY PREVENTION;

ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME; ANTICOAGULANTS; BENZIMIDAZOLES; BETA-ALANINE; CLINICAL TRIALS AS TOPIC; CORONARY THROMBOSIS; HEMORRHAGE; HUMANS; IMINES; LACTONES; MORPHOLINES; PLATELET ACTIVATION; PLATELET AGGREGATION INHIBITORS; PYRAZOLES; PYRIDINES; PYRIDONES; SECONDARY PREVENTION; THIOPHENES; THROMBIN;

EID: 84896398658     PISSN: 01609289     EISSN: 19328737     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/clc.22233     Document Type: Review

References (66)

1. Ruff CT, Braunwald E,. The evolving epidemiology of acute coronary syndromes. Nat Rev Cardiol. 2011; 8: 140-147.
2. Huikuri HV, Castellanos A, Myerburg RJ,. Sudden death due to cardiac arrhythmias. N Engl J Med. 2001; 345: 1473-1482.
3. Nabel EG, Braunwald E,. A tale of coronary artery disease and myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med. 2012; 366: 54-63.
4. Farb A, Burke AP, Tang AL, et al. Coronary plaque erosion without rupture into a lipid core: a frequent cause of coronary thrombosis in sudden coronary death. Circulation. 1996; 93: 1354-1363.
5. Wallentin L, Becker RC, Budaj A, et al. Ticagrelor versus clopidogrel in patients with acute coronary syndromes. N Engl J Med. 2009; 361: 1045-1057.
6. Wiviott SD, Braunwald E, McCabe CH, et al. Prasugrel versus clopidogrel in patients with acute coronary syndromes. N Engl J Med. 2007; 357: 2001-2015.
7. Yusuf S, Zhao F, Mehta SR, et al. Effects of clopidogrel in addition to aspirin in patients with acute coronary syndromes without ST-segment elevation. N Engl J Med. 2001; 345: 494-502.
8. Mega JL, Braunwald E, Wiviott SD, et al. Rivaroxaban in patients with a recent acute coronary syndrome. N Engl J Med. 2012; 366: 9-19.
9. Mackman N., Triggers, targets and treatments for thrombosis. Nature. 2008; 451: 914-918.
10. Goto S, Tamura N, Li M, et al. Different effects of various anti-GPIIb-IIIa agents on shear-induced platelet activation and expression of procoagulant activity. J Thromb Haemost. 2003; 1: 2022-2030.
11. Tamura N, Kitajima I, Kawamura Y, et al. Important regulatory role of activated platelet-derived procoagulant activity in the propagation of thrombi formed under arterial blood flow conditions. Circ J. 2009; 73: 540-548.
12. Nesheim ME, Taswell JB, Mann KG,. The contribution of bovine Factor V and Factor Va to the activity of prothrombinase. J Biol Chem. 1979; 254: 10952-10962.
13. Licari LG, Kovacic JP,. Thrombin physiology and pathophysiology. J Vet Emerg Crit Care (San Antonio). 2009; 19: 11-22.
14. Angiolillo DJ, Capodanno D, Goto S,. Platelet thrombin receptor antagonism and atherothrombosis. Eur Heart J. 2010; 31: 17-28.
15. Majerus PW,. Arachidonate metabolism in vascular disorders. J Clin Invest. 1983; 72: 1521-1525.
16. Burch JW, Stanford N, Majerus PW,. Inhibition of platelet prostaglandin synthetase by oral aspirin. J Clin Invest. 1978; 61: 314-319.
17. Roth GJ, Stanford N, Majerus PW,. Acetylation of prostaglandin synthase by aspirin. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1975; 72: 3073-3076.
18. Patrono C, Baigent C, Hirsh J, et al. Antiplatelet drugs: American College of Chest Physicians evidence-based clinical practice guidelines (8th edition). Chest. 2008; 133: 199S-233S.
19. Patrono C, Ciabattoni G, Patrignani P, et al. Clinical pharmacology of platelet cyclooxygenase inhibition. Circulation. 1985; 72: 1177-1184.
