Exercise intolerance in individuals with postconcussion syndrome

Journal of Athletic Training

Volumn 48, Issue 5, 2013, Pages 627-635

  Kozlowski, Karl F ^a   Graham, James ^b   Leddy, John J ^c   Devinney Boymel, Lee ^d   Willer, Barry S ^c  

^a CANISIUS COLLEGE   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS MEDICAL BRANCH   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY AT BUFFALO   (United States)

^d UNIVERSITY AT BUFFALO   (United States)

Author keywords

Brain injuries; Concussions; Treadmill test

Indexed keywords

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; ARTICLE; ATHLETE; BLOOD PRESSURE; CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY; EXERCISE; EXERCISE TEST; EXERCISE TOLERANCE; FEMALE; HEART RATE; HUMAN; MALE; METHODOLOGY; MIDDLE AGED; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; PHYSIOLOGY; POSTCONCUSSION SYNDROME; REHABILITATION; SELF REPORT; SEX DIFFERENCE; SPORT; SPORT INJURY; YOUNG ADULT;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; ATHLETES; ATHLETIC INJURIES; BLOOD PRESSURE; CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDIES; EXERCISE; EXERCISE TEST; EXERCISE TOLERANCE; FEMALE; HEART RATE; HUMANS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; POST-CONCUSSION SYNDROME; REHABILITATION; SELF REPORT; SEX FACTORS; SPORTS; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 84887547124     PISSN: 10626050     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.4085/1062-6050-48.5.02     Document Type: Article

References (36)

