Increases in the prevalence of reduced visual acuity and myopia in Chinese children in Guangzhou over the past 20 years

Eye (Basingstoke)

Volumn 27, Issue 12, 2013, Pages 1353-1358

  Xiang, F ^a,b   He, M ^a,c   Zeng, Y ^a   Mai, J ^d   Rose, K A ^e   Morgan, I G ^b  

^a SUN YAT SEN UNIVERSITY   (China)

^b AUSTRALIAN NATIONAL UNIVERSITY   (Australia)

^c HELEN KELLER INTERNATIONAL   (United States)

^d Middle and Primary Schools   (China)

^e UNIVERSITY OF SYDNEY   (Australia)

Author keywords

Epidemiology; Longitudinal; Myopia

Indexed keywords

ADOLESCENT; ARTICLE; CHILD; CHILDHOOD DISEASE; CHINESE; COMPARATIVE STUDY; FEMALE; HUMAN; MALE; MYOPIA; PRESCHOOL CHILD; PREVALENCE; SCHOOL CHILD; SEX DIFFERENCE; VISUAL ACUITY;

ADOLESCENT; ASIAN CONTINENTAL ANCESTRY GROUP; CHILD; CHILD, PRESCHOOL; CHINA; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; MYOPIA; PREVALENCE; VISION DISORDERS; VISUAL ACUITY;

EID: 84890513385     PISSN: 0950222X     EISSN: 14765454     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1038/eye.2013.194     Document Type: Article

References (25)

1. Wu HM, Seet B, Yap EP, Saw SM, Lim TH, Chia KS. Does education explain ethnic differences in myopia prevalence? A population-based study of young adult males in Singapore. Optom Vis Sci 2001; 78: 234-239.
2. He M, Zeng J, Liu Y, Xu J, Pokharel GP, Ellwein LB. Refractive error and visual impairment in urban children in southern china. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2004; 45: 793-799.
3. Lin LL, Shih YF, Hsiao CK, Chen CJ. Prevalence of myopia in Taiwanese schoolchildren: 1983 to 2000. Ann Acad Med Singapore 2004; 33: 27-33.
4. Zhao J, Pan X, Sui R, Munoz SR, Sperduto RD, Ellwein LB. Refractive error study in children: results from Shunyi District, China. Am J Ophthalmol 2000; 129: 427-435.
5. He M, Huang W, Zheng Y, Huang L, Ellwein LB. Refractive error and visual impairment in school children in rural southern China. Ophthalmology 2007; 114: 374-382.
6. Congdon N, Wang Y, Song Y, Choi K, Zhang M, Zhou Z et al. Visual disability, visual function, and myopia among rural chinese secondary school children: the Xichang Pediatric Refractive Error Study (X-PRES)-report 1. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2008; 49: 2888-2894.
7. Qian YS, Chu RY, He JC, Sun XH, Zhou XT, Zhao NQ et al. Incidence of myopia in high school students with and without red-green color vision deficiency. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2009; 50: 1598-1605.
8. He M, Zheng Y, Xiang F. Prevalence of myopia in urban and rural children in mainland China. Optom Vis Sci 2009; 86: 40-44.
9. Wu MM, Edwards MH. The effect of having myopic parents: an analysis of myopia in three generations. Optom Vis Sci 1999; 76: 387-392.
10. Shih YF, Chiang TH, Lin LL. Lens thickness changes among schoolchildren in Taiwan. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2009; 50: 2637-2644.
11. Goh WS, Lam CS. Changes in refractive trends and optical components of Hong Kong Chinese aged 19-39 years. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt 1994; 14: 378-382.
12. Lam CS, Goh WS, Tang YK, Tsui KK, Wong WC, Man TC. Changes in refractive trends and optical components of Hong Kong Chinese aged over 40 years. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt 1994; 14: 383-388.
13. Matsumura H, Hirai H. Prevalence of myopia and refractive changes in students from 3 to 17 years of age. Surv Ophthalmol 1999; 44(Suppl 1): S109-S115.
14. Morgan I, Rose K. How genetic is school myopia? Prog Retin Eye Res 2005; 24: 1-38.
15. Tong L, Saw SM, Tan D, Chia KS, Chan WY, Carkeet A et al. Sensitivity and specificity of visual acuity screening for refractive errors in school children. Optom Vis Sci 2002; 79: 650-657.
16. Leone JF, Mitchell P, Morgan IG, Kifley A, Rose KA. Use of visual acuity to screen for significant refractive errors in adolescents: is it reliable? Arch Ophthalmol 2010; 128: 894-899.
17. Peckham CS, Gardiner PA, Goldstein H. Acquired myopia in 11-year-old children. BMJ 1977; 1: 542-545.
18. Chew SJ, Chia SC, Lee LK. The pattern of myopia in young Singaporean men. Singapore Med J 1988; 29: 201-211.
19. Tay MT, Au Eong KG, Ng CY, Lim MK. Myopia and educational attainment in 421,116 young Singaporean males. Ann Acad Med Singapore 1992; 21: 785-791.
20. Au Eong KG, Tay TH, Lim MK. Education and myopia in 110,236 young Singaporean males. Singapore Med J 1993; 34: 489-492.
21. World Health Organization. International Statistical Classification of Diseases, Injuries and Causes of Death 10th Revision (ICD-10). WHO: Geneva, Switzerland, 1993.
22. Xiang F, He M, Morgan IG. The impact of parental myopia on myopia in Chinese Children: population-based evidence. Optom Vis Sci (E-pub) 2012; 89: 1487-1496.
23. Jones LA, Sinnott LT, Mutti DO, Mitchell GL, Moeschberger ML, Zadnik K. Parental history of myopia, sports and outdoor activities, and future myopia. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2007; 48: 3524-3532.
24. Rose KA, Morgan IG, Ip J, Kifley A, Huynh S, Smith W et al. Outdoor activity reduces the prevalence of myopia in children. Ophthalmology 2008; 115: 1279-1285.
25. Rose K, Smith W, Morgan I, Mitchell P. The increasing prevalence of myopia: implications for Australia. Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2001; 29: 116-120.