Variability in Southern Hemisphere ocean circulation from the 1980s to the 2000s

Journal of Physical Oceanography

Volumn 43, Issue 9, 2013, Pages 1981-2007

  Katsumata, K ^a   Masuda, S ^a  

^a JAPAN AGENCY FOR MARINE EARTH SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY   (Japan)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANTARCTIC BOTTOM WATER; ANTARCTIC CIRCUMPOLAR CURRENTS; BAROCLINIC TRANSPORT; MERIDIONAL OVERTURNING CIRCULATIONS; OCEAN CIRCULATION; OCEAN GENERAL CIRCULATION MODELS; SOUTHERN ANNULAR MODE; SOUTHERN HEMISPHERE;

OCEANOGRAPHY;

OCEAN CURRENTS;

ANNUAL VARIATION; BAROTROPIC MOTION; CIRCUMPOLAR CURRENT; DECADAL VARIATION; DECOMPOSITION ANALYSIS; INVERSE ANALYSIS; MERIDIONAL CIRCULATION; OCEANIC CIRCULATION; OVERTURN; POLAR FRONT; SOUTHERN HEMISPHERE; WIND STRESS;

EID: 84885157675     PISSN: 00223670     EISSN: 15200485     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1175/JPO-D-12-0209.1     Document Type: Article

References (84)

