Cardiovascular fitness and haemodynamic responses to maximal cycle ergometer exercise test in children 6-8 years of age

Journal of Sports Sciences

Volumn 32, Issue 7, 2014, Pages 652-659

  Lintu, Niina ^a   Tompuri, Tuomo ^a   Viitasalo, Anna ^a   Soininen, Sonja ^a   Laitinen, Tomi ^a   Savonen, Kai ^a   Lindi, Virpi ^a   Lakka, Timo A ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF EASTERN FINLAND   (Finland)

Author keywords

exhaustion; gender differences; heart rate response; peak performance; systolic blood pressure response

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; BICYCLE; BLOOD PRESSURE; CHILD; ERGOMETRY; EXERCISE TEST; EXERCISE TOLERANCE; FEMALE; FITNESS; HEART RATE; HEMODYNAMICS; HUMAN; MALE; OXYGEN CONSUMPTION; PHYSIOLOGY; REFERENCE VALUE;

BICYCLING; BLOOD PRESSURE; CHILD; ERGOMETRY; EXERCISE TEST; EXERCISE TOLERANCE; FEMALE; HEART RATE; HEMODYNAMICS; HUMANS; MALE; OXYGEN CONSUMPTION; PHYSICAL FITNESS; REFERENCE VALUES;

EID: 84894540626     PISSN: 02640414     EISSN: 1466447X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2013.845681     Document Type: Article

References (27)

