A randomized controlled trial of an automated exercise coach for older adults

Journal of the American Geriatrics Society

Volumn 61, Issue 10, 2013, Pages 1676-1683

  Bickmore, Timothy W ^a   Silliman, Rebecca A ^b,c,d   Nelson, Kerrie ^c   Cheng, Debbie M ^c   Winter, Michael ^c   Henault, Lori ^d   Paasche Orlow, Michael K ^b  

^a Northeastern University   (United States)

^b BOSTON UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^c BOSTON UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^d BOSTON MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

Author keywords

computer; conversational agent; health literacy; walking

Indexed keywords

AFRICAN AMERICAN; AGED; AMBULATORY CARE; ARTICLE; AUTOMATION; BEHAVIOR CHANGE; CLINICAL EFFECTIVENESS; COMPARATIVE EFFECTIVENESS; COMPUTER; COMPUTER INTERFACE; CONTROLLED STUDY; EDUCATIONAL STATUS; ELDERLY CARE; EMBODIED CONVERSATIONAL AGENT; EXERCISE; FEMALE; GOAL ATTAINMENT; HEALTH LITERACY; HEALTH PROMOTION; HUMAN; MALE; MEDICAL PRACTICE; NORMAL HUMAN; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT; OUTPATIENT CARE; PEDOMETER; PHYSICAL ACTIVITY; PORTABLE EQUIPMENT; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; SATISFACTION; SEDENTARY LIFESTYLE; SINGLE BLIND PROCEDURE; UNITED STATES; URBAN AREA; VIRTUAL REALITY; WALKING;

COMPUTER; CONVERSATIONAL AGENT; HEALTH LITERACY; WALKING;

ACTIGRAPHY; AGED; AGING; EXERCISE; FEMALE; FOLLOW-UP STUDIES; HEALTH LITERACY; HEALTH STATUS; HUMANS; MALE; MOTOR ACTIVITY; RETROSPECTIVE STUDIES; SINGLE-BLIND METHOD; WALKING;

EID: 84885590608     PISSN: 00028614     EISSN: 15325415     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/jgs.12449     Document Type: Article

References (46)

