메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 68, Issue 1, 2014, Pages 1-7

Oral toxicity of silver ions, silver nanoparticles and colloidal silver - A review

Author keywords

Ag; Argyria; Cardiac hypertrophy; Colloidal; Nanoparticle; Neurotoxicity; Neurotransmitter; Silver; Toxicity; Toxicology

Indexed keywords

ACETATE SILVER; COLLARGOL; LIVER ENZYME; NEUROTRANSMITTER; SILVER; SILVER DERIVATIVE; SILVER NANOPARTICLE; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

EID: 84888802356     PISSN: 02732300     EISSN: 10960295     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2013.11.002     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (450)

References (82)
  • 1
    • 0019479784 scopus 로고
    • Argyria-tissue deposition of silver as selenide
    • (Copyright (C) 2013 U.S. National Library of Medicine)
    • Aaseth J., Olsen A., Halse J., Hovig T. Argyria-tissue deposition of silver as selenide. Scand. J. Clin. Lab. Invest. 1981, 41:247-251. (Copyright (C) 2013 U.S. National Library of Medicine).
    • (1981) Scand. J. Clin. Lab. Invest. , vol.41 , pp. 247-251
    • Aaseth, J.1    Olsen, A.2    Halse, J.3    Hovig, T.4
  • 2
    • 67651093954 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • History of the medical use of silver
    • Alexander J.W. History of the medical use of silver. Surg. Infect. (Larchmt) 2009, 10(3):289-292.
    • (2009) Surg. Infect. (Larchmt) , vol.10 , Issue.3 , pp. 289-292
    • Alexander, J.W.1
  • 3
    • 80051532158 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization of translocation of silver nanoparticles and effects on whole-genome gene expression using an in vitro intestinal epithelium coculture model
    • Bouwmeester H., Poortman J., Peters R.J., et al. Characterization of translocation of silver nanoparticles and effects on whole-genome gene expression using an in vitro intestinal epithelium coculture model. ACS Nano 2011, 5(5):4091-4103.
    • (2011) ACS Nano , vol.5 , Issue.5 , pp. 4091-4103
    • Bouwmeester, H.1    Poortman, J.2    Peters, R.J.3
  • 4
    • 27944489615 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In vitro cytotoxicity of nanoparticles in mammalian germline stem cells
    • Braydich-Stolle L., Hussain S., Schlager J.J., Hofmann M.C. In vitro cytotoxicity of nanoparticles in mammalian germline stem cells. Toxicol. Sci. 2005, 88(2):412-419.
    • (2005) Toxicol. Sci. , vol.88 , Issue.2 , pp. 412-419
    • Braydich-Stolle, L.1    Hussain, S.2    Schlager, J.J.3    Hofmann, M.C.4
  • 5
    • 55949113520 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Unique cellular interaction of silver nanoparticles: size-dependent generation of reactive oxygen species
    • Carlson C., Hussain S.M., Schrand A.M., et al. Unique cellular interaction of silver nanoparticles: size-dependent generation of reactive oxygen species. J. Phys. Chem. B 2008, 112(43):13608-13619.
    • (2008) J. Phys. Chem. B , vol.112 , Issue.43 , pp. 13608-13619
    • Carlson, C.1    Hussain, S.M.2    Schrand, A.M.3
  • 6
    • 52449097520 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of acute responses of mice livers to short-term exposure to nano-sized or micro-sized silver particles
    • Cha K., Hong H.W., Choi Y.G., et al. Comparison of acute responses of mice livers to short-term exposure to nano-sized or micro-sized silver particles. Biotechnol. Lett. 2008, 30(11):1893-1899. 10.1007/s10529-008-9786-2.
    • (2008) Biotechnol. Lett. , vol.30 , Issue.11 , pp. 1893-1899
    • Cha, K.1    Hong, H.W.2    Choi, Y.G.3
  • 7
    • 33845592906 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A case of argyria after colloidal silver ingestion
    • Chang A.L., Khosravi V., Egbert B. A case of argyria after colloidal silver ingestion. J. Cutaneous Pathol. 2006, 33(12):809-811. 10.1111/j.1600-0560.2006.00557.x.
    • (2006) J. Cutaneous Pathol. , vol.33 , Issue.12 , pp. 809-811
    • Chang, A.L.1    Khosravi, V.2    Egbert, B.3
  • 8
    • 51249184380 scopus 로고
    • Trace-element intake and excretion in Italian population
    • Clemente G.F., Cignarossi L., Santaroni G.P. Trace-element intake and excretion in Italian population. J. Radioanal. Chem. 1977, 37(2):549-558. 10.1007/Bf02519367.
    • (1977) J. Radioanal. Chem. , vol.37 , Issue.2 , pp. 549-558
    • Clemente, G.F.1    Cignarossi, L.2    Santaroni, G.P.3
  • 9
    • 0015924242 scopus 로고
    • Deposition of ingested silver in the rat kidney at different ages
    • (Copyright (C) 2013 American Chemical Society (ACS). All Rights Reserved)
    • Creasey M., Moffat D.B. Deposition of ingested silver in the rat kidney at different ages. Experientia 1973, 29:326-327. (Copyright (C) 2013 American Chemical Society (ACS). All Rights Reserved).
