UK stance on adult GH replacement: The economist vs the endocrinologist

European Journal of Endocrinology

Volumn 169, Issue 4, 2013, Pages

  Shalet, S M ^a  

^a CHRISTIE HOSPITAL   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

GROWTH HORMONE; SOMATOMEDIN C; HUMAN GROWTH HORMONE;

ADULT; BODY COMPOSITION; BONE DENSITY; BONE MINERAL; CARDIOVASCULAR MORTALITY; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; CLINICAL PRACTICE; COST EFFECTIVENESS ANALYSIS; DISEASE SEVERITY; DRUG COST; DRUG DOSE TITRATION; DRUG EFFECT; ENDOCRINOLOGIST; FAT MASS; FORCED ECONOMIC MODEL; FRACTURE RISK; GROWTH HORMONE DEFICIENCY; HEALTH ECONOMICS; HORMONE SUBSTITUTION; HUMAN; LEAN BODY WEIGHT; NONBIOLOGICAL MODEL; ONSET AGE; PATIENT SELECTION; PHYSICIAN ATTITUDE; PRACTICE GUIDELINE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; QUALITY ADJUSTED LIFE YEAR; REVIEW; RISK; RISK BENEFIT ANALYSIS; RISK REDUCTION; STANDARDIZED MORTALITY RATIO; UNITED KINGDOM; DWARFISM, PITUITARY; ECONOMICS; ENDOCRINOLOGY; HYPOPITUITARISM; PREVALENCE; STATISTICAL MODEL;

ADULT; DWARFISM, PITUITARY; ENDOCRINOLOGY; GREAT BRITAIN; HUMAN GROWTH HORMONE; HUMANS; HYPOPITUITARISM; MODELS, ECONOMETRIC; PREVALENCE;

EID: 84891713340     PISSN: 08044643     EISSN: 1479683X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1530/EJE-13-0418     Document Type: Review

References (35)

