메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 19, Issue 12, 2013, Pages 1556-1564

Risk factors related to cardiovascular diseases and the metabolic syndrome in multiple sclerosis - A systematic review

Author keywords

body composition; Cardiovascular diseases; dyslipidemia; glucose intolerance; hypertension; metabolic syndrome; multiple sclerosis

Indexed keywords

BODY COMPOSITION; BODY MASS; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES; COMPLICATION; DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 2; DYSLIPIDEMIAS; GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE; HUMAN; HYPERTENSION; META ANALYSIS; METABOLIC SYNDROME X; MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS; OBESITY; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; RISK FACTOR;

EID: 84885821596     PISSN: 13524585     EISSN: 14770970     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/1352458513504252     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (96)

References (60)
  • 1
    • 0031205450 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Physical activity and perceived health status in persons with multiple sclerosis
    • Stuifbergen AK. Physical activity and perceived health status in persons with multiple sclerosis. J Neurosci Nurs. 1997 ; 29: 238-243
    • (1997) J Neurosci Nurs , vol.29 , pp. 238-243
    • Stuifbergen, A.K.1
  • 2
    • 0030891096 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quantitation of lower physical activity in persons with multiple sclerosis
    • Ng AV, Kent-Braun JA. Quantitation of lower physical activity in persons with multiple sclerosis. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1997 ; 29: 517-523
    • (1997) Med Sci Sports Exerc , vol.29 , pp. 517-523
    • Ng, A.V.1    Kent-Braun, J.A.2
  • 3
    • 42149112202 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Worsening of symptoms is associated with lower physical activity levels in individuals with multiple sclerosis
    • Motl RW, Arnett PA, Smith MM, et al. Worsening of symptoms is associated with lower physical activity levels in individuals with multiple sclerosis. Mult Scler. 2008 ; 14: 140-142
    • (2008) Mult Scler , vol.14 , pp. 140-142
    • Motl, R.W.1    Arnett, P.A.2    Smith, M.M.3
  • 5
    • 0033763603 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Body mass index, physical inactivity and low level of physical fitness as determinants of all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality - 16 y follow-up of middle-aged and elderly men and women
    • Haapanen-Niemi N, Miilunpalo S, Pasanen M, et al. Body mass index, physical inactivity and low level of physical fitness as determinants of all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality - 16 y follow-up of middle-aged and elderly men and women. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 2000 ; 24: 1465-1474
    • (2000) Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord , vol.24 , pp. 1465-1474
    • Haapanen-Niemi, N.1    Miilunpalo, S.2    Pasanen, M.3
  • 6
    • 77649130285 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Physical activity, fitness and fatness: Relations to mortality, morbidity and disease risk factors. A systematic review
    • Fogelholm M. Physical activity, fitness and fatness: Relations to mortality, morbidity and disease risk factors. A systematic review. Obes Rev. 2010 ; 11: 202-221
    • (2010) Obes Rev , vol.11 , pp. 202-221
    • Fogelholm, M.1
  • 7
    • 64749098642 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Physical inactivity: A cardiovascular risk factor
    • Prasad DS, Das BC. Physical inactivity: A cardiovascular risk factor. Indian J Med Sci. 2009 ; 63: 33-42
    • (2009) Indian J Med Sci , vol.63 , pp. 33-42
    • Prasad, D.S.1    Das, B.C.2
  • 8
    • 76749147752 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Physical inactivity, abdominal obesity and risk of coronary heart disease in apparently healthy men and women
    • Arsenault BJ, Rana JS, Lemieux I, et al. Physical inactivity, abdominal obesity and risk of coronary heart disease in apparently healthy men and women. Int J Obes (Lond). 2010 ; 34: 340-347
    • (2010) Int J Obes (Lond) , vol.34 , pp. 340-347
    • Arsenault, B.J.1    Rana, J.S.2    Lemieux, I.3
  • 10
    • 0036744483 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Obesity, physical inactivity, and risk for cardiovascular disease
    • Dubbert PM, Carithers T, Sumner AE, et al. Obesity, physical inactivity, and risk for cardiovascular disease. Am J Med Sci. 2002 ; 324: 116-126
    • (2002) Am J Med Sci , vol.324 , pp. 116-126
    • Dubbert, P.M.1    Carithers, T.2    Sumner, A.E.3
  • 11
    • 0024160877 scopus 로고
