The Temperature-Size Rule in Ectotherms: Simple Evolutionary Explanations May Not Be General

American Naturalist

Volumn 162, Issue 3, 2003, Pages 332-342

  Angilletta Jr , Michael J ^a   Dunham, Arthur E ^b  

^a INDIANA STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA   (United States)

Author keywords

Body size; Ectotherms; Growth efficiency; Growth rate; Life history; Temperature

Indexed keywords

BODY SIZE; ECTOTHERMY; EVOLUTION; LIFE HISTORY; TEMPERATURE;

ANIMAL; ARTICLE; BIOLOGICAL MODEL; BODY CONSTITUTION; COMPARATIVE STUDY; ENVIRONMENT; EVOLUTION; GROWTH; PHYSIOLOGY; TEMPERATURE;

ANIMALS; BODY CONSTITUTION; ENVIRONMENT; EVOLUTION; GROWTH; MODELS, BIOLOGICAL; TEMPERATURE;

ANIMALIA;

EID: 0141590662     PISSN: 00030147     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1086/377187     Document Type: Article

References (54)

1. Ashton, K. G. 2001. Are ecological and evolutionary rules being dismissed prematurely? Diversity and Distributions 7:289-295.
2. _. 2002a. Do amphibians follow Bergmann's rule? Canadian Journal of Zoology 80:708-716.
3. _. 2002b. Patterns of within-species body size variation of birds: strong evidence for Bergmann's rule. Global Ecology and Biogeography 11:505-524.
4. Ashton, K. G., and C. R. Feldman. 2003. Bergmann's rule in nonavian reptiles: turtles follow it, lizards and snakes reverse it. Evolution 57:1151-1163.
5. Ashton, K. G., M. C. Tracy, and A. de Queiroz. 2000. Is Bergmann's rule valid for mammals? American Naturalist 156:390-415.
6. Atkinson, D. 1994. Temperature and organism size: a biological law for ectotherms? Advances in Ecological Research 25:1-58.
7. _. 1995. Effects of temperature on the size of aquatic ectotherms: exceptions to the general rule. Journal of Thermal Biology 20:61-74.
8. _. 1996. Ectotherm life history responses to developmental temperature. Pages 183-204 in I. A. Johnston and A. F. Bennett, eds. Animals and temperature: phenotypic and evolutionary adaptation. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
9. Atkinson, D., and R. M. Sibly. 1997. Why are organisms usually bigger in colder environments? making sense of a life history puzzle. Trends in Ecology & Evolution 12: 235-239.
10. Beiras, R., A. Pérez Camacho, and M. Albentosa. 1995. Short-term and long-term alterations in the energy budget of young oyster Ostrea edulis L. in response to temperature change. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 186:221-236.
11. Bergmann, C. 1847. Über die Verhältnisse der Wärmeökonomie der Thiere zu ihrer Grösse. Gottinger Studien 3:595-708.
12. Berrigan, D., and E. L. Charnov. 1994. Reaction norms for age and size at maturity in response to temperature: a puzzle for life historians. Oikos 70:474-478.
13. Bjornsson, B., and S. V. Tryggvadóttir. 1996. Effects of size on optimal temperature for growth and growth efficiency of immature Atlantic halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus L.). Aquaculture 142:33-42.
14. Björnsson, B., A. Steinarsson, and M. Oddgeirsson. 2001. Optimal temperature for growth and feed conversion of immature cod (Gadus morhua L.). International Council for the Exploration of the Sea Journal of Marine Science 58:29-38.
15. Boehlert, G. W., and M. M. Yoklavich. 1983. Effects of temperature, ration, and fish size on growth of juvenile black rockfish, Sebastes melanops. Environmental Biology of Fishes 8:17-28.
16. Bonner, J. T. 1988. The evolution of complexity. Princeton University Press, Princeton, N.J.
17. Brett, J. R. 1979. Environmental factors and growth. Pages 599-675 in W. S. Hoar, D. J. Randall, and J. R. Brett, eds. Fish physiology. Academic Press, New York.
18. Buxton, C. D., R. C. Newell, and J. G. Field. 1981. Response-surface analysis of the combined effects of exposure and acclimation temperatures on filtration, oxygen consumption and scope for growth in the oyster Ostrea edulis. Marine Ecology Progress Series 6:73-82.
19. Clarke, A., and N. M. Johnston. 1999. Scaling of metabolic rate with body mass and temperature in teleost fish. Journal of Animal Ecology 68:893-905.
20. Czarnoleski, M., and J. Kozlowski. 1998. Do von Bertalanffy's growth curves result from optimal resource allocation? Ecology Letters 1:5-7.
21. Day, T., and P. D. Taylor. 1997. von Bertalanffy's growth equation should not be used to model age and size at maturity. American Naturalist 149:381-393.
22. Degani, G., D. Levanon, and M. L. Gallagher. 1988. Relationship between growth, food conversion, body size, body composition and temperature in the European eel, Anguilla anguilla L. Aquaculture and Fisheries Management 19:139-143.
23. Dunham, A. E., and S. J. Beaupre. 1998. Ecological experiments: scale, phenomenology, mechanism, and the illusion of generality. Pages 27-49 in W. Resitaris and J. Bernardo, eds. Issues and perspectives in experimental ecology. Oxford University Press, New York.
24. Evans, D. O. 1990. Metabolic thermal compensation by rainbow trout - effects on standard metabolic rate and potential usable power. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 119:585-600.
25. Fonds, M., R. Cronie, A. D. Vethaak, and P. van der Puyl. 1992. Metabolism, food consumption and growth of plaice (Pleuronectes platessa) and flounder (Platichthys flesus) in relation to fish size and temperature. Netherlands Journal of Sea Research 29:127-143.
