Plasmid copy number and disease severity in naturally occurring ocular chlamydia trachomatis infection

Journal of Clinical Microbiology

Volumn 52, Issue 1, 2014, Pages 324-327

  Last, Anna R ^a   Roberts, Chrissy H ^a   Cassama, Eunice ^b   Nabicassa, Meno ^b   Molina Gonzalez, Sandra ^a   Burr, Sarah E ^a,c   Mabey, David C W ^a   Bailey, Robin L ^a   Holland, Martin J ^a  

^a LONDON SCHOOL OF HYGIENE AND TROPICAL MEDICINE   (United Kingdom)

^b Programa Nacional de Saude de Visao   (Guinea-Bissau)

^c Medical Research Council Unit The Gambia   (Gambia)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

VIRULENCE FACTOR;

ADULT; AGED; ARTICLE; BACTERIAL CHROMOSOME; BACTERIAL LOAD; BACTERIAL VIRULENCE; CHLAMYDIA TRACHOMATIS; COPY NUMBER VARIATION; DISEASE SEVERITY; DNA EXTRACTION; DROPLET DIGITAL POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; ENDEMIC DISEASE; FEMALE; GENETIC ASSOCIATION; HUMAN; INFANT; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; PHENOTYPE; PLASMID; POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; TRACHOMA;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AGED; AGED, 80 AND OVER; BACTERIAL LOAD; CHILD; CHILD, PRESCHOOL; CHLAMYDIA TRACHOMATIS; FEMALE; GENE DOSAGE; HUMANS; INFANT; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; PLASMIDS; SEVERITY OF ILLNESS INDEX; TRACHOMA; VIRULENCE; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 84891502344     PISSN: 00951137     EISSN: 1098660X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1128/JCM.02618-13     Document Type: Article

References (26)

