Stiffness contribution of cellulose nanofibrils to composite materials

International Journal of Solids and Structures

Volumn 51, Issue 5, 2014, Pages 945-953

  Josefsson, Gabriella ^a   Berthold, Fredrik ^b   Gamstedt, E Kristofer ^a  

^a UPPSALA UNIVERSITY   (Sweden)

^b INNVENTIA AB   (Sweden)

Author keywords

Cellulose nanofibrils; Elastic properties; Inverse modeling; Multiscale modeling; Nanocomposite

Indexed keywords

CELLULOSE NANOFIBRILS; ELASTIC PROPERTIES; INVERSE MODELING; LONGITUDINAL YOUNG'S MODULUS; MICRO-CRYSTALLINE CELLULOSE; MULTI-SCALE MODELING; REINFORCED THERMOPLASTICS; STRUCTURE PROPERTY RELATION;

CELLULOSE; CRYSTALLINE MATERIALS; ELASTIC MODULI; ELASTICITY; INVERSE PROBLEMS; NANOCOMPOSITES; NANOFIBERS; NANOWHISKERS; REINFORCED PLASTICS; STIFFNESS;

WOOD;

CELLULOSE; ELASTICITY; STIFFNESS; WOOD;

EID: 84892432741     PISSN: 00207683     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2013.11.018     Document Type: Article

References (49)

