A 21-Year-Old Student with Fever and Profound Jaundice

PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases

Volumn 8, Issue 1, 2014, Pages 3-

  Isa, Samson Ejiji ^a   Onyedibe, Kenneth Ikenna ^a   Okolo, Mark Ojogba ^a   Abiba, Abiayi Elmina ^b   Mafuka, Johnson Simon ^a   Simji, Gomerep Samuel ^a   Nathan, Shehu Yakubu ^a   Udoh, Ubong Aniefok ^a   Awang, Sati Klein ^a   Egah, Daniel Zanyu ^a   Banwat, Edmond Banle ^a   Newport, Melanie ^c,d   Ahmed, Ahmed ^e  

^a UNIVERSITY OF JOS   (Nigeria)

^b NATIONAL VETERINARY RESEARCH INSTITUTE   (Nigeria)

^c Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals   (United Kingdom)

^d UNIVERSITY OF SUSSEX   (United Kingdom)

^e ROYAL TROPICAL INSTITUTE   (Netherlands)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ALANINE AMINOTRANSFERASE; ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE; ASPARTATE AMINOTRANSFERASE; BILIRUBIN; CEFTRIAXONE; CREATININE; POTASSIUM ION; SODIUM ION; UREA; ANTIINFECTIVE AGENT; BACTERIAL DNA; BACTERIUM ANTIBODY;

ABDOMINAL PAIN; ADULT; ARTICLE; CASE REPORT; DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS; FEVER; HUMAN; JAUNDICE; LEUKOCYTE COUNT; MALE; NEUTROPHILIA; PALPATION; YOUNG ADULT; BLOOD; CHEMISTRY; CLASSIFICATION; DNA SEQUENCE; GENETICS; ISOLATION AND PURIFICATION; LEPTOSPIRA; LEPTOSPIROSIS; MICROBIOLOGY; MOLECULAR GENETICS; PATHOLOGY; STUDENT;

ANTI-BACTERIAL AGENTS; ANTIBODIES, BACTERIAL; DIAGNOSIS, DIFFERENTIAL; DNA, BACTERIAL; FEVER; HUMANS; JAUNDICE; LEPTOSPIRA; LEPTOSPIROSIS; MALE; MOLECULAR SEQUENCE DATA; SEQUENCE ANALYSIS, DNA; STUDENTS; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 84893788714     PISSN: 19352727     EISSN: 19352735     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0002534     Document Type: Article

References (32)

