Lorazepam-diazepam protocol for catatonia in schizophrenia: A 21-case analysis

Comprehensive Psychiatry

Volumn 54, Issue 8, 2013, Pages 1210-1214

  Lin, Chin Chuen ^a   Huang, Tiao Lai ^a  

^a CHANG GUNG MEMORIAL HOSPITAL   (Taiwan)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

DIAZEPAM; LORAZEPAM;

ABNORMAL POSTURE; ADULT; AGED; ARTICLE; AUTONOMIC ABNORMALITY; BUSH FRANCIS CATATONIA RATING SCALE; CATATONIA; CLINICAL ARTICLE; DEFENSE MECHANISM; DISEASE DURATION; DRUG EFFICACY; ECHOLALIA; ECHOPRAXIA; EXCITEMENT; FEMALE; HUMAN; MALE; MEDICAL RECORD REVIEW; MENTAL DISEASE; MOTOR IMMOBILITY; MUTISM; NAMED INVENTORIES, QUESTIONNAIRES AND RATING SCALES; RIGIDITY; SCHIZOPHRENIA; SINGLE DRUG DOSE; STARING; STEREOTYPY; STUPOR; TREATMENT RESPONSE; WAXY FLEXIBILITY;

ANTI-ANXIETY AGENTS; CATATONIA; CLINICAL PROTOCOLS; DIAZEPAM; DRUG THERAPY, COMBINATION; HUMANS; LORAZEPAM; SCHIZOPHRENIA; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

EID: 84887021773     PISSN: 0010440X     EISSN: 15328384     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2013.06.003     Document Type: Article

References (51)

