Adult Attachment, Love Styles, Relationship Experiences and Subjective Well-Being: Cross-Cultural and Gender Comparison between Americans, Portuguese, and Mozambicans

Social Indicators Research

Volumn 119, Issue 2, 2014, Pages 823-852

  Galinha, Iolanda Costa ^a,b   Oishi, Shigehiro ^c   Pereira, Cicero Roberto ^d   Wirtz, Derrick ^e   Esteves, Francisco ^b,f  

^a UNIVERSIDADE AUTÓNOMA DE LISBOA   (Portugal)

^b INSTITUTO UNIVERSITÁRIO DE LISBOA ISCTE IUL   (Portugal)

^c UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA   (United States)

^d INSTITUTO DE CIÊNCIAS SOCIAIS   (Portugal)

^e EAST CAROLINA UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^f MID SWEDEN UNIVERSITY   (Sweden)

Author keywords

Adult attachment; Cross cultural; Gender; Love styles; Relationship experiences; Subjective well being

Indexed keywords

EID: 84888811036     PISSN: 03038300     EISSN: 15730921     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s11205-013-0512-7     Document Type: Article

References (73)

1. Ainsworth, M. D. S. (1989). Attachments beyond infancy. American Psychologist,44, 709–716.
2. Arbuckle, J. L. (2009). AMOS 18 reference guide (Version 18) (Computer software). Chicago, IL: SPSS Inc.
3. Berscheid, E. (2003). The human’s greatest strength: Other humans. A psychology of human strengths: Fundamental questions and future directions for a positive psychology (pp. 37–47). Washington, DC, US: American Psychological Association.
4. Birnbaum, G. E. (2007). Attachment orientations, sexual functioning, and relationship satisfaction in a community sample of women. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships,24, 21–35.
5. Bogaert, A. F., & Sadava, S. (2002). Adult attachment and sexual behavior. Personal Relationships,9, 191–204.
6. Bollen, K. A. (1989). Structural equations with latent variables. New York: Wiley.
7. Bowlby, J. (1969). Attachment and loss, Vol. 1: Attachment. New York: Basic Books.
8. Buss, D. M. (2004). Evolutionary psychology (2nd ed.) Boston: Allyn and Bacon.
9. Butzer, B., & Campbell, L. (2008). Adult attachment, sexual satisfaction, and relationship satisfaction: A study of married couples. Personal Relationships,15(1), 141–154.
10. Canary, D. J., Emmers-Sommer, T. M., & Faulkner, S. (1997). Sex and gender: Differences in personal relationships. New York, NY US: Guilford Press.
11. Canavarro, M. (1999). Relações afectivas e saúde mental. Coimbra: Quarteto Editora.
12. Collins, N. L., & Ford, M. B. (2010). Responding to the needs of others: The caregiving behavioral system in intimate relationships. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships,27, 235–244.
13. Collins and Read. (1990a). Adult attachment, working models, and relationship quality in dating couples. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,58(4), 644–663.
14. Collins, N. L., & Read, S. J. (1990b). Adult attachment, working models, and relationship quality in dating couples. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,58, 644–663.
15. Davies, F. (2001). Socially desirable responding and impression management in the endorsement of love styles. The Journal of Psychology,135, 562–570.
16. Demir, M. (2008). Sweetheart, you really make me happy: Romantic relationship quality and personality as predictors of happiness among emerging adults. Journal of Happiness Studies,9, 257–277.
17. Diener, E., & Biswas-Diener, R. (2008). Happiness: Unlocking the mysteries of psychological wealth. Malden: Blackwell Publishing.
18. Diener, E., Emmons, R. A., Larsen, R. J., & Griffin, S. (1985). The satisfaction with life scale. Journal of Personality Assessment,49, 71–75.
19. Diener, E., & Lucas, R. E. (2000). Explaining differences in societal levels of happiness: Relative standards, need fulfillment, culture, and evaluation theory. Journal of Happiness Studies,1, 41–78.
20. Diener, E., & Ryan, K. (2009). Subjective well-being: A general overview. South African Journal of Psychology,39(4), 391–406.
21. Dion, K. K., & Dion, K. L. (2006). Individualism, Collectivism, and the Psychology of Love. In R. J. Sternberg & K. Weis (Eds.), The new psychology of love (pp. 298–312). New Haven, CT US: Yale University Press.
22. Eagley, A. H., & Wood, W. (2003). The origins of sex differences in human behavior: Evolved dispositions versus social roles. In C. B. Travis (Ed.), Evolution, gender, and rape (pp. 383–411). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
