Sympathetic nervous system moves toward center stage in cardiovascular medicine from thomas willis to resistant hypertension

Hypertension

Volumn 63, Issue 3, 2014, Pages

  Esler, Murray ^a  

^a BAKER IDI HEART AND DIABETES INSTITUTE   (Australia)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANATOMY; CARDIOLOGY; CIRCLE OF WILLIS; ENGLAND; HISTORY, 17TH CENTURY; HISTORY, 18TH CENTURY; HISTORY, 19TH CENTURY; HISTORY, 20TH CENTURY; HUMANS; HYPERTENSION; SYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM;

EID: 84894497207     PISSN: 0194911X     EISSN: 15244563     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.113.02439     Document Type: Article

References (71)

1. Zimmer K. Soul Made Flesh. London, United Kingdom: The Random House (Arrow Books); 2004: 188-207.
2. Hamilton WF, Richards DW. Output of the heart. In: Fishman AP and Richards DW, eds. Circulation of the Blood. Men and Ideas.Bethesda, MD: American Physiological Society; 1982: 87-90.
3. Elliott TR. The action of adrenaline. J Physiol (Lond) 1905;32:401-467.
4. Loewy O. Uber humorale ubertragbarkeit der herznervenwirkung. I Mitteilung. Pflugers Arch Gen Physiol. 1921;189:239.
5. von Euler US. A specific sympathetic ergone in adrenergic nerve fibres (sympathin) and its relation to adrenaline and noradrenaline. Acta Physiol Scand. 1946;12:73-97.
6. Von Euler US, Hellner S, Purkhold A. Excretion of noradrenaline in urine in hypertension. Scand J Clin Lab Invest. 1954;6:54-59.
7. Engelman K, Portnoy B, Lovenberg W. A sensitive and specific double-isotope derivative method for the determination of catecholamines in biological specimens. Am J Med Sci. 1968;255:259-268.
8. Hagbarth KE, Vallbo AB. Pulse and respiratory grouping of sympathetic impulses in human muscle-nerves. Acta Physiol Scand. 1968;74:96-108.
9. Wallin BG, Delius W, Hagbarth KE. Comparison of sympathetic nerve activity in normotensive and hypertensive subjects. Circ Res. 1973;33:9-21.
10. Macefield VG, Wallin BG, Vallbo AB. The discharge behaviour of single vasoconstrictor motoneurones in human muscle nerves. J Physiol. 1994;481(Pt 3):799-809.
11. Lambert E, Straznicky N, Schlaich M, Esler M, Dawood T, Hotchkin E, Lambert G. Differing pattern of sympathoexcitation in normal-weight and obesity-related hypertension. Hypertension. 2007;50:862-868.
12. Esler M, Jennings G, Korner P, Blombery P, Sacharias N, Leonard P. Measurement of total and organ-specific norepinephrine kinetics in humans. Am J Physiol. 1984;247(1 Pt 1):E21-E28.
13. Blombery PA, Heinzow BG. Cardiac and pulmonary norepinephrine release and removal in the dog. Circ Res. 1983;53:688-694.
14. Esler M, Jennings G, Lambert G, Meredith I, Horne M, Eisenhofer G. Overflow of catecholamine neurotransmitters to the circulation: Source, fate, and functions. Physiol Rev. 1990;70:963-985.
15. Mitchell DA, Lambert G, Secher NH, Raven PB, van Lieshout J, Esler MD. Jugular venous overflow of noradrenaline from the brain: A neurochemical indicator of cerebrovascular sympathetic nerve activity in humans. J Physiol. 2009;587(Pt 11):2589-2597.
16. Esler M, Blombery P, Leonard P, Jennings G, Korner P. Radiotracer methodology for the simultaneous estimation of total, and renal, sympathetic nervous system activity in humans. Clin Sci. 1982;63:285S-287S.
17. Esler M, Kaye D, Lambert G, Esler D, Jennings G. Adrenergic nervous system in heart failure. Am J Cardiol. 1997;80(11A):7L-14L.
18. Krum H, Schlaich M, Whitbourn R, Sobotka PA, Sadowski J, Bartus K, Kapelak B, Walton A, Sievert H, Thambar S, Abraham WT, Esler M. Catheterbased renal sympathetic denervation for resistant hypertension: A multicentre safety and proof-of-principle cohort study. Lancet. 2009;373:1275-1281.
