Stress in multiple sclerosis: Review of new developments and future directions

Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports

Volumn 13, Issue 11, 2013, Pages

  Lovera, Jesus ^a   Reza, Tara ^b  

^a LOUISIANA STATE UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^b University of Southern California   (United States)

Author keywords

Cognitive behavioral therapy; Future directions; Gadolinium enhancing lesions; Glucocorticoids; Glucocorticoids resistance; Hypothalamus pituitaryadrenal axis; MRI; Multiple sclerosis; New developments; Stress psychological; Stress reduction therapy

Indexed keywords

BRAIN ATROPHY; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; DISEASE COURSE; DISEASE SEVERITY; HUMAN; MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS; NONHUMAN; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; PERCEIVED STRESS SCALE; REVIEW; RISK ASSESSMENT; STRESS; STRESS MANAGEMENT; STRESS MANAGEMENT THERAPY; TREATMENT OUTCOME; ANIMAL; FORECASTING; MENTAL STRESS; PSYCHOLOGY; PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECT;

ANIMALS; DISEASE PROGRESSION; FORECASTING; HUMANS; MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS; STRESS, PSYCHOLOGICAL;

EID: 84893151316     PISSN: 15284042     EISSN: 15346293     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s11910-013-0398-4     Document Type: Review

References (36)