1. Abernathey, R., J. Marshall, andD. Ferreira, 2011: The dependence of Southern Ocean meridional overturning on wind stress. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 41, 2261-2278.
2. Aoki, S., S. R. Rintoul, S. Ushio, S. Watanabe, and N. L. Bindoff, 2005: Freshening of the Adelie LandBottomWater near 1408E. Geophys. Res. Lett., 32, L23601, doi:10.1029/2005GL024246.
3. Bergmann, I., and H. Dobslaw, 2012: Short-term transport variability of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current from satellite gravity observations. J. Geophys. Res., 117, C05044, doi:10.1029/ 2012JC007872.
4. Böning, C. W., A. Dispert, M. Visbeck, S. R. Rintoul, and F. U. Schwarzkopf, 2008: The response of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current to recent climate change. Nat. Geosci., 1, 864-869.
5. Cai, W., T. Cowan, S. Godfrey, and S. Wijffels, 2010: Simulations of processes associated with the fast warming rate of the southern midlatitude ocean. J. Climate, 23, 197-206.
6. Carton, J. A., and B. S. Giese, 2008: A reanalysis of ocean climate using Simple Ocean Data Assimilation (SODA). Mon. Wea. Rev., 136, 2999-3017.
7. Carton, J. A., H. F. Seidel, and B. S. Giese, 2012: Detecting historical ocean climate variability. J. Geophys. Res., 117, C02023, doi:10.1029/ 2011JC007401.
8. Chelton, D. B., M. G. Schlax, and R. M. Samelson, 2011: Global observations of nonlinear mesoscale eddies. Prog. Oceanogr., 91, 167-216.
9. Compo, G. P., and Coauthors, 2011: The twentieth century reanalysis project. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 137, 1-28.
10. Cunningham, S. A., S. G. Alderson, B. A. King, and M. A. Brandon, 2003: Transport and variability of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current in Drake Passage. J. Geophys. Res., 108, 8084, doi:10.1029/2001JC001147.
11. Davis, R. E., 1998: Preliminary results from directly measuring middepth circulation in the tropical and South Pacific. J. Geophys. Res., 103 (C11), 24 619-24 639.
12. Davis, R. E., 2005: Intermediate-depth circulation of the Indian and South Pacific Oceans measured by autonomous floats. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 35, 683-707.
13. Döös, K., and D. J. Webb, 1994: The Deacon cell and the other meridional cells of the Southern Ocean. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 24, 429-442.
14. Durack, P. J., and S. E. Wijffels, 2010: Fifty-year trends in global ocean salinities and their relationship to broad-scale warming. J. Climate, 23, 4342-4362.
15. Farneti, R., T. L. Delworth, A. J. Rosati, S. M. Griffies, and F. Zeng, 2010: The role of mesoscale eddies in the rectification of the Southern Ocean response to climate change. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 40, 1539-1557.
16. Ganachaud, A., 2003: Error budget of inverse box models: The North Atlantic. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 20, 1641-1655.
17. Ganachaud, A., and C. Wunsch, 2000: Improved estimates of global ocean circulation, heat transport and mixing from hydrographic data. Nature, 408, 453-457.
18. Ganachaud, A.,C. Wunsch, J. Marotzke, and J. Toole, 2000: Meridional overturning and large-scale circulation of the Indian Ocean. J. Geophys. Res., 105, 26 117-26 134.
19. Gille, S. T., 2002: Warming of the Southern Ocean since the 1950s. Science, 295, 1275-1277.
20. Gille, S. T, 2008: Decadal-scale temperature trends in the Southern Hemisphere ocean. J. Climate, 21, 4749-4765.
21. Gordon, A. L., and Coauthors, 2010: The Indonesian throughflow during 2004-2006 as observed by the INSTANT program. Dyn. Atmos. Oceans, 50, 115-128.
22. Graham, A. M., R. M. de Boer, K. J. Heywood, M. R. Chapman, and D. P. Stevens, 2012: Southern Ocean fronts: Controlled by wind or topography? J. Geophys. Res., 117, C08018, doi:10.1029/ 2012JC007887.
23. Hall, A., and M. Visbeck, 2002: Synchronous variability in the Southern Hemisphere atmosphere, sea ice, and ocean resulting from the annular mode. J. Climate, 15, 3043-3057.
24. Hallberg, R., and A. Gnanadesikan, 2006: The role of eddies in determining the structure and response of the wind-driven Southern Hemisphere overturning: Results from the Modeling Eddies in the Southern Ocean (MESO) project. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 36, 2232-2252.
25. Hogg, A. M., 2010: An Antarctic Circumpolar Current driven by surface buoyancy forcing. Geophys. Res. Lett., 37, L23601, doi:10.1029/2010GL044777.
26. Hughes, C. W., and V. N. Stepanov, 2004: Ocean dynamics associated with rapid J2 fluctuations: Importance of circumpolar modes and identification of a coherent Arctic mode. J. Geophys. Res., 109, C06002, doi:10.1029/2003JC002176.
27. Hughes, C. W., M. P. Meredith, and K. J. Heywood, 1999: Wind-driven transport fluctuations through Drake Passage: A southern mode. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 29, 1971-1992.
28. Ito, T., and J. Marshall, 2008: Control of lower-limb overturning circulation in the Southern Ocean by diapycnal mixing and mesoscale eddy transfer. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 38, 2832-2845.
29. Jackett, D. R., and T. J. McDougall, 1997: A neutral density variable for the world's oceans. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 27, 237-263.
30. Kanamitsu, M., W. Ebisuzaki, J. Woollen, S. Yang, J. J. Hnilo, M. Fiorino, and G. L. Potter, 2002: NCEP DOE AMIP-II Reanalysis (R-2). Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 83, 1631-1643.