1. Consensus conference. Rehabilitation of persons with traumatic brain injury: NIH Consensus Development Panel on Rehabilitation of Persons With Traumatic Brain Injury. JAMA. 1999;282(10):974- 983.
2. Faul M, Xu L, Wald MM, Coronado V. Traumatic Brain Injury in the United States: Emergency Department Visits, Hospitalizations and Deaths, 2002-2006. Atlanta, GA: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control; 2010.
3. Cassidy JD, Carroll LJ, Peloso PM, et al. Incidence, risk factors and prevention of mild traumatic brain injury: results of the WHO Collaborating Centre Task Force on Mild Traumatic Brain Injury. J Rehabil Med. 2004(43 suppl):28-60.
4. McCrea M, Guskiewicz KM, Marshall SW, et al. Acute effects and recovery time following concussion in collegiate football players: the NCAA Concussion Study. JAMA. 2003;290(19):2556-2563.
5. Binder LM, Rohling ML, Larrabee GJ. A review of mild head trauma: part I. Meta-analytic review of neuropsychological studies. J Clin Exp Neuropsychol. 1997;19(3):421-431.
6. Rimel RW, Giordani B, Barth JT, Boll TJ, Jane JA. Disability caused by minor head injury. Neurosurgery. 1981;9(3):221-228.
7. Mittenberg W, Canyock EM, Condit D, Patton C. Treatment of postconcussion syndrome following mild head injury. J Clin Exp Neuropsychol. 2001;23(6):829-836.
8. Preiss-Farzanegan SJ, Chapman B, Wong TM, Wu J, Bazarian JJ. The relationship between gender and postconcussion symptoms after sport-related mild traumatic brain injury. PMR. 2009;1(3):245-253.
9. American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. 4th ed. Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Association; 1994:704-706.
10. World Health Organization. International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems. 10th revision. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization; 1993:63-64.
11. McCrory P, Meeuwisse W, Johnston K, et al. Consensus statement on concussion in sport: the 3rd International Conference on Concussion in Sport held in Zurich, November 2008. J Athl Train. 2009;44(4): 434-448.
12. Majerske CW, Mihalik JP, Ren D, et al. Concussion in sports: postconcussive activity levels, symptoms, and neurocognitive performance. J Athl Train. 2008;43(3):265-274.
13. McCrory P, Johnston K, Meeuwisse W, et al. Summary and agreement statement of the 2nd International Conference on Concussion in Sport, Prague 2004. Clin J Sport Med. 2005;15(2): 48-55.
14. Willer B, Leddy JJ. Management of concussion and post-concussion syndrome. Curr Treat Options Neurol. 2006;8(5):415-426.
15. Goldstein B, Toweill D, Lai S, Sonnenthal K, Kimberly B. Uncoupling of the autonomic and cardiovascular systems in acute brain injury. Am J Physiol. 1998;275(4 pt 2):R1287-R1292.
16. Gall B, Parkhouse W, Goodman D. Heart rate variability of recently concussed athletes at rest and exercise. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2004; 36(8):1269-1274.
17. Hanna-Pladdy B, Berry ZM, Bennett T, Phillips HL, Gouvier WD. Stress as a diagnostic challenge for postconcussive symptoms: sequelae of mild traumatic brain injury or physiological stress response. Clin Neuropsychol. 2001;15(3):289-304.
18. Sallis RE, Jones K. Prevalence of headaches in football players. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2000;32(11):1820-1824.
19. Leddy JJ, Baker JG, Kozlowski K, Bisson L, Willer B. Reliability of a graded exercise test for assessing recovery from concussion. Clin J Sport Med. 2011;21(2):89-94.
20. Leddy JJ, Kozlowski K, Donnelly JP, Pendergast DR, Epstein LH, Willer B. A preliminary study of subsymptom threshold exercise training for refractory post-concussion syndrome. Clin J Sport Med. 2010;20(1):21-27.
21. Borg GA. Psychophysical bases of perceived exertion. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1982;14(5):377-381.
22. American College of Sports Medicine. ACSM's Guidelines for Exercise Testing and Prescription. 7th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2006:18-39.
23. Guskiewicz KM, Bruce SL, Cantu RC, et al. National Athletic Trainers' Association position statement: management of sportrelated concussion. J Athl Train. 2004;39(3):280-297.
24. Leddy JJ, Kozlowski K, Fung M, Pendergast DR, Willer B. Regulatory and autoregulatory physiological dysfunction as a primary characteristic of post concussion syndrome: implications for treatment. NeuroRehabilitation. 2007;22(3):199-205.
25. Pollock ML, Bohannon RL, Cooper KH, et al. A comparative analysis of four protocols for maximal treadmill stress testing. Am Heart J. 1976;92(1):39-46.
26. Baker JG, Freitas MS, Leddy JJ, Kozlowski KF, Willer BS. Return to full functioning after graded exercise assessment and progressive exercise treatment of postconcussion syndrome. Rehabil Res Pract. 2012;2012:705309.
27. Griesbach GS, Gomez-Pinilla F, Hovda DA. The upregulation of plasticity-related proteins following TBI is disrupted with acute voluntary exercise. Brain Res. 2004;1016(2):154-162.
28. Griesbach GS, Hovda DA, Molteni R, Wu A, Gomez-Pinilla F. Voluntary exercise following traumatic brain injury: brain-derived neurotrophic factor upregulation and recovery of function. Neuroscience. 2004;125(1):129-139.
29. Gall B, Parkhouse WS, Goodman D. Exercise following a sport induced concussion. Br J Sports Med. 2004;38(6):773-777.
30. Mossberg KA, Ayala D, Baker T, Heard J, Masel B. Aerobic capacity after traumatic brain injury: comparison with a nondisabled cohort. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2007;88(3):315-320.
31. Brys M, Brown CM, Marthol H, Franta R, Hilz MJ. Dynamic cerebral autoregulation remains stable during physical challenge in healthy persons. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2003;285(3): H1048-H1054.
32. DeWitt DS, Prough DS. Traumatic cerebral vascular injury: the effects of concussive brain injury on the cerebral vasculature. J Neurotrauma. 2003;20(9):795-825.
33. Merritta C, Cherian B, Macaden AS, John JA. Measurement of physical performance and objective fatigability in people with mildto- moderate traumatic brain injury. Int J Rehabil Res. 2010;33(2): 109-114.
34. Dawes H, Scott OM, Roach NK, Wade DT. Exertional symptoms and exercise capacity in individuals with brain injury. Disabil Rehabil. 2006;28(20):1243- 1250.
35. Dawes HN, Barker KL, Cockburn J, Roach N, Scott O, Wade D. Borg's rating of perceived exertion scales: do the verbal anchors mean the same for different clinical groups? Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2005;86(5):912-916.
36. Iverson GL, Lange RT. Examination of ''postconcussion-like'' symptoms in a healthy sample. Appl Neuropsychol. 2003;10(3): 137-144.