    • Banting lecture 1988. Role of insulin resistance in human disease
    • Reaven GM. Banting lecture 1988. Role of insulin resistance in human disease. Diabetes. 1988 ; 37: 1595-1607
    • (1988) Diabetes , vol.37 , pp. 1595-1607
    • Reaven, G.M.1
  • 12
    • 1842831084 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical management of metabolic syndrome: Report of the American Heart Association/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute/American Diabetes Association conference on scientific issues related to management
    • Grundy SM, Hansen B, Smith SC, et al. Clinical management of metabolic syndrome: Report of the American Heart Association/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute/American Diabetes Association conference on scientific issues related to management. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2004 ; 24: e19 - e24
    • (2004) Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol , vol.24
    • Grundy, S.M.1    Hansen, B.2    Smith, S.C.3
  • 14
    • 1842734164 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trends in survival and cause of death in Danish patients with multiple sclerosis
    • Bronnum-Hansen H, Koch-Henriksen N, Stenager E. Trends in survival and cause of death in Danish patients with multiple sclerosis. Brain. 2004 ; 127: 844-850
    • (2004) Brain , vol.127 , pp. 844-850
    • Bronnum-Hansen, H.1    Koch-Henriksen, N.2    Stenager, E.3
  • 15
    • 0031840940 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Underlying cause of death in Danish patients with multiple sclerosis: Results from the Danish Multiple Sclerosis Registry
    • Koch-Henriksen N, Bronnum-Hansen H, Stenager E. Underlying cause of death in Danish patients with multiple sclerosis: Results from the Danish Multiple Sclerosis Registry. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1998 ; 65: 56-59
    • (1998) J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry , vol.65 , pp. 56-59
    • Koch-Henriksen, N.1    Bronnum-Hansen, H.2    Stenager, E.3
  • 16
    • 77955797110 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comorbidities amongst patients with multiple sclerosis: A population-based controlled study
    • Kang JH, Chen YH, Lin HC. Comorbidities amongst patients with multiple sclerosis: A population-based controlled study. Eur J Neurol. 2010 ; 17: 1215-1219
    • (2010) Eur J Neurol , vol.17 , pp. 1215-1219
    • Kang, J.H.1    Chen, Y.H.2    Lin, H.C.3
  • 17
    • 84869068663 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chronic diseases in male veterans with multiple sclerosis
    • Lavela SL, Prohaska TR, Furner S, et al. Chronic diseases in male veterans with multiple sclerosis. Prev Chronic Dis. 2012 ; 9: E55
    • (2012) Prev Chronic Dis , vol.9 , pp. 55
    • Lavela, S.L.1    Prohaska, T.R.2    Furner, S.3
  • 18
    • 84862321984 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Causes of death in patients with multiple sclerosis and matched referent subjects: A population-based cohort study
    • Lalmohamed A, Bazelier MT, Van Staa TP, et al. Causes of death in patients with multiple sclerosis and matched referent subjects: A population-based cohort study. Eur J Neurol. 2012 ; 19: 1007-1014
    • (2012) Eur J Neurol , vol.19 , pp. 1007-1014
    • Lalmohamed, A.1    Bazelier, M.T.2    Van Staa, T.P.3
  • 19
    • 0028061733 scopus 로고
    • Patterns of comorbidity in elderly patients with multiple sclerosis
    • Fleming ST, Blake J. Patterns of comorbidity in elderly patients with multiple sclerosis. J Clin Epidemiol. 1994 ; 47: 1127-1132
    • (1994) J Clin Epidemiol , vol.47 , pp. 1127-1132
    • Fleming, S.T.1    Blake, J.2
  • 20
    • 45749135898 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vascular disease among hospitalized multiple sclerosis patients
    • Allen NB, Lichtman JH, Cohen HW, et al. Vascular disease among hospitalized multiple sclerosis patients. Neuroepidemiology. 2008 ; 30: 234-238
    • (2008) Neuroepidemiology , vol.30 , pp. 234-238
    • Allen, N.B.1    Lichtman, J.H.2    Cohen, H.W.3
  • 21
    • 82555171607 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Substantial adverse association of visual and vascular comorbidities on visual disability in multiple sclerosis
    • Marrie RA, Cutter G, Tyry T. Substantial adverse association of visual and vascular comorbidities on visual disability in multiple sclerosis. Multiple Sclerosis. 2011 ; 17: 1464-1471
    • (2011) Multiple Sclerosis , vol.17 , pp. 1464-1471
    • Marrie, R.A.1    Cutter, G.2    Tyry, T.3
  • 22
    • 64349089153 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term effect of comorbidity on the course of physical functioning in patients after stroke and with multiple sclerosis