1. Alpert, B. S. Verrill, D. E. Flood, N. L. Boineau, J. P. & Strong, W. B. (1983). Complications of ergometer exercise in children. Pediatric Cardiology, 4(2), 91-96.
2. Anderssen, S. A. Cooper, A. R. Riddoch, C. Sardinha, L. B. Harro, M. Brage, S. & Andersen, L. B. (2007). Low cardiorespiratory fitness is a strong predictor for clustering of cardiovascular disease risk factors in children independent of country, age and sex. European Journal of Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation, 14(4), 526-531.
3. Balady, G. J. Arena, R. Sietsema, K. Myers, J. Coke, L. Fletcher, G. F. Milani, R. V. (2010). Clinician's Guide to cardiopulmonary exercise testing in adults: A scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Circulation, 122(2), 191-225.
4. Dencker, M. Thorsson, O. Karlsson, M. K. Lindén, C. Wollmer, P. & Andersen, L. B. (2008). Maximal oxygen uptake versus maximal power output in children. Journal of Sports Sciences, 26(13), 1397-1402.
5. Eiberg, S. Hasselstrom, H. Grønfeldt, V. Froberg, K. Svensson, J. & Andersen, L. B. (2005). Maximum oxygen uptake and objectively measured physical activity in Danish children 6-7 years of age: The Copenhagen school child intervention study. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 39(10), 725-730.
6. Eloranta, A. M. Lindi, V. Schwab, U. Tompuri, T. Kiiskinen, S. Lakka, H. M. Lakka, T. A. (2012). Dietary factors associated with overweight and body adiposity in Finnish children aged 6-8 years: The PANIC Study. International Journal of Obesity, 36(7), 950-955.
7. Fleg, J. L. Piña, I. L. Balady, G. J. Chaitman, B. R. Fletcher, B. Lavie, C. Bazzarre, T. (2000). Assessment of functional capacity in clinical and research applications: An advisory from the Committee on Exercise, Rehabilitation, and Prevention, Council on Clinical Cardiology, American Heart Association. Circulation, 102(13), 1591-1597.
8. Fletcher, G. F. Balady, G. J. Amsterdam, E. A. Chaitman, B. Eckel, R. Fleg, J. Bazzarre, T. (2001). Exercise standards for testing and training: A statement for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association. Circulation, 104(14), 1694-1740.
9. Gardner, A. W. & Parker, D. E. (2010). Association between arterial compliance and age in participants 9 to 77 years old. Angiology, 61(1), 37-41.
10. Hakola, L. Komulainen, P. Hassinen, M. Savonen, K. Litmanen, H. Lakka, T. A. & Rauramaa, R. (2011). Cardiorespiratory fitness in aging men and women: The DR's EXTRA study. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports, 21(5), 679-687.
11. James, F. W. Kaplan, S. Glueck, C. J. Tsay, J. Y. Knight, M. J. & Sarwar, C. J. (1980). Responses of normal children and young adults to controlled bicycle exercise. Circulation, 61(5), 902-912.
12. Klimt, F. & Voigt, G. B. (1971). Investigations on the standardization of ergometry in children. Acta Paediatrica Scandinavica. Supplement, 217, 35-36.
13. Laukkanen, J. & Kurl, S. (2012). Blood pressure responses during exercise testing - in up best for prognosis? Annals of Medicine, 44(3), 218-224.
14. LeMura, L. M. von Duvillard, S. P. Cohen, S. L. Root, C. J. Chelland, S. A. Andreacci, J. Weatherford, J. (2001). Treadmill and cycle ergometry testing in 5- to 6-year-old children. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 85(5), 472-478.
15. Machado, F. A. & Denadai, B. S. (2011). Validity of maximum heart rate prediction equations for children and adolescents. Arquivos Brasileiros De Cardiologia, 97(2), 136-140.
16. Møller, N. C. Grøntved, A. Wedderkopp, N. Ried-Larsen, M. Kristensen, P. L. Andersen, L. B. & Froberg, K. (2010). Cardiovascular disease risk factors and blood pressure response during exercise in healthy children and adolescents: The European Youth Heart Study. Journal of Applied Physiology, 109(4), 1125-1132.
17. Paridon, S. M. Alpert, B. S. Boas, S. R. Cabrera, M. E. Caldarera, L. L. Daniels, S. R. Yetman, A. T. (2006). Clinical stress testing in the pediatric age group: A statement from the American Heart Association Council on Cardiovascular Disease in the Young, Committee on Atherosclerosis, Hypertension, and Obesity in Youth. Circulation, 113(15), 1905-1920.
18. Pierpont, G. L. Stolpman, D. R. & Gornick, C. C. (2000). Heart rate recovery post-exercise as an index of parasympathetic activity. Journal of the Autonomic Nervous System, 80(3), 169-174.
19. Rhodes, J. Ubeda Tikkanen, A. & Jenkins, K. J. (2010). Exercise testing and training in children with congenital heart disease. Circulation, 122(19), 1957-1967.
20. Rowland, T. W. (2008). Cardiovascular function. In N. Armstromg & W. Van Mechelen (Eds.), Paediatric exercise science and medicine (pp. 255-267). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
21. Saari, A. Sankilampi, U. Hannila, M. L. Kiviniemi, V. Kesseli, K. & Dunkel, L. (2011). New Finnish growth references for children and adolescents aged 0 to 20 years: Length/height-for-age, weight-for-length/height, and body mass index-for-age. Annals of Medicine, 43(3), 235-248.
22. Savonen, K. Krachler, B. Hassinen, M. Komulainen, P. Kiviniemi, V. Lakka, T. A. & Rauramaa, R. (2012). The current standard measure of cardiorespiratory fitness introduces confounding by body mass: The DR's EXTRA study. International Journal of Obesity, 36(8), 1135-1140.
23. Singh, T. P. & Evans, S. (2010). Socioeconomic position and heart rate recovery after maximal exercise in children. Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, 164(5), 479-484.
24. Ten Harkel, A. D. Takken, T. Van Osch-Gevers, M. & Helbing, W. A. (2011). Normal values for cardiopulmonary exercise testing in children. European Journal of Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation, 18(1), 48-54.
25. Turley, K. R. & Wilmore, J. H. (1997). Cardiovascular responses to treadmill and cycle ergometer exercise in children and adults. Journal of Applied Physiology, 83(3), 948-957.
26. Viitasalo, A. Laaksonen, D. E. Lindi, V. Eloranta, A. M. Jääskeläinen, J. Tompuri, T. Lakka, T. A. (2012). Clustering of metabolic risk factors is associated with high-normal levels of liver enzymes among 6- to 8-year-old children: The PANIC study. Metabolic Syndrome and Related Disorders, 10(5), 337-343.
27. Washington, R. L. Bricker, J. T. Alpert, B. S. Daniels, S. R. Deckelbaum, R. J. Fisher, E. A. Marx, G. R. (1994). Guidelines for exercise testing in the pediatric age group. From the Committee on Atherosclerosis and Hypertension in Children, Council on Cardiovascular Disease in the Young, the American Heart Association. Circulation, 90(4), 2166-2179.