Triage of intensive care patients: Identifying agreement and controversy

Intensive Care Medicine

Volumn 39, Issue 11, 2013, Pages 1916-1924

  Sprung, Charles L ^a   Danis, Marion ^b   Iapichino, Gaetano ^c   Artigas, Antonio ^d   Kesecioglu, Jozef ^e   Moreno, Rui ^f   Lippert, Anne ^g   Curtis, J Randall ^h   Meale, Paula ⁱ   Cohen, Simon L ⁱ   Levy, Mitchell M ^j   Truog, Robert D ^k  

^a HADASSAH HEBREW UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER   (Israel)

^b NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF MILAN   (Italy)

^d UNIVERSITAT AUTÒNOMA DE BARCELONA   (Spain)

^e UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER UTRECHT   (Netherlands)

^f HOSPITAL DE SÃO JOSÉ   (Portugal)

^g GENTOFTE UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL   (Denmark)

^h UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON   (United States)

ⁱ UNIVERSITY COLLEGE LONDON   (United Kingdom)

^j BROWN UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^k HARVARD MEDICAL SCHOOL   (United States)

more..

Author keywords

Consensus statement; Elderly; Intensive care unit; Triage

Indexed keywords

AGED; ARTICLE; CONSENSUS DEVELOPMENT; CRITICAL ILLNESS; EMERGENCY HEALTH SERVICE; EUROPE; GERIATRIC CARE; GERIATRIC PATIENT; HEALTH CARE POLICY; HOSPITAL ADMISSION; HOSPITAL DISCHARGE; HUMAN; INTENSIVE CARE; INTENSIVE CARE UNIT; MEDICAL DECISION MAKING; MEDICAL ETHICS; MEDICAL SOCIETY; PORTUGAL; RESOURCE ALLOCATION; SCORING SYSTEM; SURVIVAL RATE;

CONSENSUS; DECISION MAKING; EUROPE; HUMANS; INTENSIVE CARE UNITS; SURVIVAL ANALYSIS; TRIAGE;

EID: 84885420515     PISSN: 03424642     EISSN: 14321238     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s00134-013-3033-6     Document Type: Article

References (33)