    • (1973) Experientia , vol.29 , pp. 326-327
    • Creasey, M.1    Moffat, D.B.2
  • 10
    • 0030572640 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bile secretion of cadmium, silver, zinc and copper in the rat. Involvement of various transport systems
    • (Copyright (C) 2013 U.S. National Library of Medicine)
    • Dijkstra M., Havinga R., Vonk R.J., Kuipers F. Bile secretion of cadmium, silver, zinc and copper in the rat. Involvement of various transport systems. Life Sci. 1996, 59:1237-1246. (Copyright (C) 2013 U.S. National Library of Medicine).
    • (1996) Life Sci. , vol.59 , pp. 1237-1246
    • Dijkstra, M.1    Havinga, R.2    Vonk, R.J.3    Kuipers, F.4
  • 11
    • 0018933345 scopus 로고
    • Silver retention, total body silver and tissue silver concentrations in argyria associated with exposure to an anti-smoking remedy containing silver acetate
    • (Copyright (C) 2013 U.S. National Library of Medicine)
    • East B.W., Boddy K., Williams E.D., Macintyre D., McLay A.L. Silver retention, total body silver and tissue silver concentrations in argyria associated with exposure to an anti-smoking remedy containing silver acetate. Clin. Exp. Dermatol. 1980, 5:305-311. (Copyright (C) 2013 U.S. National Library of Medicine).
    • (1980) Clin. Exp. Dermatol. , vol.5 , pp. 305-311
    • East, B.W.1    Boddy, K.2    Williams, E.D.3    Macintyre, D.4    McLay, A.L.5
  • 12
    • 84996465324 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • EFSA, 2012. Guidance on selected default values to be used by the EFSA Scientific Committee, Scientific Panels and Units in the absence of actual measured data. 10 (3). European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), Parma, Italy, EFSA Journal10(3)2579, p 2579, Available from: <>.
    • EFSA, 2012. Guidance on selected default values to be used by the EFSA Scientific Committee, Scientific Panels and Units in the absence of actual measured data. 10 (3). European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), Parma, Italy, EFSA Journal10(3)2579, p 2579, Available from: <>. http://www.efsa.europa.eu/en/efsajournal/doc/2579.pdf.
  • 13
    • 0032468979 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lack of genotoxicity of silver iodide in the SCE assay in vitro, in vivo, and in the Ames/microsome test
    • Eliopoulos P., Mourelatos D. Lack of genotoxicity of silver iodide in the SCE assay in vitro, in vivo, and in the Ames/microsome test. Teratogen. Carcinog. Mutagen. 1998, 18(6):303-308.
    • (1998) Teratogen. Carcinog. Mutagen. , vol.18 , Issue.6 , pp. 303-308
    • Eliopoulos, P.1    Mourelatos, D.2
  • 14
    • 84878008509 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toxicity, distribution, and accumulation of silver nanoparticles in Wistar rats
    • (doi: Unsp 1702)
    • Espinosa-Cristobal L.F., Martinez-Castanon G.A., Loyola-Rodriguez J.P., et al. Toxicity, distribution, and accumulation of silver nanoparticles in Wistar rats. J. Nanopart. Res. 2013, 15(6). (doi: Unsp 1702). 10.1007/S11051-013-1702-6.
    • (2013) J. Nanopart. Res. , vol.15 , Issue.6
    • Espinosa-Cristobal, L.F.1    Martinez-Castanon, G.A.2    Loyola-Rodriguez, J.P.3
  • 15
    • 84888797799 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • EU, Scientific Committee on Emerging and Newly Identified Health Risks (SCENIHR) modified Opinion (after public consultation) on The appropriateness of existing methodologies to assess the potential risks associated with engineered and adventitious products of nanotechnologies. 10 March 2006 ed. The European Commission, <>
    • EU, 2006. Scientific Committee on Emerging and Newly Identified Health Risks (SCENIHR) modified Opinion (after public consultation) on The appropriateness of existing methodologies to assess the potential risks associated with engineered and adventitious products of nanotechnologies. 10 March 2006 ed. The European Commission, <>, p. 1-79. http://ec.europa.eu/health/ph_risk/committees/04_scenihr/docs/scenihr_o_003b.pdf.
    • (2006) , pp. 1-79
  • 16
    • 0014366110 scopus 로고
    • Comparative metabolism of radionuclides in mammals-IV. Retention of silver-110m in the mouse, rat, monkey, and dog
    • (Copyright (C) 2013 U.S. National Library of Medicine)
    • Furchner J.E., Richmond C.R., Drake G.A. Comparative metabolism of radionuclides in mammals-IV. Retention of silver-110m in the mouse, rat, monkey, and dog. Health Phys. 1968, 15:505-514. (Copyright (C) 2013 U.S. National Library of Medicine).
    • (1968) Health Phys. , vol.15 , pp. 505-514
    • Furchner, J.E.1    Richmond, C.R.2    Drake, G.A.3
  • 17
    • 0021222901 scopus 로고
    • Chromium, Selenium, and Other trace-element intakes of a selected sample of Canadian premenopausal women
    • Gibson R.S., Scythes C.A. Chromium, Selenium, and Other trace-element intakes of a selected sample of Canadian premenopausal women. Biol. Trace Elem. Res. 1984, 6(2):105-116. 10.1007/Bf02916928.
