Northwest Libya from the early to late Holocene: New data on environment and subsistence from the Jebel Gharbi

Quaternary International

Volumn 320, Issue , 2014, Pages 15-27

  Barich, Barbara E ^a  

^a SAPIENZA UNIVERSITY OF ROME   (Italy)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ARCHAEOLOGICAL EVIDENCE; HOLOCENE; HUNTING; LAST GLACIATION; NEOLITHIC; PALEOCLIMATE; PALEOENVIRONMENT; RECONSTRUCTION; SETTLEMENT PATTERN;

JEBEL GHARBI; LIBYAN ARAB JAMAHIRIYA; MAGHREB;

EID: 84892483509     PISSN: 10406182     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.quaint.2013.09.007     Document Type: Article

References (73)

1. Alhaique F., Marshall F. Preliminary report on the Jebel Gharbi fauna from Site SJ-00-56 (2000 and 2002 excavations). Africa 2009, LXIV(3-4):498-507.
2. Aouadi N., Dridi Y. Néolithisation et Néolithique de Tunisie: les sites et leur faune domestique. Encyclopédie Berbère 2012, vol. XXXIII:5481-5488. Peeters, Paris-Louvain.
3. Arz H.W., Lamy F., Pätzold J., Müller P.J., Prins M. Mediterranean moisture source for an Early-Holocene humid period in the northern Red Sea. Science 2003, 300:118-121.
4. Ballouche A., Marinval P. Données palynologiques et carpologiques sur la domestication des plantes et l'agriculture dans le Néolithique ancien du Maroc septentrional (site de Kaf Taht el-Ghar). Rev. d'Archéométrie 2003, 27:49-54.
5. Barich B.E. La serie stratigrafica dell'Uadi Ti-n-Torha (Tadrart Acacus, Libia)-Per una interpretazione delle facies a ceramica saharo-sudanesi. Origini 1974, VIII:7-184.
6. Archaeology and Environment in the Libyan Sahara: the Excavations in the Tadrart Acacus 1978-1983. International Series 1987, vol. 368. British Archaeological Reports, Oxford. B.E. Barich (Ed.).
7. Barich B.E. Adaptation in archaeology: an example from the Libyan Sahara. Prehistory of Arid North Africa 1987, 189-210. Southern Methodist University, Dallas. A.E. Close (Ed.).
8. Barich B.E. People, Water, and Grain - the Beginnings of Domestication in the Sahara and the Nile Valley 1998, L'Erma di Bretschneider, Rome.
9. Barich B.E. The culture of the oases: late Neolithic herders in Farafra, a matter of Identity. The Oasis Papers 6, Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference of the Dakhleh Oasis Project 2013, 39-47. Oxbow Books, London. R.S. Bagnall, P. Davoli, C.A. Hope (Eds.).
10. Barich B.E. Hidden Valley: a 7000 years-old village in Wadi el Obeiyid. From Lake to Sand, the Archaeology of Farafra Oasis (Western Desert of Egypt) 2014, All'Insegna del Giglio, Firenze, (in press). B.E. Barich, G. Lucarini, M.A. Hamdan, F.A. Hassan (Eds.).
11. Barich B.E., Garcea E.A.A., Giraudi C. Between the Mediterranean and the Sahara: geoarchaeological reconnaissance in the Jebel Gharbi, Libya. Antiquity 2006, 80(309):567-582.
12. Barich B.E., Garcea E.A.A., Giraudi C., Lucarini G., Mutri G. The latest research in the Jebel Gharbi (Northern Libya): environment and cultures from MSA to LSA and the first Neolithic findings. Libya Antiq. N. S. 2010, V:237-252.
13. Barich B.E., Lucarini G. L'interazione pastori/agricoltori e le dinamiche del Deserto Occidentale egiziano. Origini 2005, XXVII:51-77.
14. Barker G., Antoniadou A., Barton H., Brooks I., Candy I., Drake N., Farr L., Hunt C., Abdulsaid Abdulhamid I., Inglis R., Jones S., Morales J., Morley I., Mutri G., Rabett R., Reynolds T., Simpson D., Twati M., White K. The Cyrenaican Prehistory Project 2009: the third season of investigations of the Haua Fteah cave and its landscape, and further results from the 2007-2008 fieldwork. Libyan Stud. 2009, 40:55-94.
