Treatment of multiple sclerosis in Germany: An analysis based on claims data of more than 30,000 patients

International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy

Volumn 35, Issue 6, 2013, Pages 1229-1235

  Windt, Roland ^a   Glaeske, Gerd ^a   Hoffmann, Falk ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF BREMEN   (Germany)

Author keywords

Claims data; Drug treatment; Germany; Health services research; Immunomodulators; Multiple sclerosis; Routine data analysis

Indexed keywords

AMANTADINE; ANTIDEPRESSANT AGENT; AZATHIOPRINE; BETA1A INTERFERON; CORTICOSTEROID; GLATIRAMER; HYPNOTIC AGENT; IMMUNOGLOBULIN; INTERFERON BETA SERINE; MITOXANTRONE; MODAFINIL; MUSCLE RELAXANT AGENT; NATALIZUMAB; NONSTEROID ANTIINFLAMMATORY AGENT; TRANQUILIZER; URINARY TRACT SPASMOLYTIC AGENT;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; ARTICLE; CHILD; DRUG USE; FEMALE; HEALTH INSURANCE; HUMAN; ICD-10-CM; INFANT; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS; NEWBORN; PALLIATIVE THERAPY; PRESCHOOL CHILD; PRESCRIPTION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RELAPSE; SCHOOL CHILD; SEX DIFFERENCE; YOUNG ADULT;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AMBULATORY CARE; CHILD; CHILD, PRESCHOOL; CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDIES; DATABASES, FACTUAL; FEMALE; GERMANY; HUMANS; IMMUNOLOGIC FACTORS; IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE AGENTS; INFANT; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS; SEX FACTORS; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 84892691586     PISSN: 22107703     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s11096-013-9857-x     Document Type: Article

References (41)