19. Symplicity HTN-2 Investigators (CI Esler M). Renal sympathetic denervationin patients with treatment-resistant hypertension (The Symplicity HTN-2 Trial): A randomized controlled trial (Chief Investigator and Corresponding Author). Lancet. 2010;376:1903-1309.
20. Chidsey CA, Braunwald E, Morrow AG, Mason DT. Myocardial norepinephrine concentration in man. effects of reserpine and of congestive heart failure. N Engl J Med. 1963;269:653-658.
21. Hasking G, Esler M, Jennings G, Burton D, Johns J, Korner P. Norepinephrine spillover to plasma in congestive heart failure: Evidence of increased overall and cardiorenal sympathetic nervous activity. Circulation.1986;73:615-621.
22. Esler MD, Hasking GJ, Willett IR, Leonard PW, Jennings GL. Noradrenaline release and sympathetic nervous system activity. J Hypertens. 1985;3:117-129.
23. Esler M, Jennings G, Korner P, Willett I, Dudley F, Hasking G, Anderson W, Lambert G. Assessment of human sympathetic nervous system activity from measurements of norepinephrine turnover. Hypertension. 1988;11:3-20.
24. Grassi G, Colombo M, Seravalle G, Spaziani D, Mancia G. Dissociation between muscle and skin sympathetic nerve activity in essential hypertension, obesity, and congestive heart failure. Hypertension. 1998;31:64-67.
25. Grassi G, Dell'Oro R, Quarti-Trevano F, Scopelliti F, Seravalle G, Paleari F, Gamba PL, Mancia G. Neuroadrenergic and reflex abnormalities in patients with metabolic syndrome. Diabetologia. 2005;48:1359-1365.
26. Esler M, Lambert G, Jennings G. Regional norepinephrine turnover in human hypertension. Clin Exp Hypertens A. 1989;11(Suppl 1):75-89.
27. Kaye DM, Lefkovits J, Jennings GL, Bergin P, Broughton A, Esler MD. Adverse consequences of high sympathetic nervous activity in the failing human heart. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1995;26:1257-1263.
28. Petersson MJ, Rundqvist B, Johansson M, Eisenhofer G, Lambert G, Herlitz H, Jensen G, Friberg P. Increased cardiac sympathetic drive in renovascular hypertension. J Hypertens. 2002;20:1181-1187.
29. Petersson M, Friberg P, Eisenhofer G, Lambert G, Rundqvist B. Long-Term outcome in relation to renal sympathetic activity in patients with chronic heart failure. Eur Heart J. 2005;26:906-913.
30. Rumantir MS, Vaz M, Jennings GL, Collier G, Kaye DM, Seals DR, Wiesner GH, Brunner-La Rocca HP, Esler MD. Neural mechanisms in human obesity-related hypertension. J Hypertens. 1999;17:1125-1133.
31. Rundqvist B, Elam M, Bergmann-Sverrisdottir Y, Eisenhofer G, Friberg P. Increased cardiac adrenergic drive precedes generalized sympathetic activation in human heart failure. Circulation. 1997;95:169-175.
32. Goldstein DS, Holmes C, Frank SM, Dendi R, Cannon RO 3rd, Sharabi Y, Esler MD, Eisenhofer G. Cardiac sympathetic dysautonomia in chronic orthostatic intolerance syndromes. Circulation. 2002;106:2358-2365.
33. Jacob G, Shannon JR, Costa F, Furlan R, Biaggioni I, Mosqueda-Garcia R, Robertson RM, Robertson D. Abnormal norepinephrine clearance and adrenergic receptor sensitivity in idiopathic orthostatic intolerance. Circulation. 1999;99:1706-1712.
34. Jordan J, Shannon JR, Diedrich A, Black BK, Robertson D. Increased sympathetic activation in idiopathic orthostatic intolerance: Role of systemic adrenoreceptor sensitivity. Hypertension. 2002;39:173-178.