    • (1984) Biol. Trace Elem. Res. , vol.6 , Issue.2 , pp. 105-116
    • Gibson, R.S.1    Scythes, C.A.2
  • 18
    • 0015911144 scopus 로고
    • Ultrastructural observations on silver deposition in the choroid plexus of a patient with argyria
    • (Copyright (C) 2013 U.S. National Library of Medicine)
    • Goebel H.H., Muller J. Ultrastructural observations on silver deposition in the choroid plexus of a patient with argyria. Acta Neuropathol. 1973, 26:247-251. (Copyright (C) 2013 U.S. National Library of Medicine).
    • (1973) Acta Neuropathol. , vol.26 , pp. 247-251
    • Goebel, H.H.1    Muller, J.2
  • 19
    • 0013899919 scopus 로고
    • Preliminary report on the cellular effect of intravital silver in the mouse ovary
    • Hadek R. Preliminary report on the cellular effect of intravital silver in the mouse ovary. J. Ultrastruct. Res. 1966, 15(1):66-73.
    • (1966) J. Ultrastruct. Res. , vol.15 , Issue.1 , pp. 66-73
    • Hadek, R.1
  • 20
    • 84866877678 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nanoparticulate silver increases uric acid and allantoin excretion in rats, as identified by metabolomics
    • Hadrup N., Lam H.R., Loeschner K., Mortensen A., Larsen E.H., Frandsen H. Nanoparticulate silver increases uric acid and allantoin excretion in rats, as identified by metabolomics. J. Appl. Toxicol. 2012, 32(11):929-933. 10.1002/jat.2779.
    • (2012) J. Appl. Toxicol. , vol.32 , Issue.11 , pp. 929-933
    • Hadrup, N.1    Lam, H.R.2    Loeschner, K.3    Mortensen, A.4    Larsen, E.H.5    Frandsen, H.6
  • 21
    • 84862856783 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Subacute oral toxicity investigation of nanoparticulate and ionic silver in rats
    • Hadrup N., Loeschner K., Bergstrom A., et al. Subacute oral toxicity investigation of nanoparticulate and ionic silver in rats. Arch. Toxicol. 2012, 86(4):543-551.
    • (2012) Arch. Toxicol. , vol.86 , Issue.4 , pp. 543-551
    • Hadrup, N.1    Loeschner, K.2    Bergstrom, A.3
  • 22
    • 84861185887 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The similar neurotoxic effects of nanoparticulate and ionic silver in vivo and in vitro
    • Hadrup N., Loeschner K., Mortensen A., et al. The similar neurotoxic effects of nanoparticulate and ionic silver in vivo and in vitro. Neurotoxicology 2012, 33(3):416-423. 10.1016/j.neuro.2012.04.008.
    • (2012) Neurotoxicology , vol.33 , Issue.3 , pp. 416-423
    • Hadrup, N.1    Loeschner, K.2    Mortensen, A.3
  • 23
    • 0015379220 scopus 로고
    • Silver deposition in rat glomerular basement membrane
    • (Copyright (C) 2013 U.S. National Library of Medicine)
    • Ham K.N., Tange J.D. Silver deposition in rat glomerular basement membrane. Aust. J. Exp. Biol. Med. Sci. 1972, 50:423-434. (Copyright (C) 2013 U.S. National Library of Medicine).
    • (1972) Aust. J. Exp. Biol. Med. Sci. , vol.50 , pp. 423-434
    • Ham, K.N.1    Tange, J.D.2
  • 24
    • 0015801186 scopus 로고
    • Abundance of the chemical elements in man's diet and possible relations with environmental factors
    • (Copyright (C) 2013 American Chemical Society (ACS). All Rights Reserved)
    • Hamilton E.I., Minski M.J. Abundance of the chemical elements in man's diet and possible relations with environmental factors. Sci. Total Environ. 1973, 1:375-394. (Copyright (C) 2013 American Chemical Society (ACS). All Rights Reserved).
    • (1973) Sci. Total Environ. , vol.1 , pp. 375-394
    • Hamilton, E.I.1    Minski, M.J.2
  • 25
    • 59249096347 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gold- and silver-induced murine autoimmunity-requirement for cytokines and CD28 in murine heavy metal-induced autoimmunity
    • (Copyright (C) 2013 U.S. National Library of Medicine)
    • Havarinasab S., Pollard K.M., Hultman P. Gold- and silver-induced murine autoimmunity-requirement for cytokines and CD28 in murine heavy metal-induced autoimmunity. Clin. Exp. Immunol. 2009, 155:567-576. (Copyright (C) 2013 U.S. National Library of Medicine).
    • (2009) Clin. Exp. Immunol. , vol.155 , pp. 567-576
    • Havarinasab, S.1    Pollard, K.M.2    Hultman, P.3
  • 26
    • 84867885211 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Silver
    • Academic Press, Elsevier, UK, G.F. Nordberg, B.A. Fowler, M. Nordberg, L.T. Friberg (Eds.)
    • Holler J.S., Nordberg G.F., Fowler B.A. Silver. Handbook on the Toxicology of Metals 2007, 809-814. Academic Press, Elsevier, UK. third ed. G.F. Nordberg, B.A. Fowler, M. Nordberg, L.T. Friberg (Eds.).
    • (2007) Handbook on the Toxicology of Metals , pp. 809-814
    • Holler, J.S.1    Nordberg, G.F.2    Fowler, B.A.3
  • 30
    • 0016007141 scopus 로고
    • Inducement of enlarged hearts and muscular dystrophy in turkey poults with dietary silver
    • Jensen L.S., Peterson R.P., Falen L. Inducement of enlarged hearts and muscular dystrophy in turkey poults with dietary silver. Poult. Sci. 1974, 53(1):57-64.
