Perspectives of carbon nanotubes/polymer nanocomposites for wind blade materials

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

Volumn 30, Issue , 2014, Pages 651-660

  Ma, Peng Cheng ^a,b   Zhang, Yi ^c  

^a XINJIANG TECHNICAL INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY   (China)

^b INSTITUTE OF GEOLOGY AND GEOPHYSICS   (China)

^c BEIJING INSTITUTE OF SPACECRAFT SYSTEM ENGINEERING   (China)

Author keywords

Carbon nanotubes; Damage analysis; Fatigue; Multi functional properties; Polymer nanocomposites; Wind blades

Indexed keywords

COST EFFECTIVENESS; FATIGUE DAMAGE; FATIGUE OF MATERIALS; INTERNATIONAL TRADE; NANOCOMPOSITES; WIND POWER; YARN; CARBON; MECHANICAL PROPERTIES; STRENGTH OF MATERIALS;

BARRIER PROPERTIES; CARBON BASED MATERIALS; DAMAGE ANALYSIS; MULTI-FUNCTIONAL; POLYMER NANOCOMPOSITE; POLYMER-BASED NANOCOMPOSITES; SENSORY MATERIALS; WIND BLADES;

CARBON NANOTUBES;

EID: 84889030177     PISSN: 13640321     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2013.11.008     Document Type: Review

References (54)