35. Lambert E, Eikelis N, Esler M, Dawood T, Schlaich M, Bayles R, Socratous F, Agrotis A, Jennings G, Lambert G, Vaddadi G. Altered sympathetic nervous reactivity and norepinephrine transporter expression in patients with postural tachycardia syndrome. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol. 2008;1:103-109.
36. Meredith IT, Esler MD, Cox HS, Lambert GW, Jennings GL, Eisenhofer G. Biochemical evidence of sympathetic denervation of the heart in pure autonomic failure. Clin Auton Res. 1991;1:187-194.
37. Meredith IT, Eisenhofer G, Lambert GW, Jennings GL, Esler MD. Plasma noradrenaline responses to head-up tilt are misleading in autonomic failure. Hypertension. 1992;19:628-633.
38. Vaddadi G, Guo L, Esler M, Socratous F, Schlaich M, Chopra R, Eikelis N, Lambert G, Trauer T, Lambert E. Recurrent postural vasovagal syncope: Sympathetic nervous system phenotypes. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol. 2011;4:711-718.
39. Bristow MR, Ginsburg R, Minobe W, Cubicciotti RS, Sageman WS, Lurie K, Billingham ME, Harrison DC, Stinson EB. Decreased catecholamine sensitivity and beta-Adrenergic-receptor density in failing human hearts. N Engl J Med. 1982;307:205-211.
40. Packer M, Bristow MR, Colucci WS, Fowler MB Gilbert EM, Shusterman NH. The effect of carvedilol on morbidity and mortality in patients with chronic heart failure. N Engl J Med. 1996;334:1349-1355.
41. Thomas JA, Marks BH. Plasma norepinephrine in congestive heart failure. Am J Cardiol. 1978;41:233-243.
42. Cohn J, Levine T, Olivari MT, Garberg V, Tura D, Francis GS, Simon AB, Rector T. Plasma norepinephrine as a guide to prognosis in patients with congestive heart failure. N Engl J Med. 1084; 311:819-823.
43. Brunner-La Rocca HP, Esler MD, Jennings GL, Kaye DM. Effect of cardiac sympathetic nervous activity on mode of death in congestive heart failure. Eur Heart J. 2001;22:1136-1143.
44. Jacob G, Ertl AC, Shannon JR, Furlan R, Robertson RM, Robertson D. Effect of standing on neurohumoral responses and plasma volume in healthy subjects. J Appl Physiol (1985). 1998;84:914-921.
45. Mathias CJ, Deguchi K, Schatz I. Observations on recurrent syncope and presyncope in 641 patients. Lancet. 2001;357:348-353.
46. Vaddadi G, Lambert E, Corcoran SJ, Esler MD. Postural syncope: Mechanisms and management. Med J Aust. 2007;187:299-304.
47. Ocon AJ, Medow MS, Taneja I, Clarke D, Stewart JM. Decreased upright cerebral blood flow and cerebral autoregulation in normocapnic postural tachycardia syndrome. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2009;297:H664-H673.
48. Flatmark T. Catecholamine biosynthesis and physiological regulation in neuroendocrine cells. Acta Physiol Scand. 2000;168:1-17.
49. Erickson JD, Schafer MK, Bonner TI, Eiden LE, Weihe E. Distinct pharmacological properties and distribution in neurons and endocrine cells of two isoforms of the human vesicular monoamine transporter. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1996;93:5166-5171.
50. Praefcke GJ, McMahon HT. The dynamin superfamily: Universal membrane tubulation and fission molecules?. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2004;5:133-147.
51. Thompson JM, O'Callaghan CJ, Kingwell BA, Lambert GW, Jennings GL, Esler MD. Total norepinephrine spillover, muscle sympathetic nerve activity and heart-rate spectral analysis in a patient with dopamine beta-hydroxylase deficiency. J Auton Nerv Syst. 1995;55:198-206.
52. Goldstein DS. L-Dihydroxyphenylserine (L-DOPS): A norepinephrine prodrug. Cardiovasc Drug Rev. 2006;24:189-203.
53. Esler M, Lambert E, Schlaich M. Point: Counterpoint. Chronic activation of the sympathetic nervous system is the dominant contributor to systemic hypertension. J Appl Physiol. 2010;109;1996-1998.
