Voltage-Sourced Converters in Power Systems: Modeling, Control, and Applications

Voltage-Sourced Converters in Power Systems: Modeling, Control, and Applications

Volumn , Issue , 2010, Pages

  Yazdani, Amirnaser ^a   Iravani, Reza ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF WESTERN ONTARIO   (Canada)

^b UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO   (Canada)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84891566019     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1002/9780470551578     Document Type: Book

References (109)

1. N. Hingorani and L. Gyugyi, Understanding FACTS: Concepts and Technology of Flexible AC Transmission Systems, IEEE Press, 2000.
2. Y. H. Song and A. T. Johns, Flexible AC Transmission Systems (FACTS), IEE, 1999.
3. E. Acha, C. R. Fuerte-Esquivel, H. Ambriz-Perez, and C. Angeles-Camacho, FACTS: Modelling and Simulation in Power Networks, Wiley, 2004.
4. E. Acha, V. G. Agelidis, O. Anaya-Lara, and T. J. E. Miller, Power Electronic Control in Electrical Systems, Newnes, 2002.
5. R. M. Mathur and R. Varma, Thyristor-Based FACTS Controllers for Electrical Transmission Systems, Wiley/IEEE, 2002.
6. X. P. Zhang, C. Rehtanz, and B. Pal, Flexible AC Transmission Systems: Modelling and Control, Springer-Verlag, 2006.
7. N. Hatziargyriou, H. Asano, R. Iravani, and C. Marnay, "Microgrids," IEEE Power and Energy Magazine, vol. 5, no. 4, pp. 78-94, July/August 2007.
8. H. Akagi, E. H. Watanabe, and M. Arades, Instantaneous Power Theory and Applications to Power Conditioning, Wiley/IEEE, 2007.
9. T. Larsson, A. Edris, D. Kidd, and F. Aboytes, "Eagle Pass Back-to-Back Tie: A Dual Purpose Application of Voltage Source Converter Technology," IEEE Power Engineering Society Summer Meeting, vol. 3, pp. 1686-1691, July 2001.
10. J. Arillaga, High Voltage Direct Current Transmission, IEE Power Engineering Series 6, Peter Peregrinus Ltd., 1983.
11. V. Sood, HVDC and FACTS Controllers: Applications of Static Converters in Power Systems, Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2004.
12. O. Wasynczuk and N. A. Anwah, "Modeling and Dynamic Performance of a Self-Commutated Photovoltaic Inverter System," IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 322-328, September 1989.
13. M. N. Marwali and A. Keyhani, "Control of Distributed Generation Systems. Part I. Voltages and Currents Control," IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 19, no. 6, pp. 1541-1550, November 2004.
14. K. Satoh and M. Yamamoto, "The Present State of the Art in High Power Semiconductor Devices," Proceedings of the IEEE, vol. 89, no. 6, pp. 813-821, July 2001.
15. B. J. Baliga, "The Future of Power Semiconductor Device Technology," Proceedings of the IEEE, vol. 89, no. 6, pp. 822-832, July 2001.
16. N. Mohan, T. M. Undeland, and W. P. Robbins, Power Electronics, Converters, Applications, and Design, 3rd edition, Wiley, 2003.
17. B. Wu, High-Power Converters and AC Drives, Wiley/IEEE, 2006.
18. A. Alesina and M. G. B. Venturini, "Analysis and Design of Optimum-Amplitude Nine-Switch DirectAC-ACConverters," IEEE Transactions onPower Electronics, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 101-112, January 1989.
19. S. B. Dewan and A. Straughn, Power Semiconductor Circuits, Wiley, 1974.
20. D. G. Holmes and T. A. Lipo, Pulse Width Modulation for Power Converters: Principles and Practice, Wiley/IEEE, 2003.
21. M. Saeedifard, H. Nikkhajoei, R. Iravani, and A. Bakhshai, "A Space Vector Modulation Approach for a Multimodule HVDC Converter System," IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, vol. 22, no. 3, pp. 1643-1654, July 2007.
22. M. Hagiwara, H. Fujita, and H. Akagi, "Performance of a Self-Commutated BTB HVDC Link System Under a Single-Line-to-Ground Fault Condition," IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 18, no. 1, pp. 278-285, January 2003.
23. C. Schauder, M. Gernhardt, E. Stacey, T. Lemak, L. Gyugyi, T.W. Cease, and A. Edris, "Development of ±100 MVAR Static Condenser for Voltage Control of Transmission Systems," IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, vol. 10, no. 3, pp. 1486-1493, July 1995.
