The temperature size rule in arthropods: Independent of macro-environmental variables but size dependent

Integrative and Comparative Biology

Volumn 53, Issue 4, 2013, Pages 557-570

  Klok, C Jaco ^a   Harrison, Jon F ^a  

^a ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

OXYGEN;

ALTITUDE; ANIMAL; ARTHROPOD; ARTICLE; BIOLOGICAL MODEL; BODY SIZE; FLYING; GEOGRAPHY; PHYLOGENY; PHYSIOLOGY; SPECIES DIFFERENCE; STATISTICAL MODEL; TEMPERATURE;

ALTITUDE; ANIMALS; ARTHROPODS; BODY SIZE; FLIGHT, ANIMAL; GEOGRAPHY; LINEAR MODELS; MODELS, BIOLOGICAL; OXYGEN; PHYLOGENY; SPECIES SPECIFICITY; TEMPERATURE;

EID: 84885063381     PISSN: 15407063     EISSN: 15577023     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/icb/ict075     Document Type: Article

References (68)

1. Addo-Bediako A, Chown SL, Gaston KJ. 2000. Thermal tolerance, climatic variability and latitude. Proc Roy Soc Lond B 267:739-45.
2. Angilletta MJ, Dunham AE. 2003. The temperature-Size rule in ectotherms: Simple evolutionary explanations may not be general. American Naturalist 162:332-42.
3. Angilletta MJ. 2009. Thermal adaptation: A theoretical and empirical synthesis. New York: Oxford University Press.
4. Atkinson D. 1994. Temperature and organism size: A biological law for ectotherms? Adv Ecol Res 25:1-59.
5. Atkinson D. 1996. On the solutions to a major life-History puzzle. Oikos 77:359-65.
6. Atkinson D, Morley SA, Hughes RN. 2006. From cells to colonies: At what levels of body organization does the ?temperature-Size rule? apply? Evol Dev 8:202-14.
7. Blanckenhorn WU, Demont M. 2004. Bergmann and converse Bergmann latitudinal clines in arthropods: Two ends of a continuum? Integr Comp Biol 44:413-24.
8. Blanckenhorn WU, Llaurens V. 2005. Effects of temperature on cell size and number in the yellow dung fly Scathophaga stercoraria. J Thermal Biol 30:213-9.
9. Bonner JT. 2006. Why Size matters: From bacteria to blue whales. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
10. Callier V, Nijhout HF. 2011. Control of body size by oxygen supply reveals size-Dependent and size-Independent mechanisms of molting and metamorphosis. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 108:14664-9.
11. Chown SL, Gaston KJ. 1997. The species-Body size distribution: Energy, fitness and optimality. Funct Ecol 11:365-75.
12. Chown SL, Gaston KJ. 1999. Exploring links between physiology and ecology at macro scales: The role of respiratory metabolism in insects. Biol Rev 74:87-120.
13. Chown SL, Gaston KJ. 2010. Body size variation in insects: A macroecological perspective. Biol Rev 85:139-69.
14. Chown SL, Marais E, Terblanche JS, Klok CJ, Lighton JRB, Blackburn TM. 2007. Scaling of insect metabolic rate is inconsistent with the nutrient supply network model. Funct Ecol 21:282-90.
15. Cossins AR, Bowler K. 1987. Temperature biology of animals. London: Chapman and Hall
16. Davidowitz G, D?Amico LJ, Nijhout HF. 2004. The effects of environmental variation on a mechanism that controls insect body size. Evol Ecol Res 6:49-62.
17. Diamond SE, Kingsolver JG. 2010. Environmental dependence of thermal reaction norms: Host plant quality can reverse the temperature-Size rule. Am Nat 175:1-10.
18. Forster J, Hirst AG, Atkinson D. 2012. Warming-Induced reductions in body size are greater in aquatic than terrestrial species. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 109:19310-4.
19. Frazier MR, Harrison JF, Kirkton SD, Roberts SP. 2008. Cold rearing improves cold-Flight performance in Drosophila via changes in wing morphology. J Exp Biol 211:2116-22.
20. Frazier MR, Woods HA, Harrison JF. 2001. Interactive effects of rearing temperature and oxygen on the development of Drosophila melanogaster. Phys Biochem Zool 74:641-50.
21. Gaston KJ, Chown SL. 1999. Why Rapoport's rule does not generalise. Oikos 84:309-12.