23. Feeney, J. A., & Noller, P. (1990). Attachment style as a predictor of adult romantic relationships. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,58, 281–291.
24. Feeney, J. A., & Noller, P. (2004). Attachment and sexuality in close relationships. In J. H. Harvey, A. Wenzel, & S. Sprecher (Eds.), Handbook of sexuality in close relationships (pp. 183–201). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
25. Frazier, P. A., & Esterly, E. (1990). Correlates of relationship beliefs: Gender, relationship experience and relationship satisfaction. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships,7(3), 331–352. doi:10.1177/0265407590073003.
26. Galinha, I., & Pais-Ribeiro, J. (2008). The structure and stability of subjective well-being: A structure equation of modelling analysis. Applied Research In Quality Of Life,3(4), 293–314. doi:10.1007/s11482-009-9063-0.
27. Galinha, I., & Ribeiro, J. (2005). Contribuição para o estudo da versão portuguesa da positive and negative affect schedule (PANAS): II-Estudo Psicométrico. Análise Psicológica,23, 219–227.
28. Hazan, C., & Shaver, P. (1987). Romantic love conceptualized as an attachment process. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,52, 511–524.
29. Hendrick, C., & Hendrick, S. S. (1989). Research on love: Does it measure up? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,56(5), 784–794. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.56.5.784.
30. Hendrick, C., & Hendrick, S. S. (1991). Dimensions of love: A sociobiological interpretation. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology,10, 206–230. doi:10.1521/jscp.1991.10.2.206.
31. Hendrick, S. S., & Hendrick, C. (1993). Lovers as friends. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships,10(3), 459–466. doi:10.1177/0265407593103011.
32. Hendrick, S. S., & Hendrick, C. (1995). Gender differences and similarities in sex and love. Personal Relationships,2(1), 55–65. doi:10.1111/j.1475-6811.1995.tb00077.x.
33. Hendrick, S. S., Hendrick, C., & Adler, N. L. (1988). Romantic relationships: Love, satisfaction, and staying together. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,54, 980–988.
34. Hendrick, C., Hendrick, S. S., & Dicke, A. (1998). The love attitudes scale: Short form. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships,15, 147–159.
35. Hensley, W. (1996). The effect of a ludos love style on sexual experience. Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal,24, 205–212.
36. Hofstede, G. (1980). Culture’s consequences. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.
37. House, R. J., Hanges, P. J., Javidan, M., Dorfman, P. W., & Gupta, V. (2004). Culture, leadership and organizations: The GLOBE study of 62 societies. CA: Sage.
38. Inman-Amos, J., Hendrick, S., & Hendrick, C. (1994). Love attitudes: Similarities between parents and children. Family Relations. Special Issue: Family processes and child and adolescent development: A special issue,43, 456–461.
39. International Wellbeing Group (2006). Personal Wellbeing Index. Melbourne: Australian centre on quality of life, Deakin University. http://www.deakin.edu.au/research/acqol/instruments/wellbeing-index/pwi-a-english.pdf Retrieved at 8/2011.
40. Jackson, D. L., Gillaspy, J. A., & Purc-Stephenson, R. (2009). Reporting practices in confirmatory factor analysis: An overview and some recommendations. Psychological Methods,14(1), 6–23.
41. Kanemasa, Y., Taniguchi, J., Daibo, I., & Ishimori, M. (2004). Love styles and romantic love experiences in Japan. Social Behavior and Personality,32, 265–282.
42. Kim, J., & Hatfield, E. (2004). Love types and subjective well-being: A cross cultural study. Social Behavior and Personality,32(2), 173–182. doi:10.2224/sbp.2004.32.2.173.
43. Kline, R. B. (2010). Principles and practice of structural equation modeling (3rd ed.). New York: Guilford Press.
44. Lee, J. A. (1973). The colors of love: An exploration of the ways of loving. Don Mills, Ontario: New Press.
45. Lee, J. A. (1977). A typology of styles of loving. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin,3, 173–182.
46. Levine, R., Sato, S., Hashimoto, T., & Verma, J. (1995). Love and marriage in eleven cultures. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology,26, 554–571.
47. Levy, M. B., & Davis, K. E. (1988). Lovestyles and attachment styles compared: Their relations to each other and to various relationship characteristics. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships,5, 439–471.