24. J. Holtz, "Pulsewidth modulation: A Survey," IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol. 39, no. 5, pp. 410-420, December 1992.
25. H. W. Van Der Broeck, H. Skudelny, and G. V. Stanke, "Analysis and Realization of a Pulsewidth Modulator Based on Voltage Space Vectors," IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, vol. 24, no. 1, pp. 142-150, January/February 1988.
26. R. Wu, S. B. Dewan, and G. R. Slemon, "Analysis of an AC-to-DC Voltage Source Converter UsingPWMwith Phase and Amplitude Control," IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, vol. 27, pp. 355-364, March/April 1991.
27. A. Nabavi Niaki and M. R. Iravani, "Steady-State and Dynamic Models of Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC) for Power System Studies," IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, vol. 11, pp. 1937-1942, November 1996.
28. J. A. Sanders and F. Verhulst, Averaging Methods in Nonlinear Dynamic Systems, Springer-Verlag, 1985.
29. H. A. Khalil, Nonlinear Systems, 3rd edition, Prentice-Hall, 2002.
30. J. G. Kassakian, M. F. Schlecht, and G. C. Verghese, Principles of Power Electronics, Addison-Wesley, 1991.
31. P. T. Krein, J. Bentsman, R. M. Bass, and B. L. Lesieutre, "On the Use of Averaging for the Analysis of Power Electronic Systems," IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 5, pp. 182-190, April 1990.
32. R. W. Erickson and D. Maksimovic, Fundamentals of Power Electronics, 2nd edition, Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2001.
33. E. Davison, "The Robust Control of a Servomechanism Problem for Linear Time-Invariant Multivariable Systems," IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, vol. AC-21, no. 1, pp. 25-34, February 1976.
34. W. M. Wonham, "Towards an Abstract Internal Model Principle," IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, vol. SMC-6, no. 11, pp. 735-740, November 1976.
35. P. J. Antsaklis and O. R. Gonzalez, "Compensator Structure and Internal Models in Tracking and Regulation," Proceedings of 23rd Conference on Decision and Control, Las Vegas, NV, pp. 634-635, December 1984.
36. G. F. Franklin and A. E. Naeini, "Design of Ripple-Free Multivariable Robust Servomechanisms," Proceedings of 23rd Conference on Decision and Control, Las Vegas, NV, pp. 1709-1714, December 1984.
37. J. J. D'Azzo and C. H. Houpis, Linear Control System Analysis and Design: Conventional and Modern, 4th edition, McGraw-Hill, 1995.
38. K. Ogata, Modern Control Engineering, 4th edition, Prentice-Hall, 2001.
39. X. Yuan,W. Merk, H. Stemler, and J. Allmeling, "Stationary-Frame Generalized Integrators for Current Control of Active Power Filters with Zero Steady-State Error for Current Harmonics of Concern Under Unbalanced and Distorted Operating Conditions," IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, vol. 38, no. 2, pp. 523-532, March/April 2002.
40. D. N. Zmood and D. G. Holmes, "Stationary Frame Current Regulation ofPWM Inverters with Zero Steady-State Error," IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 18, no. 3, pp. 814-822, May 2003.
41. H. Akagi,Y. Kanazawa, and A. Nabae, "Instantaneous Reactive Power Compensators Comprising Switching Devices Without Energy Storage Components," IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, vol. IA-20, no. 3, pp. 625-630, May/June 1984.
42. P. Kundur, Power System Stability and Control, McGraw-Hill, 1994.
43. W. Leonhard, Control of Electrical Drives, 3rd edition, Springer-Verlag, 2001.
44. L. Angquist and L. Lindberg, "Inner Phase Angle Control of Voltage Source Converter in High Power Applications," IEEE Power Electronics Specialists Conference PESC 91, pp. 293-298, June 1991.
45. L. Xu, V. G. Agelidis, and E. Acha, "Development Considerations of DSPControlled PWM VSC-Based STATCOM," IEE Proceedings: Electric Power Application, vol. 148, no. 5, pp. 449-455, September 2001.
46. A. R. Bergen, Power System Analysis, Prentice-Hall, 1986.
47. M. C. Chandorkar, D. M. Divan, and R. Adapa, "Control of Parallel Connected Inverters in Standalone AC Supply Systems," IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, vol. 29, no. 1, pp. 136-143, January/February 1993.