15. Barker G., Antoniadou A., Armitage S., Brooks I., Candy I., Connell K., Douka K., Drake N., Farr L., Hill E., Hunt C., Inglis R., Jones S., Lane C., Lucarini G., Meneely J., Morales J., Mutri G., Prendergast A., Rabett Reade H., Reynolds T., Russell N., Simpson D., Smith B., Stimpson C., Twati M., White K. The Cyrenaican Prehistory Project 2010: the fourth season of investigations of the Haua Fteah cave and its landscape, and further results from the 2007-2009 fieldwork. Libyan Stud. 2010, 41:63-88.
16. Ben Fraj T. Proposition d'un schéma chronostratigraphique des héritages quaternaires continentaux de la Jeffara septentrionale et de la partie nord-orientale du plateau de Dahar-Matmata (sud-est tunisien). Quaternaire 2012, 23(2):187-204.
17. Berger J.-F., Guilaine J. The 8200 cal BP abrupt environmental change and the Neolithic transition: a Mediterranean perspective. Quat. Int. 2009, 200:31-49.
18. Caton Thompson G., Gardner E.W. The Desert Fayum 1934, vol. 2. Royal Anthropological Institute, London.
19. Chighini G. Studio pedologico di alcuni siti archeologici del Jebel Gharbi (NW Libia) 2012, (Tesi di Laurea Quadriennale), Sapienza Università di Roma, Italia.
20. Close A.E. Sinai, Sahara, Sahel: the introduction of domestic Caprines to Africa. Tides of the Desert - Gezeiten der Wüste, Contributions to the Archaeology and Environmental History of Africa in Honour of Rudolph Kuper 2002, 459-469. Heinrich Barth Institut, Köln. Jennerstrasse 8 (Ed.).
21. Cremaschi M., Di Lernia S. Wadi Teshuinat. Quaderni di Geodinamica Alpina e del Quaternario N.7 1998, (Milano).
22. Daniels C.M. Excavation and fieldwork amongst the Garamantes. Libyan Stud. 1989, 20:45-61.
23. Daugas J.-P., El Idrissi A., Ballouche A., Marinval Ph., Ouchaou B. Le Néolithique ancient au Maroc septentrional: données documentaries, sériation typochronologique et hypothèses génétiques. Bull. Soc. prèhist. fr. 2008, 105(4):787-812.
24. Di Lernia S. Dry climatic events and cultural trajectories: adjusting Middle Holocene Pastoral economy of the Libyan Sahara. Droughts, Food and Culture 2002, 225-250. Kluver Academic/Plenum Publisher, New York. F.A. Hassan (Ed.).
25. Di Lernia S., Garcea E.A.A. Some remarks on Saharan terminology. Pre-pastoral archaeology from the Libyan Sahara and the Middle Nile Valley. Libya Antiq. N. S. 1997, 3:11-23.
26. Eiwanger J. Merimde-Benisalâme I: Die Funde der Urschicht 1984, Verlag Philipp von Zabern, Mainz am Rhein.
27. Fabbri M., Winorath-Scott A. Stazione litica all'aperto nei pressi di Garian. Libya Antiqua 1965, II:83-90.
28. Fahmy A.G. Plant food resources at Hidden Valley. From Lake to Sand, the Archaeology of Farafra Oasis (Western Desert of Egypt) 2014, All'Insegna del Giglio, Firenze, (in press). B.E. Barich, G. Lucarini, M.A. Hamdan, F.A. Hassan (Eds.).
29. Faucamberge E.de Abou Tamsa: étude d'un nouveau site Néolithique en Cyrénaïque (Libye) 2009, (Thèse de Doctorat en Archéologie), Université de Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne, France.
30. Uan Tabu in the Settlement History of the Libyan Sahara 2001, All'Insegna del Giglio, Firenze. E.A.A. Garcea (Ed.).
31. Garcea E.A.A., Giraudi C. Late Quaternary human settlement patterning in the Jebel Gharbi, NorthWestern Libya. J.Hum. Evol. 2006, 51:411-421.
32. Gautier A. Animal remains from the Hidden Valley Neolithic site, Farafra Oasis, Egypt. From Lake to Sand, the Archaeology of Farafra Oasis (Western Desert of Egypt) 2014, All'Insegna del Giglio, Firenze, (in press). B.E. Barich, G. Lucarini, M.A. Hamdan, F.A. Hassan (Eds.).
33. Giraudi C. Aeolian sand in peridesert NorthWestern Libya and implications for Late Pleistocene and Holocene Sahara expansions. Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol. 2005, 218:161-173.