31. Katsumata, K., and H. Yoshinari, 2010: Uncertainties in global mapping of Argo drift data at the parking level. J. Oceanogr., 66, 553-569.
32. Katsumata, K., and M. Fukasawa, 2011: Changes in meridional fluxes and water properties in the Southern Hemisphere subtropical oceans between 1992/1995 and 2003/2004. Prog. Oceanogr., 89, 61-91.
33. Katsumata, K., B. M. Sloyan, and S. Masuda, 2013: Diapycnal and isopycnal transports in the Southern Ocean estimated by a box inverse model. J. Phys. Oceanogr., in press.
34. Keller, K., C. Deutsch, M. G. Hall, and D. F. Bradford, 2007: Early detection of changes in the North Atlantic Meridional overturning circulation: Implications for the design of ocean observation systems. J. Climate, 20, 145-157.
35. Kouketsu, S., and Coauthors, 2011: Deep ocean heat content changes estimated from observation and reanalysis product and their influence on sea level change. J. Geophys. Res., 116, C03012, doi:10.1029/2010JC006464.
36. Kuhlbrodt, T., R. S. Smith, Z. Wang, and J. M. Gregory, 2012: The influence of eddy parameterizations on the transport of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current in coupled climate models. Ocean Modell., 52, 1-8.
37. Lee, T., and Coauthors, 2010: Consistency and fidelity of Indonesianthroughflow total volume transport estimated by 14 ocean data assimilation products. Dyn. Atmos. Oceans, 50, 201-223.
38. Lee, T. and M. J. McPhaden, 2008: Decadal phase change in largescale sea level and winds in the Indo-Pacific region at the end of the 20th century. Geophys. Res. Lett., 35, L01605, doi:10.1029/ 2007GL032419.
39. Legeais, J., S. Speich, M. Arhan, I. Ansorge, E. Fahrbach, S. Garzoli, and A. Klepikov, 2005: The baroclinic transport of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current south of Africa. Geophys. Res. Lett., 32, L24602, doi:10.1029/2005GL023271.
40. Marshall, G. J., 2003: Trends in the southern annular mode from observations and reanalyses. J. Climate, 16, 4134-4143.
41. Masuda, S., and Coauthors, 2010: Simulated rapid warming of abyssal North Pacific waters. Science, 329, 319-322.
42. Masumoto, Y., and Coauthors, 2004: A fifty-year eddy-resolving simulation of the World Ocean. J. Earth Simul., 1, 35-56.
43. Mazloff, M. R., P. Heimbach, and C. Wunsch, 2010: An eddypermitting Southern Ocean state estimate. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 40, 880-899.
44. McCartney, M. S., and K. A. Donohue, 2007: A deep cyclonic gyre in the Australian-Antarctic Basin. Prog. Oceanogr., 75, 675-750.
45. McDonagh, E. L., 2009: RRS James Cook Cruise JC031, 03 Feb-03 Mar 2009. Hydrographic sections of Drake Passage. National Oceanography Centre Southampton, Tech. Rep. 39, 170 pp.
46. Meijers, A. J. S., N. L. Bindoff, and S. R. Rintoul, 2011: Frontal movements and property fluxes: Contributions to heat and freshwater trends in the Southern Ocean. J. Geophys. Res., 116, C08024, doi:10.1029/2010JC006832.
47. Meredith, M. P., P. L. Woodworth, C. W. Hughes, and V. Stepanov, 2004: Changes in the ocean transport through Drake Passage during the 1980s and 1990s, forced by changes in the Southern Annular Mode. Geophys. Res. Lett., 31, L21305, doi:10.1029/ 2004GL021169.
48. Meredith, M. P., A. C. Naveira Garabato, A. M. Hogg, and R. Farneti, 2011: Sensitivity of the overturning circulation in the Southern Ocean to decadal changes in wind forcing. J. Climate, 25, 99-110.
49. Nikurashin, M., and G. Vallis, 2011: A theory of deep stratification and overturning circulation in the ocean. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 41, 485-502.
50. Oke, P. R., and M. H. England, 2004: Oceanic response to changes in the latitude of the Southern Hemisphere subpolar westerly winds. J. Climate, 17, 1040-1054.
51. Olbers, D., and K. Lettmann, 2007: Barotropic and baroclinic processes in the transport variability of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current. Ocean Dyn., 57, 559-578.
52. Purkey, S. G., and G. C. Johnson, 2010: Warming of global abyssal and deep Southern Ocean waters between the 1990s and 2000s: Contributions to global heat and sea level rise budgets. J. Climate, 23, 6336-6351.
53. Purkey, S. G., and G. C. Johnson, 2012: Global contraction of Antarctic Bottom Water between the 1980s and 2000s. J. Climate, 25, 5830-5840.
54. Renault, A., C. Provost, N. Sennechael, and A. Kartavtseff, 2011: Two full-depth velocity sections in the Drake Passage in 2006 Transport estimates. Deep-Sea Res. II, 58, 2572-2591.
55. Rintoul, S. R., 2007: Rapid freshening of Antarctic Bottom Water formed in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. Geophys. Res. Lett., 34, L06606, doi:10.1029/2006GL028550.
56. Rintoul, S. R., and S. Sokolov, 2001: Baroclinic transport variability of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current south of Australia (WOCE repeat section SR3). J. Geophys. Res., 106 (C2), 2815-2832.
57. Rintoul, S. R., S. Sokolov, , and J. Church, 2002: A 6 year record of baroclinic transport variability of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current at 1408E derived from expendable bathythermograph and altimeter measurements. J. Geophys. Res., 107, 3155, doi:10.1029/ 2001JC000787.