48. M. H. Rashid, Power Electronics, Circuits, Devices, and Applications, 3rd edition, Pearson Prentice-Hall, 2003.
49. S. Chung, "A Phase Tracking System for Three Phase Utility Interface Inverters," IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 15, pp. 431-438, May 2000.
50. A. B. Plunkett and F. G. Turnbull, "Load-Commutated Inverter/Synchronous Motor Drive Without a Shaft Position Sensor," IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, vol. IA-15,no. 1, pp. 63-71, January/February 1979.
51. R. Wu and G. R. Slemon, "A Permanent Magnet Motor Drive Without a Shaft Sensor," IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, vol. 27, no. 5, pp. 1005-1011, September/October 1991.
52. T. Noguchi, K. Yamada, S. Kondo, and I. Takahashi, "Initial Rotor Position Estimation Method of Sensorless PM Synchronous Motor with No Sensitivity to Armature Resistance," IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol. 45, no. 1, pp. 118-125, February 1998.
53. P. C. Krause, O. Wasynczuk, and S. D. Sudhoff, Analysis of Electric Machinery, IEEE Press, 1995.
54. P. Vas, Vector Control of AC Machines, Oxford University Press, 1990.
55. K. Thorborg, Power Electronics, Prentice-Hall, 1988.
56. J. S. Lai and F. Z. Peng, "Multilevel Converters: A New Breed of Power Converters," IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, vol. 32, pp. 509-517, May/June 1996.
57. J. Rodriguez, J. Pontt, G. Alzamora, N. Becker, O. Einenkel, and A. Weinstein, "Novel 20-MW Downhill Conveyor System Using Three-Level Converters," IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol. 49, pp. 1093-1100, October 2002.
58. J. Rodriguez, J. S. Lai, and F. Z. Peng, "Multilevel Inverters:ASurvey of Topologies, Control, and Applications," IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol. 49, no. 4, pp. 724-738, August 2002.
59. A. Nabae, I. Takahashi, and H. Akagi, "A New Neutral-Point-Clamped PWM Inverter," IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, vol. IA-17, pp. 518-523, September/October 1981.
60. R. Sommer, A. Mertens, C. Brunotte, and G. Trauth, "Medium Voltage Drive System with NPC Three-Level Inverter Using IGBTs," IEEE PWM Medium Voltage Drives Seminar, pp. 31-35, May 11, 2000.
61. A. Yazdani and R. Iravani, "A Generalized State-Space Averaged Model of the Three-Level NPC Converter for Systematic DC-Voltage-Balancer and Current- Controller Design," IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, vol. 20, no. 2, pp. 1105-1114, April 2005.
62. D. H. Lee, S. R. Lee, and F. C. Lee, "An Analysis of Midpoint Balance for the Neutral-Point-Clamped Three-Level VSI," IEEE Power Electronics Specialists Conference, PESC98, vol. 1, pp. 193-199, May 17-22, 1998.
63. C. Newton and M. Sumner, "A Novel Arrangement for Balancing the Capacitor Voltages of a Five-Level Diode Clamped Inverter," IEE Power Electronics and Variable Speed Drives,no. 456, pp. 465-470, September 21-23, 1998.
64. M. K. Mishra, A. Joshi, and A. Ghosh, "Control Schemes for Equalization of CapacitorVoltages in Neutral Clamped Shunt Compensator," IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, vol. 18, pp. 538-544, April 2003.
65. C. Newton and M. Sumner, "Neutral Point Control for Multi-Level inverters: Theory, Design and Operational Limitations," IEEE Industry Application Society Annual Meeting, pp. 1336-1343, October 5-9, 1997.
66. G. Scheuer and H. Stemmler, "Analysis of a 3-Level-VSI Neutral-Point-Control for Fundamental Frequency Modulated SVC-Applications," IEE AC and DC Power Transmission,no. 423, pp. 303-310, April 29-May 3, 1996.
67. C. Osawa, Y. Matsumoto, T. Mizukami, and S. Ozaki, "A State-Space Modeling and a Neutral-Point Voltage Control for an NPC Power Converter," Power Conversion Conference, vol. 1, pp. 225-230, August 3-6, 1997.
68. M. P. Kazmierkowski and L. Malesani, "Current-Control Techniques for Three- Phase Voltage-Source PWM Converters: A Survey," IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol. 45, no. 5, pp. 691-703, October 1998.
69. C. D. Schauder and R. Caddy, "Current Control of Voltage-Source Inverters for Fast Four-Quadrant Drive Performance," IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol. IA-18, pp. 163-171, March/April 1982.