1. Kari L, Whitmire WM, Olivares-Zavaleta N, Goheen MM, Taylor LD, Carlson JH, Sturdevant GL, Lu C, Bakios LE, Randall LB, Parnell MJ, Zhong G, Caldwell HD. 2011. A live-attenuated chlamydial vaccine prevents against trachoma in non-human primates. J. Exp. Med. 208:2217-2223. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem. 20111266.
2. Frazer LC, Darville T, Chandra-Kuntal K, Andrews CW, Jr, Zurenski M, Mintus M, AbdelRahmen YM, Belland RJ, Ingalls RR, O'Connell CM. 2012. Plasmid-cured Chlamydia caviae activates TLR2-dependent signaling and retains virulence in the guinea pig model of genital tract infection. PLoS One 7:e30747. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone .0030747.
3. O'Connell CM, AbdelRahman YM, Green E, Darville HK, Saira K, Smith B, Darville T, Scurlock AM, Meyer CR, Belland RJ. 2011. Tolllike receptor 2 activation by Chlamydia trachomatis is plasmid dependent, and plasmid-responsive chromosomal loci are coordinately regulated in response to glucose limitation by C. trachomatis but not by C. muridarum. Infect. Immun. 79:1044-1056. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/IAI.01118-10.
4. Russell M, Darville T, Chandra-Kuntal K, Smith B, Andrews CW, Jr, O'Connell CM. 2011. Infectivity acts as in vivo selection for maintenance of the chlamydial cryptic plasmid. Infect. Immun. 79:98-107. http://dx.doi.org/10. 1128/IAI.01105-10.
5. Song L, Carlson JH, Whitmire WM, Kari L, Virtaneva K, Sturdevant DE, Watkins H, Zhou B, Sturdevant GL, Porcella SF, McClarty G, Caldwell HD. 2013. Chlamydia trachomatis plasmid-encoded pgp4 is a transcriptional regulator of virulence associated genes. Infect. Immun. 81:636. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/ IAI.01305-12.
6. Carlson JH, Whitmire WM, Crane DD, Wicke L, Virtaneva K, Sturdevant DE, Kupko JJ, III, Porcella SF, Martinez-Orengo N, Heinzen RA, Kari L, Caldwell HD. 2008. The Chlamydia trachomatis plasmid is a transcriptional regulator of chromosomal genes and a virulence factor. Infect. Immun. 76:2273-2283. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/IAI.00102-08.
7. Pickett MA, Everson JS, Pead PJ, Clarke IN. 2005. The plasmids of Chlamydia trachomatis and Chlamydophila pneumoniae (N16): Accurate determination of copy number and the paradoxical effect of plasmidcuring agents. Microbiology 151:893-903. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/mic .0.27625-0.
8. Seth-Smith HM, Harris SR, Persson K, Marsh P, Barron A, Bignall A, Bjartling C, Clarke L, Cutcliffe LT, Lambden PR, Lennard N, Lockey SJ, Quail MA, Salim O, Skilton RJ, Wang Y, Holland MJ, Parkhill J, Thomson NR, Clarke IN. 2009. Co-evolution of genomes and plasmids within Chlamydia trachomatis and the emergence in Sweden of a new variant strain. BMC Genomics 10:239-249. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2164-10-239.
9. Ferreira R, Borges V, Nunes A, Borrego MJ, Gomes JP. 2013. Assessment of the load and transcriptional dynamics of Chlamydia trachomatis plasmid according to strains' tissue tropism. Microbiol. Res. 168:333-339. http://dx.doi.org/10. 1016/j.micres.2013.02.001.
10. Dawson CR, Jones BR, Tarizzo ML. 1981. Guide to trachoma control in programs for the prevention of blindness. World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.
11. Thylefors B, Dawson CR, Jones BR, West SK, Taylor HR. 1987. A simple system for the assessment of trachoma and its complications. Bull. World Health Organ. 65:477-483.
12. Keenan JD, Lakew T, Alemayehu W, Melese M, Porco TC, Yi E, House JI, Zhou Z, Ray KJ, Acharya NR, Whitcher JP, Gaynor BD, Lietman TM. 2010. Clinical activity and polymerase chain reaction evidence of chlamydial infection after repeated mass antibiotic treatments for trachoma. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. 82:482-487. http://dx.doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.2010.09-0315.
13. Stare D, Harding-Esch E, Muñoz B, Bailey R, Mabey D, Holland M, Gaydos C, West S. 2011. Design and baseline data of a randomised trial to evaluate coverage and frequency of mass treatment with azithromycin: The Partnership for the Rapid Elimination of Trachoma (PRET) in Tanzania and The Gambia. Ophthalmic Epidemiol. 18:20-29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/09286586.2010. 545500.
14. Roberts CH, Last A, Molina-Gonzalez S, Cassama E, Butcher R, Nabicassa M, McCarthy E, Burr SE, Mabey DC, Bailey RL, Holland MJ. 2013. Development and evaluation of a next generation digital PCR diagnostic assay for ocular Chlamydia trachomatis infections. J. Clin. Microbiol. 51:2195-2203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JCM.00622-13.
15. Hindson CM, Chevillet JR, Briggs HA, Gallichotte EN, Ruf IK, Hindson BJ, Vessella RL, Tewari M. 2013. Absolute quantification by droplet digital PCR versus analog real-time PCR. Nat. Methods 10:1003-1005. http://dx.doi.org/10. 1038/nmeth.2633.
16. Palmer L, Falkow S. 1986. A common plasmid of Chlamydia trachomatis. Plasmid 16:52-62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0147-619X(86)90079-X.
17. Tam JE, Davis CH, Thresher RJ, Wyrick P. 1992. Location of the origin of replication for the 7.5-kb Chlamydia trachomatis plasmid. Plasmid 27: 231-236. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0147-619X(92)90025-6.
18. Twigg AJ, Sheratt D. 1980. Trans-complementable copy-number mutants of plasmid ColE1. Nature 283:216-218. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/283216a0.
19. Thomas NS, Lusher M, Storey CC, Clarke IN. 1997. Plasmid diversity in chlamydia. Microbiology 143:1847-1854. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/00221287-143-6- 1847.
20. An Q, Radcliffe G, Vassallo R, Buxton G, O'Brien WJ, Pelletier DA, Weisberg WG, Klinger JD, Olive DM. 1992. Infection with a plasmidfree variant Chlamydia related to Chlamydia trachomatis identified by using multiple assays for nucleic acid detection. J. Clin. Microbiol. 30: 2814-2821.
21. Peterson EM, Markoff BA, Schacter J, de la Maza LM. 1990. The 7.5kb plasmid present in Chlamydia trachomatis is essential for the growth of the micro-organism. Plasmid 23:144-148. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0147-619X(90) 90033-9.
22. Nunes A, Borrego MJ, Gomes JP. 2013. Genomic features beyond C. trachomatis phenotypes: What do we think we know? Infect. Genet. Evol. 16:392-400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.meegid.2013.03.018.
23. O'Connell CM, Ingalls RR, Andrews CW, Jr, Scurlock AM, Darville T. 2007. Plasmid-deficient Chlamydia muridarum fail to induce immune pathology and protect against oviduct disease. J. Immunol. 179:4027-4034.
24. Comanducci M, Manetti L, Bini A, Santucci A, Pallini V, Cevenini R, Sueur JM, Orfila J, Ratti G. 1994. Humoral immune response to plasmid protein pgp-3 in patients with Chlamydia trachomatis infection. Infect. Immun. 62:5491-5497.
25. Kari L, Whitmire WM, Carlson JH, Crane DD, Reveneau N, Nelson DE, Mabey DCW, Bailey RL, Holland MJ, McClarty G, Caldwell HD. 2008. Pathogenic diversity among Chlamydia trachomatis ocular strains in nonhuman primates is affected by subtle genomic variations. J. Infect. Dis. 197:449-456. http://dx.doi.org/10. 1086/525285.
26. Miyairi I, Laxton JD, Wang X, Obert CA, Arva Tatireddigari VR, van Rooijen N, Hatch TP, Byrne GI. 2011. Chlamydia psittaci genetic variants differ in virulence by modulation of host immunity. J. Infect. Dis. 204: 654-663. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jir333.