Investigation of the mineral dissolution rate and strength development in stabilized soils using quantitative X-ray diffraction

Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering

Volumn 26, Issue 2, 2014, Pages 288-295

  Chrysochoou, Maria ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CONNECTICUT   (United States)

Author keywords

Clays; Minerals; Soil cement; Soil stabilization; X ray diffraction

Indexed keywords

CALCIUM ALUMINATE HYDRATE; CALCIUM SILICATE HYDRATE; CALIFORNIA BEARING RATIO; CEMENTITIOUS REACTIONS; QUANTITATIVE ASSESSMENTS; QUANTITATIVE X RAY DIFFRACTION; SOIL STABILIZATION; UNCONFINED COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH;

CLAY; COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH; DISSOLUTION; FLY ASH; HYDRATES; KAOLINITE; MINERALOGY; MINERALS; PORTLAND CEMENT; SILICATE MINERALS; SOIL CEMENT; SOIL MECHANICS; X RAY DIFFRACTION;

STABILIZATION;

CEMENT; CHEMICAL REACTION; CLAY SOIL; COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH; DISSOLUTION; KAOLINITE; SOIL STABILIZATION; SOIL STRENGTH; X-RAY DIFFRACTION;

EID: 84892887346     PISSN: 08991561     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)MT.1943-5533.0000814     Document Type: Article

References (46)

