Hepatitis B in pregnancy: A concise review of neonatal vertical transmission and antiviral prophylaxis

Annals of Hepatology

Volumn 13, Issue 2, 2014, Pages 187-195

  Wong, Frank ^a   Pai, Rohit ^a   Van Schalkwyk, Julie ^a   Yoshida, Eric M ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA   (Canada)

Author keywords

HBIG; Lamivudine; Telbivudine; Tenofovir; Vaccine

Indexed keywords

HEPATITIS B ANTIBODY; HEPATITIS B VACCINE; HEPATITIS B(E) ANTIGEN; LAMIVUDINE; TELBIVUDINE; TENOFOVIR; VIRUS DNA;

ANTIVIRAL THERAPY; BREAST FEEDING; DRUG SAFETY; DRUG TREATMENT FAILURE; GENOTYPE; HEPATITIS B; HUMAN; IMMUNIZATION; IMMUNOPROPHYLAXIS; INFECTION RISK; NEWBORN; PREGNANCY; PREMATURE LABOR; REVIEW; RISK FACTOR; THIRD TRIMESTER PREGNANCY; TIME TO TREATMENT; VERTICAL TRANSMISSION; VIRUS CARRIER; VIRUS LOAD;

ANTIVIRAL AGENTS; FEMALE; HEPATITIS B; HEPATITIS B E ANTIGENS; HEPATITIS B VIRUS; HUMANS; INFECTIOUS DISEASE TRANSMISSION, VERTICAL; PREGNANCY; PREGNANCY COMPLICATIONS, INFECTIOUS; RISK FACTORS; VIRAL LOAD; VIRAL VACCINES;

EID: 84893698327     PISSN: 16652681     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/s1665-2681(19)30881-6     Document Type: Review

References (60)