    • (1974) Poult. Sci. , vol.53 , Issue.1 , pp. 57-64
    • Jensen, L.S.1    Peterson, R.P.2    Falen, L.3
  • 31
    • 76749087071 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Histochemical study of intestinal mucins after administration of silver nanoparticles in Sprague-Dawley rats
    • (Copyright (C) 2013 U.S. National Library of Medicine)
    • Jeong G.N., Jo U.B., Ryu H.Y., Kim Y.S., Song K.S., Yu I.J. Histochemical study of intestinal mucins after administration of silver nanoparticles in Sprague-Dawley rats. Arch. Toxicol. 2010, 84:63-69. (Copyright (C) 2013 U.S. National Library of Medicine).
    • (2010) Arch. Toxicol. , vol.84 , pp. 63-69
    • Jeong, G.N.1    Jo, U.B.2    Ryu, H.Y.3    Kim, Y.S.4    Song, K.S.5    Yu, I.J.6
  • 32
    • 78650303031 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fractionating nanosilver: importance for determining toxicity to aquatic test organisms
    • Kennedy A.J., Hull M.S., Bednar A.J., et al. Fractionating nanosilver: importance for determining toxicity to aquatic test organisms. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2010, 44(24):9571-9577.
    • (2010) Environ. Sci. Technol. , vol.44 , Issue.24 , pp. 9571-9577
    • Kennedy, A.J.1    Hull, M.S.2    Bednar, A.J.3
  • 33
    • 42649143562 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Twenty-eight-day oral toxicity, genotoxicity, and gender-related tissue distribution of silver nanoparticles in Sprague-Dawley rats
    • (Copyright (C) 2013 American Chemical Society (ACS). All Rights Reserved)
    • Kim Y.S., Kim J.S., Cho H.S., et al. Twenty-eight-day oral toxicity, genotoxicity, and gender-related tissue distribution of silver nanoparticles in Sprague-Dawley rats. Inhalation Toxicol. 2008, 20:75-583. (Copyright (C) 2013 American Chemical Society (ACS). All Rights Reserved). 10.1080/08958370701874663.
    • (2008) Inhalation Toxicol. , vol.20 , pp. 75-583
    • Kim, Y.S.1    Kim, J.S.2    Cho, H.S.3
  • 34
    • 77955203283 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Subchronic oral toxicity of silver nanoparticles
    • Kim Y.S., Song M.Y., Park J.D., et al. Subchronic oral toxicity of silver nanoparticles. Part. Fibre Toxicol. 2010, 7:20. 10.1186/1743-8977-7-20.
    • (2010) Part. Fibre Toxicol. , vol.7 , pp. 20
    • Kim, Y.S.1    Song, M.Y.2    Park, J.D.3
  • 35
    • 77955697820 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toxicity of silver nanoparticles increases during storage because of slow dissolution under release of silver ions
    • Kittler S., Greulich C., Diendorf J., Koller M., Epple M. Toxicity of silver nanoparticles increases during storage because of slow dissolution under release of silver ions. Chem. Mater. 2010, 22(16):4548-4554. 10.1021/Cm100023p.
    • (2010) Chem. Mater. , vol.22 , Issue.16 , pp. 4548-4554
    • Kittler, S.1    Greulich, C.2    Diendorf, J.3    Koller, M.4    Epple, M.5
  • 36
    • 84865023160 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of silver nanoparticles on rat hepatic cytochrome P450 enzyme activity
    • Kulthong K., Maniratanachote R., Kobayashi Y., Fukami T., Yokoi T. Effects of silver nanoparticles on rat hepatic cytochrome P450 enzyme activity. Xenobiotica 2012, 42(9):854-862. 10.3109/00498254.2012.670312.
    • (2012) Xenobiotica , vol.42 , Issue.9 , pp. 854-862
    • Kulthong, K.1    Maniratanachote, R.2    Kobayashi, Y.3    Fukami, T.4    Yokoi, T.5
  • 37
    • 33947427196 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Critical observations on the neurotoxicity of silver
    • Lansdown A.B. Critical observations on the neurotoxicity of silver. Crit. Rev. Toxicol. 2007, 37(3):237-250.
    • (2007) Crit. Rev. Toxicol. , vol.37 , Issue.3 , pp. 237-250
    • Lansdown, A.B.1
  • 38
    • 84872528608 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A transfer of silver nanoparticles from pregnant rat to offspring
    • (Copyright (C) 2013 American Chemical Society (ACS). All Rights Reserved)
    • Lee Y., Choi J., Kim P., et al. A transfer of silver nanoparticles from pregnant rat to offspring. Toxicol. Res. (Seoul, Repub Korea) 2012, 28:139-141. (Copyright (C) 2013 American Chemical Society (ACS). All Rights Reserved). 10.5487/tr.2012.28.3.139.
    • (2012) Toxicol. Res. (Seoul, Repub Korea) , vol.28 , pp. 139-141
    • Lee, Y.1    Choi, J.2    Kim, P.3
  • 40
    • 77953960234 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Induction of cytotoxicity and apoptosis in mouse blastocysts by silver nanoparticles
    • Li P.W., Kuo T.H., Chang J.H., Yeh J.M., Chan W.H. Induction of cytotoxicity and apoptosis in mouse blastocysts by silver nanoparticles. Toxicol. Lett. 2010, 197(2):82-87.