1. Artemiadis AK, Anagnostouli MC, Alexopoulos EC. Stress as a risk factor for multiple sclerosis onset or relapse: A systematic review. Neuroepidemiology. 2011;36(2):109-20. Most recent meta-analysis examining the association of stress with MS onset and relapses.
2. Mitsonis CI et al. The effects of stressful life events on the course of multiple sclerosis: A review. Int J Neurosci. 2009;119(3):315-35.
3. Mohr DC. Stress and multiple sclerosis. J Neurol. 2007;254 Suppl 2:65-8. An excellent earlier review and meta-analysis.
4. Chrousos GP. Stress and disorders of the stress system. Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2009;5(7):374-81. A general review of stress and its biological mechanisms.
5. Levine S, Sowinski R. The role of the adrenal in relapses of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med. 1975;149(4):1032-5.
6. Morale C et al. Stress, glucocorticoids and the susceptibility to develop autoimmune disorders of the central nervous system. Neurol Sci. 2001;22:159-62. (Pubitemid 33771283)
7. Harpaz I et al. Chronic exposure to stress predisposes to higher autoimmune susceptibility in C57BL/6 mice: glucocorticoids as a double-edged sword. Eur J Immunol. 2012;43(3):758-69.
8. Johnson RR et al. Social stress alters the severity and onset of the chronic phase of Theiler's virus infection. J Neuroimmunol. 2006;175(1-2):39-51.
9. Kuroda Y, Mori T, Hori T. Restraint stress suppresses experimental allergic encephalomyelitis in Lewis rats. Brain Res Bull. 1994;34:15-7. (Pubitemid 24099720)
10. Correa SG et al. Chronic varied stress modulates experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in Wistar rats. Brain Behav Immun. 1998;12:134-48. (Pubitemid 28368006)
11. Bukilica M et al. Stress-induced suppression of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis in the rat. Int J Neurosci. 1991;59(1-3):167-75.
12. Perez-Nievas BG et al. Chronic immobilisation stress ameliorates clinical score and neuroinflammation in a MOG-induced EAE in Dark Agouti rats: mechanisms implicated. J Neuroinflammation. 2010;7:60.
13. Levine S, Saltzman A. Nonspecific stress prevents relapses of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis in rats. Brain Behav Immun. 1987;1(4):336-41.
14. Whitacre CC, Dowdell K, Griffin AC. Neuroendocrine influences on experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1998;840:705-16. (Pubitemid 28302096)
15. Lehman KA et al. Development of the brief inventory of perceived stress. J Clin Psychol. 2012;68(6):631-44. This inventory is a useful tool for studies evaluating the effects of stress.
16. Cohen S, Kamarck T, Mermelstein R. A global measure of perceived stress. J Health Soc Behav. 1983;24(4):385-96.
17. Levenstein S et al.Development of the Perceived StressQuestionnaire: A new tool for psychosomatic research. J Psychosom Res. 1993;37(1): 19-32. (Pubitemid 23040175)
18. Fletcher RR, et al. Wearable wireless sensor platform for studying autonomic activity and social behavior in non-human primates. Conf Proc IEEE EngMed Biol Soc. 2012: 4046-9. A study along the lines of [36] but using the real-time monitoring described in this study would be very informative.
19. Ackerman KD et al. Robert Ader New Investigator Award. Relationship of cardiovascular reactivity, stressful life events, and multiple sclerosis disease activity. Brain Behav Immun. 2003;17(3): 141-51. Important study that goes beyond self-report stress measures and examines autonomic responses to stress in people with MS. (Pubitemid 36434363)
20. Warren S, Greenhill S, Warren KG. Emotional stress and the development of multiple sclerosis: case-control evidence of a relationship. J Chronic Dis. 1982;35(11):821-31. (Pubitemid 13253709)
21. Grant I et al. Severely threatening events and marked life difficulties preceding onset or exacerbation of multiple sclerosis. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1989;52(1):8-13. (Pubitemid 19043862)
22. Li J et al. The risk of multiple sclerosis in bereaved parents: A nationwide cohort study in Denmark. Neurology. 2004;62(5):726-9. (Pubitemid 38298947)
23. Riise T et al. Stress and the risk of multiple sclerosis. Neurology. 2011;76(22):1866-71.
24. Mohr DC et al. Association between stressful life events and exacerbation in multiple sclerosis: A meta-analysis. BMJ. 2004;328(7442):731.
25. Nisipeanu P, Korczyn AD. Psychological stress as risk factor for exacerbations in multiple sclerosis. Neurology. 1993;43(7):1311-2. (Pubitemid 23213800)
26. Buljevac D et al. Self reported stressful life events and exacerbations in multiple sclerosis: prospective study. BMJ. 2003;327(7416):646.
27. BurnsMN, et al.Do positive or negative stressful events predict the development of new brain lesions in people with multiple sclerosis? Psychol Med. Epub ahead of print 17 May 2013. Important study evaluating the characteristics of stress and separating positive from negative stressors when considering their relation to MRI activity in people with MS.
28. Mohr DC et al. Psychological stress and the subsequent appearance of new brain MRI lesions in MS. Neurology. 2000;55(1):55-61. (Pubitemid 30460998)
29. Grossman P et al.MS quality of life, depression, and fatigue improve after mindfulness training: A randomized trial. Neurology. 2010;75(13):1141-9.
30. Artemiadis AK et al. Stress management and multiple sclerosis: A randomized controlled trial. Arch Clin Neuropsychol. 2012;27(4): 406-16.
31. Mohr DC. The stress and mood management program for individuals with multiple sclerosis: workbook. Treatments that work. Oxford: Oxford University Press; 2010. p. 229. Important reference for those seeking to attempt to implement a stress reduction cognitive- behavioral intervention in their practice.
32. Mohr DC et al. A randomized trial of stress management for the prevention of new brain lesions in MS. Neurology. 2012;79(5):412- 9. Key study showing for the first time in a randomized, controlled trial that indeed stress reduction results in reduced disease activity on MRI.
33. Miller DH et al. A controlled trial of natalizumab for relapsing multiple sclerosis. N Engl J Med. 2003;348(1):15-23. (Pubitemid 36026342)
34. Cohen JA et al. Oral fingolimod or intramuscular interferon for relapsing multiple sclerosis. N Engl J Med. 2010;362(5):402-15.
35. Burns MN et al. Prospective examination of anxiety and depression before and during confirmed and pseudoexacerbations in patients with multiple sclerosis. Psychosom Med. 2012;75(1):76-82.
36. D'Hooghe MB et al. Self-reported health promotion and disability progression in multiple sclerosis. J Neurol Sci. 2013;325(1-2):120-6.