58. Roach, A. T., K. Aagaard, C. H. Pease, S. A. Salo, T. Weingartner, V. Pavlov, and M. Kulakov, 1995: Direct measurements of transport and water properties through the Bering Strait. J. Geophys. Res., 100 (C9), 18 453-18 457.
59. Roether, W., R. Schlitzer, A. Putzka, P. Beining, K. Bulsiewicz, G. Rohardt, and F. Delahoyde, 1993: A chlorofluoromethane and hydrographic section across Drake Passage: Deep water ventilation and meridional property transport. J. Geophys. Res., 98, 14 423-14 435.
60. Saenko, O. A., A. S. Gupta, and P. Spence, 2011: On challenges in predicting bottom water transport in the Southern Ocean. J. Climate, 25, 1349-1356.
61. Sallee, J. B., K. Speer, and R. Morrow, 2008: Response of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current to atmospheric variability. J. Climate, 21, 3020-3039.
62. Sasaki, H., M. Nonaka, Y. Masumoto, Y. Sasai, H. Uehara, and H. Sakuma, 2008: An eddy-resolving hindcast simulation of the quasi-global ocean from 1950 to 2003 on the Earth Simulator. High Resolution Numerical Modeling of the Atmosphere and Ocean, W. Ohfuchi and K. Hamilton, Eds., Springer, 157-185.
63. Shakespeare, C., and A. M. Hogg, 2012: An analytical model of the response of the meridional overturning circulation to changes in wind and buoyancy forcing. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 42, 1270-1287.
64. Siedler, G. T., J. Müller, R. Onken, M. Arhan, H. Mercier, B. A. King, and P. M. Saunders, 1996: The zonal WOCE sections in the South Atlantic. The South Atlantic, Present and Past Circulation, G. Wefer et al., Eds., Springer, 83-104.
65. Sloyan, B. M., and S. R. Rintoul, 2001: The Southern Ocean limb of the global deep overturning circulation. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 31, 143-173.
66. Sokolov, S., and S. R. Rintoul, 2009a: Circumpolar structure and distribution of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current fronts: 1. Mean circumpolar paths. J. Geophys. Res., 114, C11018, doi:10.1029/2008JC005108.
67. Sokolov, S., and S. R. Rintoul, ,2009b: Circumpolar structure and distribution of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current fronts: 2. Variability and relationship to sea surface height. J. Geophys. Res., 114, C11019, doi:10.1029/2008JC005248.
68. Speer, K. G., and W. Zenk, 1993: The flow of Antarctic Bottom Water into the Brazil Basin. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 23, 2667-2682.
69. Speer, K. G., S. R. Rintoul, and B. Sloyan, 2000: The diabatic Deacon Cell. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 30, 3212-3222.
70. Stewart, A. L., and A. F. Thompson, 2012: Sensitivity of the ocean's deep overturning circulation to easterly Antarctic winds. Geophys. Res. Lett., 39, L18604, doi:10.1029/2012GL053099.
71. Straub, D. N., 1993: On the transport and angular momentum balance of channel models of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 23, 776-782.
72. Swart, S., S. Speich, I. J. Ansorge, G. J. Goni, S. Gladyshev, and J. R. E. Lutjeharms, 2008: Transport and variability of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current south of Africa. J. Geophys. Res., 113, C09014, doi:10.1029/2007JC004223.
73. Toole, J. M., and B. A. Warren, 1993: A hydrographic section across the subtropical South Indian Ocean. J. Deep Sea Res. I, 40, 1973-2019.
74. Treguier, A. M., J. Le Sommer, B. Molines, and J. M. de Cuevas, 2010: Response of the Southern Ocean to the southern annular mode: Interannual variability and multidecadal trend. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 40, 1659-1668.
75. Trenberth, K. E., 1984: Some effects of finite sample size and persistence on meteorological statistics. Part I: Autocorrelations. Mon. Wea. Rev., 112, 2359-2368.
76. Tsimplis, M. N., S. Bacon, and H. L. Bryden, 1998: The circulation of the subtropical South Pacific derived from hydrographic data. J. Geophys. Res., 103, 21 443-21 468.
77. Wang, W., A. Köhl, and D. Stammer, 2010: Estimates of global ocean volume transports during 1960 through 2001. Geophys. Res. Lett., 37, L15601, doi:10.1029/2010GL043949.
78. Wang, Z., T. Kuhlbrodt, and M. P. Meredith, 2011: On the response of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current transport to climate change in coupled climate models. J. Geophys. Res., 116, C08011, doi:10.1029/2010JC006757.
79. Whitworth, T., and R. G. Peterson, 1985: Volume transport of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current from bottom pressure measurements. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 15, 810-816.
80. Whitworth, T., B. A. Warren, W. D. Nowlin, S. B. Rutz, R. D. Pillsbury, and M. I. Moore, 1999: On the deep western-boundary current in the Southwest Pacific Basin. Prog. Oceanogr., 43, 1-54.
81. Wijffels, S., and G. Meyers, 2004: An intersection of oceanic waveguides: Variability in the Indonesian Throughflow region. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 34, 1232-1253.
82. Wunsch, C., 2008: Mass and volume transport variability in an eddy-filled ocean. Nat. Geosci., 1, 165-168.
83. Yang, X., D. Wang, J. Wang, and R. X. Huang, 2007: Connection between the decadal variability in the Southern Ocean circulation and the southern annular mode. Geophys. Res. Lett., 34, L16604, doi:10.1029/2007GL030526.
84. Zlotnicki, V., J. Wahr, I. Fukumori, and Y. T. Song, 2007: Antarctic Circumpolar Current transport variability during 2003-05 from GRACE. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 37, 230-244.