Nonexcisional, minimally invasive rejuvenation of the neck

Clinics in Plastic Surgery

Volumn 41, Issue 1, 2014, Pages 11-31

  Mulholland, R Stephen ^a  

^a Private Aesthetic Plastic Surgery Practice   (Canada)

Author keywords

Bodytite; FaceTite; Fractional CO2; Fractora; Laser neck procedures; NeckTite; Noninvasive neck rejuvenation; Radiofrequency neck procedures; Radiofrequency skin resurfacing; RF; Smartlipo

Indexed keywords

BOTULINUM TOXIN A; DEPIGMENTING AGENT; HYDROCORTISONE; KOJIC ACID; RETINOIC ACID; TAZAROTENE;

ABLATION THERAPY; ANESTHETIC EQUIPMENT; EPITHELIZATION; FUNCTIONAL ANATOMY; HIGH INTENSITY FOCUSED ULTRASOUND; HUMAN; HYPERSALIVATION; INTENSE PULSED LIGHT THERAPY; LOW LEVEL LASER THERAPY; MELANIN DYSCHROMIA; MINIMALLY INVASIVE PROCEDURE; NECK MUSCLE; NECK REJUVENATION; PHOTOAGING; PHOTOTHERAPY; PLASTIC SURGERY; PLATYSMA MUSCLE; POIKILODERMA; PULSED RADIOFREQUENCY TREATMENT; REJUVENATION; REVIEW; SKIN DISEASE; SUBCUTANEOUS FAT; SUBMANDIBULAR GLAND; SURGICAL APPROACH; SURGICAL TECHNIQUE; ANATOMY AND HISTOLOGY; CUTANEOUS PARAMETERS; ESTHETIC SURGERY; MUSCULAR ATROPHY; NECK; PATHOLOGY; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; PHYSIOLOGY; PIGMENTATION DISORDERS; PROCEDURES; ULTRASOUND THERAPY;

COSMETIC TECHNIQUES; HUMANS; MUSCULAR ATROPHY; NECK; NECK MUSCLES; PHOTOTHERAPY; PIGMENTATION DISORDERS; REJUVENATION; SKIN AGING; SUBCUTANEOUS FAT; ULTRASONIC THERAPY;

EID: 84888225692     PISSN: 00941298     EISSN: 15580504     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.cps.2013.09.002     Document Type: Review

References (84)