54. Julius S, Pascual AV, London R. Role of parasympathetic inhibition in the hyperkinetic type of borderline hypertension. Circulation. 1971;44:413-418.
55. Julius S, Esler M, Randall OS, Ellis C. Neurogenic maintenance of peripheral resistance in borderline hypertension. Acta Physiol Lat Am. 1974;24:425-431.
56. Esler M. Looking at the sympathetic nervous system as a primary source. In: Zanchetti A, Robertson JIS, Birkenhager WH, eds. Handbook of Hypertension: Hypertension Research in the Twentieth Century. Amsterdam, The Netherlands: Elsevier; 2004: 81-103.
57. Grassi G, Seravalle G, Dell'Oro R, Trevano FQ, Bombelli M, Scopelliti F, Facchini A, Mancia G; CROSS Study. Comparative effects of candesartan and hydrochlorothiazide on blood pressure, insulin sensitivity, and sympathetic drive in obese hypertensive individuals: Results of the CROSS study. J Hypertens. 2003;21:1761-1769.
58. Greenwood JP, Stoker JB, Mary DA. Single-unit sympathetic discharge: Quantitative assessment in human hypertensive disease. Circulation. 1999;100:1305-1310.
59. Huggett RJ, Burns J, Mackintosh AF, Mary DA. Sympathetic neural activation in nondiabetic metabolic syndrome and its further augmentation by hypertension. Hypertension. 2004;44:847-852.
60. Esler M, Straznicky N, Eikelis N, Masuo K, Lambert G, Lambert E. Mechanisms of sympathetic activation in obesity-related hypertension. Hypertension. 2006;48:787-796.
61. Julius S, Gudbrandsson T, Jamerson K, Andersson O. The interconnection between sympathetics, microcirculation, and insulin resistance in hypertension. Blood Press. 1992;1:9-19.
62. Hering D, Lambert EA, Marusic P, Walton AS, Krum H, Lambert GW, Esler MD, Schlaich MP. Substantial reduction in single sympathetic nerve firing after renal denervation in patients with resistant hypertension. Hypertension. 2013;61:457-464.
63. Campese VM, Kogosov E. Renal afferent denervation prevents hypertension in rats with chronic renal failure. Hypertension. 1995;25(4 Pt 2):878-882.
64. Mahfoud F, Schlaich M, Kindermann I, Ukena C, Cremers B, Brandt MC, Hoppe UC, Vonend O, Rump LC, Sobotka PA, Krum H, Esler M, Boddddhm M. Effect of renal sympathetic denervation on glucose metabolism in patients with resistant hypertension: A pilot study. Circulation. 2011;123:1940-1946.
65. Laurent S, Schlaich M, Esler M. New drugs, procedures, and devices for hypertension. Lancet. 2012;380:591-600.
66. Smithwick RH, Bush RD, Kinsey D, Whitelaw GP. Hypertension and associated cardiovascular disease; comparison of male and female mortality rates and their influence on selection of therapy. J Am Med Assoc. 1956;160:1023-1026.
67. DiBona GF, Kopp UC. Neural control of renal function. Physiol Rev. 1997;77:75-197.
68. DiBona GF, Esler M. Translational medicine: The antihypertensive effect of renal denervation. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 2010;298:R245-R253.
69. Roman RJ, Cowley AW. Characterisation of a new model for the study of pressure natriuresis in the rat. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 1985; 248:F190-F198.
70. Esler MD, Krum H, Schlaich M, Schmieder RE, Bohm M, Sobotka PA. Renal denervation for treatment of drug-resistant hypertension. One-year results from the Symplicity HTN-2 randomized, controlled trial. Circulation. 2012;126:2976-2982.
71. Krum H, Schlaich MP, Bohm M, Mahfoud F, Rocha-Singh K, Katholi R, Esler MD. Percutaneous renal denervation in patients with treatment-resistant hypertension: Final 3-yer report of the Symplicity HTN-1 study. Lancet 2013;6736:62192-62193.