26. Foster, A. R., D. F. Houlihan, S. J. Hall, and L. J. Burren. 1992. The effects of temperature acclimation on protein synthesis rates and nucleic acid content of juvenile cod (Gadus morhua L.). Canadian Journal of Zoology 70: 2095-2102.
27. Frazier, M. R., H. A. Woods, and J. F. Harrison. 2001. Interactive effects of rearing temperature and oxygen on the development of Drosophila melanogaster. Physiological and Biochemical Zoology 74:641-650.
28. Gotthard, K. 2001. Growth strategies of ectothermic animals in temperate environments. Pages 287-303 in D. Atkinson and M. Thorndyke, eds. Environment and animal development: genes, life histories and plasticity. BIOS Scientific, Oxford.
29. Houde, E. D. 1989. Comparative growth, mortality, and energetics of marine fish larvae: temperature and implied latitudinal effects. Fishery Bulletin 87:471-495.
30. Huey, R. B., and R. D. Stevenson. 1979. Integrating thermal physiology and ecology of ectotherms: a discussion of approaches. American Zoologist 19:357-366.
31. Huey, R. B., G. W. Gilchrist, M. L. Carlson, D. Berrigan, and L. Serra. 2000. Rapid evolution of a geographic cline in size in an introduced fly. Science 287:308-309.
32. Ikeda, T., Y. Kanno, K. Ozaki, and A. Shinada. 2001. Metabolic rates of epipelagic marine copepods as a function of body mass temperature. Marine Biology 139:587-596.
33. James, F. C. 1970. Geographic size variation in birds and its relationship to climate. Ecology 51:365-390.
34. Koch, F., W. Wieser, and H. Niederstatter. 1992. Interactive effects of season and temperature on enzyme-activities, tissue and whole animal respiration in roach, Rutilis rutilus. Environmental Biology of Fishes 33:73-85.
35. Kozlowski, J. 1992. Optimal allocation of resources to growth and reproduction: implications for age and size at maturity. Trends in Ecology & Evolution 7:15-19.
36. _. 1996. Optimal allocation of resources explains interspecific life-history patterns in animals with indeterminate growth. Proceeding of the Royal Society of London B, Biological Sciences 263:559-566.
37. Kozlowski, J., and A. T. Teriokhin. 1999. Allocation of energy between growth and reproduction: the Pontryagin Maximum Principle solution for the case of age- and season-dependent mortality. Evolutionary Ecology Research 1:423-441.
38. Malloy, K. D., and T. E. Targett. 1991. Feeding, growth and survival of juvenile summer flounder Paralichthys dentatus: experimental analysis of the effects of temperature and salinity. Marine Ecology Progress Series 72:213-223.
39. Panov, V. E., and D. J. McQueen. 1998. Effects of temperature on individual growth rate and body size of a freshwater amphipod. Canadian Journal of Zoology 76: 1107-1116.
40. Partridge, L., and J. A. Coyne. 1997. Bergmann's rule in ectotherms: is it adaptive? Evolution 51:632-635.
41. Partridge, L., and V. French. 1996. Thermal evolution of ectotherm body size: why get big in the cold? Pages 265-292 in I. A. Johnston and A. F. Bennett, eds. Animals and temperature: phenotypic and evolutionary adaptation. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
42. Perrin, N. 1995. About Berrigan and Charnov's life history puzzle. Oikos 73:137-139.
43. Peters, R. H. 1983. The ecological implications of body size. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
44. Requena, A., J. Fernandez-Borras, and J. Planas. 1997. The effects of a temperature rise on oxygen consumption and energy budget in gilthead sea bream. Aquaculture International 5:415-426.
45. Sevenster, J. G. 1995. Equations or organisms? a comment on Berrigan and Charnov. Oikos 73:405-407.
46. Sharma, P. C., and M. C. Pant. 1984. An energy budget for Simocephalus vetulus (O. F. Muller) (Crustacea: Cladocera). Hydrobiologia 111:37-42.
47. Straile, D. 1997. Gross growth efficiencies of protozoan and metazoan Zooplankton and their dependence on food concentration, predator-prey weight ratio, and taxonomic group. Limnology and Oceanography 42: 1375-1385.
48. Strong, K. W., and G. R. Daborn. 1980. The influence of temperature on energy budget variables, body size, and seasonal occurrence of the isopod Idotea baltica (Pallas). Canadian Journal of Zoology 58:1992-1996.
49. Vezina, D., and H. Guderley. 1991. Anatomic and enzymatic responses of the 3-spined stickleback, Gasterosteus aculeatus to thermal acclimation and acclimatization. Journal of Experimental Zoology 258:277-287.
50. von Bertalanffy, L. 1960. Principles and theory of growth. Pages 137-259 in W. W. Nowinski, ed. Fundamental aspects of normal and malignant growth. Elsevier, New York.
51. Warren, C. E., and G. E. Davis. 1967. Laboratory studies on the feeding, bioenergetics, and growth of fish. Pages 175-214 in S. D. Gerking, ed. The biological basis of freshwater fish production. Blackwell Scientific, Oxford.
52. Wieser, W. 1994. Cost of growth in cells and organisms: general rules and comparative aspects. Biological Reviews 68:1-33.
53. Winberg, G. C. 1956. Rate of metabolism and food requirements in fishes. BeloRussian State University, Minsk. (Translation Series of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada no. 194.)
54. Woods, H. A. 1999. Egg-mass size and cell size: effects of temperature on oxygen distribution. American Zoologist 39:244-252.