20. Mehta SR, Tanguay JF, Eikelboom JW, et al. Double-dose versus standard-dose clopidogrel and high-dose versus low-dose aspirin in individuals undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention for acute coronary syndromes (CURRENT-OASIS 7): a randomised factorial trial. Lancet. 2010; 376: 1233-1243.
21. Peters RJ, Mehta SR, Fox KA, et al. Effects of aspirin dose when used alone or in combination with clopidogrel in patients with acute coronary syndromes: observations from the Clopidogrel in Unstable Angina to Prevent Recurrent Events (CURE) study. Circulation. 2003; 108: 1682-1687.
22. Hamm CW, Bassand JP, Agewall S, et al. ESC Guidelines for the management of acute coronary syndromes in patients presenting without persistent ST-segment elevation: the Task Force for the Management of Acute Coronary Syndromes (ACS) in Patients Presenting without Persistent ST-segment Elevation of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). Eur Heart J. 2011; 32: 2999-3054.
23. Kushner FG, Hand M, Smith SC Jr, et al. 2009 Focused updates: ACC/AHA guidelines for the management of patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (updating the 2004 guideline and 2007 focused update) and ACC/AHA/SCAI guidelines on percutaneous coronary intervention (updating the 2005 guideline and 2007 focused update): a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2009; 54: 2205-2241.
24. Steg PG, James SK, Atar D, et al. ESC Guidelines for the management of acute myocardial infarction in patients presenting with ST-segment elevation: the Task Force on the Management of ST-segment Elevation Acute Myocardial Infarction of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). Eur Heart J. 2012; 33: 2569-2619.
25. Wright RS, Anderson JL, Adams CD, et al. 2011 ACCF/AHA focused update of the guidelines for the management of patients with unstable angina/non-ST- elevation myocardial infarction (updating the 2007 guideline): a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. Circulation. 2011; 123: 2022-2060.
26. Bellosillo B, Piqué M, Barragán M, et al. Aspirin and salicylate induce apoptosis and activation of caspases in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells. Blood. 1998; 92: 1406-1414.
27. Antiplatelet Trialists' Collaboration. Collaborative overview of randomised trials of antiplatelet therapy-I: Prevention of death, myocardial infarction, and stroke by prolonged antiplatelet therapy in various categories of patients [published correction appears in BMJ. 1994;308:1540]. BMJ. 1994;308:81-106.
28. Steinhubl SR, Berger PB, Mann JT III, et al. Early and sustained dual oral antiplatelet therapy following percutaneous coronary intervention: a randomized controlled trial [published correction appears in JAMA. 2003;289:987]. JAMA. 2002; 288: 2411-2420.
29. COMMIT (Clopidogrel and Metoprolol in Myocardial Infarction Trial) Collaborative Group. Addition of clopidogrel to aspirin in 45,852 patients with acute myocardial infarction: randomised placebo-controlled trial. Lancet. 2005; 366: 1607-1621.
30. Kushner FG, Hand M, Smith SC Jr, et al. 2009 Focused updates: ACC/AHA guidelines for the management of patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (updating the 2004 guideline and 2007 focused update) and ACC/AHA/SCAI guidelines on percutaneous coronary intervention (updating the 2005 guideline and 2007 focused update): a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. Circulation. 2009; 120: 2271-2306.
31. Breet NJ, van Werkum JW, Bouman HJ, et al. Comparison of platelet function tests in predicting clinical outcome in patients undergoing coronary stent implantation. JAMA. 2010; 303: 754-762.
32. Geisler T, Langer H, Wydymus M, et al. Low response to clopidogrel is associated with cardiovascular outcome after coronary stent implantation. Eur Heart J. 2006; 27: 2420-2425.
33. Mega JL, Close SL, Wiviott SD, et al. Genetic variants in ABCB1 and CYP2C19 and cardiovascular outcomes after treatment with clopidogrel and prasugrel in the TRITON-TIMI 38 trial: a pharmacogenetic analysis. Lancet. 2010; 376: 1312-1319.