    • (2010) Toxicol. Lett. , vol.197 , Issue.2 , pp. 82-87
    • Li, P.W.1    Kuo, T.H.2    Chang, J.H.3    Yeh, J.M.4    Chan, W.H.5
  • 41
    • 84860447208 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genotoxicity of silver nanoparticles evaluated using the Ames test and in vitro micronucleus assay
    • Li Y., Chen D.H., Yan J., et al. Genotoxicity of silver nanoparticles evaluated using the Ames test and in vitro micronucleus assay. Mutat. Res. 2012, 745(1-2):4-10. 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2011.11.010.
    • (2012) Mutat. Res. , vol.745 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 4-10
    • Li, Y.1    Chen, D.H.2    Yan, J.3
  • 42
    • 78649617736 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Controlled release of biologically active silver from nanosilver surfaces
    • Liu J.Y., Sonshine D.A., Shervani S., Hurt R.H. Controlled release of biologically active silver from nanosilver surfaces. ACS Nano 2010, 4(11):6903-6913. 10.1021/Nn102272n.
    • (2010) ACS Nano , vol.4 , Issue.11 , pp. 6903-6913
    • Liu, J.Y.1    Sonshine, D.A.2    Shervani, S.3    Hurt, R.H.4
  • 43
    • 84870437215 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chemical transformations of nanosilver in biological environments
    • Liu J., Wang Z., Liu F.D., Kane A.B., Hurt R.H. Chemical transformations of nanosilver in biological environments. ACS Nano 2012, 6(11):9887-9899. 10.1021/nn303449n.
    • (2012) ACS Nano , vol.6 , Issue.11 , pp. 9887-9899
    • Liu, J.1    Wang, Z.2    Liu, F.D.3    Kane, A.B.4    Hurt, R.H.5
  • 44
  • 45
    • 79959900371 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Uptake of silver from metallic silver surfaces induces cell death and a pro-inflammatory response in cultured J774 macrophages
    • Locht L.J., Smidt K., Rungby J., Stoltenberg M., Larsen A. Uptake of silver from metallic silver surfaces induces cell death and a pro-inflammatory response in cultured J774 macrophages. Histol. Histopathol. 2011, 26(6):689-697.
    • (2011) Histol. Histopathol. , vol.26 , Issue.6 , pp. 689-697
    • Locht, L.J.1    Smidt, K.2    Rungby, J.3    Stoltenberg, M.4    Larsen, A.5
  • 46
    • 79957633238 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Distribution of silver in rats following 28days of repeated oral exposure to silver nanoparticles or silver acetate
    • Loeschner K., Hadrup N., Qvortrup K., et al. Distribution of silver in rats following 28days of repeated oral exposure to silver nanoparticles or silver acetate. Part. Fibre Toxicol. 2011, 8(1):18.
    • (2011) Part. Fibre Toxicol. , vol.8 , Issue.1 , pp. 18
    • Loeschner, K.1    Hadrup, N.2    Qvortrup, K.3
  • 47
    • 82955242445 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An evaluation of acute toxicity of colloidal silver nanoparticles
    • (Copyright (C) 2013 American Chemical Society (ACS). All Rights Reserved)
    • Maneewattanapinyo P., Banlunara W., Thammacharoen C., Ekgasit S., Kaewamatawong T. An evaluation of acute toxicity of colloidal silver nanoparticles. J. Vet. Med. Sci. 2011, 73:1417-1423. (Copyright (C) 2013 American Chemical Society (ACS). All Rights Reserved). 10.1292/jvms.11-0038.
    • (2011) J. Vet. Med. Sci. , vol.73 , pp. 1417-1423
    • Maneewattanapinyo, P.1    Banlunara, W.2    Thammacharoen, C.3    Ekgasit, S.4    Kaewamatawong, T.5
  • 48
    • 0019595077 scopus 로고
    • Distribution of silver in the eyes and plasma proteins of the albino rat
    • Matuk Y., Ghosh M., McCulloch C. Distribution of silver in the eyes and plasma proteins of the albino rat. Can. J. Ophthalmol. 1981, 16(3):145-150.
    • (1981) Can. J. Ophthalmol. , vol.16 , Issue.3 , pp. 145-150
    • Matuk, Y.1    Ghosh, M.2    McCulloch, C.3
  • 49
    • 0035181684 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Silver toxicity in an infant of strict vegan parents
    • (Copyright (C) 2013 U.S. National Library of Medicine)
    • McIntyre E., Wilcox J., McGill J., Lewindon P.J. Silver toxicity in an infant of strict vegan parents. J. Pediatr. Gastroenterol. Nutr. 2001, 33:501-502. (Copyright (C) 2013 U.S. National Library of Medicine).
    • (2001) J. Pediatr. Gastroenterol. Nutr. , vol.33 , pp. 501-502
    • McIntyre, E.1    Wilcox, J.2    McGill, J.3    Lewindon, P.J.4
  • 50
    • 1942505913 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Myoclonic status epilepticus following repeated oral ingestion of colloidal silver
    • Mirsattari S.M., Hammond R.R., Sharpe M.D., Leung F.Y., Young G.B. Myoclonic status epilepticus following repeated oral ingestion of colloidal silver. Neurology 2004, 62(8):1408-1410.