22. Gibbs AG, Perkins MC, Markow TA. 2003. No place to hide: Microclimates of sonoran desert Drosophila. J Thermal Biol 28:353-62.
23. Gillooly JF, Brown JH, West GB, Savage VM, Charnov EL. 2001. Effects of size and temperature on metabolic rate. Science 293:2248-51.
24. Giordano RV, Jackson DC. 1973. Effect of temperature on ventilation in green iguana (Iguana-Iguana). Comp Biochem Physiol 45:235-38.
25. Greenberg S, Ar A. 1996. Effects of chronic hypoxia, normoxia and hyperoxia on larval development in the beetle Tenebrio molitor. J Insect Physiol 42:991-96.
26. Greenlee KJ, Harrison JF. 2004. Development of respiratory function in the American locust Schistocerca americana II. Within-Instar effects. J Exp Biol 207:509-17.
27. Greenlee KJ, Harrison JF, Henry JR, Westneat M, Kirkton SD, Lee WK. 2004. An analysis of grasshopper tracheal morphology across instars using synchrotron x-Ray imaging. Integr Comp Biol 44:702-2.
28. Greenlee KJ, Henry JR, Kirkton SD, Westneat MW, Fezzaa K, Lee WK, Harrison JF. 2009. Synchrotron imaging of the grasshopper tracheal system: Morphological and physiological components of tracheal hypermetry. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 297:R1343-50.
29. Harrison J, Frazier MR, Henry JR, Kaiser A, Klok CJ, Rascon B. 2006. Responses of terrestrial insects to hypoxia or hyperoxia. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 154:4-17.
30. Harrison JF, Haddad GG. 2011. Effects of oxygen on growth and size: Synthesis of molecular, organismal, and evolutionary studies with Drosophila melanogaster. In: Julius D, Clapham DE, editors. Annual review of physiology. Vol. 73. p. 95-113.
31. Harrison JF, Kaiser A, Vandenbrooks J. 2008. Mysteries of oxygen and insect size. In: Morris S. Vosloo A. (editors). 4th CPB Meeting in Africa: Mara 2008. "Molecules to migration: The pressures of life". Bologna, Italy: Medimond Publishing Co. p. 293-302.
32. Holter P. 1991. Concentration of oxygen, carbon dioxide and methane in the air within dung pats. Pedobiologia 35:381-86.
33. Holter P, Spangenberg A. 1997. Oxygen uptake in coprophilous beetles (Aphodius, Geotrupes, Sphaeridium) at low oxygen and high carbon dioxide concentrations. Physiol Entomol 22:339-43.
34. Jackson DC. 1971. Effect of temperature on ventilation in turtle, Pseudemys scripta elegans. Respir Physiol 12:131-40.
35. Kaiser A, Klok CJ, Socha JJ, Lee WK, Quinlan MC, Harrison JF. 2007. Increase in tracheal investment with beetle size supports hypothesis of oxygen limitation on insect gigantism. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 104: 13198-203.
36. Karl I, Fischer K. 2008. Why get big in the cold? Towards a solution to a life-History puzzle. Oecologia 155:215-25.
37. Kingsolver JG, Huey RB. 2007. Temperature, size, performance and fitness. J Morphol 268:1093-93.
38. Kingsolver JG, Huey RB. 2008. Size, temperature, and fitness: Three rules. Evol Ecol Res 10:251-68.
39. Kingsolver JG, Massie KR, Ragland GJ, Smith MH. 2007. Rapid population divergence in thermal reaction norms for an invading species: Breaking the temperature-Size rule. J Evol Biol 20:892-900.
40. Klok CJ, Chown SL. 1998. Interactions between desiccation resistance, host-Plant contact and the thermal biology of a leaf-Dwelling sub-Antarctic caterpillar, Embryonopsis halticella (Lepidoptera: Yponomeutidae). J Insect Physiol 44:615-28.
41. Klok CJ, Hubb AJ, Harrison JF. 2009. Single and multigenerational responses of body mass to atmospheric oxygen concentrations in Drosophila melanogaster: Evidence for roles of plasticity and evolution. J Evol Biol 22:2496-504.
42. Lease HM, Klok CJ, Kaiser A, Harrison JF. 2012. Body size is not critical for critical P-O2 in scarabaeid and tenebrionid beetles. J Exp Biol 215:2524-33.