1. Åhnberg, H. (2006). "Strength of stabilized soils-A laboratory study on clays and organic soils stabilized with different types of binder." Ph.D. thesis, Swedish Deep Stabilization Research Centre, Lund, Sweden.
2. Åhnberg, H., and Johansson, S. E. (2005). "Increase in strength with time in soils stabilised with different types of binder in relation to the type and amount of reaction products." Proc., Int. Conf. on Deep Mixing, Vol. 1.1, Swedish Deep Stabilization Research Centre, Lincoping, Sweden, 195-202.
3. Antiohos, S., and Tsimas, S. (2004). "Activation of fly ash cementitious systems in the presence of quicklime Part I. Compressive strength and pozzolanic reaction rate." Cem. Concr. Res., 34(5), 769-779.
4. ASTM. (2003). "Standard test methods for screening of pH in waste." ASTM D4980-03, West Conshohocken, PA.
5. 3)]." ASTM D698-07, West Conshohocken, PA.
6. ASTM. (2007b). "Standard test methods for compressive strength of molded soil-cement cylinders." ASTM D1633-07, West Conshohocken, PA.
7. ASTM. (2010). "Standard test methods for laboratory determination of water (moisture) content of soil and rock by mass." ASTM D2216-10, West Conshohocken, PA.
8. ASTM. (2012). "Standard specification for coal fly ash and raw or calcined natural pozzolan for use in concrete." ASTM C618-12, West Conshohocken, PA.
9. Basheer, I. A. (2001). "Empirical modeling of the compaction curve of cohesive soils." Can. Geotech. J., 38(1), 29-45.
10. Bell, F. G. (1996). "Lime stabilization of clay minerals and soils." Eng. Geol., 42(4), 223-237.
11. Chen, J. J., Thomas, J. J., and Jennings, H. M. (2006). "Decalcification shrinkage of cement paste." Cem. Concr. Res., 36(5), 801-809.
12. Choquette, M., Berube, M. -A., and Locat, J. (1987). "Mineralogical and microtextural changes associated with lime stabilization of marine clays from Eastern Canada." Appl. Clay Sci., 2, 215-232.
13. Damidot, D., Lothenbach, B., Herfort, D., and Glasser, F. P. (2011). "Thermodynamics and cement science." Cem. Concr. Res., 41(7), 679-695.
14. De La Torre, A. G., Bruque, S., and Aranda, M. A. G. (2001). "Rietveld quantitative amorphous content analysis." J. Appl. Crystal., 34(2), 196-202.
15. Diamond, S., and Kinter, E. B. (1965). "Mechanisms of soil-lime stabilization." Highway Res. Rec., 92, 83-102.
16. Elsevier, Butterworth, Heinemann (EBH). (1998). Lea's chemistry of cement and concrete, 4th Ed., P. C. Hewlett, ed., EBH, Oxford.
17. Hausmann, M. R. (1990). Engineering principles of ground modification, McGraw Hill, New York.
18. Herzog, A., and Mitchell, J. K. (1962). "X-ray evidence for cement-clay interaction." Nature, 195(4845), 989-990.
19. Herzog, A., and Mitchell, J. K. (1963). "Reactions accompanying stabilization of clay with cement." Highway Res. Rec., 36, 146-171.
20. Horpibulsuk, S., Miura, N., and Nagara, T. S. (2003). "Assessment of strength development in cement-admixed high water content clays with Abrams' law as a basis." Géotechnique, 53(4), 439-444.
21. Jade Version 8.5. [Computer software]. Material's Data Inc (MDI), Livermore, CA.
22. Lam, L., Wong, Y. L., and Poon, C. S. (2000). "Degree of hydration and gel-space ratio of high-volume fly ash/cement systems." Cem. Concr. Res., 30(5), 747-756.
23. Little, D. (1999). "Evaluation of structural properties of lime stabilized soils and aggregates, Vol. 1: Summary of findings." Rep. to the National Lime Association, Arlington, VA.
24. Little, D. N., Herbert, B., and Kunagali, S. N. (2005). "Ettringite formation in lime-treated soils: Establishing thermodynamic foundations for engineering practice." Transport. Res. Rec., 1936(1), 51-59.
25. Lumley, J. S., Gollop, R. S., Moir, G. K., and Taylor, H. F. W. (1996). "Degrees of reaction of the slag in some blends with portland cements." Cem. Concr. Res., 26(1), 139-151.
26. Mahlotra, V. M., and Mehta, P. K. (1996). "Pozzolanic and cementitious materials." Advances in concrete technology, Vol. 1, Gordon and Breach Publishers, Amsterdam.
27. McCusker, L. B., von Dreele, R. B., Cox, D. E., Louer, D., and Scardi, P. (1999). "Rietveld refinement guidelines." J. Appl. Cryst., 32(1), 36-50.
28. Misra, A. (1998). "Stabilization characteristics of clays using class C fly ash." Transport. Res. Rec., 1611(1), 46-54.
29. Mitchell, J. K., and El, J. (1966). "The fabric of soil cement and its formation." Nat. Conf. Clays Clay Minerals Proc., Pergamon Press, Oxford, 297-305.
30. Mitchell, J. K., and Soga, K. (2005). Fundamentals of soil behavior, 3rd Ed., Wiley, Hoboken, NJ.
31. Moh, Z. C. (1965). "Reaction of soil minerals with cement and chemicals." Highway Res. Rec., 86, 39-61.
32. Nair, S., and Little, N. (2009). "Water as the key to expansion of ettringite in cementitious materials." Tranport. Res. Rec., 2104(1), 55-62.
33. Nonat, A. (2004). "The structure and stoichiometry of C-S-H." Cem. Concr. Res., 34(9), 1521-1528.
34. Penumadu, D., and Zhao, R. (1999). "Triaxial compression behavior of sand and gravel using artificial neural networks (ANN)." Comput. Geotech., 24(3), 207-230.
35. Petry, T. M., and Little, D. N. (2002). "Review of stabilization of clays and expansive soils in pavements and lightly loaded structures-History, practice, and future." J. Mater. Civ. Eng., 10.1061/(ASCE)0899- 1561(2002)14:6(447), 447-460.
36. Porbaha, A., Shibuya, S., and Kishida, T. (2000). "State of the art in deep mixing technology. Part III geomaterial characterization." Ground Improvement, 4(3), 91-110.
37. Richardson, I. G. (2008). "The calcium silicate hydrates." Cem. Concr. Res., 38(2), 137-158.
38. Rietveld, H. M. (1969). "A profile refinement method for nuclear and magnetic structures." J. Appl. Crystal., 2(2), 65-71.
39. Ritchie, I. M., and Bing-An, X. (1990). "The kinetics of lime slaking." Hydrometallurgy, 23(2-3), 377-396.
40. Roy, D. M., and Idorn, G. M. (1993). "Concrete microstructure." Project Rep. SHRP-C-340, Strategic Highway Research Program, National Research Council, Washington, DC.
41. Sariosseiri, F., and Muhunthan, B. (2009). "Effect of cement treatment on geotechnical properties of some Washington state soils." Eng. Geol., 104(1-2), 119-125.
42. Scrivener, K. L., Füllmann, T., Gallucci, E., Walenta, D., and Bermejo, E. (2004). "Quantitative study of portland cement hydration by X-ray diffraction/Rietveld analysis and independent methods." Cem. Concr. Res., 34(9), 1541-1547.
43. Scrivener, N. L., and Nonat, A. (2011). "Hydration of cementitious materials, present and future." Cem. Concr. Res., 41(7), 651-665.
44. Shahin, M. A., Jaksa, M. B., and Maier, H. R. (2001). "Artificial neural network applications in geotechnical engineering." Aust. Geomech., 36(1), 49-62.
45. Whitfield, P. S., and Mitchell, L. D. (2003). "Quantitative analysis of the amorphous content in cements and clinkers." J. Mater. Sci., 38(21), 4415-4421.
46. Young, R. A. (1993). The Rietveld Method, Oxford University Press, New York.