1. M. Baiardo, E. Zini, and M. Scandola Flax fibre-polyester composites Compos. A 35 6 2004 703 710
2. Y. Benveniste A new approach to the application of Mori-Tanaka's theory in composite materials Mech. Mater. 6 2 1987 147 157
3. A. Budhiono, B. Rosidi, H. Taher, and M. Iguchi Kinetic aspects of bacterial cellulose formation in nata-de-coco culture system Carbohydr. Polym. 40 2 1999 137 143
4. Q. Cheng, S. Wang, and D.P. Harper Effects of process and source on elastic modulus of single cellulose fibrils evaluated by atomic force microscopy Compos. A 40 5 2009 583 588
5. G. Chinga-Carrasco Cellulose fibres, nanofibrils and microfibrils: The morphological sequence of MFC components from a plant physiology and fibre technology point of view Nanoscale Res. Lett. 6 1 2011 1 7
6. V. Decoux, É. Varcin, and J.-M. Leban Relationships between the intra-ring wood density assessed by X-ray densitometry and optical anatomical measurements in conifers. Consequences for the cell wall apparent density determination Ann. Forest Sci. 61 3 2004 251 262
7. Y.A. Dzenis Structural nanocomposites Science 319 2008 419 420
8. S.J. Eichhorn, and G.R. Davies Modelling the crystalline deformation of native and regenerated cellulose Cellulose 13 3 2006 291 307
9. S.J. Eichhorn, and R.J. Young The Young's modulus of a microcrystalline cellulose Cellulose 8 3 2001 197 207
10. S.J. Eichhorn, A. Dufresne, M. Aranguren, N.E. Marcovich, J.R. Capadona, S.J. Rowan, C. Weder, W. Thielemans, M. Roman, S. Renneckar, W. Gindl, S. Veigel, J. Keckes, H. Yano, K. Abe, M. Nogi, A.N. Nakagaito, A. Mangalam, J. Simonsen, A.S. Benight, A. Bismarck, L.A. Berglund, and T. Peijs Review: current international research into cellulose nanofibres and nanocomposites J. Mater. Sci. 45 1 2010 1 33
11. J.D. Eshelby The determination of the elastic field of an ellipsoidal inclusion, and related problems Proc. R. Soc. Lond. A 241 1226 1957 376 396
12. G. Guhados, W. Wan, and J.L. Hutter Measurement of the elastic modulus of single bacterial cellulose fibers using atomic force microscopy Langmuir 21 14 2005 6642 6646
13. A.M. Harris, and E.C. Lee Improving mechanical performance of injection molded PLA by controlling crystallinity J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 107 4 2008 2246 2255
14. Z. Hashin Analysis of composite materials J. Appl. Mech. 50 2 1983 481 505
15. M. Henriksson, G. Henriksson, L.A. Berglund, and T. Lindström An environmentally friendly method for enzyme-assisted preparation of microfibrillated cellulose (MFC) nanofibers Eur. Polymer J. 43 8 2007 3434 3441
16. M. Iguchi, S. Yamanaka, and A. Budhiono Bacterial cellulose - a masterpiece of nature's arts J. Mater. Sci. 35 2 2000 261 270
17. T. Joffre, E.L.G. Wernersson, A. Miettinen, C.L. Luengo Hendriks, and E.K. Gamstedt Swelling of cellulose fibres in composite materials: constraint effects of the surrounding matrix Compos. Sci. Technol. 74 2013 52 59
18. G. Josefsson, B. Tanem, Y. Li, P. Vullum, and E.K. Gamstedt Prediction of elastic properties of nanofibrillated cellulose from micromechanical modeling and nano-structure characterization by transmission electron microscopy Cellulose 20 2 2013 761 770
19. J. Kalfus, and J. Jancar Immobilization of polyvinylacetate macromolecules on hydroxyapatite nanoparticles Polymer 48 14 2007 3935 3937
20. K.-T. Lau, C. Gu, and D. Hui A critical review on nanotube and nanotube/nanoclay related polymer composite materials Compos. Part B 37 6 2006 425 436
21. K.-Y. Lee, J.J. Blaker, and A. Bismarck Surface functionalisation of bacterial cellulose as the route to produce green polylactide nanocomposites with improved properties Compos. Sci. Technol. 69 15 2009 2724 2733
22. K.-Y. Lee, F. Quero, J. Blaker, C.S. Hill, S. Eichhorn, and A. Bismarck Surface only modification of bacterial cellulose nanofibres with organic acids Cellulose 18 3 2011 595 605
23. L.T. Lim, R. Auras, and M. Rubino Processing technologies for poly(lactic acid) Prog. Polym. Sci. 33 8 2008 820 852
24. T. Lin, X.-Y. Liu, and C. He Ab initio elasticity of poly(lactic acid) crystals J. Phys. Chem. B 114 9 2010 3133 3139
25. H. Liu, N. Chen, S. Fujinami, D. Louzguine-Luzgin, K. Nakajima, and T. Nishi Quantitative nanomechanical investigation on deformation of poly(lactic acid) Macromolecules 45 21 2012 8770 8779
26. H. Lönnberg, L. Fogelström, L. Berglund, E. Malmström, and A. Hult Surface grafting of microfibrillated cellulose with poly(ε-caprolactone) - synthesis and characterization Eur. Polym. J. 44 9 2008 2991 2997