43. Lighton JRB, Wehner R. 1993. Ventilation and respiratory metabolism in the thermophilic desert ant, Cataglyphis bicolor (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). J Comp Physiol B 163:11-7.
44. Loudon C. 1988. Development of Tenebrio molitor in low oxygen levels. J Insect Physiol 34:97-103.
45. Miller GA, Clissold FJ, Mayntz D, Simpson SJ. 2009. Speed over efficiency: Locusts select body temperatures that favour growth rate over efficient nutrient utilization. Proc Roy Soc B Biol Sci 276:3581-89.
46. Mousseau TA. 1997. Ectotherms follow the converse to Bergmann's rule. Evolution 51:630-32.
47. Peck LS, Maddrell SHP. 2005. Limitation of size by hypoxia in the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster. Journal of Experimental Zoology Part a-Comparative Experimental Biology 303(A):968-75.
48. Perrin N. 1995. About Berrigan and Charnov life-History puzzle. Oikos 73:137-9.
49. Rascon B, Harrison JF. 2010. Lifespan and oxidative stress show a non-Linear response to atmospheric oxygen in Drosophila. J Exp Biol 213:3441-8.
50. Reeves RB. 1977. The interaction of body temperature and acid-Base balance in ectothermic vertebrates. Annu Rev Physiol 39:559-86.
51. Reid RC, Praunsnitz JM, Sherwood TK. 1977. The properties of gases and liquids. 3rd ed. New York: McGraw-Hill.
52. Rome LC, Swank D. 1992. The influence of temperature on power output of scup red muscle during cyclical length changes. J Exp Biol 171:261-81.
53. Scheiner SM, Lyman RF. 1991. The genetics of phenotypic plasticity. 2. Response to selection. J Evol Biol 4:23-50.
54. Schmidt-Nielsen K. 1984. Scaling. Why is animal size so important? Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
55. Schmitz A, Perry SF. 1999. Stereological determination of tracheal volume and diffusing capacity of the tracheal walls in the stick insect Carausius morosus (Phasmatodea, Lonchodidae). Physiol Biochem Zool 72:205-18.
56. Shingleton AW, Estep CM, Driscoll MV, Dworkin I. 2009. Many ways to be small: Different environmental regulators of size generate distinct scaling relationships in Drosophila melanogaster. Proc Roy Soc B Biol Sci 276:2625-33.
57. Sinclair BJ, Chown SL. 2005. Climatic variability and hemispheric differences in insect cold tolerance: Support from southern Africa. Funct Ecol 19:214-21.
58. Stern D. 2003. Body-Size control: How an insect knows it has grown enough. Curr Biol 13:R267-9.
59. Stillwell RC, Morse GE, Fox CW. 2007. Geographic variation in body size and sexual size dimorphism of a seed-Feeding beetle. Am Nat 170:358-69.
60. Unwin DM, Corbet SA. 1991. Insects, plants and microclimate. Slough: Richmond Publishing
61. Van Der Have TM, De Jong G. 1996. Adult size in ectotherms: Temperature effects on growth and differentiation. J Theor Biol 183:329-40.
62. VandenBrooks JM, Munoz EE, Weed MD, Ford CF, Harrison MA, Harrison JF. 2012. Impacts of paleo-Oxygen levels on the size, development, reproduction, and tracheal systems of Blatella germanica. Evol Biol 39:83-93.
63. Von Bertalanffy L. 1960. Problems of life. An evaluation of modern biological and scientific thought. New York: Harper.
64. Walters RJ, Hassall M. 2006. The temperature-Size rule in ectotherms: May a general explanation exist after all? Am Nat 167:510-23.
65. Willett TL, Labow RS, Lee JM. 2008. Mechanical overload decreases the thermal stability of collagen in an in vitro tensile overload tendon model. J Orthop Res 26:1605-10.
66. Willmer PG. 1982. Microclimate and the environmental physiology of insects. Adv Insect Physiol 16:1-57.
67. Wu Q, Brown MR. 2006. Signaling and function of insulinlike peptides in insects. Annual Review of Entomology 51:1-24.
68. Yang Y, Chen X, Shao ZZ, Zhou P, Porter D, Knight DP, Vollrath F. 2005. Toughness of spider silk at high and low temperatures. Adv Mater 17:84-8.