Where are we now with bilirubin as a marker of vascular risk?

Angiology

Volumn 65, Issue 3, 2014, Pages 177-179

  Breimer, Lars H ^a  

^a ÖREBRO UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL   (Sweden)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ALBUMIN; BILIRUBIN; BIOLOGICAL MARKER; CARBON MONOXIDE; FREE RADICAL; HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COENZYME A REDUCTASE INHIBITOR; LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN; REACTIVE OXYGEN METABOLITE; SUPEROXIDE;

ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; BRAIN HEMORRHAGE; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; DATA BASE; DEATH; EDITORIAL; FENTON REACTION; FOLLOW UP; HEART INFARCTION; HUMAN; ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE; MORTALITY; OXIDATION;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; BILIRUBIN; BIOLOGICAL MARKERS; CHILD; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; RISK FACTORS; VASCULAR DISEASES;

EID: 84893570704     PISSN: 00033197     EISSN: 19401574     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/0003319713482747     Document Type: Editorial

References (25)

1. Breimer LH. Molecular mechanisms of oxygen radical carcinogenesis and mutagenesis: the role of DNA base damage. Mol Carcinog. 1990 ; 3 (4). 188-197
2. Barnes DE, Lindahl T. Repair and genetic consequences of endogenous DNA base damage in mammalian cells. Annu Rev Genet. 2004 ; 38: 445-476
3. Ohnaka K, Kono S. Bilirubin, cardiovascular diseases and cancer: epidemiological perspectives. Expert Rev Endocrinol Metab. 2010 ; 5 (6). 891-904
4. Breimer LH, Mikhailidis DP. Is bilirubin a marker of vascular disease and/or cancer and is it a potential therapeutic target?. Curr Pharm Des. 2011 ; 17 (33). 3644-3655
5. Breimer LH. Does bilirubin act as a free radical quencher of clinical significance in neonates and children?. J Pediatr Biochem. 2010 ; 1 (1). 29-37
6. McCord JM, Fridovich I. Superoxide dismutase: the first twenty years (1968-1988). Free Radic Biol Med. 1988 ; 5 (5-6). 363-369
7. Karlsson K, Marklund SL. Extracellular superoxide dismutase in the vascular system of mammals. Biochem J. 1988 ; 255 (1). 223-228
8. Frei B, Stocker R, Ames BN. Antioxidant defenses and lipid peroxidation in human blood plasma. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1988 ; 85 (24). 9748-9752
9. Steinberg D, Parthasarathy S, Carew TE, Khoo JC, Witztum JL. Beyond cholesterol: modifications of low-density lipoprotein that increase its atherogenicity. N Engl J Med. 1989 ; 320 (14). 915-924
10. Stocker R, Yamamoto Y, McDonagh AF, Glazer AN, Ames BN. Bilirubin is an antioxidant of possible physiological importance. Science. 1987 ; 235 (4792). 1043-1046
11. Horsfall LJ, Nazareth I, Petersen I. Cardiovascular events as a function of serum bilirubin levels in a large statin-treated cohort. Circulation. 2012 ; 126 (22). 2556-2564
12. Chan KH, O'Connell R, Sullivan DR, et al. Plasma total bilirubin levels predict amputation events in type 2 diabetes mellitus: the Fenofibrate Intervention and Event Lowering in Diabetes (FIELD) study [published online January 17, 2013]. Diabetologia. 2013 ;:
13. Breimer LH, Wannamethee G, Ebrahim S, Shaper AG. Serum bilirubin and risk of ischemic heart disease in middle-aged British men. Clin Chem. 1995 ; 41 (10). 1504-1508
14. Fulks M, Stout RL, Dolan VF. Mortality associated with bilirubin levels in insurance applicants. J Insur Med. 2009 ; 41 (1). 49-53
15. Fulks M, Stout RL, Dolan VF. Albumin and all-cause mortality risk in insurance applicants. J Insur Med. 2010 ; 42 (1). 11-17
16. Halliwell B. Albumin - an important extracellular antioxidant?. Biochem Pharmacol. 1988 ; 37 (4). 569-571
17. Mikhailidis DP, Ganotakis ES. Plasma albumin and platelet function: relevance to atherogenesis and thrombosis. Platelets. 1996 ; 7 (3). 125-137
18. Ganotakis ES, Vrentzos GE, Gazi IF, et al. Fibrinogen, lipoprotein (a), albumin and bilirubin (F-L-A-B) levels and cardiovascular risk calculated using the Framingham equation. In Vivo. 2007 ; 21 (4). 685-694
19. Kronenberg F. Association of bilirubin with cardiovascular outcomes: more hype than substance?. Circ Cardiovasc Genet. 2010 ; 3 (4). 308-310
20. Breimer LH, Mikhailidis DP. Could carbon monoxide and bilirubin be friends as well as foes of the body?. Scand J Clin Lab Invest. 2010 ; 70 (1). 1-5
21. Katsiki N, Karagiannis A, Mikhailidis DP. Diabetes, bilirubin and amputations: is there a link? [published online January 27, 2013]. Diabetologia. 2013 ;:
22. Ames BN, Cathcart R, Schwiers E, Hochstein P. Uric acid provides an antioxidant defense in humans against oxidant- and radical-caused aging and cancer: a hypothesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1981 ; 78 (11). 6858-6862
23. Katsiki N, Karagiannis A, Athyros VG, Mikhailidis DP. Hyperuricaemia: more than just a cause of gout? [published online October 1, 2012]. J Cardiovasc Med (Hagerstown). 2012 ;:
24. Temme EH, Zhang J, Schouten EG, Kesteloot H. Serum bilirubin and 10-year mortality risk in a Belgian population. Cancer Causes Control. 2001 ; 12 (10). 887-894
25. Theobald H, Bygren LO, Carstensen J, Hauffman M, Engfeldt P. Effects of an assessment of needs for medical and social services on long-term mortality: a randomized controlled study. Int J Epidemiol. 1998 ; 27 (2). 194-198