1. Shao Z, Zhang L, Xu J, Xu D, Men K, Zhang J, Cui H, et al. Mother-to-infant transmission of hepatitis B virus: a Chinese experience. J Med Virol 2011; 83: 791-5.
2. Zhu Y, Mao Y, Wu W, Cai Q, Lin X. Does hepatitis B virus prenatal transmission result in postnatal immunoprophylaxis failure? Clin Vaccine Immunol 2010; 17: 1836-41.
3. Yao J. Perinatal transmission of hepatitis B virus infection and vaccination in China. Gut 1996; 38: S37-S38.
4. Canadian Public Health Agency. [Internet]. [Place unknown]: Canadian Public Health Agency; 2010 [cited 2010 Sept 21]. Available from: http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/hcai-iamss/bbp-pts/hepatitis/hep_b-eng.php.
5. Lok A, McMahon B. Chronic hepatitis B: AASLD guidelines. Hepatology 2001; 34: 1225-41.
6. Hyams K. Risks of chronicity following acute hepatitis B virus infection: a review. Clin Infect Dis 1995; 20: 992-1000.
7. Szmuness W, Stevens CE, Harley E, Zang E, Oleszko W, William D, Sadovsky R, et al. Hepatitis B vaccine: demonstration of efficacy in a controlled clinical trial in a highrisk population in the United States. N Engl J Med 1980; 303: 833-41.
8. Francis D, Hadler S, Thompson S, Maynard J, Ostrow D, Altman N, Braff E, et al. The prevention of hepatitis B with vaccine. Report of the Centre for Disease Control multicenter efficacy trial among homosexual men. Ann Intern Med 1982; 97: 362-66
9. Lin H, Lee T, Chen D, Sung J, Ohto H, Etoh T, Kawana T, et al. Transplacental leakage of HBeAg-positive maternal blood as the most likely route in causing intrauterine infection with hepatitis B virus. J Pediatr 1987; 111: 877-81.
10. Yan Y, Xu D, Wang W. The role of placenta in hepatitis B virus intrauterine transmission. Zhonghua Fu Chan Ke Za Zhi 1999; 34: 392-5.
11. Xu D, Yan Y, Choi B, Xu J, Men K, Zhang J, Liu Z, et al. Risk factors and mechanism of transplacental transmission of hepatitis B virus: a case-control study. J Med Virol 2002; 67: 20-6.
12. del Canho R, Grosheide P, Schalm S, de Vries R, Heijtink R. Failure of neonatal hepatitis B vaccination: the role HBV-DNA levels in hepatitis B carrier mothers and HLA antigens in neonates. J Hepatol 1994; 20: 483-6.
13. Lee S, Lo K, Tsai Y, Wu J, Wu T, Yang Z, Ng H. Role of caesarean section in prevention of mother-infant transmission of hepatitis B virus. Lancet 1988; 2: 833-4.
14. Wang J, Zhu Q, Zhang X. Effect of delivery mode on maternal-infant transmission of hepatitis B virus by immunoprophylaxis. Chin Med J 2002; 115: 1510-12.
15. Song Y, Sung J, Yang S, Choe Y, Chang T, Park W. Factors associated with immunoprophylaxis failure against vertical transmission of hepatitis B virus. Eur J Pediatr 2007; 166: 813-18.
16. Linnemann C Jr, Goldberg S. HBAg in breast milk. Lancet 1974; 2: 155.
17. Mitsuda T, Yokota S, Mori T, Ibe M, Ookawa N, Shimizu H, Aihara Y, et al. Demonstration of mother-to-infant transmission of hepatitis B virus by means of polymerase chain reaction. Lancet 1989; 2: 886-68.
18. Beasley R, Stevens C, Shiao I, Meng H. Evidence against breastfeeding as a mechanism for vertical transmission of hepatitis B. Lancet 1975; 2: 740-1.
19. Pol S, Corouge M, Fontaine H. Hepatitis B virus infection and pregnancy. Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol 2011; 35: 618-22.
20. Chen Z, Chen J, Wen J, Xu C, Zhang S, Zhou Y, Hu Y. Breast feeding is not a risk factor for mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis B virus. PLoS One 2013; 8: e55303.
21. Zheng Y, Lu Y, Ye Q, Xia Y, Zhou Y, Yao Q, Wei S. Should chronic hepatitis B mothers breastfeed: a meta analysis. BMC Public Health 2011; 11: 502.
22. Dwivedi M, Misra S, Misra V, Pandey A, Pant S, Singh R, Verma M. Seroprevalence of hepatitis B infection during pregnancy and risk of perinatal transmission. Indian J Gastroenterol 2011; 30: 66-71.