    • Dallmeijer AJ, Beckerman H, de Groot V, et al. Long-term effect of comorbidity on the course of physical functioning in patients after stroke and with multiple sclerosis. J Rehabil Med. 2009 ; 41: 322-326
    • (2009) J Rehabil Med , vol.41 , pp. 322-326
    • Dallmeijer, A.J.1    Beckerman, H.2    De Groot, V.3
  • 23
    • 0029967873 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of aerobic training on fitness and quality of life in multiple sclerosis
    • Petajan JH, Gappmaier E, White AT, et al. Impact of aerobic training on fitness and quality of life in multiple sclerosis. Ann Neurol. 1996 ; 39: 432-441
    • (1996) Ann Neurol , vol.39 , pp. 432-441
    • Petajan, J.H.1    Gappmaier, E.2    White, A.T.3
  • 24
    • 0030792126 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reduced bone mass and fat-free mass in women with multiple sclerosis: Effects of ambulatory status and glucocorticoid use
    • Formica CA, Cosman F, Nieves J, et al. Reduced bone mass and fat-free mass in women with multiple sclerosis: Effects of ambulatory status and glucocorticoid use. Calcif Tissue Int. 1997 ; 61: 129-133
    • (1997) Calcif Tissue Int , vol.61 , pp. 129-133
    • Formica, C.A.1    Cosman, F.2    Nieves, J.3
  • 25
    • 0036846989 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Body composition in ambulatory women with multiple sclerosis
    • Lambert CP, Lee AR, Evans WJ. Body composition in ambulatory women with multiple sclerosis. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2002 ; 83: 1559-1561
    • (2002) Arch Phys Med Rehabil , vol.83 , pp. 1559-1561
    • Lambert, C.P.1    Lee, A.R.2    Evans, W.J.3
  • 26
    • 0036269974 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Coronary heart disease risk between active and inactive women with multiple sclerosis
    • Slawta JN, McCubbin JA, Wilcox AR, et al. Coronary heart disease risk between active and inactive women with multiple sclerosis. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2002 ; 34: 905-912
    • (2002) Med Sci Sports Exerc , vol.34 , pp. 905-912
    • Slawta, J.N.1    McCubbin, J.A.2    Wilcox, A.R.3
  • 27
    • 0345529089 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Health behaviors, body composition, and coronary heart disease risk in women with multiple sclerosis
    • Slawta JN, Wilcox AR, McCubbin JA, et al. Health behaviors, body composition, and coronary heart disease risk in women with multiple sclerosis. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2003 ; 84: 1823-1830
    • (2003) Arch Phys Med Rehabil , vol.84 , pp. 1823-1830
    • Slawta, J.N.1    Wilcox, A.R.2    McCubbin, J.A.3
  • 28
    • 33745328101 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of resistance training on risk of coronary artery disease in women with multiple sclerosis
    • White LJ, McCoy SC, Castellano V, et al. Effect of resistance training on risk of coronary artery disease in women with multiple sclerosis. Scand J Clin Lab Invest. 2006 ; 66: 351-355
    • (2006) Scand J Clin Lab Invest , vol.66 , pp. 351-355
    • White, L.J.1    McCoy, S.C.2    Castellano, V.3
  • 29
    • 63249129760 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bone health in ambulatory individuals with multiple sclerosis: Impact of physical activity, glucocorticoid use, and body composition
    • Mojtahedi MC, Snook EM, Motl RW, et al. Bone health in ambulatory individuals with multiple sclerosis: Impact of physical activity, glucocorticoid use, and body composition. J Rehabil Res Dev. 2008 ; 45: 851-861
    • (2008) J Rehabil Res Dev , vol.45 , pp. 851-861
    • Mojtahedi, M.C.1    Snook, E.M.2    Motl, R.W.3
  • 30
    • 59649084684 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The prevalence of overweight and obesity in veterans with multiple sclerosis
    • Khurana SR, Bamer AM, Turner AP, et al. The prevalence of overweight and obesity in veterans with multiple sclerosis. Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 2009 ; 88: 83-91
    • (2009) Am J Phys Med Rehabil , vol.88 , pp. 83-91
    • Khurana, S.R.1    Bamer, A.M.2    Turner, A.P.3
  • 31
    • 82855175200 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Body composition in ambulatory patients with multiple sclerosis
    • Sioka C, Fotopoulos A, Georgiou A, et al. Body composition in ambulatory patients with multiple sclerosis. J Clin Densitom. 2011 ; 14: 465-470
    • (2011) J Clin Densitom , vol.14 , pp. 465-470
    • Sioka, C.1    Fotopoulos, A.2    Georgiou, A.3
  • 32
    • 84865466843 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is metabolic flexibility altered in multiple sclerosis patients?