1. Society of Critical Care Medicine. Ethics Committee (1994) Consensus statement on the triage of critically ill patients. JAMA 271:1200-1203
2. Metcalfe MA, Sloggett A, McPherson K (1997) Mortality among appropriately referred patients refused admission to intensive care units. Lancet 350:7-11
3. Sprung CL, Geber D, Eidelman LA, Baras M, Pizov R, Nimrod A, Oppenheim A, Epstein L, Cotev S (1999) Evaluation of triage decisions for intensive care admission. Crit Care Med 27:1073-1079
4. Joynt GM, Gomersall CD, Tan P, Lee A, Cheng CA, Wong EL (2001) Prospective evaluation of patients refused admission to an intensive care unit: Triage, futility and outcome. Intensive Care Med 27:1459-1465
5. Simchen E, Sprung CL, Galai N, Zitser-Gurevich Y, Bar-Lavi Y, Gurman G, Klein M, Lev A, Levi L, Zveibil F, Mandel M, Mnatzaganian G (2004) Survival of critically ill patients hospitalized in and out of intensive care units under paucity of intensive care unit beds. Crit Care Med 32:1654-1661
6. Garrouste-Orgeas M, Montuclard L, Timsit JF, Reignier J, Desmettre T, Karoubi P, Moreau D, Montesino L, Duguet A, Boussat S, Ede C, Monseau Y, Paule T, Misset B, Carlet J, French ADMISSIONREA Study Group (2005) Predictors of intensive care unit refusal in French intensive care units: A multiple-center study. Crit Care Med 33:750-755
7. Hurst SA, Slowther AM, Forde R et al (2006) Prevalence and determinants of physician bedside rationing: Data from Europe. J Gen Int Med 21:1138-1143
8. Simchen E, Sprung CL, Galai N, Zitser-Gurevich Y, Bar-Lavi Y, Levi L, Zveibil F, Mandel M, Mnatzaganian G, Goldschmidt N, Ekka-Zohar A, Weiss-Salz I (2007) Survival of critically ill patients hospitalized in and out of intensive care. Crit Care Med 35:449-457
9. Hope T, McMillan J, Hill E (2012) Intensive care triage: Priority should be independent of whether patients are already receiving intensive care. Bioethics 26:259-266
10. Reignier JRR, Tournoux-Facon C, Boulain T, Lesieur O et al (2012) Refusal of intensive care unit admission due to a full unit: Impact on mortality. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 185:1081-1087
11. Akkaoui M, Abidi K, Louriz M et al (2012) Determinants and outcomes associated with decisions to deny or to delay intensive care unit admission in Morocco. Intensive Care Med 38:830-837
12. Mery E, Kahn JM (2013) Does space make waste? The influence of ICU bed capacity on admission decisions. Crit Care 17:315
13. Sinuff T, Kahnamoui K, Cook DJ, Luce JM, Levy MM, For the Values Ethics and Rationing in Critical Care (VERICC) Task Force (2004) Rationing critical care beds: A systematic review. Crit Care Med 32:1588-1597
14. Strech D, Synofzik M, Marckmann G (2008) How physicians allocate scarce resources at the bedside: A systematic review of qualitative studies. J Med Phil 33:80-99
15. Azoulay E, Pochard F, Chevret S, Vinsonneau C, Garrouste M, Cohen Y, Thuong M, Paugam C, Apperre C, De Cagny B, Brun F, Bornstain C, Parrot A, Thamion F, Lacherade JC, Bouffard Y, Le Gall JR, Herve C, Grassin M, Zittoun R, Schlemmer B, Dhainaut JF, For the PROTOCETIC Group (2001) Compliance with triage to intensive care recommendations. Crit Care Med 29:2132-2136
16. Rhodes A, Ferdinande P, Flaatten H, Guidet B, Metnitz PG, Moreno RP (2012) The variability of critical care bed numbers in Europe. Intensive Care Med 38:1647-1653
17. Cooper AB, Sibbald R, Scales DC, Rozmovits L, Sinuff T (2013) Scarcity: The context of rationing in an Ontario ICU. Crit Care Med 41:1476-1482
18. American Thoracic Society Bioethics Task Force (1997) Fair allocation of intensive care unit resources. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 156:1282-1301
19. Iapichino G, Corbella D, Minelli C, Mills G, Artigas A, Edbooke D, Pezzi A, Kesecioglu J, Patroniti N, Baras M, Sprung CL (2010) Reasons for refusal of admission to intensive care and impact on mortality. Intensive Care Med 36:1772-1779
20. Sprung CL, Baras M, Iapichino G, Kesecioglu J, Lippert A, Hargreaves C, Pezzi A, Pirrachio R, Edbrooke DL, Pesenti A, Bakker J, Gurman G, Cohen SL, Wiis J, Payen D, Artigas A (2012) The Eldicus prospective, observational study of triage decision making in European intensive care units: Part I-European intensive care admission triage score (EICATS). Crit Care Med 40:125-131
21. Sprung CL, Artigas A, Kesecioglu J, Pezzi A, Wiis J, Pirrachio R, Baras M, Edbrooke DL, Pesenti A, Bakker J, Hargreaves C, Gurman G, Cohen SL, Lippert A, Payen D, Corbella D, Iapichino G (2012) The Eldicus prospective, observational study of triage decision making in European intensive care units. Part II: Intensive care benefit for the elderly. Crit Care Med 40:132-138
22. Christian MD, Joynt GM, Colvn J, Hick JL, Danis M, Sprung CL (2010) Critical care triage. In: Sprung CL, Cohen R, Adini B (eds) Recommendations and standard operating procedures for intensive care unit and hospital preparations for an influenza epidemic or mass disaster. Summary report of the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine's Task Force for intensive care unit triage during an influenza epidemic or mass disaster. Intensive Care Med 36:S55-S64
23. Satterthwaite PS, Atkinson CJ (2012) Using 'reverse triage' to create hospital surge capacity: Royal Darwin Hospital's response to the Ashmore Reef disaster. Emerg Med J 29:160-162
24. Valentin A, Ferdinande P, ESICM Working Group on Quality Improvement (2011) Recommendations on basic requirements for intensive care units: Structural and organizational aspects. Intensive Care Med 37:1575-1587
25. Knaus WA, Wagner DP, Lynn J (1991) Short-term mortality predictions for critically ill hospitalized adults: Science and ethics. Science 254:389-394
26. Truog RD (1992) Triage in the ICU. Hast Cent Rep 22:13-17
27. Danis M, Biddle AK, Goold SD (2004) Enrollees choose priorities for Medicare. Gerontologist 44:58-67
28. Baker R, Strosberg M (1992) Triage and equality: an historical reassessment of utilitarian analyses of triage. Kennedy Inst Ethics J 2:103-123
29. Persad G, Wertheimer A, Emanuel EJ (2009) Principles for allocation of scarce medical interventions. Lancet 373:423-431
30. Callahan D (1987) Setting limits. Medical goals in an aging society. Simon and Schuster, New York
31. Daniels N (1983) Justice between age groups: am I my parents' keeper? Milbank Mem Fund Q Health Soc 61:489-522
32. Levin PD, Sprung CL (2001) The process of intensive care triage. Intensive Care Med 27:1441-1445
33. Lecuyer L, Chevret S, Thiery G, Darmon M, Schlemmer B, Azoulay E (2007) The ICU trial: A new admission policy for cancer patients requiring mechanical ventilation. Crit Care Med 35:808-814