1. US Census Bureau Selected characteristics of baby boomers 42 to 60 years old in 2006 2006, US Census Bureau, Washington.
2. Moretti, Michael Skin tightening; softening demand in a weak economy 2008, Medical Insight Inc, Aliso Viejo, CA.
3. Feldman J. Neck lift 2006, Quality Medical Publishing Inc, St Louis (MI).
4. Carruthers A., Carruthers J. Cosmetic uses of botulinum exotoxin. Adv Dermatol 1997, 12:325-347. Vancouver, Canada: Mosby-Year Book Inc.
5. Carruthers J., Carruthers A. The adjunctive usage of botulinum toxin. Dermatol Surg 1998, 24:1244-1247.
6. Schwartz R.J., Burns J., Rohrich R.E., et al. Long term assessment of CO2 facial laser resurfacing: aesthetic results and complications. Plast Reconstr Surg 1999, 103(2):593-601.
7. Bernstein L.J., Kauvar A.N., Grossman M.C., et al. The short and long-term side effects of carbon dioxide laser resurfacing. Dermatol Surg 1997, 23(7):519-525.
8. Olsen E.A., Katz H.I., Levine N., et al. Tretinoin emollient cream for photodamaged skin: results of 48-week, multicenter, double-blind studies. JAm Acad Dermatol 1997, 37:217-226.
9. Kang S., Leyden J.J., Lowe N.J., et al. Tazarotene cream for the treatment of facial photodamage. A multicenter, investigator-masked, randomized, vehicle-controlled, parallel comparison of 0.01%, 0.025%, 0.05% and 0.01% taxarotene creams with 0.05% tretinoin emollient cream applied once daily for 24 weeks. Arch Dermatol 2001, 137:1597-1604.
10. Anderson R.R., Parish J.A. Selective photothermolysis: a precise microsurgery by selective absorption of pulsed radiation. Science 1983, 220(4596):524-527.
11. Sadick N.S., Alexiades-Armenakas M., Bitter P.H., et al. Enhanced full face skin rejuvenation using synchronous intense pulsed optical and conducted bipolar radiofrequency energy (ELOS): introducing selective radiophotothermolysis. JDrugs Dermatol 2005, 4(2):181-186.
12. Zelickson B.D., Kilmer S.L., Bernstein E., et al. Pulsed dye laser for sun damaged skin. Lasers Surg Med 1999, 25:229-236.
13. Weiss R.A., Goldman M.P., Weiss M.A. Treatment of poikiloderma of civatte with an intense pulsed light source. Dermatol Surg 2000, 26:213-218.
14. Bitter P.H. Non-invasive rejuvenation of photodamaged skin using serial, full-face intense pulsed light treatments. Dermatol Surg 2000, 26:9.
15. Bitter P.H., Goldman M.P. Non-ablative skin rejuvenation using intense pulsed light. Lasers Surg Med 2000, 28(Suppl):12-16.
16. NegisThi K., Tezuka Y., Kushikata N., et al. Photorejuvenation for Asian skin by intense pulsed light. Dermatol Surg 2001, 27(7):627-632.
17. Manstein D., Herron G.S., Sink R.K., et al. Fractional photothermolysis: a new concept for cutaneous remodeling using microscopic patterns of thermal injury. Lasers Surg Med 2006, 34(5):426-438.
18. Geronemus R.G. Fractional photothermolysis: current and future applications. Lasers Surg Med 2006, 38(3):169-176.
19. Bass L.S. Rejuvenation of the aging face using fraxel laser treatment. Aesthet Surg J 2005, 25(3):307-309.
20. Daniel D., Bernstein L.J., Geronemus R.G., et al. Successful treatment of acneiform scarring with CO2 ablative factional resurfacing. Lasers Surg Med 2008, 40(6):381-386.
21. Chapas A.M., Brightman L., Sukai S., et al. Successful treatment of acneiform scarring with CO2 fractional resurfacing. Lasers Surg Med 2008, 40(6):382-386.
22. Gotkin R.H., Sarnoff D.S., Cannarozzo G., et al. Ablative skin resurfacing with a novel microablative CO2. JDrugs Dermatol 2009, 8(2):138-144.
23. Rahman Z., Tanner H., Tournas J., et al. Ablative fractional resurfacing for the treatment of photodamage and aging. Lasers Surg Med 2007, 39(s19):15.
24. Hruza G., Taub A.F., Collier L.S., et al. Skin rejuvenation and wrinkle reduction using a fractional radiofrequency system. JDrugs Dermatol 2009, 8(3):259-265.
25. Mulholland R.S., Ahn D.H., Kreindel M., et al. Fractional radio-frequency resurfacing in Asian and Caucasian skin: a novel method for deep radiofrequency fractional skin resurfacing. JChem Dermatol Sci Appl 2012, 2:144-150.
26. Sadick N.S. Update on non-ablative light therapy for rejuvenation: a review. Lasers Surg Med 2003, 32:120-128.
27. Hardaway C.A., Ross E.V. Nonablative laser skin re-modeling. Dermatol Clin 2002, 20:97-111.
28. Fitzpatrick R.E., Geronemus R.G., Goldberg D.J., et al. Multicenter study of noninvasive radiofrequency for periorbital rejuvenation. Lasers Surg Med 2003, 33:232-242. 14.
29. Dover J.S., Zelickson B.D. Results of a survey of 5,700 patient monopolar radiofrequency facial skin tightening treatments: assessment of a low-energy multiple-pass technique leading to a clinical end point algorithm. Dermatol Surg 2007, 33:900-907.
