The regulation of begging and vagrancy: A critical discussion

Crime Prevention and Community Safety

Volumn 2, Issue 2, 2000, Pages 43-52

  Burke, Roger Hopkins ^a  

^a NOTTINGHAM TRENT UNIVERSITY   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

aggression; balanced intervention; Begging; civil liberties; zero tolerance

Indexed keywords

EID: 84887585951     PISSN: 14603780     EISSN: 17434629     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1057/palgrave.cpcs.8140053     Document Type: Article

References (51)

1. The author is Director, Crime Research Unit, Department of Social Sciences, The Nottingham Trent University, 1 Burton Street, Nottingham, NG1 4BU; tel: +44 (0) 115 8485507; e-mail: roger.hopkins-burke@ntu.ac.uk.
2. Hopkins Burke, R. (1998a) Begging, Vagrancy and Disorder. In Hopkins Burke, R. (ed.) (1998b) Zero Tolerance Policing. Leicester: Perpetuity Press.
3. Currie, E. (1997) The Scalpel Not the Chainsaw: The US Experience with Public Order. City: Analysis of Urban Trends, Culture, Theory, Policy, Action. Vol. 1, No. 8, pp 132.7.
4. Murdoch, A. (1994) We Are Human Too: A Study of People Who Beg. London: Crisis.
5. See Healey, J. (1988) The Grass Arena. London: Faber and Faber.
6. Hagan, J. and McCarthy, B. (1997) Mean Streets: Youth Crime and Homelessness. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
7. Kelling, G.L. and Coles, C.M. (1996) Fixing Broken Windows: Restoring Order and Reducing Crime in Our Communities. New York: The Free Press.
8. Bratton, W.J. (1997) Crime is Down in New York City: Blame the Police. In Dennis, N. (ed.) Zero Tolerance: Policing a Free Society. London: Institute for Economic Affairs;
9. Hopkins Burke, R. (1998c) A Contextualisation of Zero Tolerance Policing Strategies. In Hopkins Burke (1998b) op cit.
10. Wilson, J.Q. and Kelling, G.L. (1982) Broken Windows. Atlantic Monthly, March, pp 29.38.
11. Hopkins Burke (1998c) op cit;
12. Hopkins Burke, R. (1999) The Socio-Political Context of Zero Tolerance Policing Strategies. Policing: An International Journal of Police Strategies & Management. Vol. 21, No. 4, pp 666.82.
13. Wilson and Kelling, op cit.
14. Bratton, op cit, p 29.
15. Lea, J. and Young, J. (1984) What is to be Done about Law and Order? Harmondsworth: Penguin.
16. Scarman, Lord (1981) The Brixton Disorders, 10.12 April: Report of an Inquiry by the Rt Honourable Lord Scarman. Cmnd. 8427. London: HMSO.
17. Wadham, J. (1998) Zero Tolerance Policing: Striking the Balance. In Hopkins Burke (1998b) op cit.
18. Morgan, R. and Newburn, T. (1997) The Future of Policing. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
19. Silverman, E.B. (1998) Below Zero Tolerance: The New York Experience. In Hopkins Burke (1998b) op cit.
20. Bratton, op cit.
21. Hopkins Burke (1998c) op cit; Hopkins Burke (1999) op cit.
22. A comprehensive and fully referenced account is provided in Hopkins Burke (1998c) op cit.
23. See Giddens, A. (1994) Beyond Left and Right. Cambridge: Polity.
24. Pearce, D. and Harrison, J. (1997) .Broken Windows.: NYPD Blues. Police, December, p 11.
25. Kelling and Coles, op cit; Bratton, op cit; Silverman, op cit.
26. Silverman, op cit; Hopkins Burke (1999) op cit.
27. See Romeanes, T. (1998) A Question of Confidence: Zero Tolerance and Problem Oriented Policing. In Hopkins Burke (1998b) op cit.
28. Metropolitan Police (1995) Policing Plan 1995/96. London: Metropolitan Police.
29. Johnston, P. (1997) Mean Streets Where They Test the Zero Option. The Daily Telegraph, 8 January.
30. Crowther, op cit.
31. Pollard, C. (1997) Zero-Tolerance: Short Term Fix, Long-Term Liability. In Dennis, N. (ed.) Zero Tolerance: Policing a Free Society. London: Institute for Economic Affairs, p 139.
32. Wadham, op cit.
33. Hopkins Burke (1998a) op cit.
34. See in particular Murdoch, op cit. See also Coles, B. and Craig, G. (1999) Excluded Youth and the Growth of Begging. In Dean, H. (ed.) Begging Questions: Street-Level Economic Activity and Social Policy Failure. Bristol: The Policy Press.
35. See in particular Murdoch, op cit. See also Dean, H. and Melrose, M. (1999) Easy Pickings or Hard Profession? Begging as an Economic Activity. In Dean, op cit.
36. Murdoch, op cit; Coles and Craig, op cit; Dean and Melrose, op cit.
37. See Healy, op cit;
38. Conroy, J. (1975) Some Men of Our Time: A Study of Vagrancy. Unpublished MA Dissertation, Department of Sociology, University of Leicester;
39. Archard, P. (1979) Vagrancy, Alcoholism and Social Control. London: Macmillan.
40. Murdoch, op cit;
41. Dean and Melrose, op cit;
42. Adler, M. (1999) Public Attitudes to Begging: Theory In Search of Data. In Dean, op cit.
43. Goldstein, H. (1991) Problem Oriented Policing. London: McGraw Hill.
44. See Pollard, op cit.
45. See Romeanes, op cit.
46. See Sparks, R. (1992) Reason and Unreason in .Left Realism.: Some Problems in the Constitution of the Fear of Crime. In Matthews, R. and Young, J. (eds) Issues in Realist Criminology. London: Sage.
47. Bratton, op cit.
48. See Pollard, op cit.
49. Hopkins Burke (1999) op cit.
50. Morgan and Newburn, op cit.
51. Davis, M. (1990) The City of Quartz: Evacuating the Future in Los Angeles. London: Verso.