Low driving voltage blue, green, yellow, red and white organic light-emitting diodes with a simply double light-emitting structure

Optics Express

Volumn 22, Issue 2, 2014, Pages 1815-1823

  Zhang, Zhensong ^a   Yue, Shouzhen ^a   Wu, Yukun ^a   Yan, Pingrui ^a   Wu, Qingyang ^a   Qu, Dalong ^a   Liu, Shiyong ^a   Zhao, Yi ^a  

^a JILIN UNIVERSITY   (China)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

DOUBLE EMITTING LAYERS; LIGHT-EMITTING STRUCTURES; LOW DRIVING VOLTAGE; N-DOPING; PHOSPHORESCENT ORGANIC LIGHT-EMITTING DIODES; WHITE OLED; WHITE ORGANIC LIGHT EMITTING DIODES;

OPTICAL CONSTANTS; OPTICS;

ORGANIC LIGHT EMITTING DIODES (OLED);

EID: 84893421222     PISSN: None     EISSN: 10944087     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1364/OE.22.001815     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (33)

1. Y. Ma, H. Zhang, J. Shen, and C. Che, "Electroluminescence from triplet metal-ligand charge-transfer excited state of transition metal complexes," Synth. Met. 94(3), 245-248 (1998).
2. M. A. Baldo, D. F. O'Brien, Y. You, A. Shoustikov, S. Sibley, M. E. Thompson, and S. R. Forrest, "Highly efficient phosphorescent emission from organic electroluminescent devices," Nature 395(6698), 151-154 (1998).
3. S. Reineke, F. Lindner, G. Schwartz, N. Seidler, K. Walzer, B. Lüssem, and K. Leo, "White organic lightemitting diodes with fluorescent tube efficiency," Nature 459(7244), 234-238 (2009).
4. B. W. D'Andrade, R. J. Holmes, and S. R. Forrest, "Efficient organic electrophosphorescent white-light-emitting device with a triple doped emissive layer," Adv. Mater. 16(7), 624-628 (2004).
5. M. Pfeiffer, S. R. Forrest, K. Leo, and M. E. Thompson, "Electrophosphorescent pin organic light-emitting devices for very-high-efficiency flat-panel displays," Adv. Mater. 14(22), 1633-1636 (2002).
6. B. W. D'Andrade and S. R. Forrest, "White organic light-emitting devices for solid-state lighting," Adv. Mater. 16(18), 1585-1595 (2004).
7. J. S. Swensen, E. Polikarpov, A. Von Ruden, L. Wang, L. S. Sapochak, and A. B. Padmaperuma, "Improved efficiency in blue phosphorescent organic light-emitting devices using host materials of lower triplet energy than the phosphorescent blue emitter," Adv. Funct. Mater. 21(17), 3250-3258 (2011).
8. R. Meerheim, K. Walzer, M. Pfeiffer, and K. Leo, "Ultrastable and efficient red organic light emitting diodes with doped transport layers," Appl. Phys. Lett. 89(6), 061111 (2006).
9. C. W. Seo and J. Y. Lee, "High efficiency in two color and three color phosphorescent white organic lightemitting diodes using a 2,7-substituted 9-phenylcarbazole derivative as the host material," Org. Electron. 12(9), 1459-1464 (2011).
10. J. Lee, J. I. Lee, K. I. Song, S. J. Lee, and H. Y. Chu, "Effects of interlayers on phosphorescent blue organic light-emitting diodes," Appl. Phys. Lett. 92(20), 203305 (2008).
11. Q. Wang and D. Ma, "Management of charges and excitons for high-performance white organic light-emitting diodes," Chem. Soc. Rev. 39(7), 2387-2398 (2010).
12. D. Hu, F. Shen, H. Liu, P. Lu, Y. Lv, D. Liu, and Y. Ma, "Separation of electrical and optical energy gaps for constructing bipolar organic wide bandgap materials," Chem. Commun. 48(24), 3015-3017 (2012).
13. C. Han, Z. Zhang, H. Xu, S. Yue, J. Li, P. Yan, Z. Deng, Y. Zhao, P. Yan, and S. Liu, "Short-axis substitution approach selectively optimizes electrical properties of dibenzothiophene-based phosphine oxide hosts," J. Am. Chem. Soc. 134(46), 19179-19188 (2012).
14. C. Han, Z. Zhang, H. Xu, G. Xie, J. Li, Y. Zhao, Z. Deng, S. Liu, and P. Yan, "Convergent modulation of singlet and triplet excited states of phosphine-oxide hosts through the management of molecular structure and functional-group linkages for low-voltage-driven electrophosphorescence," Chemistry 19(1), 141-154 (2013).
15. C. Han, Z. Zhang, H. Xu, J. Li, Y. Zhao, P. Yan, and S. Liu, "Elevating the triplet energy levels of dibenzofuranbased ambipolar phosphine oxide hosts for ultralow-voltage-driven efficient blue electrophosphorescence: From D-A to D-π-A systems," Chemistry 19(4), 1385-1396 (2013).