48. Lin, L., & Huddleston-Casas, C. A. (2005). Agape love in couple relationships. Marriage and Family Review,37(4), 29–48. doi:10.1300/J002v37n04_03.
49. McCarthy, G., & Maughan, B. (2010). Negative childhood experiences and adult love relationships: the role of internal working models of attachment. Attachment and Human Development,12, 445–461.
50. Meeks, S., Hendrick, S., & Hendrick, C. (1998). Communication, love and relationship satisfaction. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships,15(6), 755.
51. Mikulincer, M., & Shaver, P. R. (2005). Attachment theory and emotions in close relationships: Exploring the attachment-related dynamics of emotional reactions to relational events. Personal Relationships,12, 149–168.
52. Mikulincer, M., & Shaver, P. R. (2007). Attachment in adulthood: Structure, dynamics, and change. New York: Guilford Press.
53. Montgomery, M., & Sorell, G. (1997). Differences in love attitudes across family life stages. Family Relations,46, 55–61.
54. Myers, D. (2000). The funds, friends and faith of happy people. American Psychologist,55, 56–67.
55. Neto, F. (1993). Satisfaction with life scale: Psychometric properties in an adolescent sample. Journal of Youth and Adolescence,22(2), 125–134.
56. Neto, F. (1994). Love styles among Portuguese students. The Journal of Psychology,128(5), 613–616.
57. OECD, The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (2012). Mozambique. In Social institutions and gender index (SIGI) Retrieved from http://genderindex.org/country/mozambique#_ftnref13.
58. Oishi, S., Graham, J., Kesebir, S., and Galinha, I. C. (2013). Concepts of happiness across time and cultures. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin. Retrived at http://psp.sagepub.com/content/39/5/559.full.pdf+html.
59. Özer, B., & Tezer, E. (2008). Love attitude styles as the predictors of positive and negative affect. Turkish Psychological Counseling and Guidance Journal,3(30), 28–29.
60. Reis, H. T., Collins, W., & Berscheid, E. (2000). The relationship context of human behavior and development. Psychological Bulletin,126, 844–872.
61. Remshard, M. (1999). Adult attachment styles, love styles, sexual attitudes, and sexual behaviors of college students. Dissertation Abstracts International, 59.
62. Ribeiro, J., & Cummins, R. (2008). O bem-estar pessoal: estudo de validação da versão portuguesa da escala. In L. Leal, J. Pais-Ribeiro, I. Silva, & S. Marques (Eds.), Actas do 7º congresso nacional de psicologia da saúde (pp. 505–508). Lisboa: ISPA.
63. Skolski, D. M., & Hendrick, S. S. (1999). Fostering marital satisfaction. Family Therapy,26, 39–49.
64. Sprecher, S., & Fehr, B. (2010). Dispositional attachment and relationship-specific attachment as predictors of compassionate love for a partner. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships,28, 558–574.
65. Tomlinson, J., Carmichael, C., Reis, H., & Aron, A. (2010). Affective forecasting and individual differences: Accuracy for relational events and anxious attachment. Emotion,10(3), 447–453.
66. Triandis, H. C. (1989). The self and social behavior in differing cultural contexts. Psychological Review,96(3), 506–520.
67. United Nations Development Program (2013). International human development indicators: Gender inequality index. Retrieved from http://hdrstats.undp.org/en/indicators/68606.html.
68. Van IJzendoorn, M. H., & Bakermans-Kranenburg, M. J. (2010). Invariance of adult attachment across gender, age, culture, and socioeconomic status? Journal Of Social and Personal Relationships,27(2), 200–208. doi:10.1177/0265407509360908.
69. Van Ijzendoorn, M. H., & Sagi-Schwartz, A. (2008). Cross-cultural patterns of attachment: Universal and contextual dimensions. In J. Cassidy & P. R. Shaver (Eds.), Handbook of attachment: Theory, research, and clinical applications (2nd ed., pp. 880–905). New York, NY US: Guilford Press.
70. Wada, M. (1994). Construction of a romantic love attitude scale. Japanese Journal Of Experimental Social Psychology,34(2), 153–163. doi:10.2130/jjesp.34.153.
71. Watson, D., Clark, L. A., & Tellegen, A. (1988). Development and validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect: The PANAS scales. Journal of Psychology,54(6), 1063–1070.
72. Yancey, G., & Berglass, S. (1991). Love styles and life satisfaction. Psychological Reports,68(3, Pt 1), 883–890. doi:10.2466/PR0.68.3.883-890.
73. Yancey, G. B., & Eastman, R. L. (1995). Comparison of undergraduates with older adults on love styles and life satisfaction. Psychological Reports,76(3), 1211.