    • Mahler A, Steiniger J, Bock M, et al. Is metabolic flexibility altered in multiple sclerosis patients?. PLoS One. 2012 ; 7: e43675
    • (2012) PLoS One , vol.7 , pp. 43675
    • Mahler, A.1    Steiniger, J.2    Bock, M.3
  • 33
    • 1542285912 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Body fat distribution and plasma lipid profiles of patients with multiple sclerosis
    • Comoglu S, Yardimci S, Okcu Z. Body fat distribution and plasma lipid profiles of patients with multiple sclerosis. Turk J Med Sci. 2004 ; 34: 43-48
    • (2004) Turk J Med Sci , vol.34 , pp. 43-48
    • Comoglu, S.1    Yardimci, S.2    Okcu, Z.3
  • 34
    • 65949121327 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Physical activity and body composition among ambulatory individuals with multiple sclerosis
    • Snook EM, Mojtahedi MC, Evans EM, et al. Physical activity and body composition among ambulatory individuals with multiple sclerosis. Int J MS Care. 2005 ; 7: 137-142
    • (2005) Int J MS Care , vol.7 , pp. 137-142
    • Snook, E.M.1    Mojtahedi, M.C.2    Evans, E.M.3
  • 35
    • 0031974818 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Overweight and obesity in the United States: Prevalence and trends, 1960-1994
    • Flegal KM, Carroll MD, Kuczmarski RJ, et al. Overweight and obesity in the United States: Prevalence and trends, 1960-1994. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 1998 ; 22: 39-47
    • (1998) Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord , vol.22 , pp. 39-47
    • Flegal, K.M.1    Carroll, M.D.2    Kuczmarski, R.J.3
  • 36
    • 0019472554 scopus 로고
    • Multiple sclerosis and associated diseases: A relationship to diabetes mellitus
    • Warren S, Warren KG. Multiple sclerosis and associated diseases: A relationship to diabetes mellitus. Can J Neurol Sci. 1981 ; 8: 35-39
    • (1981) Can J Neurol Sci , vol.8 , pp. 35-39
    • Warren, S.1    Warren, K.G.2
  • 37
    • 33746651113 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence of diabetes in patients with multiple sclerosis
    • Hussein WI, Reddy SS. Prevalence of diabetes in patients with multiple sclerosis. Diabetes care. 2006 ; 29: 1984-1985
    • (2006) Diabetes Care , vol.29 , pp. 1984-1985
    • Hussein, W.I.1    Reddy, S.S.2
  • 38
    • 84875317729 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The prevalence of the classical and non-classical cardiovascular risk factors in multiple sclerosis patients
    • Sternberg Z, Leung C, Sternberg D, et al. The prevalence of the classical and non-classical cardiovascular risk factors in multiple sclerosis patients. CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets. 2013 ; 12: 104-111
    • (2013) CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets , vol.12 , pp. 104-111
    • Sternberg, Z.1    Leung, C.2    Sternberg, D.3
  • 39
    • 58149097279 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comorbidity, socioeconomic status and multiple sclerosis
    • Marrie R, Horwitz R, Cutter G, et al. Comorbidity, socioeconomic status and multiple sclerosis. Mult Scler. 2008 ; 14: 1091-1098
    • (2008) Mult Scler , vol.14 , pp. 1091-1098
    • Marrie, R.1    Horwitz, R.2    Cutter, G.3
  • 40
    • 77955318331 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comorbidity and health-related quality of life in people with multiple sclerosis
    • Warren SA, Turpin KVL, Pohar SL, et al. Comorbidity and health-related quality of life in people with multiple sclerosis. Int J MS Care. 2009 ; 11: 6-16
    • (2009) Int J MS Care , vol.11 , pp. 6-16
    • Warren, S.A.1    Kvl, T.2    Pohar, S.L.3
  • 41
    • 36448989205 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Demographic and disease characteristics of people with multiple sclerosis living in urban and rural areas
    • Buchanan RJ, Schiffer R, Stuifbergen A, et al. Demographic and disease characteristics of people with multiple sclerosis living in urban and rural areas. Int J MS Care. 2006 ; 8: 89-97
    • (2006) Int J MS Care , vol.8 , pp. 89-97
    • Buchanan, R.J.1    Schiffer, R.2    Stuifbergen, A.3
  • 42