34. Giraudi C. Le fasi umide del Pleistocene Superiore e dell'Olocene nel Jebel Gharbi (Libia nord occidentale). Africa 2009, LXIV(3-4):405-411.
35. Giraudi C., Mercuri A.M., Esu D. Holocene palaeoclimate in the northern Sahara margin (Jefara Plain, northwestern Libya). Holocene 2013, 23(3):339-352.
36. Graziosi P. L'arte rupestre della Libia 1942, Ed. della Mostra d'Oltremare, Napoli.
37. Hamdan M.A., Hassan F.A., Barich B., Lucarini G., Gallinaro M. Geoarchaeology of the Holocene Bahr Playa, Farafra depression: season 2004. International Conference on the Geology of the Arab World (GAW8) 2006, 1-11. Cairo University, Cairo.
38. Hassan F.A. Radiocarbon chronology of Neolithic and Predynastic sites in upper Egypt and the Delta. Afr. Archaeol. Rev. 1985, 3:95-115.
39. Hunt C.O., Reynolds T.G., El-Rishi H.A., Buzaian A., Hill E., Barker G.W. Resource pressure and environmental change on the North African littoral: Epipaleolithic to Romangastropods from Cyrenaica, Libya. Quat. Int. 2011, 244:15-26.
40. Linsele V., Marinova E., Van Neer W., Vermeersch P.M. Sites with Holocene dung deposits in the Eastern Desert of Egypt: visited by Herders?. J.Arid Environ. 2010, 74:818-828.
41. Linstädter J. The Epipalaeolithic-Neolithic transition in the Mediterranean region of northwest Africa. Quartär 2008, 55:41-62.
42. Linstädter J. The Epipalaeolithic-Neolithic transition in the Eastern Rif Mountains and the lower Moulouya valley, Morocco. Promontoria Monográfica 2010, vol. 15:89-98. Faculdade de Ciências Humanas e SociaisUniversidade do Algarve, Faro. J.F. Gibaja Bao, A.F. Carvalho (Eds.).
43. Linstädter J., Medved I., Solich M., Weniger G.-Ch. Neolithisation process within the Alboran territory: models and possible African impact. Quat. Int. 2012, 10.1016/j.quaint.2012.01.013.
44. Lubell D. Prehistoric edible land snails in the circum-Mediterranean: the archaeological evidence. Petits animaux et sociétés humaines. Du complément alimentaire aux ressources utilitaires. XXIVe Rencontres Internationales d'Archéologie et d'Histoire d'Antibes 2004, 77-98. Editions APDCA, Antibes. J.-P. Brugal, J. Desse (Eds.).
45. Lucarini G. Percorsi tra la montagna e il mare. Nuovi dati sui complessi olocenici della pianura della Gefara (Libia). Africa 2009, LXIV(3-4):433-447.
46. Lucarini G. Was a transition to food production homogeneous along the circum-Mediterranean littoral? A perspective on Neolithization research from the Libyan coast. Studies in Early Near Eastern Production, Subsistence, and Environment 2013, vol.16:149-173. Ex oriente, Berlin. N. Shirai (Ed.).
47. Lucarini G. Exploitation and management of wild grasses at Hidden Valley, Farafra Oasis. From Lake to Sand, the Archaeology of Farafra Oasis (Western Desert of Egypt) 2014, All'Insegna del Giglio, Firenze, (in press). B.E. Barich, G. Lucarini, M.A. Hamdan, F.A. Hassan (Eds.).
48. Lucarini G., Mutri G. Site SJ-00-56: Débitage analysis and functional interpretation of a Later Stone Age campsite of Jebel Gharbi (Libya). J.Hum. Evol. 2010, 25(1-2):155-165.
49. Mastino A. Economia e società nel Nord Africa ed in Sardegna in età imperiale: continuità e trasformazioni. L'Africa romana: atti dell'8° Convegno di Studio, Cagliari 1991, 35-48. Edizioni Gallizzi, Sassari.
50. Mattingly D.J., McLaren S., Savage Et., al-Fasarwi Y., Gadgood K. The Libyan Desert. Natural Resources and Cultural Heritage 2006, Society for Libyan Studies, London.
51. McBurney C.B.M. The Haua Fteah (Cyrenaica) and the Stone Age of the South-east Mediterranean 1967, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
52. Mercuri A.M., Florenzano A. Relazione preliminare sulle analisi polliniche di campioni provenienti dai siti: SJ-06-87, SJ-06-88, SJ-00-56 2009, Relazione Tecnica, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena.