    • (2004) Neurology , vol.62 , Issue.8 , pp. 1408-1410
    • Mirsattari, S.M.1    Hammond, R.R.2    Sharpe, M.D.3    Leung, F.Y.4    Young, G.B.5
  • 51
    • 70449701422 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cytotoxic effect and apoptosis induction by silver nanoparticles in HeLa cells
    • Miura N., Shinohara Y. Cytotoxic effect and apoptosis induction by silver nanoparticles in HeLa cells. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 2009, 390(3):733-737.
    • (2009) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. , vol.390 , Issue.3 , pp. 733-737
    • Miura, N.1    Shinohara, Y.2
  • 52
    • 84873269281 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in silver nanoparticles exposed to human synthetic stomach fluid: effects of particle size and surface chemistry
    • Mwilu S.K., El Badawy A.M., Bradham K., et al. Changes in silver nanoparticles exposed to human synthetic stomach fluid: effects of particle size and surface chemistry. Sci. Total Environ. 2013, 447:90-98. 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.12.036.
    • (2013) Sci. Total Environ. , vol.447 , pp. 90-98
    • Mwilu, S.K.1    El Badawy, A.M.2    Bradham, K.3
  • 53
    • 57449106334 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toxicity of silver nanoparticles to Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
    • Navarro E., Piccapietra F., Wagner B., et al. Toxicity of silver nanoparticles to Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2008, 42(23):8959-8964.
    • (2008) Environ. Sci. Technol. , vol.42 , Issue.23 , pp. 8959-8964
    • Navarro, E.1    Piccapietra, F.2    Wagner, B.3
  • 55
    • 0016833691 scopus 로고
    • Mutagenic activities of metal-compounds in bacteria
    • Nishioka H. Mutagenic activities of metal-compounds in bacteria. Mutat. Res. 1975, 31(3):185-189. 10.1016/0165-1161(75)90088-6.
    • (1975) Mutat. Res. , vol.31 , Issue.3 , pp. 185-189
    • Nishioka, H.1
  • 56
    • 0030004845 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Argyria and convulsive seizures caused by ingestion of silver in a patient with schizophrenia
    • (Copyright (C) 2013 U.S. National Library of Medicine)
    • Ohbo Y., Fukuzako H., Takeuchi K., Takigawa M. Argyria and convulsive seizures caused by ingestion of silver in a patient with schizophrenia. Psychiatry Clin. Neurosci. 1996, 50:89-90. (Copyright (C) 2013 U.S. National Library of Medicine).
    • (1996) Psychiatry Clin. Neurosci. , vol.50 , pp. 89-90
    • Ohbo, Y.1    Fukuzako, H.2    Takeuchi, K.3    Takigawa, M.4
  • 57
    • 84877555106 scopus 로고
    • Experimental argyrosis. 3. Pigmentation of the eyes of rats following ingestion of silver during long periods of time
    • Olcott C.T. Experimental argyrosis. 3. Pigmentation of the eyes of rats following ingestion of silver during long periods of time. Am. J. Pathol. 1947, 23(5):783-791.
    • (1947) Am. J. Pathol. , vol.23 , Issue.5 , pp. 783-791
    • Olcott, C.T.1
  • 58
    • 80052052631 scopus 로고
    • Experimental argyrosis. 4. Morphologic changes in the experimental animal
    • Olcott C.T. Experimental argyrosis. 4. Morphologic changes in the experimental animal. Am. J. Pathol. 1948, 24(4):813-833.
    • (1948) Am. J. Pathol. , vol.24 , Issue.4 , pp. 813-833
    • Olcott, C.T.1
  • 59
    • 80052052631 scopus 로고
    • Experimental argyrosis; morphologic changes in the experimental animal
    • Olcott C.T. Experimental argyrosis; morphologic changes in the experimental animal. Am. J. Pathol. 1948, 24(4):813-833.
    • (1948) Am. J. Pathol. , vol.24 , Issue.4 , pp. 813-833
    • Olcott, C.T.1
  • 60
    • 0013450083 scopus 로고
    • Experimental argyrosis. 5. Hypertrophy of the left ventricle of the heart in rats ingesting silver salts
    • Olcott C.T. Experimental argyrosis. 5. Hypertrophy of the left ventricle of the heart in rats ingesting silver salts. Arch. Pathol. 1950, 49(2):138-149.
    • (1950) Arch. Pathol. , vol.49 , Issue.2 , pp. 138-149
    • Olcott, C.T.1
  • 61
    • 0013450083 scopus 로고
    • Experimental argyrosis; hypertrophy of the left ventricle of the heart in rats ingesting silver salts
    • Olcott C.T. Experimental argyrosis; hypertrophy of the left ventricle of the heart in rats ingesting silver salts. AMA Arch. Pathol. 1950, 49(2):138-149.
    • (1950) AMA Arch. Pathol. , vol.49 , Issue.2 , pp. 138-149
    • Olcott, C.T.1
  • 62
    • 70449218206 scopus 로고
    • Experimental argyrosis. VI. Electron microscopic study of ingested silver in the kidney of the rat
    • (Copyright (C) 2013 U.S. National Library of Medicine)
    • Olcott C.T., Richter G.W. Experimental argyrosis. VI. Electron microscopic study of ingested silver in the kidney of the rat. Lab. Invest. 1958, 7:103-109. (Copyright (C) 2013 U.S. National Library of Medicine).