30. Sadick N.S., Trelles M.A. Nonablative wrinkle treatment of the face and neck using a combined diode laser and radiofrequency technology. Dermatol Surg 2005, 31:1695-1699.
31. Sadick N.S. Combination radiofrequency and light energies: electro-optical synergy technology in esthetic medicine. Dermatol Surg 2005, 31:1211-1217.
32. Sadick H.S., Sorhaindo L. The radiofrequency frontier: a review of radiofrequency and combined radio-frequency pulsed-light technology in aesthetic medicine. Facial Plast Surg 2005, 21:131-138.
33. Friedman D.J., Gilead L.T. The use of a hybrid radio-frequency device for the treatment of rhytides and lax skin. Dermatol Surg 2007, 33:543-551.
34. Kist D., Burns A.J., Sanner R., et al. Ultrastructural evaluation of multiple pass low energy versus single pass high energy radiofrequency treatment. Lasers Surg Med 2006, 38:150-154.
35. Mulholland R.S. Radiofrequency energy for non-invasive and minimally invasive skin tightening. Clin Plast Surg 2011, 38(3):437-448.
36. Emilia del Pino M., Rosado R.H., Azuela A., et al. Effect of controlled volumetric tissue heating with radiofrequency on cellulite and the subcutaneous tissue of the buttock and thighs. JDrugs Dermatol 2006, 5(8):714-722.
37. Mlosek R.K., Wozniak W., Malinowska S., et al. The effectiveness of anticellulite treatment using tripolar radiofrequency monitored by classic and high frequency ultrasound. JEur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2012, 26(6):696-703.
38. Kaplan H., Gat A. Clinical and histopathological results following tripolar radiofrequency skin treatments. JCosmet Laser Ther 2009, 11(2):78-84.
39. Harth Y., Lischinsky D. Anovel method of real-time skin impedance measurements during radiofrequency skin tightening treatments. JCosmet Dermatol 2011, 10(1):24-29.
40. Lee Y.B., Eun Y.S., Lee J.H., et al. Effects of multi-polar radiofrequency and pulsed electromagnetic field treatment in Koreans: case series and survey study. JDermatolog Treat 2012, 10.3109/09546634.2012.714454.
41. Taub A.F., Tucker R.D., Palange A. Facial tightening with an advanced 4-MHz monopolar radiofrequency device. JDrugs Dermatol 2012, 11(11):1288-1294.
42. Stampar M. The pelleve procedure: an effective method of facial wrinkle reduction and skin tightening. Facial Plast Surg Clin North Am 2011, 19(2):335-345.
43. Mulholland RS. Skin tightening in Asian patients using a dynamically controlled and thermally modulated radiofrequency energy device with ACE technology. Presented IMCAS Asia. Hong Kong, October 4-6, 2012.
44. Mulholland RS. Skin tightening in skin type 1-4 patients using a thermally modulated, feedback controlled, non-ablative radiofrequency device. Presented at IMCAS. Paris, Jan 31-Feb 3, 2013.
45. Suh D.H., Oh Y.J., Lee S.J., et al. An intense-focused ultrasound tightening for the treatment of infraorbital laxity. JCosmet Laser Ther 2012, 14(6):290-295.
46. Alam M., White L.E., Martin N., et al. Ultrasound tightening of facial and neck skin; a rater-blinded prospective cohort study. JAm Acad Dermatol 2010, 62(2):262-269.
47. Illouz Y.G. Body contouring by lipolysis: a 5-year experience with over 3,000 cases. Plast Reconstr Surg 1983, 72:591-597.
48. Gasperoni C., Salgarello M., Emiliozzi P., et al. Subdermal liposuction. Aesthetic Plast Surg 1990, 14:137-142.
49. Goddio A.S. Skin retraction following suction lipectomy by treatment site: a study of 500 procedures in 458 selected subjects. Plast Reconstr Surg 1991, 87:66-75.
50. Matarrasso A. Superficial suction lipectomy: something old, something new, something borrowed. Ann Plast Surg 1995, 24:268-272.
51. Toledo L.S. Syringe liposculpturing. Aesthetic Plast Surg 1992, 16:287-298.
52. DiBernado B.E. Randomized, blinded, split abdomen study evaluating skin shrinkage and skin tightening in laser-assisted liposuction versus liposuction control. Aesthet Surg J 2010, 30(4):593-602.
53. Sasaki G.H. Quantification of human abdominal tissue tightening and contraction after component treatments with 1064 nm/1320 nm laser-assisted lipolysis: clinical implications. Aesthet Surg J 2010, 30:239-245.
54. Rohrich R.J., Beran S.J., Kenkel J.M., et al. Extending the role of liposuction in body contouring with ultrasound-assisted liposuction. Plast Reconstr Surg 1998, 101:1090-1102.
55. Zocchi M.L. Ultrasonic liposculpturing. Aesthetic Plast Surg 1992, 16:287-298.
56. Zocchi M.L. Ultrasonic assisted lipoplasty: technical refinements and clinical evaluations. Clin Plast Surg 1996, 23:575-598.