1. M.A. Taylor, and M. Fink Catatonia in psychiatric classification: a home of its own Am J Psychiatry 160 7 2003 1233 1241
2. M. Fink Catatonia: a syndrome appears, disappears, and is rediscovered Can J Psychiatry 54 7 2009 437 445
3. B.T. Carroll Complications of catatonia J Clin Psychiatry 57 2 1996 95
4. A.F. Gross, F.A. Smith, and T.A. Stern Dread complications of catatonia: a case discussion and review of the literature Prim Care Companion J Clin Psychiatry 10 2 2008 153 155
5. M. Ignatowski, S. Sidhu, and M. Rueve Pulmonary embolism as a complication of major depressive disorder with catatonic features: a case report Psychiatry (Edgmont) 4 6 2007 51 56
6. C. Lachner, and N.B. Sandson Medical complications of catatonia: a case of catatonia-induced deep venous thrombosis Psychosomatics 44 6 2003 512 514
7. W.V. McCall, S.C. Mann, F.E. Shelp, and S.N. Caroff Fatal pulmonary embolism in the catatonic syndrome: two case reports and a literature review J Clin Psychiatry 56 1 1995 21 25
8. Rosebush PI, Mazurek MF, Catatonia: clinical features, differential diagnosis, and treatment, in Psychiatry for neurologists, D.V. Jeste and J.H. Friedman, editors. 2006, Humana Press Inc., Totowa, NJ. p. 81-92.
9. P.A. Geoffroy, B. Rolland, and O. Cottencin Catatonia and alcohol withdrawal: a complex and underestimated syndrome Alcohol Alcohol 47 3 2012 288 290
10. M.H. Hsieh, T.C. Chen, N.Y. Chiu, and C.C. Chang Zolpidem-related withdrawal catatonia: a case report Psychosomatics 52 5 2011 475 477
11. J.C. Narayanaswamy, B. Viswanath, S.P. Jose, V. Chakraborty, B.N. Subodh, and V. Benegal Catatonia in alcohol withdrawal: a case report Psychopathology 44 2 2011 136
12. L.E. Wachtel, A. Hermida, and D.M. Dhossche Maintenance electroconvulsive therapy in autistic catatonia: a case series review Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 34 4 2010 581 587
13. N. Manjunatha, S. Saddichha, and C.R. Khess Idiopathic recurrent catatonia needs maintenance lorazepam: case report and review Aust N Z J Psychiatry 41 7 2007 625 627
14. G. Bush, M. Fink, G. Petrides, F. Dowling, and A. Francis Catatonia II. Treatment with lorazepam and electroconvulsive therapy Acta Psychiatr Scand 93 2 1996 137 143
15. G. Petrides, K.M. Divadeenam, G. Bush, and A. Francis Synergism of lorazepam and electroconvulsive therapy in the treatment of catatonia Biol Psychiatry 42 5 1997 375 381
16. J.M. Hawkins, K.J. Archer, S.M. Strakowski, and P.E. Keck Somatic treatment of catatonia Int J Psychiatry Med 25 4 1995 345 369
17. P.I. Rosebush, and M.F. Mazurek Catatonia and its treatment Schizophr Bull 36 2 2010 239 242
18. M. Fink Catatonia: syndrome or schizophrenia subtype? Recognition and treatment J Neural Transm 108 6 2001 637 644
19. A.J. Slooter, K.P. Braun, F.J. Balk, O. van Nieuwenhuizen, and J. van der Hoeven Electroconvulsive therapy for malignant catatonia in childhood Pediatr Neurol 32 3 2005 190 192
20. M. Espinola-Nadurille, J. Ramirez-Bermudez, and G.L. Fricchione Pregnancy and malignant catatonia Gen Hosp Psychiatry 29 1 2007 69 71
21. K.G. Kelly, and M. Zisselman Update on electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) in older adults J Am Geriatr Soc 48 5 2000 560 566
22. J. Hudcova, and R. Schumann Electroconvulsive therapy complicated by life-threatening hyperkalemia in a catatonic patient Gen Hosp Psychiatry 28 5 2006 440 442
23. T.L. Huang Lorazepam and diazepam rapidly relieve catatonic signs in patients with schizophrenia Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 59 1 2005 52 55
24. Y.Y. Hung, and T.L. Huang Lorazepam and diazepam rapidly relieve catatonic features in major depression Clin Neuropharmacol 29 3 2006 144 147
25. G. Bush, M. Fink, G. Petrides, F. Dowling, and A. Francis Catatonia I. Rating scale and standardized examination Acta Psychiatr Scand 93 2 1996 129 136
26. T.L. Huang, S.C. Ree, Y.C. Huang, H.Y. Liu, and Y.Y. Yang Catatonic features: differential diagnosis and treatments at an emergency unit Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 53 1 1999 63 66
27. Rosebush PI, Mazurek MF, Pharmacotherapy of catatonia, in Catatonia: from psychopathology to neurobiology. C.S.N., et al., editors. 2004, American Psychiatric Publishing Inc: Washington, D.C. p. 141-50.
28. B.T. Carroll, R. Kirkhart, N. Ahuja, I. Soovere, E.C. Lauterbach, and D. Dhossche Katatonia: a new conceptual understanding of catatonia and a new rating scale Psychiatry (Edgmont) 5 12 2008 42 50
29. P. Tibrewal, J. Narayanaswamy, A. Zutshi, R. Srinivasaraju, and S.B. Math Response rate of lorazepam in catatonia: a developing country's perspective Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 34 8 2010 1520 1522
30. M. Fink, and M.A. Taylor The catatonia syndrome: forgotten but not gone Arch Gen Psychiatry 66 11 2009 1173 1177
31. J.P. McEvoy, and J.B. Lohr Diazepam for catatonia Am J Psychiatry 141 2 1984 284 285
32. J.C. Narayanaswamy, P. Tibrewal, A. Zutshi, R. Srinivasaraju, and S.B. Math Clinical predictors of response to treatment in catatonia Gen Hosp Psychiatry 34 3 2012 312 316
33. G. Northoff What catatonia can tell us about "top-down modulation: A neuropsychiatric hypothesis Behav Brain Sci 25 5 2002 555 577 [discussion 578-604]
34. B.T. Carroll, C. Thomas, K.C. Tugrul, C. Coconcea, and H.W. Goforth GABA(A) versus GABA(B) in catatonia J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci 19 4 2007 484
35. G. Northoff, R. Steinke, C. Czcervenka, R. Krause, S. Ulrich, and P. Danos Decreased density of GABA-A receptors in the left sensorimotor cortex in akinetic catatonia: investigation of in vivo benzodiazepine receptor binding J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 67 4 1999 445 450
36. K. Iseki, A. Ikeda, T. Kihara, Y. Kawamoto, T. Mezaki, and T. Hanakawa Impairment of the cortical GABAergic inhibitory system in catatonic stupor: a case report with neuroimaging Epileptic Disord 11 2 2009 126 131
37. E. Grenier, M. Ryan, E. Ko, K. Fajardo, and V. John Risperidone and Lorazepam concomitant use in clonazepam refractory catatonia: a case report J Nerv Ment Dis 199 12 2011 987 988
38. A. Dutt, S. Grover, S. Chakrabarti, A. Avasthi, and S. Kumar Phenomenology and treatment of catatonia: a descriptive study from north India Indian J Psychiatry 53 1 2011 36 40
39. M.C. Tsai, and T.L. Huang Lorazepam and diazepam for relieving catatonic features precipitated by initial hemodialysis in a uremic patient: a case report Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 34 2 2010 423 424
40. H.Y. Wang, and T.L. Huang Benzodiazepines in catatonia associated with systemic lupus erythematosus Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 60 6 2006 768 770
41. G.S. Ungvari, C.M. Leung, M.K. Wong, and J. Lau Benzodiazepines in the treatment of catatonic syndrome Acta Psychiatr Scand 89 4 1994 285 288
42. R. Appleton, T. Martland, and B. Phillips Drug management for acute tonic-clonic convulsions including convulsive status epilepticus in children Cochrane Database Syst Rev 4 2002 CD001905
43. M. Bhattacharyya, V. Kalra, and S. Gulati Intranasal midazolam vs rectal diazepam in acute childhood seizures Pediatr Neurol 34 5 2006 355 359
44. L.L. Altshuler, J.L. Cummings, and M.J. Mills Mutism: review, differential diagnosis, and report of 22 cases Am J Psychiatry 143 11 1986 1409 1414
45. G.S. Ungvari, S.K. Leung, F.S. Ng, H.K. Cheung, and T. Leung Schizophrenia with prominent catatonic features ('catatonic schizophrenia'): I. Demographic and clinical correlates in the chronic phase. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 29 1 2005 27 38
46. K. Girish, and N.S. Gill Electroconvulsive therapy in lorazepam non-responsive catatonia Indian J Psychiatry 45 1 2003 21 25
47. R. Abrams, and M.A. Taylor Catatonia. A prospective clinical study Arch Gen Psychiatry 33 5 1976 579 581
48. D. Raveendranathan, J.C. Narayanaswamy, and S.V. Reddi Response rate of catatonia to electroconvulsive therapy and its clinical correlates Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 262 5 2012 425 430
49. Sienaert P, Rooseleer J, De Fruyt J. Measuring catatonia: a systematic review of rating scales. J Affect Disord 2011.
50. M. Fink, E. Shorter, and M.A. Taylor Catatonia is not schizophrenia: Kraepelin's error and the need to recognize catatonia as an independent syndrome in medical nomenclature Schizophr Bull 36 2 2010 314 320
51. G.S. Ungvari, S.N. Caroff, and J. Gerevich The catatonia conundrum: evidence of psychomotor phenomena as a symptom dimension in psychotic disorders Schizophr Bull 36 2 2010 231 238