    • (1958) Lab. Invest. , vol.7 , pp. 103-109
    • Olcott, C.T.1    Richter, G.W.2
  • 63
    • 84885461658 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of particle size and coating on nanoscale Ag and TiO(2) exposure in zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos
    • Osborne O.J., Johnston B.D., Moger J., et al. Effects of particle size and coating on nanoscale Ag and TiO(2) exposure in zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos. Nanotoxicology 2012, 10.3109/17435390.2012.737484.
    • (2012) Nanotoxicology
    • Osborne, O.J.1    Johnston, B.D.2    Moger, J.3
  • 64
    • 77955419251 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Repeated-dose toxicity and inflammatory responses in mice by oral administration of silver nanoparticles
    • Park E.J., Bae E., Yi J., et al. Repeated-dose toxicity and inflammatory responses in mice by oral administration of silver nanoparticles. Environ. Toxicol. Pharmacol. 2010, 30(2):162-168. 10.1016/j.etap.2010.05.004.
    • (2010) Environ. Toxicol. Pharmacol. , vol.30 , Issue.2 , pp. 162-168
    • Park, E.J.1    Bae, E.2    Yi, J.3
  • 65
    • 79955060872 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bioavailability and Toxicokinetics of citrate-coated silver nanoparticles in rats
    • (Copyright (C) 2013 American Chemical Society (ACS). All Rights Reserved)
    • Park K., Park E.-J., Chun I.K., et al. Bioavailability and Toxicokinetics of citrate-coated silver nanoparticles in rats. Arch. Pharmacol. Res. 2011, 34:153-158. (Copyright (C) 2013 American Chemical Society (ACS). All Rights Reserved). 10.1007/s12272-011-0118-z.
    • (2011) Arch. Pharmacol. Res. , vol.34 , pp. 153-158
    • Park, K.1    Park, E.-J.2    Chun, I.K.3
  • 66
    • 0037447572 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Accumulation of silver from drinking water into cerebellum and musculus soleus in mice
    • (Copyright (C) 2013 American Chemical Society (ACS). All Rights Reserved)
    • Pelkonen K.H.O., Heinonen-Tanski H., Hanninen O.O.P. Accumulation of silver from drinking water into cerebellum and musculus soleus in mice. Toxicology 2003, 186:151-157. (Copyright (C) 2013 American Chemical Society (ACS). All Rights Reserved). 10.1016/s0300-483x(02)00743-6.
    • (2003) Toxicology , vol.186 , pp. 151-157
    • Pelkonen, K.H.O.1    Heinonen-Tanski, H.2    Hanninen, O.O.P.3
  • 67
    • 84888799956 scopus 로고
    • Localization of silver in the spleen of argyric rats by energy dispersive X-ray analysis coupled with scanning and transmission electron microscopy
    • (Copyright (C) 2013 American Chemical Society (ACS). All Rights Reserved)
    • Pereira G. Localization of silver in the spleen of argyric rats by energy dispersive X-ray analysis coupled with scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Proc. - Annu Meet. Electron Microsc. Soc. Am. 1977, 35:504-505. (Copyright (C) 2013 American Chemical Society (ACS). All Rights Reserved).
    • (1977) Proc. - Annu Meet. Electron Microsc. Soc. Am. , vol.35 , pp. 504-505
    • Pereira, G.1
  • 68
    • 0015725678 scopus 로고
    • Effect of silver-induced enlarged hearts during the first 4weeks of life on subsequent performance of turkeys
    • Peterson R.P., Jensen L.S., Harrison P.C. Effect of silver-induced enlarged hearts during the first 4weeks of life on subsequent performance of turkeys. Avian Dis. 1973, 17(4):802-806.
    • (1973) Avian Dis. , vol.17 , Issue.4 , pp. 802-806
    • Peterson, R.P.1    Jensen, L.S.2    Harrison, P.C.3
  • 70
    • 84863411578 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alterations in physical state of silver nanoparticles exposed to synthetic human stomach fluid
    • Rogers K.R., Bradham K., Tolaymat T., et al. Alterations in physical state of silver nanoparticles exposed to synthetic human stomach fluid. Sci. Total Environ. 2012, 420:334-339. 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.01.044.
    • (2012) Sci. Total Environ. , vol.420 , pp. 334-339
    • Rogers, K.R.1    Bradham, K.2    Tolaymat, T.3
  • 71
    • 0022495541 scopus 로고
    • Experimental argyrosis: ultrastructural localization of silver in rat eye
    • (Copyright (C) 2013 U.S. National Library of Medicine)
    • Rungby J. Experimental argyrosis: ultrastructural localization of silver in rat eye. Exp. Mol. Pathol. 1986, 45:22-30. (Copyright (C) 2013 U.S. National Library of Medicine).
    • (1986) Exp. Mol. Pathol. , vol.45 , pp. 22-30
    • Rungby, J.1
  • 72
    • 0020618017 scopus 로고
    • Localization of exogenous silver in brain and spinal cord of silver exposed rats
    • (Copyright (C) 2013 U.S. National Library of Medicine)
    • Rungby J., Danscher G. Localization of exogenous silver in brain and spinal cord of silver exposed rats. Acta Neuropathol. 1983, 60:92-98. (Copyright (C) 2013 U.S. National Library of Medicine).
