Lipaemic donations: Truth and consequences

Transfusion and Apheresis Science

Volumn 49, Issue 2, 2013, Pages 181-184

  Lippi, Giuseppe ^a   Franchini, Massimo ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL OF PARMA   (Italy)

^b CARLO POMA HOSPITAL   (Italy)

Author keywords

Hypertriglyceridemia; Interference; Lipaemia; Patient safety; Transfusion medicine

Indexed keywords

BILIRUBIN; CHYLOMICRON; HEMOGLOBIN; IMMUNOGLOBULIN M; LIPID; TRIACYLGLYCEROL; VERY LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN;

BLOOD COMPONENT; BLOOD DONOR; EOSINOPHIL; HEMATOCRIT; HEMOLYSIS; HUMAN; HYPERBILIRUBINEMIA; HYPERLIPIDEMIA; HYPERTRIGLYCERIDEMIA; LYMPHOCYTE; MEAN CORPUSCULAR VOLUME; METABOLIC DISORDER; NEUTROPHIL; REVIEW;

HYPERTRIGLYCERIDEMIA; INTERFERENCE; LIPAEMIA; PATIENT SAFETY; TRANSFUSION MEDICINE;

BLOOD DONORS; BLOOD TRANSFUSION; HUMANS; HYPERTRIGLYCERIDEMIA; MALE; SAFETY;

EID: 84886639284     PISSN: 14730502     EISSN: 18781683     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.transci.2012.10.001     Document Type: Review

References (33)

1. Canadian Blood Services. Visual Assessment Guide. <> [accessed 21.04.12]. http://www.transfusionmedicine.ca/resources/visual-assessment-guide.
2. UK Blood Transfusion Services and National Institute. Guidelines for the blood transfusion services in the United Kingdom. 7th ed.; 2005. <> [accessed 21.04.12]. http://www.blood.co.uk/.
3. European Pharmacopoeia 6.0. Human plasma for fractionation. 2008;0853:2073-5.
4. Dimeski G., Jones B.W. Lipaemic samples: effective process for lipid reduction using high speed centrifugation compared with ultracentrifugation. Biochem Med (Zagreb) 2011, 21:86-92.
5. Kroll M.H. Evaluating interference caused by lipemia. Clin Chem 2004, 50:1968-1969.
6. Vassallo R.R., Stearns F.M. Lipemic plasma: a renaissance. Transfusion 2011, 51:1136-1139.
7. Peffer K., de Kort W.L., Slot E., Doggen C.J. Turbid plasma donations in whole blood donors. Fat chance?. Transfusion 2011, 51:1179-1187.
8. Vuk T, Barišić M, Očić T, Hećimović A, Šarlija D, Jukić I. Could the frequency of lipaemic donations be reduced by educational activities? Blood Transfus doi:10.2450/2012.0138-11.
9. Salvagno G.L., Lippi G., Bassi A., Poli G., Guidi G.C. Prevalence and type of pre-analytical problems for inpatients samples in coagulation laboratory. J Eval Clin Pract 2008, 14:351-353.
10. Salvagno G.L., Lippi G., Gelati M., Guidi G.C. Hemolysis, lipaemia and icterus in specimens for arterial blood gas analysis. Clin Biochem 2012, 45:372-373.
11. National Cholesterol Education (NCEP). Expert panel on detection, evaluation and treatment of high blood cholesterol in adults (Adult Treatment Panel III). Third report of the National Cholesterol Education (NCEP) Expert panel on detection, evaluation and treatment of high blood cholesterol in adults (Adult Treatment Panel III) final report. Circulation 2002;106:3143-421.
12. Sonntag O., Glick M.R. Serum-Index und Interferogramm - Ein neuer Weg zur Prüfung und Darstellung von Interferenzen durch Serumchromogene. Laboratoriumsmedizin 1989, 13:77-82.
13. Simundic A.M., Nikolac N., Ivankovic V., et al. Comparison of visual vs. automated detection of lipemic, icteric and hemolyzed specimens: can we rely on a human eye?. Clin Chem Lab Med 2009, 47:1361-1365.
14. Lippi G. Luca Salvagno G, Blanckaert N, et al. Multicenter evaluation of the hemolysis index in automated clinical chemistry systems. Clin Chem Lab Med 2009, 47:934-939.
15. Bornhorst J.A., Roberts R.F., Roberts W.L. Assay-specific differences in lipemic interference in native and Intralipid-supplemented samples. Clin Chem 2004, 50:2197-2201.
16. Monk C., Wallage M., Wassell J., Whiteway A., James J., Beetham R. A monoclonal protein identified by an anomalous lipaemia index. Ann Clin Biochem 2009, 46:250-252.
17. Lippi G., Chance J.J., Church S., et al. Preanalytical quality improvement: from dream to reality. Clin Chem Lab Med 2011, 49:1113-1126.
18. Ottomano C. Errors in medicine and errors in laboratory medicine: what is the difference?. Blood Transfus 2010, 8:79-81.
19. Franchini M. Errors in transfusion: causes and measures to avoid them. Clin Chem Lab Med 2010, 48:1075-1077.
20. Pagliaro P. Errors in transfusion medicine are not only misidentifications of the recipient, but also pre-analytical and analytical errors. Clin Chem Lab Med 2010, 48:1053-1054.
21. Arambarri M., Oriol A., Sancho J.M., Roncalés F.J., Galán A., Galimany R. Interference in blood coagulation tests on lipemic plasma correction using n-hexane clearing. Sangre (Barc) 1998, 43:13-19.
22. Lippi G., Lima-Oliveira G., Salvagno G.L., et al. Influence of a light meal on routine haematological tests. Blood Transfus 2010, 8:94-99.
23. Brooks A.M., Paisey R.B., Waterson M.J., Smith J.C. Diagnostic difficulties with a lipaemic blood sample. BMJ 2010, 340:b5530.
24. Lippi G., Aloe R. Hyponatremia and pseudohyponatremia: first, do no harm. Am J Med 2010, 123:e17.
25. Dimeski G., Mollee P., Carter A. Increased lipid concentration is associated with increased hemolysis. Clin Chem 2005, 51:2425.
26. Shafiroff B.G., Mulholland J.H., Baron H.C. Effects of transfusions of lipemic plasma. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 1955, 88:224-226.
27. Peffer K. Fat chance?. Transfusion 2011, 51:1179-1187.
28. McEnroe R.J., Burritt M.F., Powers D.M., Rheinheimer D.W. Interference testing in clinical chemistry; approved guideline. CSLI document EP7-A2 2005, Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute, Wayne (PA, USA). 2nd ed.
29. Vermeer H.J., Steen G., Naus A.J., Goevaerts B., Agricola P.T., Schoenmakers C.H. Correction of patient results for Beckman Coulter LX-20 assays affected by interference due to hemoglobin, bilirubin or lipids: a practical approach. Clin Chem Lab Med 2007, 45:114-119.
30. Lippi G., Blanckaert N., Bonini P., et al. Haemolysis: an overview of the leading cause of unsuitable specimens in clinical laboratories. Clin Chem Lab Med 2008, 46:764-772.
31. Lippi G., Plebani M., Di Somma S., Cervellin G. Hemolyzed specimens: a major challenge for emergency departments and clinical laboratories. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci 2011, 48:143-153.
32. Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute Collection, transport, and processing of blood specimens for testing plasma-based coagulation assays and molecular hemostasis assays; approved guideline. CLSI document H21-A5 2008, Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute, Wayne (PA, USA). 5th ed.
33. Guide to the preparation, use and quality assurance of blood components. European Committee on Blood Transfusion; 2011.