1. Jorgensen JO, Pedersen SA, Thuesen L, Jorgensen J, Ingemann Hansen T, Skakkebaek NE & Christiansen JS. Beneficial effects of growth hormone treatment in GH-deficient adults. Lancet 1989 1 1221-1225. (doi:10.1016/S0140- 6736(89)92328-3) (Pubitemid 19140325)
2. Salomon F, Cuneo RC, Hesp R & Sonksen PH. The effects of treatment with recombinant human growth hormone on body composition and metabolism in adults with growth hormone deficiency. New England Journal of Medicine 1989 321 1797-1803. (doi:10.1056/NEJM198912283212605) (Pubitemid 20015573)
3. McGauley GA, Cuneo RC, Salomon F & Sonksen PH. Psychological well-being before and after growth hormone treatment in adults with growth hormone deficiency. Hormone Research 1990 33 (Suppl) 52-54. (doi:10.1159/ 000181584) (Pubitemid 20261754)
4. Rosen T, Wilhelmsen L, Landin-Wilhelmsen K, Lappas G & Bengtsson BA. Increased fracture frequency in adult patients with hypopituitarism and GH deficiency. European Journal of Endocrinology 1997 137 240-245. (doi:10.1530/eje.0.1370240) (Pubitemid 27405107)
5. Wuster C. Fracture rates in patients with growth hormone deficiency. Hormone Research 2000 54 (Suppl 1) 31-35. (doi:10.1159/000053295) (Pubitemid 32040912)
6. Wuster C, Abs R, Bengtsson BA, Bennmarker H, Feldt-Rasmussen U, Hernberg-Stahl E, Monson JP, Westberg B & Wilton P. The influence of growth hormone deficiency, growth hormone replacement therapy, and other aspects of hypopituitarism on fracture rate and bone mineral density. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research 2001 16 398-405. (doi:10.1359/jbmr. 2001.16.2.398) (Pubitemid 32106717)
7. Rosen T & Bengtsson BA. Premature mortality due to cardiovascular disease in hypopituitarism. Lancet 1990 336 285-288. (doi:10.1016/0140-6736(90) 91812-O) (Pubitemid 20229130)
8. Bates AS, Van't Hoff W, Jones PJ & Clayton RN. The effect of hypopituitarism on life expectancy. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 1996 81 1169-1172. (doi:10.1210/jc.81.3. 1169) (Pubitemid 26083989)
9. Bulow B, Hagmar L, Mikoczy Z, Nordstrom CH & Erfurth EM. Increased cerebrovascular mortality in patients with hypopituitarism. Clinical Endocrinology 1997 46 75-81. (doi:10.1046/j. 1365-2265.1997.d01-1749.x) (Pubitemid 27072849)
10. Bates AS, Bullivant B, Sheppard MC & Stewart PM. Life expectancy following surgery for pituitary tumours. Clinical Endocrinology 1999 50 315-319. (doi:10.1046/j.1365-2265. 1999.00650.x) (Pubitemid 29166710)
11. Nilsson B, Gustavasson-Kadaka E, Bengtsson BA & Jonsson B. Pituitary adenomas in Sweden between 1958 and 1991: incidence, survival and mortality. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 2000 85 1420-1425. (doi:10.1210/jc.85.4. 1420) (Pubitemid 32293559)
12. Tomlinson JW, Holden N, Hills RK, Wheatley K, Clayton RN, Bates AS, Sheppard MC & Stewart PM. Association between premature mortality and hypopituitarism. West Midlands Prospective Hypopituitary Study Group. Lancet 2001 357 425-431. (doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(00)04006-X) (Pubitemid 32156141)
13. Shalet SM. Partial growth hormone deficiency in adults; should we be looking for it? Clinical Endocrinology 2010 73 432-435.
14. Hoffman DM, Ngugen TV, O'Sullivan AJ, Baxter RC & Ho KK. Diagnosis of growth hormone deficiency in adults. Lancet 1994 344 482-483. (doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(94)91821-X) (Pubitemid 24248279)
15. Growth Hormone Research Society. Consensus guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of adults with growth hormone deficiency, summary statement of the Growth Hormone Research Society Workshop on Adult Growth Hormone Deficiency. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 1998 83 379-381. (doi:10.1210/jc.83.2.379)
16. Toogood AA, Beardwell CG & Shalet SM. The severity of growth hormone deficiency in adults with pituitary disease is related to the degree of hypopituitarism. Clinical Endocrinology 1994 41 511-516. (doi:10.1111/j.1365- 2265.1994.tb02583.x) (Pubitemid 24301285)
17. Gotherstrom G, Bengtsson BA, Bosaeus I, Johannsson G & Svensson J. A 10-year prospective study of the metabolic effects of growth hormone replacement in adults. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 2007 92 1442-1445. (doi:10.1210/jc.2006-1487) (Pubitemid 46562361)
18. Holmes SJ & Shalet SM. Factors influencing the desire for long-term growth hormone replacement in adults. Clinical Endocrinology 1995 43 151-157. (doi:10.1111/j.1365-2265. 1995.tb01909.x)
19. Murray RD, Skillicorn CJ, Howell SJ, Lissett CA, Rahim A & Shalet SM. Dose titration and patient selection increases the efficacy of GH replacement in GHD adults. Clinical Endocrinology 1999 50 749-757. (doi:10.1046/j.1365-2265. 1999. 00722.x) (Pubitemid 29284509)
20. Gilchrist FJ, Murray RD & Shalet SM. The effect of long-term untreated growth hormone deficiency (GHD) and 9 years of GH replacement on the quality of life of GH deficient adults. Clinical Endocrinology 2002 57 363-370. (doi:10.1046/j.1365-2265. 2002.01608.x) (Pubitemid 35013816)