1. Hirvensalo M, Rantanen T, Heikkinen E,. Mobility difficulties and physical activity as predictors of mortality and loss of independence in the community-living older population. J Am Geriatr Soc 2000; 48: 493-498.
2. Hakim A, Petrovitch H, Brurchfiel C, et al. Effects of walking on mortality among nonsmoking retired men. N Engl J Med 1998; 338: 94-99.
3. Kushi L, Fee R, Folsom A, et al. Physical activity and mortality in postmenopausal women. JAMA 1997; 277: 1287-1292.
4. Miller M, Rejeski W, Reboussin B, et al. Physical activity, functional limitations, and disability in older adults. J Am Geriatr Soc 2000; 48: 1264-1272.
5. Carlons J, Ostir G, Black S, et al. Disability in older adults. 2: Physical activity as prevention. Behav Med 1999; 24: 157-168.
6. Singh N, Celements K, Fiatarone Singh M,. The efficacy of exercise as a long-term antidepressant in the elderly: A randomized controlled trial. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2001; 56A: M1-M8.
7. Keysor J, Jette A,. Have we oversold the benefit of late-life exercise? J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2001; 56A: M412-M423.
8. Melzer I, Benjuya N, Kaplanski J,. Effects of regular walking on postural stability in the elderly. Gerontology 2003; 49: 240-245.
9. Mazzeo R, Cavanaugh P, Evans W, et al. Exercise and physical activity for older adults. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1998; 30: 992-1008.
10. Schnelle J, MacRae P, Ouslander J, et al. Functional incidental training, mobility performance, and incontinence care with nursing home residents. J Am Geriatr Soc 1995; 43: 1356-1362.
11. Bunen F, Feskens E, Caspersen C,. Baseline and previous physical activity in relation to mortality in elderly men: the Zutphen Elderly Study. Am J Epidemiol 1999; 150: 1621-1628.
12. Eriksson G, Liestol K, Biornholt J,. Changes in physical fitness and changes in mortality. Lancet 1998; 352: 759-762.
13. Nelson M, Rejeski J, Blair S, et al. Physical activity and public health in older adults: Recommendation from the American College of Sports Medicine and the American Heart Association. Circulation 2007; 116: 1094-1105.
14. Physical Activity and Health: A Report of The Surgeon General. Atlanta, GA: Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, 1996.
15. Ma Y, Hébert J, Manson J, et al. Determinants of racial/ethnic disparities in incidence of diabetes in postmenopausal women in the U.S.: The Women's Health Initiative 1993-2009. Diabetes Care 2012; 35: 2226-2234.
16. Mathieu R, Powell-Wiley T, Ayers C, et al. Physical activity participation, health perceptions, and cardiovascular disease mortality in a multiethnic population: The Dallas Heart Study. Am Heart J 2012; 163: 1037-1040.
17. Conn V, Minor M, Burks K, et al. Integrative review of physical activity intervention research with aging adults. J Am Geriatr Soc 2003; 51: 1159-1168.
18. Bravata D, Smith-Spangler C, Sundaram V, et al. Using pedometers to increase physical activity and improve health: A systematic review. JAMA 2011; 298: 2296-2304.
19. Borson S, Scanlan J, Brush M, et al. The Mini-Cog: A cognitive "vital signs" measure for dementia screening in multi-lingual elderly. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2000; 15: 1021-1027.
20. Kroenke K, Spitzer R, Williams J,. The PHQ-9: Validity of a brief depression severity measure. J Gen Intern Med 2001; 16: 606-613.
21. Fried L, Tangen C, Walston J, et al. Frailty in older adults: Evidence for a phenotype. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2001; 56A: M146-M156.
22. Aoyagi Y, Togo F, Matsuki S, et al. Walking velocity measured over 5 m as a basis of exercise prescription for the elderly: Preliminary data from the Nakanojo Study. Eur J Appl Physiol 2004; 93: 217-223.
23. Parker R, Baker D, Williams M, et al. The Test of Functional Health Literacy in Adults (TOFHLA): A new instrument for measuring patients' literacy skills. J Gen Intern Med 1995; 10: 537-541.
24. Sudore R, Yaffe K, Satterfield S, et al. Limited literacy and mortality in the elderly: The Health, Aging, and Body Composition study. J Gen Intern Med 2006; 21: 806-812.
25. Holbrook E, Barreira T, Kang M,. Validity and reliability of Omron pedometers for prescribed and self-paced walking. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2009; 41: 669-673.
26. Tudor-Locke C, Johnson W, Katzmarzyk P,. Accelerometer-determined steps per day in US adults. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2009; 41: 1384-1391.
27. Tudor-Locke C, Johnson W, Katzmarzyk P,. U.S. population profile of time-stamped accelerometer outputs: Impact of wear time. J Phys Act Health 2011; 8: 693-698.
28. Tudor-Locke C, Bassett D, Shipe M, et al. Pedometry methods for assessing free-living adults. J Phys Act Health 2011; 8: 445-453.
29. Tudor-Locke C, Myers A,. Methodological considerations for researchers and practitioners using pedometers to measure physical (ambulatory) activity. Res Q Exerc Sport 2001; 72: 1-12.
30. Houts P, Doak C, Doak L, et al. The role of pictures in improving health communication: A review of research on attention, comprehension, recall, and adherence. Patient Educ Couns 2006; 61: 173-190.
31. Qualls C, Harris J, Rogers W,. Cognitive-linguistic aging: Considerations for home health care environments. In:, Rogers W, Fisk A, eds. Human Factors Interventions for the Health Care of Older Adults. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum, 2002, pp 47-67.
32. Morris L, Halperin J,. Effects of written drug information on patient knowledge and compliance: A literature review. Am J Public Health 1979; 69: 47-52.
33. Bickmore T, Pfeifer L, Byron D, et al. Usability of conversational agents by patients with inadequate health literacy: Evidence from two clinical trials. J Health Commun 2010; 15 (Suppl 2): 197-210.
34. Velicer W, Reading C, Blissmer B, et al. Using relational agents in tailored interventions for multiple risk factors: Preliminary 12 month results. In: Society of Behavioral Medicine Annual Meeting Final Program, 2013.
35. Watson A, Bickmore T, Cange A, et al. An internet-based virtual coach to promote physical activity adherence in overweight adults: Randomized controlled trial. J Med Internet Res 2012; 14: e1.
36. Bickmore T, Schulman D, Sidner C,. Automated interventions for multiple health behaviors using conversational agents. Patient Educ Couns 2013; 92: 142-148.
37. Ellis T, Latham N, DeAngelis T, et al. Feasibility of a virtual exercise coach to promote walking in community-dwelling persons with Parkinson disease. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 2013; 92: 472-485.
38. Bickmore T, Gruber A, Picard R,. Establishing the computer-patient working alliance in automated health behavior change interventions. Patient Educ Couns 2005; 59: 21-30.
39. Knapp D,. Behavioral management techniques and exercise promotion. In:, Dishman R, ed. Exercise Adherence: Its Impact on Public Health. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics Books, 1988, pp 203-235.
40. Bickmore T, Caruso L, Clough-Gorr K, et al. "It's just like you talk to a friend"-Relational agents for older adults. Interact Comput 2005; 17: 711-735.
41. Dishman R, Buckworth J,. Increasing physical activity: A quantitative synthesis. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1996; 28: 706-719.
42. Schulz K, Altman D, Moher D, et al. CONSORT 2010 Statement: Updated guidelines for reporting parallel group randomised trials. Ann Intern Med 2010; 152: 726-732.
43. Tudor-Locke C, Craig C, Aoyagi Y, et al. How many steps/day are enough? For older adults and special populations. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2011; 8: 80.
44. Ewald B, Attia J, McElduff P,. How many steps are enough? Dose response curves for pedometer steps and multiple health markers in a community based sample of older Australians J Phys Act Health (in press). [Epub ahead of print]
45. Heesch K, van Uffelen J, van Gellecum Y, et al. Dose-response relationships between physical activity, walking and health-related quality of life in mid-age and older women. J Epidemiol Community Health 2012; 66: 670-677.
46. Walton-Moss B, Samuel L, Nguyen T, et al. Community-based cardiovascular health interventions in vulnerable populations: A systematic review. J Cardiovasc Nurs 2013; (in press). [Epub ahead of print]