    • 33750741996 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comorbidity was associated with neurologic and psychiatric diseases: A general practice-based controlled study
    • Nuyen J, Schellevis FG, Satariano WA, et al. Comorbidity was associated with neurologic and psychiatric diseases: A general practice-based controlled study. J Clin Epidemiol. 2006 ; 59: 1274-1284
    • (2006) J Clin Epidemiol , vol.59 , pp. 1274-1284
    • Nuyen, J.1    Schellevis, F.G.2    Satariano, W.A.3
  • 43
    • 0025770475 scopus 로고
    • Cardiovascular autonomic function in multiple sclerosis
    • Anema JR, Heijenbrok MW, Faes TJ, et al. Cardiovascular autonomic function in multiple sclerosis. J Neurol Sci. 1991 ; 104: 129-134
    • (1991) J Neurol Sci , vol.104 , pp. 129-134
    • Anema, J.R.1    Heijenbrok, M.W.2    Faes, T.J.3
  • 44
    • 0029901347 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pressor response to isometric exercise in patients with multiple sclerosis
    • Pepin EB, Hicks RW, Spencer MK, et al. Pressor response to isometric exercise in patients with multiple sclerosis. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1996 ; 28: 656-660
    • (1996) Med Sci Sports Exerc , vol.28 , pp. 656-660
    • Pepin, E.B.1    Hicks, R.W.2    Spencer, M.K.3
  • 45
    • 21344446806 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Abnormal heart rate and blood pressure responses to baroreflex stimulation in multiple sclerosis patients
    • Sanya EO, Tutaj M, Brown CM, et al. Abnormal heart rate and blood pressure responses to baroreflex stimulation in multiple sclerosis patients. Clin Auton Res. 2005 ; 15: 213-218
    • (2005) Clin Auton Res , vol.15 , pp. 213-218
    • Sanya, E.O.1    Tutaj, M.2    Brown, C.M.3
  • 46
    • 0022181207 scopus 로고
    • Disseminated abnormalities of cardiovascular autonomic functions in multiple sclerosis
    • Sterman AB, Coyle PK, Panasci DJ, et al. Disseminated abnormalities of cardiovascular autonomic functions in multiple sclerosis. Neurology. 1985 ; 35: 1665-1668
    • (1985) Neurology , vol.35 , pp. 1665-1668
    • Sterman, A.B.1    Coyle, P.K.2    Panasci, D.J.3
  • 47
    • 0036326151 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Blood cholesterol and MRI activity in first clinical episode suggestive of multiple sclerosis
    • Giubilei F, Antonini G, Di LS, et al. Blood cholesterol and MRI activity in first clinical episode suggestive of multiple sclerosis. Acta Neurol Scand. 2002 ; 106: 109-112
    • (2002) Acta Neurol Scand , vol.106 , pp. 109-112
    • Giubilei, F.1    Antonini, G.2    Di, L.S.3
  • 48
    • 77949290021 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Blood lipids, homocysteine, stress factors, and vitamins in clinically stable multiple sclerosis patients
    • Salemi G, Gueli MC, Vitale F, et al. Blood lipids, homocysteine, stress factors, and vitamins in clinically stable multiple sclerosis patients. Lipids Health Dis. 2010 ; 9: 19
    • (2010) Lipids Health Dis , vol.9 , pp. 19
    • Salemi, G.1    Gueli, M.C.2    Vitale, F.3
  • 49
    • 7444246097 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Agreement between self-report questionnaires and medical record data was substantial for diabetes, hypertension, myocardial infarction and stroke but not for heart failure
    • Okura Y, Urban LH, Mahoney DW, et al. Agreement between self-report questionnaires and medical record data was substantial for diabetes, hypertension, myocardial infarction and stroke but not for heart failure. J Clin Epidemiol. 2004 ; 57: 1096-1103
    • (2004) J Clin Epidemiol , vol.57 , pp. 1096-1103
    • Okura, Y.1    Urban, L.H.2    Mahoney, D.W.3
  • 50
    • 77955312194 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Emerging effects of comorbidities on multiple sclerosis
    • Marrie RA, Horwitz RI. Emerging effects of comorbidities on multiple sclerosis. Lancet Neurol. 2010 ; 9: 820-828
    • (2010) Lancet Neurol , vol.9 , pp. 820-828
    • Marrie, R.A.1    Horwitz, R.I.2
  • 51
    • 0032749804 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Disease steps in multiple sclerosis: A longitudinal study comparing disease steps and EDSS to evaluate disease progression