    • (1983) Acta Neuropathol. , vol.60 , pp. 92-98
    • Rungby, J.1    Danscher, G.2
  • 73
    • 0021736511 scopus 로고
    • Hypoactivity in silver exposed mice
    • (Copyright (C) 2013 American Chemical Society (ACS). All Rights Reserved)
    • Rungby J., Danscher G. Hypoactivity in silver exposed mice. Acta Pharmacol. Toxicol. 1984, 55:398-401. (Copyright (C) 2013 American Chemical Society (ACS). All Rights Reserved).
    • (1984) Acta Pharmacol. Toxicol. , vol.55 , pp. 398-401
    • Rungby, J.1    Danscher, G.2
  • 74
    • 84877817953 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toxicological effects of silver nanoparticles in rats
    • Sardari R.R.R., Zarchi S.R., Talebi A., et al. Toxicological effects of silver nanoparticles in rats. Afr. J. Microbiol. Res. 2012, 6(27):5587-5593. 10.5897/Ajmr11.1070.
    • (2012) Afr. J. Microbiol. Res. , vol.6 , Issue.27 , pp. 5587-5593
    • Sardari, R.R.R.1    Zarchi, S.R.2    Talebi, A.3
  • 75
    • 0344352083 scopus 로고
    • Metabolism of silver in the rat with radiosilver as an indicator
    • (Copyright (C) 2013 American Chemical Society (ACS). All Rights Reserved)
    • Scott K.G., Hamilton J.G. Metabolism of silver in the rat with radiosilver as an indicator. Univ. Calif. Publ. Pharmacol. 1950, 2:241-262. (Copyright (C) 2013 American Chemical Society (ACS). All Rights Reserved).
    • (1950) Univ. Calif. Publ. Pharmacol. , vol.2 , pp. 241-262
    • Scott, K.G.1    Hamilton, J.G.2
  • 76
    • 84879588654 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toxic effects of repeated oral exposure of silver nanoparticles on small intestine mucosa of mice
    • (Copyright (C) 2013 American Chemical Society (ACS). All Rights Reserved)
    • Shahare B., Yashpal M. Toxic effects of repeated oral exposure of silver nanoparticles on small intestine mucosa of mice. Toxicol. Mech. Methods 2013, 23:161-167. (Copyright (C) 2013 American Chemical Society (ACS). All Rights Reserved). 10.3109/15376516.2013.764950.
    • (2013) Toxicol. Mech. Methods , vol.23 , pp. 161-167
    • Shahare, B.1    Yashpal, M.2
  • 77
    • 0028932340 scopus 로고
    • Embryotoxicity of silver ions is diminished by ceruloplasmin-further evidence for its role in the transport of copper
    • (Copyright (C) 2013 American Chemical Society (ACS). All Rights Reserved)
    • Shavlovski M.M., Chebotar N.A., Konopistseva L.A., et al. Embryotoxicity of silver ions is diminished by ceruloplasmin-further evidence for its role in the transport of copper. BioMetals 1995, 8:122-128. (Copyright (C) 2013 American Chemical Society (ACS). All Rights Reserved). 10.1007/bf00142011.
    • (1995) BioMetals , vol.8 , pp. 122-128
    • Shavlovski, M.M.1    Chebotar, N.A.2    Konopistseva, L.A.3
  • 79
    • 84865588812 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Distribution, elimination, and toxicity of silver nanoparticles and silver ions in rats after 28-day oral exposure
    • (Copyright (C) 2013 American Chemical Society (ACS). All Rights Reserved)
    • van der Zande M., Vandebriel R.J., Van D.E., et al. Distribution, elimination, and toxicity of silver nanoparticles and silver ions in rats after 28-day oral exposure. ACS Nano 2012, 6:7427-7442. (Copyright (C) 2013 American Chemical Society (ACS). All Rights Reserved). 10.1021/nn302649p.
    • (2012) ACS Nano , vol.6 , pp. 7427-7442
    • van der Zande, M.1    Vandebriel, R.J.2    Van, D.E.3
  • 80
    • 0011145817 scopus 로고
    • Silver deposition in the central nervous system and the hematoencephalic barrier studied with the electron microscope
    • Vanbreemen V.L., Clemente C.D. Silver deposition in the central nervous system and the hematoencephalic barrier studied with the electron microscope. J. Biophys. Biochem. Cy 1955, 1(2):161. 10.1083/Jcb. 1.2.161.
    • (1955) J. Biophys. Biochem. Cy , vol.1 , Issue.2 , pp. 161
    • Vanbreemen, V.L.1    Clemente, C.D.2
  • 81
    • 0015188704 scopus 로고
    • Experimental argyria: a model for basement membrane studies
    • Walker F. Experimental argyria: a model for basement membrane studies. Br. J. Exp. Pathol. 1971, 52(6):589-593.
    • (1971) Br. J. Exp. Pathol. , vol.52 , Issue.6 , pp. 589-593
    • Walker, F.1
  • 82
    • 0015278170 scopus 로고
    • The deposition of silver in glomerular basement membrane
    • Copyright (C) 2013 U.S. National Library of Medicine)
    • Walker F. The deposition of silver in glomerular basement membrane. Virchows Arch. B Cell Pathol. 1972, 11:90-96. Copyright (C) 2013 U.S. National Library of Medicine).
    • (1972) Virchows Arch. B Cell Pathol. , vol.11 , pp. 90-96
    • Walker, F.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.