23. Singh A, Plitt S, Osiowy C, Surynicz K, Kouadjo E, Preiksaitis J, Lee B. Factors associated with vaccine failure and vertical transmission of hepatitis B among a cohort of Canadian mothers and infants. J Viral Hepat 2011; 18: 468-73.
24. Burk R, Hwang L, Ho G, Shafritz D, Beasley R. Outcome of Perinatal Hepatitis B Virus Exposure Is Dependent on Maternal Virus Load. J Infect Dis 1994; 170: 1418-23.
25. Wiseman E, Fraser M, Holden S, Glass A, Kidson B, Heron L, Maley M, et al. Perinatal transmission of hepatitis B virus: an Australian experience. Med J Aust 2009; 190: 489-92.
26. Pande C, Sarin SK, Patra S, Bhutia K, Mishra S, Pahuja S, Jain M, et al. Prevalence, Risk factors and virological profile of chronic hepatitis B virus infection in pregnant women in India. J Med Virol 2011; 83: 962-7.
27. Ngui SL, Andrews NJ, Underhill GS, Heptonstall J, Teo C. Failed postnatal immunoprophylaxis for hepatitis B: characteristics of maternal hepatitis B virus as risk factors. Clin Infect Dis 1998; 27: 100-6.
28. Elefsiniotis I, Tsoumakas K, Papadakis M, Vlachos G, Saroglou G, Antsaklis A. Importance of maternal and cord blood viremia in pregnant women with chronic hepatitis B virus infection. Eur J Intern Med 2011; 22: 182-6.
29. Lopez M, Coll O. Chronic viral infections and invasive procedures: risk of vertical transmission and current recommendations. Fetal Diagn Ther 2010; 28: 1-8.
30. Nair PV, Weissman JY, Tong MJ, Thursby M, Paul R, Henneman C. Efficacy of hepatitis B immune globulin in prevention of perinatal transmission of the hepatitis B virus. Gastroenterology 1984; 87: 293-8.
31. Lee C, Gong Y, Brok J, Boxall E, Gluud C. Effect of hepatitis B immunization in newborn infants of mothers positive for hepatitis B surface antigen: systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ 2006; 332: 328-36.
32. Shi Z, Li X, Ma L, Yang Y. Hepatitis B immunoglobulin injection in pregnancy to interrupt hepatitis B virus motherto-child transmission-a meta-analysis. Int J Infect Dis 2010; 14: e622-e634.
33. Zanetti A, Van Damme P, Shouval D. The global impact of vaccination against hepatitis B: A historical overview. Vaccine 2008; 28: 6266-73.
34. Chen D. Hepatitis B vaccination: The key towards elimination and eradication of hepatitis B. J Hepatol 2009; 50: 805-16.
35. Wu J, Hwang L, Goodman K, Beasley R. Hepatitis B vaccination in high-risk infants: 10 year follow-up. J Infect Dis 1999; 179: 1319-25.
36. del Canho R, Grosheide P, Mazel J, Heijtink R, Hop W, Gerards L, de Gast G, et al. Ten-year neonatal hepatitis B vaccination program, The Netherlands, 1982-1992: protective efficacy and long-term immunogenicity. Vaccine 1997; 15: 1624-30.
37. Shi Z, Yang Y, Ma L, Li X, Schreiber A. Lamivudine in late pregnancy to interrupt in utero transmission of hepatitis B virus: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Obstet Gynecol 2010; 116: 147-59.
38. Ma J, Bai G, Feng L. Study on hepatitis B virus infection status in placentas of hepatitis B surface antigen positive pregnant women during middle and late period of pregnancy. Zhonghua Fu Chan Ke Za Zhi 2000; 35: 654-6.
39. Brown R, Verna E, Pereira M, Tilson H, Aguilar C, Leu C, Buti M, et al. Hepatitis B virus and human immunodeficiency virus drugs in pregnancy: findings from the antiretroviral pregnancy registry. J Hepatol 2012; 57: 953-9.
40. Polthoff A, Rifa K, Wedemyer H, Deterding K, Manns M, Strassburg C. Successful treatment of fulminant hepatitis B during pregnancy. Z Gastroenterol 2009; 47: 667-70.
41. Hung J, Chu CJ, Sung PL, Chen C, Chao K, Yang M, Hung S. Lamivudine therapy in the treatment of chronic hepatitis B with acute exacerbation during pregnancy. J Chin Med Assoc 2008; 71: 155-8.
42. Koh M, Shinohara J, Hongo Y, Okazaki T, Takitani K, Tamai H. Case treated with triple therapy of lamivudine, interferon-β and prednisolone for acute exacerbation of chronic hepatitis B during pregnancy. Hepatol Res 2013; 43: 425-59.