    • Hohol MJ, Orav EJ, Weiner HL. Disease steps in multiple sclerosis: A longitudinal study comparing disease steps and EDSS to evaluate disease progression. Mult Scler. 1999 ; 5: 349-354
    • (1999) Mult Scler , vol.5 , pp. 349-354
    • Hohol, M.J.1    Orav, E.J.2    Weiner, H.L.3
  • 52
    • 77953345572 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Validation of a self-report comorbidity questionnaire for multiple sclerosis
    • Horton M, Rudick RA, Hara-Cleaver C, et al. Validation of a self-report comorbidity questionnaire for multiple sclerosis. Neuroepidemiology. 2010 ; 35: 83-90
    • (2010) Neuroepidemiology , vol.35 , pp. 83-90
    • Horton, M.1    Rudick, R.A.2    Hara-Cleaver, C.3
  • 54
    • 0021072412 scopus 로고
    • An in vivo and in vitro study of the mechanism of prednisone-induced insulin resistance in healthy subjects
    • Pagano G, Cavallo-Perin P, Cassader M, et al. An in vivo and in vitro study of the mechanism of prednisone-induced insulin resistance in healthy subjects. J Clin Invest. 1983 ; 72: 1814-1820
    • (1983) J Clin Invest , vol.72 , pp. 1814-1820
    • Pagano, G.1    Cavallo-Perin, P.2    Cassader, M.3
  • 55
    • 3042821952 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alcohol consumption and the metabolic syndrome in Korean adults: The 1998 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
    • Yoon YS, Oh SW, Baik HW, et al. Alcohol consumption and the metabolic syndrome in Korean adults: the 1998 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Am J Clin Nutr. 2004 ; 80: 217-224
    • (2004) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.80 , pp. 217-224
    • Yoon, Y.S.1    Oh, S.W.2    Baik, H.W.3
  • 56
    • 7444240186 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk factors for the metabolic syndrome: The Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study, 1985-2001
    • Carnethon MR, Loria CM, Hill JO, et al. Risk factors for the metabolic syndrome: The Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study, 1985-2001. Diabetes Care. 2004 ; 27: 2707-2715
    • (2004) Diabetes Care , vol.27 , pp. 2707-2715
    • Carnethon, M.R.1    Loria, C.M.2    Hill, J.O.3
  • 57
    • 5144229089 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of dietary intakes associated with metabolic syndrome risk factors in young adults: The Bogalusa Heart Study
    • Yoo S, Nicklas T, Baranowski T, et al. Comparison of dietary intakes associated with metabolic syndrome risk factors in young adults: The Bogalusa Heart Study. Am J Clin Nutr. 2004 ; 80: 841-848
    • (2004) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.80 , pp. 841-848
    • Yoo, S.1    Nicklas, T.2    Baranowski, T.3
  • 58
    • 23044434517 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association between cigarette smoking and metabolic syndrome: The Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
    • Oh SW, Yoon YS, Lee ES, et al. Association between cigarette smoking and metabolic syndrome: The Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Diabetes Care. 2005 ; 28: 2064-2066
    • (2005) Diabetes Care , vol.28 , pp. 2064-2066
    • Oh, S.W.1    Yoon, Y.S.2    Lee, E.S.3
  • 59
    • 57749110820 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardiovascular, inflammatory, and metabolic consequences of sleep deprivation
    • Mullington JM, Haack M, Toth M, et al. Cardiovascular, inflammatory, and metabolic consequences of sleep deprivation. Prog Cardiovasc Dis. 2009 ; 51: 294-302
    • (2009) Prog Cardiovasc Dis , vol.51 , pp. 294-302
    • Mullington, J.M.1    Haack, M.2    Toth, M.3
  • 60
    • 33646096972 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Symptom change with exercise is a temporary phenomenon for people with multiple sclerosis
    • Smith RM, Adeney-Steel M, Fulcher G, et al. Symptom change with exercise is a temporary phenomenon for people with multiple sclerosis. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2006 ; 87: 723-727
    • (2006) Arch Phys Med Rehabil , vol.87 , pp. 723-727
    • Smith, R.M.1    Adeney-Steel, M.2    Fulcher, G.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.