1. Pugliatti M, Rosati G, Carton H, Riise T, Drulovic J, Vecsei L, et al. The epidemiology of multiple sclerosis in Europe. Eur J Neurol. 2006;13(7):700-22.
2. Kobelt G, Berg J, Lindgren P, Elias WG, Flachenecker P, Freidel M, et al. Costs and quality of life of multiple sclerosis in Germany. Eur J Health Econ. 2006;7(Suppl 2):S34-44.
3. Sobocki P, Pugliatti M, Lauer K, Kobelt G. Estimation of the cost of MS in Europe: extrapolations from a multinational cost study. Mult Scler. 2007;13(8):1054-64.
4. Gold R, Montalban X. Multiple sclerosis: more pieces of the immunological puzzle. Lancet Neurol. 2012;11(1):9-10.
5. Crayton HJ, Rossman HS. Managing the symptoms of multiple sclerosis: a multimodal approach. Clin Ther. 2006;28(4):445-60.
6. Noseworthy JH, Lucchinetti C, Rodriguez M, Weinshenker BG. Multiple sclerosis. N Engl J Med. 2000;343(13):938-52.
7. Flachenecker P, Stuke K, Elias W, Freidel M, Haas J, Pitschnau-Michel D, et al. Multiple sclerosis registry in Germany: results of the extension phase 2005/2006. Dtsch Arztebl Int. 2008;105(7):113-9.
8. Weinshenker BG, Bass B, Rice GP, Noseworthy J, Carriere W, Baskerville J, et al. The natural history of multiple sclerosis: a geographically based study I. Clin Course Disabil. Brain. 1989;112(Pt 1):133-46.
9. Giovannoni G. Management of secondary-progressive multiple sclerosis. CNS Drugs. 2004;18(10):653-69.
10. Lipsy RJ, Schapiro RT, Prostko CR. Current and future directions in MS management: key considerations for managed care pharmacists. J Manag Care Pharm. 2009;15(9 Suppl A):S2-15.
11. Henze T, Rieckmann P, Toyka KV. Symptomatic treatment of multiple sclerosis. Multiple Sclerosis Therapy Consensus Group (MSTCG) of the German Multiple Sclerosis Society. Eur Neurol. 2006;56(2):78-105.
12. Wiendl H, Toyka KV, Rieckmann P, Gold R, Hartung HP, Hohlfeld R. Basic and escalating immunomodulatory treatments in multiple sclerosis: current therapeutic recommendations. J Neurol. 2008;255(10):1449-63.
13. Havla J, Kumpfel T, Hohlfeld R. Aktuelle Diagnostik und Therapie der Multiplen Sklerose. Dtsch Med Wochenschr. 2012;137(17):894-9.
14. DGN. Diagnosis and treatment of multiple sclerosis (in German). Available from: http://www.dgn.org/component/content/article/ 45-leitlinien-der-dgn-2012/ 2333-ll-31-2012-diagnose-und-therapieder-multiplen-sklerose.html. Accessed 21 June 2013.
15. Sellebjerg F, Barnes D, Filippini G, Midgard R, Montalban X, Rieckmann P, et al. EFNS guideline on treatment of multiple sclerosis relapses: report of an EFNS task force on treatment of multiple sclerosis relapses. Eur J Neurol. 2005;12(12):939-46.
16. Mäurer M, Dachsel R, Domke S, Ries S, Reifschneider G, Friedrich A, et al. Health care situation of patients with relapsingremitting multiple sclerosis receiving immunomodulatory therapy: a retrospective survey of more than 9000 German patients with MS. Eur J Neurol. 2011;18(8):1036-45.
17. Wild F. [Pharmaceutical prescription for multiple sclerosis : evaluation of pharmaceutical consumption at private health insurance.] (in German). Nervenarzt. 2013;84(2):202-8.
18. WHO. Guidelines for ATC classification and DDD assignment 2012. Oslo 2011.
19. Kappos L, Heun R, Mertens HG. A 10-year matched-pairs study comparing azathioprine and no immunosuppression in multiple sclerosis. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 1990;240(1):34-8.
20. Margolis JM, Fowler R, Johnson BH, Kassed CA, Kahler K. Disease-modifying drug initiation patterns in commercially insured multiple sclerosis patients: a retrospective cohort study. BMC Neurol. 2011;11:122.
21. Mikol DD, Barkhof F, Chang P, Coyle PK, Jeffery DR, Schwid SR, et al. Comparison of subcutaneous interferon beta-1a with glatiramer acetate in patients with relapsing multiple sclerosis (the REbif vs Glatiramer Acetate in Relapsing MS Disease [REGARD] study): a multicentre, randomised, parallel, openlabel trial. Lancet Neurol. 2008;7(10):903-14.
22. O'Connor P, Filippi M, Arnason B, Comi G, Cook S, Goodin D, et al. 250 lg or 500 lg interferon beta-1b versus 20 mg glatiramer acetate in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: a prospective, randomised, multicentre study. Lancet Neurol. 2009;8(10):889-97.
23. Marriott JJ, O'Connor PW. Lessons learned from long-term multiple sclerosis treatment trials. Mult Scler. 2010;16(9):1028-30.
24. Windt R. Multiple Sklerose. BARMER GEK Arzneimittelreport 2010. Germany: Asgard; 2010, ISBN978-3943744675. pp. 124-36.
25. Hoffmann F, Icks A. [Structural differences between health insurance funds and their impact on health services research: results from the Bertelsmann Health-Care Monitor] (in German). Gesundheitswesen. 2012;74(5):291-7.
26. Stuke K, Flachenecker P, Zettl UK, Elias WG, Freidel M, Haas J, et al. Symptomatology of MS: results from the German MS Registry. J Neurol. 2009;256(11):1932-5.
27. Pittock SJ, Mayr WT, McClelland RL, Jorgensen NW, Weigand SD, Noseworthy JH, et al. Change in MS-related disability in a population-based cohort: a 10-year follow-up study. Neurology. 2004;62(1):51-9.
28. Burton JM, O'Connor PW, Hohol M, Beyene J. Oral versus intravenous steroids for treatment of relapses in multiple sclerosis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2009;3:CD006921.
29. Andersson PB, Goodkin DE. Glucocorticosteroid therapy for multiple sclerosis: a critical review. J Neurol Sci. 1998;160(1):16-25.
30. Heesen C, Kasper J, Kopke S, Richter T, Segal J, Muhlhauser I. Informed shared decision making in multiple sclerosis-inevitable or impossible? J Neurol Sci. 2007;259(1-2):109-17.
31. Köpke S, Heesen C, Kasper J, Mühlhauser I. Steroid treatment for relapses in multiple sclerosis-the evidence urges shared decision-making. Acta Neurol Scand. 2004;110(1):1-5.
32. Loikas D, Wettermark B, von Euler M, Bergman U, Schenck-Gustafsson K, et al. Differences in drug utilisation between men and women: a cross-sectional analysis of all dispensed drugs in Sweden. BMJ Open. 2013;3:e002378.
33. Anthony M, Lee KY, Bertram CT, Abarca J, Rehfeld RA, Malone DC, et al. Gender and age differences in medications dispensed from a national chain drugstore. J Womens Health (Larchmt). 2008;17(5):735-43.
34. Johnell K, Fastbom J. Gender and use of hypnotics or sedatives in old age: a nationwide register-based study. Int J Clin Pharm. 2011;33(5):788-93.
35. Kern WV, de With K, Nink K, Steib-Bauert M, Schroder H. Regional variation in outpatient antibiotic prescribing in Germany. Infection. 2006;34(5):269-73.
36. Muller-Nordhorn J, Kulig M, Binting S, Voller H, Krobot KJ, Willich SN. Regional variation in medication following coronary events in Germany. Int J Cardiol. 2005;102(1):47-53.
37. Bensing C, Kleinfeld A. Medikamentöse Therapie der frühen rheumatoiden Arthritis. Monitor Versorgungsforschung. 2009;2(3):10-1.
38. Windt R, Glaeske G, Hoffmann F. Versorgung mit TNF-alpha-Blockern und regionale Unterschiede im Jahr 2010. Z Rheumatol. 2011;70(10):874-81.
39. Erler A, Beyer M, Muth C, Gerlach FM, Brennecke R. [Garbage in-garbage out? Validity of coded diagnoses from GP claims records] (in German). Gesundheitswesen. 2009;71(12):823-31.
40. Hein T, Hopfenmuller W. Hochrechnung der Zahl an Multiple Sklerose erkrankten Patienten in Deutschland. Nervenarzt. 2000;71(4):288-94.
41. DIMDI (German Insitute of Medical Documentation and Information). ATC-Classification System with Defined Daily Doses. Available from: http://www.dimdi.de/static/en/klassi/atcddd/ index.htm. Accessed 27 June 2013.