57. Goldman A. Submental Nd:YAG laser-assisted liposuction. Lasers Surg Med 2006, 38:181-184.
58. Prado A., Andreades P., Danilla S., et al. Aprospective, randomized, double-blind, controlled clinical trial comparing laser-assisted lipoplasty with suction-assisted lipoplasty. Plast Reconstr Surg 2006, 118:1032-1045.
59. Paul M., Mulholland R.S. Anew approach for adipose tissue treatment and body contouring using radiofrequency-assisted liposuction. Aesthetic Plast Surg 2009, 33(5):687-694. 10.1007/s00266-009-9342-z.
60. Blugerman G., Schavelzon D., Paul M. Asafety and feasibility study of a novel radiofrequency-assisted liposuction technique. Plast Reconstr Surg 2010, 125:998-1006.
61. Mulholland R.S. An in-depth examination of radiofrequency assisted liposuction (RFAL). Jof Cosmetic Surg and Medicine 2009, 4:14-18.
62. Paul M., Blugerman G., Kreindel M., et al. Three-dimensional radiofrequency tissue tightening: a proposed mechanism and applications for body contouring. Aesthetic Plast Surg 2010, 35(1):87-95. published with open access.
63. Paul M.D. Radiofrequency assisted liposuction comes of age: an emerging technology offers an exciting new vista in non-excisional body contouring. Plastic Surgery Practice 2009, 2:18-19.
64. Duncan D.I. Improving outcomes in upper arm liposuction: adding radiofrequency-assisted liposuction to induce skin contraction. Aesthet Surg J 2012, 32(1):84-95.
65. Theodorou S.J., Paresi R.J., Chia C.T. Radiofrequency-assisted liposuction device for body contouring: 97 patients under local anesthesia. Aesthetic Plast Surg 2012, 36(4):767-779.
66. Blugerman G., Schalvezon D., Mulholland R.S., et al. Gynecomastia treatment using radiofrequency-assisted liposuction (RFAL). Eur J Plast Surg 2012, Published Online. 10.1007/s00238-012-0772-5.
67. Divaris M., Boisnic S., Branchet M.C., et al. Aclinical and histological study of radiofrequency-assisted liposuction (RFAL) mediated skin tightening and cellulite improvement. JChem Dermatol Sci Appl 2011, 1:36-42.
68. Duncan DI. Improving outcomes in abdominal liposuction; comparing skin contraction with radiofrequency assisted lipocontouring (RFAL) plus SAL to SAL alone. Presented IMCAS. Paris, Jan 6-9, 2011.
69. Ahn D.H., Mulholland R.S., Duncan D.I., et al. Non-excisional face and neck tightening using a novel subdermal radiofrequency thermo-coagulative device. JChem Dermatol Sci Appl 2011, 1:141-146.
70. Hurwitz D., Smith D. Treatment of overweight patients by radiofrequency-assisted liposuction (RFAL) for aesthetic reshaping and skin tightening. Aesthetic Plast Surg 2012, 36(1):62-71. Published online. 10.1007/s00266-011-9783-z.
71. Duncan DI. The evolution of mesotherapy. Presented at the ASPS Breast and Body Contouring Symposium. Santa Fe (NM), Oct 4-6, 2012.
72. Duncan DI. Injection lipolysis update. Presented at IMCA Asia. Hong Kong, Oct 4-6, 2012.
73. Rotunda A.M. Mesotherapy and phosphatidylcholine injections: historical clarification and review. Dermatol Surg 2006, 32:465-480.
74. Lam S., Azizzadeh B., Graivier M. Injectable poly-l-lactic acid (sculptra): technical considerations in soft-tissue contouring. Plast Reconstr Surg 2006, 118:55-66s.
75. Beer K.R., Rendon M.I. Use of sculptra in esthetic rejuvenation. Semin Cutan Med Surg 2006, 25:127-131.
76. Mulholland R.S., Paul M.D. Lifting and wound closure with barbed sutures. Clin Plast Surg 2011, 38:521-535.
77. Ruff G. Techniques and uses for absorbable barbed sutures. Aesthet Surg J 2006, 26:620-628.
78. Lycka B., Bazan C., Poletti E., et al. The emerging technique of the antiptosis subdermal thread. Dermatol Surg 2004, 30:241-247.
79. Giampapa V.C., DiBernado B.E. Neck re-contouring with suture suspension and liposuction. Aesthetic Plast Surg 1995, 19:217-224.
80. Gamboa G.M., Vasconez L.O. Suture suspension technique for the midface and neck rejuvenation. Ann Plast Surg 2009, 62:478-481.
81. Mulholland RS. Advances and updates in barbed suture composite face and necklifts. Presented at IMCAS. Paris, Jan 9-12, 2008.
82. Coskun B.U., Savk H., Cicek E.D., et al. Histopathological and radiological investigations of the influence of botulinum toxin on the submandibular gland of the rat. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2007, 264(7):783-787.
83. Breheret R., Bizon A., Jeufroy C., et al. Ultrasound-guided botulinum toxin injections for the treatment of drooling. Eur Ann Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Dis 2011, 128(5):224-229.
84. Shetty S., Dawes P., Ruske D., et al. Botulinum toxin type-A (Botox-A) injections for treatment of sialorrhea in adults: a New Zealand study. NZ J med J 2006, 119(1240):U2129.