70. J. A. Houldsworth and D. A. Grant, "The Use of Harmonic Distortion to Increase the Output Voltage of a Three-Phase PWM Inverter," IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, vol. IA-20, pp. 1224-1228, September/October 1984.
71. M. Mohaddes, D. P. Brandt, and K. Sadek, "Analysis and Elimination of Third Harmonic Oscillations in Capacitor Voltages of 3-Level Voltage Source converters," IEEE PES Summer Meeting, vol. 2, pp. 737-741, July 16-20, 2000.
72. A. Yazdani and R. Iravani, "An Accurate Model for the DC-SideVoltage Control of the Neutral Point Diode Clamped Converter," IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, vol. 21, no. 1, pp. 185-193, January 2006.
73. R. Pena, R. Cardenas, R. Blasco, G. Asher, and J. Clare, "A Cage Induction Generator Using Back to BackPWMConverters for Variable Speed Grid Connected Wind Energy System," IEEE Industrial Electronics Conference, IECON'01, vol. 2, pp. 1376-1381, 2001.
74. C. K. Sao, P. W. Lehn, M. R. Iravani, and J. A. Martinez, "A Benchmark System for Digital Time-Domain Simulation of a Pulse-Width-Modulated D-STATCOM," IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, vol. 17, pp. 1113-1120, October 2002.
75. Y. Ye, M. Kazerani, and V. H. Quintana, "Modeling, Control, and Implementation of Three-Phase PWM Converters," IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 18, pp. 857-864, May 2003.
76. P.W. Lehn and M. R. Iravani, "Experimental Evaluation of STATCOM Closed- Loop Dynamics," IEEE Transactions onPower Delivery, vol. 13, pp. 1378-1384, October 1998.
77. T. M. Rowan and R. J. Kerkman, "ANewSynchronous Current Regulator and an Analysis of Current-RegulatedPWMInverters," IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, vol. IA-22,no. 4, pp. 678-690, March/April 1986.
78. V. Kaura and V. Blasko, "Operation of a Phase Locked Loop System Under Distorted Utility Conditions," IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, vol. 33, no. 1, pp. 58-63, January/February 1997.
79. J. Svensson, "Synchronization Methods for Grid-Connected Voltage Source Converters," IEE Proceedings: Generation, Transmission, and Distribution, vol. 148, no. 3, pp. 229-235, May 2001.
80. L. G. B. Rolim, D. R. da Costa, and M. Aredes, "Analysis and Software Implementation of a Robust Synchronizing PLL Circuit Based on pq Theory," IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol. 53, no. 6, pp. 1919-1926, December 2006.
81. D. A. Paice, Power Electronics Converter Harmonics: Multipulse Methods for Clean Power, Wiley/IEEE Press, 1999.
82. C. Schauder and H. Mehta, "Vector Analysis and Control of Advanced Static VAR Compensators," IEE Proceedings C, vol. 140, pp. 299-306, July 1993.
83. A. Yazdani, "Control of an Islanded Distributed Energy Resource Unit with Load Compensating Feed-Forward," IEEE Power Engineering Society General Meeting, 7 pp. July 20-24, 2008.
84. M. B. Delghavi and A. Yazdani, "A Control Strategy for Islanded Operation of a Distributed Resource (DR) Unit," IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting, 8 pp. July 26-30, 2009.
85. H. Karimi, A. Yazdani, and R. Iravani, "Negative Sequence Current Injection for Fast Islanding Detection of a Distributed Resource Unit," IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 23, no. 1, pp. 298-307, January 2008.
86. R. Pena, J. C. Clare, and G. M. Asher, "A Doubly-Fed Induction Generator Using Back-to-Back PWM Converters Supplying an Isolated Load from a Variable Speed Wind Turbine," IEE Proceedings on Power Applications, vol. 143, pp. 380-387, September 1996.
87. S. Muller, M. Deicke, and R. W. De Donker, "Adjustable Speed Generators for Wind Turbines Based on Doubly-Fed Induction Machines and 4-Quadrant IGBT Converters Linked to the Rotor," IEEE Industry Applications Magazine, vol. 8, no. 3, pp. 26-33, May/June 2002.
88. R. Datta and V. T. Ranganathan, "Variable-Speed Wind-Power Generation Using Doubly-Fed Wound-Rotor Induction Machine: A Comparison with Alternative Schemes," IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, vol. 17, no. 3, pp. 414-421, September 2002.