16. H. Fukagawa, K. Watanabe, T. Tsuzuki, and S. Tokito, "Highly efficient, deep-blue phosphorescent organic light emitting diodes with a double-emitting layer structure," Appl. Phys. Lett. 93(13), 133312 (2008).
17. J. H. Lee, C. L. Huang, C. H. Hsiao, M. K. Leung, C. C. Yang, and C. C. Chao, "Blue phosphorescent organic light-emitting device with double emitting layer," Appl. Phys. Lett. 94(22), 223301 (2009).
18. X. Zhou, D. Qin, M. Pfeiffer, J. Blochwitz-Nimoth, A. Werner, J. Drechsel, B. Maennig, K. Leo, M. Bold, P. Erk, and H. Hartmann, "High-efficiency electrophosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes with double lightemitting layers," Appl. Phys. Lett. 81(21), 4070 (2002).
19. S. J. Su, H. Sasabe, Y. J. Pu, K. I. Nakayama, and J. Kido, "Tuning energy levels of electron-transport materials by nitrogen orientation for electrophosphorescent devices with an 'ideal' operating voltage," Adv. Mater. 22(30), 3311-3316 (2010).
20. M. Thomschke, S. Reineke, B. Lüssem, and K. Leo, "Highly efficient white top-emitting organic light-emitting diodes comprising laminated microlens films," Nano Lett. 12(1), 424-428 (2012).
21. W. H. Koo, S. M. Jeong, F. Araoka, K. Ishikawa, S. Nishimura, T. Toyooka, and H. Takezoe, "Light extraction from organic light-emitting diodes enhanced by spontaneously formed buckles," Nat. Photonics 4(4), 222-226 (2010).
22. D. P.-K. Tsang, M.-Y. Chan, A. Y.-Y. Tam, and V. W.-W. Yam, "Host engineering for improving the performance of blue phosphorescent organic light-emitting devices," Org. Electron. 12(7), 1114-1119 (2011).
23. G. Xie, Z. Zhang, Q. Xue, S. Zhang, Y. Luo, L. Zhao, Q. Wu, P. Chen, B. Quan, Y. Zhao, and S. Liu, "Tailoring the efficiencies and spectra of white organic light-emitting diodes with the interlayers," J. Phys. Chem. C 115(1), 264-269 (2011).
24. X. Qiao, J. Chen, X. Li, and D. Ma, "Observation of hole hopping via dopant in MoOx-doped organic semiconductors: Mechanism analysis and application for high performance organic light-emitting devices," J. Appl. Phys. 107(10), 104505 (2010).
25. Y. Li, D. Zhang, L. Duan, R. Zhang, L. Wang, and Y. Qiu, "Elucidation of the electron injection mechanism of evaporated cesium carbonate cathode interlayer for organic light-emitting diodes," Appl. Phys. Lett. 90(1), 012119 (2007).
26. N. Giebink and S. R. Forrest, "Quantum efficiency roll-off at high brightness in fluorescent and phosphorescent organic light emitting diodes," Phys. Rev. B 77(23), 235215 (2008).
27. S. Reineke, K. Walzer, and K. Leo, "Triplet-exciton quenching in organic phosphorescent light-emitting diodes with Ir-based emitters," Phys. Rev. B 75(12), 125328 (2007).
28. G. Schwartz, M. Pfeiffer, S. Reineke, K. Walzer, and K. Leo, "Harvesting triplet excitons from fluorescent blue emitters in white organic light emitting diodes," Adv. Mater. 19(21), 3672-3676 (2007).
29. G. Schwartz, K. Fehse, M. Pfeiffer, K. Walzer, and K. Leo, "Highly efficient white organic light emitting diodes comprising an interlayer to separate fluorescent and phosphorescent regions," Appl. Phys. Lett. 89(8), 083509 (2006).
30. C.-L. Ho, M.-F. Lin, W.-Y. Wong, W.-K. Wong, and C. H. Chen, "High-efficiency and color-stable white organic light-emitting devices based on sky blue electrofluorescence and orange electrophosphorescence," Appl. Phys. Lett. 92(8), 083301 (2008).
31. R.-J. Wang, D. Liu, H.-C. Ren, T. Zhang, H.-M. Yin, G.-Y. Liu, and J.-Y. Li, "Highly efficient orange and white organic light-emitting diodes based on new orange iridium complexes," Adv. Mater. 23(25), 2823-2827 (2011).
32. B. W. D'Andrade, J. Esler, C. Lin, V. Adamovich, S. Xia, M. S. Weaver, R. Kwong, and J. J. Brown, "Realizing white phosphorescent 100 lm/W OLED efficacy," Proc. SPIE 7051, 70510Q (2008).
33. C. Han, G. Xie, H. Xu, Z. Zhang, L. Xie, Y. Zhao, S. Liu, and W. Huang, "A single phosphine oxide host for high-efficiency white organic light-emitting diodes with extremely low operating voltages and reduced efficiency roll-off," Adv. Mater. 23(21), 2491-2496 (2011).