1. Jan ter Meulen (2004) Viral haemorrhagic fevers: Yellow fever, Lassa fever, Rift Valley fever, Ebola Marburg fever and Criman-Congo fever. In: Eldryd P, Richard G, David M, Geoffrey G, editors. Principles of Medicine in Africa. 3rd edition. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 669-671.
2. David WV, Alan B, Tom S (2010) Flaviviruses (Yellow fever, Dengue, Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever, Japanese Encephalitis, West Nile Encephalitis, St. Louis Encephalitis, Tick-Borne Encephalitis). In: Mandell LG, Bennett EJ, Dolin R, editors. Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. 7th edition. Philadelphia: Elsevier. 2144 p.
3. Peters CJ (2010) Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus, and the South American Hemorrhagic Fevers. In: Mandell LG, Bennett EJ, Dolin R, editors. Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. 7th edition. Philadelphia: Elsevier. pp. 3059-3065.
4. Gordon MA, Walsh AL, Chaponda M, Soko D, Mbvwinji M, et al. (2001) Bacteraemia and Mortality among Adult Medical Admissions in Malawi - Predominance of Non-typhi Salmonellae (NTS) and Streptococcus pneumonia. J Infect 42: 44-49.
5. Gedebou M, Tassew A, Azene G, (1984) Blood culture isolates from Addis Ababa hospital- frequency and antibiotic sensitivities. East Afr Med J 61: 190-196.
6. Bruneel F, Hocqueloux I, Alberti C, Wolff M, Chevret S, et al. (2003) The clinical spectrum of severe imported falciparum malaria in the intensive care unit; report of 188 cases in adults. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 167: 684-689.
7. Ladhani S, Lowe B, Cole AB, Kowuondo K, (2002) Newton (2002) Changes in white blood cells and platelets in children with falciparum malaria: Relationship of disease outcome. Br J Haematol 119: 839-847.
8. Alfandari S, Santre C, Chidiac C, Senneville E, Leroy O, et al. (1996) Imported malaria: Presentation and outcome of 111 cases. Clin Microbiol Infect 2: 86-90.
9. Warhurst DC (2010) Amebic infections. In: Cohen J, Powderly WG, Opal SM, et al. Infectious Diseases. 3rd edition. China: Mosby Elsevier. pp. 1148-1153.
10. Anderson DA (2010) Hepatitis E Virus. In: Mandell LG, Bennett EJ, Dolin R, editors. Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. 7th edition. Philadelphia: Elsevier. pp. 2411-2421.
11. Edwards GA, Domm BM, (1966) Leptospirosis II. Med Times 94: 1086-1095.
12. Faine S, Adler B, Bolin C, Perolat P (1999) Leptospira and leptospirosis. 2nd edition. Melbourne, Australia: MedSci. ISBN 0 9586326 0 X.
13. Feigin RD, Anderson DC, (1975) Human leptospirosis. CRC Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci 5: 413-467.
14. Levett PN, Haake DA (2010) Leptospira Species (Leptospirosis). In: Mandell LG, Bennett EJ, Dolin R, editors. Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. 7th edition. Philadelphia: Elsevier. pp. 3059-3065.
15. Vijayachari P, Sugunan AP, Umapathi T, Sehgal SC, (2001) Evaluation of darkground microscopy as a rapid diagnostic procedure in leptospirosis. Indian J Med Res 114: 54-58.
16. Levett PN Leptospira (2007) In: Murray PR, Baron EJ, Jorgensen JH, et al., editors. Manual of Clinical Microbiology. 9th edition. Washington, DC: American Society for Microbiology Press. pp. 963-970.
17. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (1997) Case definitions for infectious conditions under public health surveillance. MMWR Recomm Rep 46 (RR-10) (): 49.
18. Levett PN, (2003) Usefulness of serologic analysis as a predictor of the infecting serovar in patients with severe leptospirosis. Clin Infect Dis 36: 447-452.
19. Levett PN, Branch SL, Whittington CU, Edwards CN, Paxton H, (2001) Two methods for rapid serological diagnosis of acute leptospirosis. Clin Diagn Lab Immunol 8: 349-351.
20. Levett PN, Branch SL, (2002) Evaluation of two enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay methods for detection of immunoglobulin M antibodies in acute leptospirosis. Am J Trop Med Hyg 66: 745-748.
21. World Health Organization/International Leptospirosis Society (2003) Human leptospirosis: Guidance for diagnosis, surveillance and control. Available: http://whqlibdoc.who.int/hq/2003/WHO_CDS_CSR_EPH_2002.23.pdf. Accessed 27 March 2012. ISBN 9241545895.
22. Victoria B, Ahmed A, Zuerner RL, Ahmed N, Bulach Dm, et al. (2008) Conservation of the S10-spc-alpha locus within otherwise highly plastic genomes provides phylogenetic insight into the genus Leptospira. PLoS One 3: e2752 doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0002752.
23. Saitou N, Nei M, (1987) The neighbor-joining method: A new method for reconstructing phylogenetic trees. Mol Biol Evol 4: 406-425.
24. Felsenstein J, (1985) Confidence limits on phylogenies: An approach using the bootstrap. Evolution 39: 783-791.
25. Tamura K, Nei M, Kumar S, (2004) Prospects for inferring very large phylogenies by using the neighbor-joining method. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 101: 11030-11035.
26. Tamura K, Peterson D, Peterson N, Stecher G, Nei M, et al. (2011) MEGA5: Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis using Maximum Likelihood, Evolutionary Distance, and Maximum Parsimony Methods. Mol Biol Evol 28: 2731-2739.
27. Friedland JS, Warrell DA, (1991) The Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction in leptospirosis: Possible pathogenesis and review. Rev Infect Dis 13: 207-210.
28. Hartskeerl RA, Collares-Pereira M, Ellis WA, (2011) Emergence, control and re-emerging leptospirosis: dynamics of infection in the changing world. Clin Microbiol Infect 17: 494-501.
29. Baranton G, Old IG, (1995) The Spirochaetes: a different way of life. Bulletin de l'Institut Pasteur 93: 63-95.
30. Adler B, de la Pena Moctezuma A, (2009) Leptospira and leptospirosis. Vet Microbiol 140: 287-296.
31. Levett PN, (2001) Leptospirosis. Clin Microbiol Rev 14: 296-326 doi:10.1128/CMR.14.2.296-326.2001.
32. Forbes AE, Zochowski WJ, Dubrey SW, Sivaprakasam V, (2012) Leptospirosis and Weil's disease in the UK. QJM 105: 1151-1162.