89. D. W. Novotny and T. A. Lipo, Vector Control and Dynamics of AC Drives, Oxford University Press, 1996.
90. B. K. Bose, Power Electronics and Variable Frequency Drives, IEEE Press, 1997.
91. R. Cardenas, R. Pena, G. M. Asher, J. Clare, and R. Blasco-Gimenez, "Control Strategies for Power Smoothing Using a Flywheel Driven by a Sensorless Vector-Controlled Induction Machine Operating in aWide Speed Range," IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol. 51, no. 3, pp. 603-614, June 2004.
92. T. M. Jahns, G. B. Kliman, and T.W. Neumann, "Interior PM Synchronous Motors for Adjustable-Speed Drives," IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, vol. 22, no. 4, pp. 738-747, July/August 1986.
93. B. K. Bose, "A High-Performance Inverter-Fed Drive System of an Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine," IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, vol. 24, no. 6, pp. 987-997, November/December 1988.
94. S.Y. Morimoto, Y. Takeda,T. Hirasa, and K. Taniguchi, "Expansion of Operating Limits for Permanent Magnet Motor by Current Vector Control Considering Inverter Capacity," IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, vol. 26, no. 5, pp. 866-871, September/October 1990.
95. R. Mihalic, P. Zunko, I. Papic, and D. Povh, "Improvement of Transient Stability by Insertion of FACTSDevices," IEEE/NTUAProceedings of AthensPower Tech Conference, APT 93, vol. 2, pp. 521-525, September 1993.
96. J. F. Gronquist, W. A. Sethares, F. L. Alvarado, and R. H. Lasseter, "Power Oscillation Damping Control Strategies for FACTS Devices Using Locally Measurable Quantities," IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, vol. 10, no. 3, pp. 1598-1605, August 1995.
97. E. Stacey, T. Lemak, L. Gyugyi, T.W. Cease, and A. Edris, "Operation of -100 MVAr TVA STATCON," IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, vol. 12, no. 4, pp. 1805-1811, October 1997.
98. M. Noroozian, A. Edris, D. Kidd, and A. J. F. Keri, "The Potential Use of Voltage-Sourced Converter-Based Back-to-BackTie in Load Restoration," IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, vol. 18, pp. 1416-1421, October 2003.
99. G. C. Paap, "Symmetrical Components in the Time-Domain and Their Applications to Power Network Calculations," IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, vol. 15, pp. 522-528, May 2000.
100. L. Moran, P. D. Ziogas, and G. Joos, "Design Aspects of Synchronous PWM Rectifier-Inverter Systems Under Unbalanced Input Voltage Conditions," IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol. 28, no. 6, pp. 1286-1293, November/December 1992.
101. T. Sun, Z. Chen, and F. Blaabjerg, "Flicker Study on Variable Speed Wind Turbines with Doubly-Fed Induction Generators," IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, vol. 20, no. 4, pp. 896-905, December 2005.
102. A. Yazdani and R. Iravani, "A Neutral-Point Clamped Converter System for Direct-Drive Variable-Speed Wind Power Unit," IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, vol. 21, no. 2, pp. 596-607, June 2006.
103. M. Chinchilla, S. Arnaltes, and J. C. Burgos, "Control of Permanent-Magnet Generators Applied to Variable-Speed Wind-Energy Systems Connected to the Grid," IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, vol. 21, no. 1, pp. 130-135, March 2006.
104. P. M. Anderson and A. Bose, "Stability Simulations ofWind Turbine Systems," IEEE Transactions on Power Apparatus and Systems, vol. PAS-102, pp. 3791-3795, December 1983.
105. M. P. Kazmierkowski, R. Krishnan, and F. Blaabjerg, Control in Power Electronics, Selected Problems, Academic Press, 2002.
106. S. Heier, Grid Integration of Wind Energy Conversion Systems, 2nd edition, Wiley, 2006.
107. J. G. Slootweg, H. Polinder, and W. L. Kling, "Representing Wind Turbine Electrical Generating Systems in Fundamental Frequency Simulations," IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, vol. 18, no. 4, pp. 516-524, December 2003.
108. Y. D. Song and B. Dhinakaran, "Nonlinear Variable Speed Control ofWind Turbines," IEEE Proceedings of International Conference on Control Applications, pp. 814-819, August 1999.
109. G. R. Slemon, "Modelling of Induction Machines for Electric Drives," IEEE Industry Application Society Annual Meeting, pp. 111-115, 1988.