43. Singhal A, Kanagala R, Jalil S, Wright H, Kohli V. Chronic HBV with pregnancy: reactivation flare causing fulminant hepatic failure. Ann Hepatol 2011; 10: 233-6.
44. Kim H, Choi J, Park C, Jang J, Kim C, Bae S, Yoon S, et al. Outcomes after discontinuing antiviral agents during pregnancy in chronic infection with hepatitis B virus. J Clin Virol 2013; 56: 299-305.
45. Tagawa H, Suzuki K, Oh S, Kawano M, Fujita A, Yasuhi Y. Influence of pregnancy on HB virus carriers. Nihon Sanka Fujinka Gakkai Zasshi 1987; 39: 24-30.
46. Content and Format of Labeling for Human Prescription Drug and Biological Products; Requirements for Pregnancy and Lactation Labeling. Federal Register 2008; 73: 30831-68.
47. Xu W, Cui Y, Wang L, Yang H, Liang Z, Li X, Zhang S, et al. Lamivudine in late pregnancy to prevent perinatal transmission of hepatitis B virus infection: a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. J Viral Hepat 2009; 16: 94-103.
48. Han L, Zhang H, Xie J, Zhang Q, Want H, Cao G. A metaanalysis of lamivudine for interruption of mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis B virus. World J Gastroenterol 2011; 17: 4321-33.
49. Yi W, Liu M, Cai H. Safety of lamivudine treatment for chronic hepatitis B in early pregnancy. World J Gastroenterol 2012; 18: 6645-50.
50. Lai C, Dienstag J, Schiff E, Leung N, Atkins M, Hunt C, Brown N, et al. Prevalence and clinical correlates of YMDD variants during lamivudine therapy for patients with chronic hepatitis B. Clin Infect Dis 2003; 36: 687-96.
51. Lee Y, Suh D, Lim Y, Jung S, Kim K, Lee H, Chung Y, et al. Increased risk of adefovir resistance in patients with lamivudine-resistant chronic hepatitis B after 48 weeks of adefovir dipivoxil monotherapy. Hepatology 2006; 43: 1385-91.
52. Sherman M, Shafran S, Burak K, Doucette K, Wong W, Gigrah N, Yoshida E, et al. Management of chronic hepatitis B: consensus guidelines. Can J Gastrolenterol 2007; 21(Suppl. C): 5C-24C.
53. Lai C, Leung N, Teo E, Tong M, Wong F, Hann H, Han S, et al. A 1-year trial of telbivudine, lamivudine, and the combination in patients with hepatitis B e antigen-positive chronic hepatitis B. Gastroenterology 2005; 129: 528-36.
54. Liaw Y, Gane E, Leung N, Zeuzem S, Wang Y, Lai C, Heathcote E, et al. Two year GLOBE trial results: telbivudine is superior to lamivudine. Gastroenterology 2009; 136: 486-95.
55. Deng M, Zhou X, Gao S, Yang S, Wang B, Chen H, Ruan B. The effects of telbivudine in late pregnancy to prevent intrauterine transmission of the hepatitis B virus: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Virol J 2012; 9: 185.
56. Marcellin P, Heathcote EJ, Buti M, Gane E, de Man R, Krastev Z, Germanidis G, et al. Tenofovir disoproxil fumerate versus adefovir dipivoxil for chronic hepatitis B. N Engl J Med 2008; 359: 2442-55.
57. Kitrinos K, Corsa A, Liu Y, Flaherty J, Snow-Lampart A, Marcellin P, Borroto-Esoda K, et al. No detectable resistance to tenofovir disoproxil fumerate after 6 years of therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis B. Hepatology 2013; doi: 10.1002/hep.26686 [epub ahead of print].
58. Nurutdinova D, Overton E. A review of nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor use to prevent perinatal transmission of HIV. Expert Opin Drug Saf 2009; 8: 683-94.
59. Gibb D, Kizito H, Russell E, Chidziva E, Zalwango E, Nalumeya R, Spyer M, et al. Pregnancy and infant outcome among HIV-infected women taking long-term ART with and without tenofovir in the DART trial. PLoS Med 2012; 9: e1001217.
60. Pan C, Mi L, Bunchorntavakul C, Karsdon J, Huang W, Singhvi G, Ghany M, et al. Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate for Prevention of Vertical Transmission of Hepatitis B Virus Infection by Highly Viremic Pregnant Women: A Case Series. Dig Dis Sci 2012; 57: 2423-9.