34. Trenk D, Hochholzer W, Fromm MF, et al. Cytochrome P450 2C19 681G > A polymorphism and high on-clopidogrel platelet reactivity associated with adverse 1-year clinical outcome of elective percutaneous coronary intervention with drug-eluting or bare-metal stents. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2008; 51: 1925-1934.
35. Park KW, Park JJ, Kang J, et al. Paraoxonase 1 gene polymorphism does not affect clopidogrel response variability but is associated with clinical outcome after PCI. PLoS One. 2013; 8: e52779.
36. Liu W, Poole EM, Ulrich CM, et al. Decreased cyclooxygenase inhibition by aspirin in polymorphic variants of human prostaglandin H synthase-1. Pharmacogenet Genomics. 2012; 22: 525-537.
37. Price MJ, Berger PB, Teirstein PS, et al. Standard- vs high-dose clopidogrel based on platelet function testing after percutaneous coronary intervention: the GRAVITAS randomized trial. JAMA. 2011; 305: 1097-1105.
38. Gurbel PA, Erlinge D, Ohman EM, et al. Platelet function during extended prasugrel and clopidogrel therapy for patients with ACS treated without revascularization: the TRILOGY ACS platelet function substudy. JAMA. 2012; 308: 1785-1794.
39. Jernberg T, Payne CD, Winters KJ, et al. Prasugrel achieves greater inhibition of platelet aggregation and a lower rate of non-responders compared with clopidogrel in aspirin-treated patients with stable coronary artery disease. Eur Heart J. 2006; 27: 1166-1173.
40. Storey RF, Husted S, Harrington RA, et al. Inhibition of platelet aggregation by AZD6140, a reversible oral P2Y12 receptor antagonist, compared with clopidogrel in patients with acute coronary syndromes. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2007; 50: 1852-1856.
41. Butler K, Teng R,. Pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, safety and tolerability of multiple ascending doses of ticagrelor in healthy volunteers. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2010; 70: 65-77.
42. Diener HC, Bogousslavsky J, Brass LM, et al. Aspirin and clopidogrel compared with clopidogrel alone after recent ischaemic stroke or transient ischaemic attack in high-risk patients (MATCH): randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet. 2004; 364: 331-337.
43. Toyoda K, Yasaka M, Iwade K, et al. Dual antithrombotic therapy increases severe bleeding events in patients with stroke and cardiovascular disease: a prospective, multicenter, observational study. Stroke. 2008; 39: 1740-1745.
44. Prasugrel [drug label]. Indianapolis, IN: Eli Lilly and Co. http://pi.lilly.com/us/effient.pdf. Published 2009. Accessed December 14, 2011.
45. James SK, Storey RF, Khurmi NS, et al. Ticagrelor versus clopidogrel in patients with acute coronary syndromes and a history of stroke or transient ischemic attack. Circulation. 2012; 125: 2914-2921.
46. Roe MT, Armstrong PW, Fox KA, et al. Prasugrel versus clopidogrel for acute coronary syndromes without revascularization. N Engl J Med. 2012; 367: 1297-1309.
47. James SK, Roe MT, Cannon CP, et al. Ticagrelor versus clopidogrel in patients with acute coronary syndromes intended for non-invasive management: substudy from prospective randomised Platelet Inhibition and Patient Outcomes (PLATO) trial. BMJ. 2011; 342: d3527.
48. Rogers WJ, Frederick PD, Stoehr E, et al. Trends in presenting characteristics and hospital mortality among patients with ST-elevation and non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction in the National Registry of Myocardial Infarction from 1990 to 2006. Am Heart J. 2008; 156: 1026-1034.
49. Major CD, Santulli RJ, Derian CK, et al. Extracellular mediators in atherosclerosis and thrombosis: lessons from thrombin receptor knockout mice. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2003; 23: 931-939.
50. O'Donoghue ML, Bhatt DL, Wiviott SD, et al. Safety and tolerability of atopaxar in the treatment of patients with acute coronary syndromes: the Lessons From Antagonizing the Cellular Effects of Thrombin-Acute Coronary Syndromes trial. Circulation. 2011; 123: 1843-1853.