53. Mikdad A., Eiwanger J., Atki H., Ben-Ncer A., Bokbot Y., Hutterer R., Linstädter J., Mouhsine T. Recherches préhistoriques et protohistoriques dans le Rif oriental (Maroc). Rapport préliminaire. Beiträge zur Allgemeinen und Vergleichenden Archäologie 2000, vol. 20:109-167.
54. Morales J., Pérez-Jordà G., Peña-Chocarro L., Zapata L., Ruìz-Alonso M., López-Sàez J.A., Linstädter J. The origins of agriculture in North-West Africa: macro-botanical remains from Epipalaeolithic and Early Neolithic levels of Ifri Oudadane (Marocco). J.Archaeol. Sci. 2013, 40:2659-2669.
55. Mori F. Tadrart Acacus. Arte Rupestre e Culture del Sahara Preistorico 1965, Einaudi, Torino.
56. Mrázek I., Svoboda J. Lithic raw materials of the late Palaeolithic/Neolithic industries in Jabal Nefusa, Tripolitania. Anthropologie 1986, XXIV(1):49-59.
57. Mulazzani S. L'habitat épipaléolithique de SHM-1 et les sites environnants au bord de la sebkha lagune de Halk el Menjel (Hergla - Tunisie) entre le VIIe et le VIe millénaire cal.BC 2010, (Thèse de Doctorat en Archéologie), Université de Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne, France.
58. Mulazzani S., Belhouchet L., Jeddi Z. Aspects techno-typologiques de l'industrie lithique des chasseurs-pécheurs-cueilleurs de SHM-1(Hergla - Tunisie). Africa 2009, LXIV(3-4):458-473.
59. Munsell Soil Color Charts 1990, Macbeth, New York.
60. Mutri G., Lucarini G. New data on the late Pleistocene of the Shakshuk Area, Jebel Gharbi, Libya. Afr. Archaeol. Rev. 2008, 25:99-107.
61. Nicoll K. Recent environmental change and prehistoric human activity in Egypt and Northern Sudan. Quat. Sci. Rev. 2004, 23:561-580.
62. Ouchaou B., Amani F. Étude préliminaire des grands Mammifères du gisement de Kaf-Taht el Ghar (Tétouan, Maroc). Préhist. Anthropol. Méditerr. 1997, 6:53-60.
63. Pereira F., Queirós S., Gusmão L., Nijman I.J., Cuppen E., Lenstra J.A., Econogene Consortium, Davis S.J.M., Nejmeddine F., Amorim A. Tracing the history of goat pastoralism: new clues from mitochondrial and Y chromosome DNA in North Africa. MBE Adv. 2009, online:. http://mbe.oxfordjournals.org/.
64. Roberts N., Brayshaw D., Kuzucuoglu C. The mid-Holocene climatic transition in the Mediterranean: causes and consequences. Holocene 2011, 21(1):3-13.
65. Roubet C. Le gisement du Damous el-Ahmar et sa place dans le Néolithique de tradition capsienne 1968, Travaux du Centre de Recherches Anthropologiques Préhistoriques et Ethnographiques, Algiers.
66. Roubet C. Économie Pastorale Préagricole en Algérie Orientale: le Néolithique de Tradition Capsienne 1979, Édition du CNRS, Paris.
67. Svoboda J. Ataf Ben Dalala, lithic industry. Origini 1977-82, vol. XI:83-85. J. Jelìnek (Ed.).
68. Vermeersch P.M., Van Peer Ph., Moeyerson J., Van Neer W. Sodmein cave site (Red Sea Mountains, Egypt). Sahara 1994, 6:31-40.
69. Wendorf F., Schild R. Prehistory of the Nile Valley 1976, Academic Press, New York.
70. Wendorf F., Schild R. Prehistory of the Eastern Sahara 1980, Academic Press, New York.
71. Wendorf F., Schild R., Associates Holocene Settlement of the Egyptian Sahara. The Archaeology of Nabta Playa 2001, vol. I. Kluwer Academic - Plenum Publishers, New York.
72. Wendrich W., Taylor R.E., Southon J. Dating stratified sites at Kom K and Kom W: fifth millennium BCE radiocarbon ages for Fayum Neolithic. Nucl. Inst. Methods Phys. Res. B 2010, 268(7-8):999-1002.
73. Wetterstrom W. Foraging and farming in Egypt: the transition from hunting and gathering to horticulture in the Nile Valley. The Archaeology of Africa. Food, Metal and Towns 1993, 165-226. Routledge, London, New York. T. Shaw, P. Sinclair, B. Andah, A. Okpoko (Eds.).