27. J.-J. Luo, and I.M. Daniel Characterization and modeling of mechanical behavior of polymer/clay nanocomposites Compos. Sci. Technol. 63 11 2003 1607 1616
28. A.P. Mathew, K. Oksman, and M. Sain Mechanical properties of biodegradable composites from poly lactic acid (PLA) and microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 97 5 2005 2014 2025
29. R.J. Moon, A. Martini, J. Nairn, J. Simonsen, and J. Youngblood Cellulose nanomaterials review: structure, properties and nanocomposites Chem. Soc. Rev. 40 7 2011 3941 3994
30. T. Mori, and K. Tanaka Average stress in matrix and average elastic energy of materials with misfitting inclusions Acta Metall. 21 5 1973 571 574
31. A.N. Nakagaito, A. Fujimura, T. Sakai, Y. Hama, and H. Yano Production of microfibrillated cellulose (MFC)-reinforced polylactic acid (PLA) nanocomposites from sheets obtained by a papermaking-like process Compos. Sci. Technol. 69 7-8 2009 1293 1297
32. Y. Nishiyama, P. Langan, and H. Chanzy Crystal structure and hydrogen-bonding system in cellulose Iβ from synchrotron X-ray and neutron fiber diffraction J. Am. Chem. Soc. 124 31 2002 9074 9082
33. K. Oksman, M. Skrifvars, and J.F. Selin Natural fibres as reinforcement in polylactic acid (PLA) composites Compos. Sci. Technol. 63 9 2003 1317 1324
34. M. Pääkkö, M. Ankerfors, H. Kosonen, A. Nykänen, S. Ahola, M. Österberg, J. Ruokolainen, J. Laine, P.T. Larsson, O. Ikkala, and T. Lindström Enzymatic hydrolysis combined with mechanical shearing and high-pressure homogenization for nanoscale cellulose fibrils and strong gels Biomacromolecules 8 6 2007 1934 1941
35. A. Papon, H. Montes, M. Hanafi, F. Lequeux, L. Guy, and K. Saalwächter Glass-transition temperature gradient in nanocomposites: evidence from nuclear magnetic resonance and differential scanning calorimetry Phys. Rev. Lett. 108 6 2012 065702
36. S. Pilla, S. Gong, E. O'Neill, L. Yang, and R.M. Rowell Polylactide-recycled wood fiber composites J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 111 1 2009 37 47
37. P. Ravindran, L. Fast, P.A. Korzhavyi, B. Johansson, J. Wills, and O. Eriksson Density functional theory for calculation of elastic properties of orthorhombic crystals: application to TiSi2 J. Appl. Phys. 84 9 1998 4891 4904
38. A.M. Reed, and D.K. Gilding Biodegradable polymers for use in surgery - poly(glycolic)/poly(Iactic acid) homo and copolymers: 2. In vitro degradation Polymer 22 4 1981 494 498
39. R. Rusli, and S.J. Eichhorn Determination of the stiffness of cellulose nanowhiskers and the fiber-matrix interface in a nanocomposite using Raman spectroscopy Appl. Phys. Lett. 93 2008 033111
40. L. Salmén, L. Carlsson, A.D. Ruvo, C. Fellers, and M. Htun A treatise on the elastic and hygroexpansional properties of paper by a composite laminate approach Fibre Sci. Technol 20 4 1984 283 296
41. I. Siró, and D. Plackett Microfibrillated cellulose and new nanocomposite materials: a review Cellulose 17 3 2010 459 494
42. S. Tanpichai, F. Quero, M. Nogi, H. Yano, R.J. Young, T. Lindström, W.W. Sampson, and S.J. Eichhorn Effective young's modulus of bacterial and microfibrillated cellulose fibrils in fibrous networks Biomacromolecules 13 5 2012 1340 1349
43. E.T. Thostenson, Z. Ren, and T.-W. Chou Advances in the science and technology of carbon nanotubes and their composites: a review Compos. Sci. Technol. 61 13 2001 1899 1912
44. L.C. Tomé, R.J. Pinto, E. Trovatti, C.S. Freire, A.J. Silvestre, C.P. Neto, and A. Gandini Transparent bionanocomposites with improved properties prepared from acetylated bacterial cellulose and poly (lactic acid) through a simple approach Green Chem. 13 2 2011 419 427
45. H. Tsuji, and Y. Ikada Properties and morphologies of poly(l-lactide): 1. Annealing condition effects on properties and morphologies of poly(l-lactide) Polymer 36 14 1995 2709 2716
46. A. Walther, I. Bjurhager, J.-M. Malho, J. Pere, J. Ruokolainen, L.A. Berglund, and O. Ikkala Large-area, lightweight and thick biomimetic composites with superior material properties via fast, economic, and green pathways Nano Lett. 10 8 2010 2742 2748
47. J. Whitcomb, and J. Noh Concise derivation of formulas for 3D sublaminate homogenization J. Compos. Mater. 34 6 2000 522 535
48. S. Wong, R. Shanks, and A. Hodzic Interfacial improvements in poly(3-hydroxybutyrate)-flax fibre composites with hydrogen bonding additives Compos. Sci. Technol. 64 9 2004 1321 1330
49. D.D. Wright-Charlesworth, D.M. Miller, I. Miskioglu, and J.A. King Nanoindentation of injection molded PLA and self-reinforced composite PLA after in vitro conditioning for three months J. Biomed. Mater. Res.; Part A 74A 3 2005 388 396