51. Goto S, Ogawa H, Takeuchi M, et al. Double-blind, placebo-controlled phase II studies of the protease-activated receptor 1 antagonist E5555 (atopaxar) in Japanese patients with acute coronary syndrome or high-risk coronary artery disease. Eur Heart J. 2010; 31: 2601-2613.
52. Tricoci P, Huang Z, Held C, et al. Thrombin-receptor antagonist vorapaxar in acute coronary syndromes. N Engl J Med. 2012; 366: 20-33.
53. Morrow DA, Braunwald E, Bonaca MP, et al. Vorapaxar in the secondary prevention of atherothrombotic events. N Engl J Med. 2012; 366: 1404-1413.
54. Merlini PA, Bauer KA, Oltrona L, et al. Persistent activation of coagulation mechanism in unstable angina and myocardial infarction. Circulation. 1994; 90: 61-68.
55. Andreotti F, Testa L, Biondi-Zoccai GG, et al. Aspirin plus warfarin compared to aspirin alone after acute coronary syndromes: an updated and comprehensive meta-analysis of 25 307 patients. Eur Heart J. 2006; 27: 519-526.
56. Oldgren J, Budaj A, Granger CB, et al. Dabigatran vs. placebo in patients with acute coronary syndromes on dual antiplatelet therapy: a randomized, double-blind, phase II trial. Eur Heart J. 2011; 32: 2781-2789.
57. Alexander JH, Becker RC, Bhatt DL, et al. Apixaban, an oral, direct, selective factor Xa inhibitor, in combination with antiplatelet therapy after acute coronary syndrome: results of the Apixaban for Prevention of Acute Ischemic and Safety Events (APPRAISE) trial. Circulation. 2009; 119: 2877-2885.
58. Alexander JH, Lopes RD, James S, et al. Apixaban with antiplatelet therapy after acute coronary syndrome. N Engl J Med. 2011; 365: 699-708.
59. Mega JL, Braunwald E, Mohanavelu S, et al. Rivaroxaban versus placebo in patients with acute coronary syndromes (ATLAS ACS-TIMI 46): a randomised, double-blind, phase II trial. Lancet. 2009; 374: 29-38.
60. Janssen Research & Development. Rivaroxaban for reducing the risk of cardiovascular events (cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction and stroke) after acute coronary syndrome (ACS). http://www.fda.gov/downloads/ AdvisoryCommittees/CommitteesMeetingMaterials/Drugs/ CardiovascularandRenalDrugsAdvisoryCommittee/UCM304757.pdf. Published April 24, 2012. Accessed May 24, 2012.
61. Granger CB, Alexander JH, McMurray JJ, et al. Apixaban versus warfarin in patients with atrial fibrillation. N Engl J Med. 2011; 365: 981-992.
62. Patel MR, Mahaffey KW, Garg J, et al. Rivaroxaban versus warfarin in nonvalvular atrial fibrillation. N Engl J Med. 2011; 365: 883-891.
63. Xarelto (rivaroxaban) [summary of product characteristics]. Leverkusen, Germany: Bayer Pharma AG. http://www.ema.europa.eu/docs/en-GB/document-library/ EPAR-Product-Information/human/000944/WC500057108.pdf. Published 2013. Accessed September 25, 2013.
64. Camm AJ, Savelieva I,. Practical considerations for using novel oral anticoagulants in patients with atrial fibrillation [published online ahead of print November 19, 2013]. Clin Cardiol. doi: 10.1002/clc.22204.
65. Reed GW, Cannon CP,. Triple oral antithrombotic therapy in atrial fibrillation and coronary artery stenting. Clin Cardiol. 2013; 36: 585-594.
66. Steg PG, Huber K, Andreotti F, et al. Bleeding in acute coronary syndromes and percutaneous coronary interventions: position paper by the Working Group on Thrombosis of the European Society of Cardiology. Eur Heart J. 2011; 32: 1854-1864.