1. Global wind energy council. Global wind statistics. 〈http://www. gwec.net/wp-content/uploads/2013/02/GWEC-PRstats-2012-english.pdf〉; 2012 [accessed 10.09.13].
2. The world wind energy association, annual report. 〈http://www. wwindea.org/webimages/WorldWindEnergyReport2012-final.pdf〉; 2012 [accessed 10.09.13].
3. European wind energy association, wind energy - the facts: a guide to the technology, economics and future of wind power. Earthscan; 2009.
4. Loos MR, Yang J, Feke DL, Manas-Zloczower I. Carbon nanotubes in wind turbine blades. SPE plastics research online; 2010. doi: 10.1002/spepro.004173.
5. P.C. Ma, and J.K. Kim Carbon nanotubes for polymer Reinforcement. Boca 2011 CRC Press Raton (Chapters 1, 4, 5)
6. R. Castellano Alternative energy technologies 2012 Old City Publishing Inc Philadelphia 54
7. P.M. Ajayan, L.S. Schadler, and P.V. Braun Nanocomposite science and technology 2003 Wiley-VCH Weinheim 77 80
8. P.C. Ma, B.Z. Tang, and J.K. Kim Effect of CNT decoration with silver nanoparticles on electrical conductivity of CNT-polymer composites Carbon 46 2008 1497 1505
9. P. Brøndsted, H. Lilh (Pubitemid 41319487)
10. L. Mishnaevsky Jr Composite materials for wind energy applications: micromechanical modeling and future directions Comput Mech 50 2012 195 207
11. Y. Golfman Hybrid anisotropic materials for wind power turbine blades 2012 CRC Press Boca Raton 55
12. P.C. Ma, M.Y. Liu, H. Zhang, SQ Wang, R Wang, and JK Kim Enhanced electrical conductivity of nanocomposites containing hybrid fillers of carbon nanotubes and carbon black ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 1 2009 1090 1096
13. J. Zhao, L. Liu, Q. Guo, J. Shi, G. Zhai, and J. Song Growth of carbon nanotubes on the surface of carbon fibers Carbon 46 2008 380 383
14. P.M. Ajayan, O. Stephan, C. Colliex, and D. Trauth Aligned carbon nanotube arrays formed by cutting a polymer resin-nanotube composite Science 265 1994 1212 1214 (Pubitemid 24292785)
15. E.T. Thostenson, Z.F. Ren, and T.W. Chou Advances in the science and technology of CNTs and their composites: a review Compos Sci Technol 61 2001 1899 1912
16. R.F. Gibson, E.O. Ayorinde, and Y.F. Wen Vibrations of carbon nanotubes and their composites: a review Compos Sci Technol 67 2007 1 28 (Pubitemid 44698338)
17. P.C. Ma, N.A. Siddiqui, G. Marom, and J.K. Kim Dispersion and functionalization of carbon nanotubes for polymer-based nanocomposites: a review Compos A 41 2010 1345 1367
18. Y. Geng, M.Y. Liu, J. Li, X.M. Shi, and J.K. Kim Effects of surfactant treatment on mechanical and electrical properties of CNT/epoxy nanocomposites Compos A 39 2008 1876 1883
19. H. Qian, E.S. Greenhalgh, M.S.P. Shaffer, and A. Bismarck Carbon nanotube-based hierarchical composites: a review J Mater Chem 20 2010 4751 4762
20. S.U. Khan, and J.K. Kim Impact and delamination failure of multiscale carbon nanotube-fiber reinforced polymer composites: a review Int J Aeronaut Space Sci 12 2011 115 133
21. Carbon nanotube enhanced glass fiber. http://www.appliednanotech.net/ tech/cnt-fiberglass.php [accessed 10.09.13].
22. Loos MR, Loos CRO, Feke DL, Manas-Zloczower I, Younes U, Unal S, et al. World's first carbon nanotube reinforced polyurethane wind blades. 〈http://engineering.case.edu/emac/news/Carbon-Nanotube-Reinforced〉 [accessed 10.09.13].
23. A. Movaghghar, and G.I. Lvov A method of estimating wind turbine blade fatigue life and damage Int J Damage Mech 21 2012 810 821
24. P. Malhotra, R.W. Hyers, J.F. Manwell, and J.G. McGowan A review and design study of blade testing systems for utility-scale wind turbines Renew Sustain Energy Rev 16 2012 284 292
25. M.R. Loos, J. Yang, D.L. Feke, and I. Manas-Zloczower Enhanced fatigue life of carbon nanotube-reinforced epoxy composites Polym Eng Sci 52 2012 1882 1887
26. W. Zhang, R.C. Picu, and N. Koratkar Suppression of fatigue crack growth in carbon nanotube composites Appl Phys Lett 91 2007 193109
27. W. Zhang, R.C. Picu, and N. Koratkar The effect of carbon nanotube dimensions and dispersion on the fatigue behavior of epoxy nanocomposites Nanotechnology 19 2008 285709
28. C.S. Grimmer, and C.K.H. Dharan High-cycle fatigue of hybrid carbon nanotube/glass fiber/polymer composites J Mater Sci 43 2008 4487 4492
29. L. Böger, J. Sumfleth, H. Hedemann, and K. Schulte Improvement of fatigue life by incorporation of nanoparticles in glass fibre reinforced epoxy Compos A 41 2010 1419 1424