21. Gibney J, Wallace JD, Spinks T, Schnorr L, Ranicar A, Cuneo RC, Lockhart S, Burnand KG, Salomon F, Sonksen PH et al. The effects of 10 years of recombinant human growth hormone in adult GH-deficient patients. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 1999 84 2596-2602. (doi:10. 1210/jc.84.8.2596) (Pubitemid 30641978)
22. Koltowska-Haggstrom M, Mattsson AF & Shalet SM. Assessment of quality of life in adult patients with GH deficiency: KIMS contribution to clinical practice and pharmacoeconomic evaluations. European Journal of Endocrinology 2009 161 (Suppl 1) 51-64. (doi:10.1530/EJE-09-0266)
23. Murray RD, Skillicorn CJ, Howell SJ, Lissett CA, Rahim A, Smethurst LE & Shalet SM. Influences on quality of life in GH deficient adults and their effect on response to treatment. Clinical Endocrinology 1999 51 565-573. (doi:10.1046/j.1365-2265. 1999.00838.x)
24. Varewijck AJ, Lamberts SW, Neggers SJ, Hofland LJ & Janssen JA. IGF-I bioactivity might reflect different aspects of quality of life than total IGF-I in GH-deficient patients during GH treatment. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 2013 98 761-768. (doi:10.1210/jc.2012-2901)
25. Van Bunderen CC, van Nieuwpoort C, Arwent LI, Heymans MW, Franken AA, Koppelschaar HP, van der Lely AJ & Drent ML. Does growth hormone replacement therapy reduce mortality in adults with growth hormone deficiency? Data from the Dutch National Registry of growth hormone treatment in adults. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 2011 96 3151-3159. (doi:10.1210/jc.2011- 1215)
26. Svensson J, Bengtsson BA, Rosen T, Oden A & Johannson G. Malignant disease and cardiovascular morbidity in hypopituitary adults with or without growth hormone replacement therapy. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 2004 89 3306-3312. (doi:10.1210/jc.2003-031601) (Pubitemid 38960692)
27. Burman P, Mattsson AF, Johannsson G, Hoybe C, Holmer H, Dahlquist P, Berinder K, Engstrom BE, Ekman B, Erfurth EM et al. Deaths among adult patients with hypopituitarism: hypocortisolism during acute stress and de novo malignant brain tumours contribute to an increased mortality. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 2013 98 1466-1475. (doi:10.1210/jc.2012-4059)
28. Maison P, Griffin S, Nicoue-Beglah M, Haddad N, Balkau B & Chanson P. Impact of GH treatment on cardiovascular risk factors in GH deficient adults: a meta-analysis of blinded randomised placebo-controlled trials. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 2004 89 2192-2199. (doi:10.1210/jc. 2003-030840) (Pubitemid 38619852)
29. Claessen KM, Appelman-Dijkstra NM, Adopotie DM, Roelfsema F, Smit JW, Biermasz NR & Pereira AM. Metabolic profile in growth hormone deficient adults after long-term recombinant human growth hormone therapy. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 2013 98 352-361. (doi:10.1210/jc. 2012-2940)
30. Elbornsson M, Gotherstrom G, Bosaeus I, Bengtssen BA, Johannsson G & Svensson J. Fifteen years of GH replacement increases bone mineral density in hypopituitary patients with adult-onset GH deficiency. European Journal of Endocrinology 2012 166 787-795.
31. Murray RD, Columb B, Adams JE & Shalet SM. Low bone mass is an infrequent feature of the adult growth hormone deficiency syndrome in middle-aged adults and the elderly. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 2004 81 1124-1130. (doi:10.1210/jc.2003-030685) (Pubitemid 38368400)
32. Murray RD, Adams JE & Shalet SM. A densitometric and morphometric analysis of the skeleton in adults with varying degrees of growth hormone deficiency. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 2006 91 432-438. (doi:10.1210/jc.2005-0897) (Pubitemid 43236906)
33. Shalet SM, Shavrikova E, Cromer M, Child CJ, Keller E, Zapletalova J, Moshang T, Blum WF, Chipman JJ, Quigley CA et al. Effect of GH treatment on bone in postpubertal GH deficient patients: a 2 year randomised controlled dose-ranging study. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 2003 88 4124-4129. (doi:10.1210/jc.2003-030126) (Pubitemid 37158031)
34. Holmer H, Svensson J, Rylander L, Johannsson G, Rosen T, Bengtsson BA, Thoren M, Hoybe C, Degerblad M, BramnertMet al. Fracture incidence in GH-deficient patients on complete hormone replacement including GH. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research 2007 22 1842-1850. (doi:10.1359/jbmr.070811) (Pubitemid 351229300)
35. Brabant G, Krogh Rasmussen A, Biller B, Buchfelder M, Feldt-Rasmussen U, Forssmann K, Jonsson B, Koltowska-Haggstrom M, Maiter D, Saller B et al. Clinical implications of residual growth hormone response to provocative testing in adults with severe GH deficiency. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 2007 92 2604-2609. (doi:10.1210/jc.2007-0153) (Pubitemid 47037364)