30. D.C. Davis, J.W. Wilkerson, J. Zhu, and D.O.O. Ayewah Improvements in mechanical properties of a carbon fiber epoxy composite using nanotube science and technology Compos Struct 92 2010 2653 2662
31. IEC 61400-24. Wind turbine generator systems. Part 24: Lighting protection. International Electrotechnical Commission. Geneva, Switzerland; 2010.
32. F. Rachidi, M. Rubinstein, and A. Smorgonskiy Lighting protection of large wind turbine blades S.M. Muyeen, Wind energy conversion systems: technology and trends 2012 Springer London 227 228
33. S.L. Gao, R.C. Zhuang, J. Zhang, J.W. Liu, and E. Mäder Glass fibers with carbon nanotube networks as multifunctional sensors Adv Funct Mater 20 2010 1885 1893
34. Jensen MVRS, Erichsen HV. European patent: wind turbine blade with lighting receptors comprising carbon nanotubes. Application number: 08865641.8, publication date: 01/23/2013.
35. W. Bauhofer, and J.Z. Kovacs A review and analysis of electrical percolation in carbon nanotube polymer composites Compos Sci Technol 69 2009 1486 1498
36. N.A. Isitman, and C. Kaynak Nanoclay and carbon nanotubes as potential synergists of an organophosphorus flame-retardant in poly(methyl methacrylate) Polym Degrad Stab 95 2010 1523 1532
37. S.M. Lee Handbook of composite reinforcements 1992 Wiley-VCH CA 308
38. D.R. Paul, and L.M. Robeson Polymer nanotechnology: nanocomposites Polymer 49 2008 3187 3204
39. M.Y. Liu, H.G. Zhu, N.A. Siddiqui, C.K.Y. Leung, and J.K. Kim Glass fibers with clay nanocomposite coating: improved barrier resistance in alkaline environment Compos A 42 2011 2051 2059
40. R.A. Khan, D. Dussault, S. Salmieri, A. Safrany, and M. Lacroix Mechanical and barrier properties of carbon nanotube reinforced PCL-based composite films: effect of gamma radiation J Appl Polym Sci 127 2013 3962 3969
41. L. Guadagno, L. Vertuccio, A. Sorrentino, M. Raimondo, C. Naddeo, and V. Vittoria Mechanical and barrier properties of epoxy resin filled with multi-walled carbon nanotubes Carbon 47 2009 2419 2430
42. P.C. Ma, J.W. Liu, S.L. Gao, and E. Mäder Development of functional glass fibres with nanocomposite coating: a comparative study Composites A 44 2013 16 22
43. P.J. Schubel, R.J. Crossley, E.K.G. Boateng, and J.R. Hutchinson Review of structural health and cure monitoring techniques for large wind turbine blades Renew Energy 51 2013 113 123
44. B. Harris Engineering composite materials 2nd ed. 1999 Cambridge University Press Cambridge 29
45. T.S. Yeh, C.S. Chu, and Y.L. Lo Highly sensitive optical fiber oxygen sensor using Pt(II) complex embedded in sol-gel matrices Sens Actuators B 119 2006 701 707
46. H. Nagai, and R. Oishi Shape memory alloys as strain sensors in composites Smart Mater Struct 15 2006 493 498
47. B. Fiedler, F.H. Gojny, M.H.G. Wichmann, W. Bauhofer, and K. Schulte Can carbon nanotubes be used to sense damage in composites? Ann Chim Sci Mater 29 2004 81 94 (Pubitemid 40039479)
48. E.T. Thostenson, and T.W. Chou Carbon nanotube networks: sensing of distributed strain and damage for life prediction and self healing Adv Mater 18 2006 2837 2841 (Pubitemid 44759486)
49. K. Schulte, and C. Baron Load and failure analyses of CFRP laminates by means of electrical resistivity measurements Compos Sci Technol 36 1989 63 76 (Pubitemid 20667146)
50. I. Weber, and P. Schwartz Monitoring bending fatigue in carbon-fibre/epoxy composite strands: a comparison between mechanical and resistance techniques Compos Sci Technol 61 2001 849 853 (Pubitemid 32489550)
51. X.F. Zhou, and H.D. Wagner Fragmentation of two-fiber hybrid microcomposites: stress concentration factors and interfacial adhesion Compos Sci Technol 60 2000 367 377 (Pubitemid 30195004)
52. J.L. Stanford, P.A. Lovell, C. Thongpin, and R.J. Young Experimental studies on the interfacial shear-transfer mechanism in discontinuous glass-fibre composites Compos Sci Technol 60 2000 361 365 (Pubitemid 30195003)
53. P. Sureeyatanapas, and R.J. Young SWNT composite coatings as a strain sensor on glass fibres in model epoxy composites Compos Sci Technol 69 2009 1547 1552
54. L. Liu, P.C. Ma, M. Xu, S.U. Khan, and J.K. Kim Strain-sensitive Raman spectroscopy and electrical resistance of carbon nanotube-coated glass fibre sensors Compos Sci Technol 72 2012 1548 1555