Understanding the independent and joint associations of the home and workplace built environments on cardiorespiratory fitness and body mass index

American Journal of Epidemiology

Volumn 178, Issue 7, 2013, Pages 1094-1105

  Hoehner, Christine M ^a   Allen, Peg ^b   Barlow, Carolyn E ^c   Marx, Christine M ^a   Brownson, Ross C ^a,b   Schootman, Mario ^a  

^a WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^b WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY IN ST LOUIS   (United States)

^c Cooper Institute ^*  (United States)

Author keywords

environment design; exercise; geographic information systems; obesity; physical fitness; workplace

Indexed keywords

AGE CLASS; BODY MASS; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE; CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM; CENSUS; DEMOGRAPHY; EPIDEMIOLOGY; GIS; HEALTH IMPACT; HEALTH SURVEY; OBESITY; SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS; WORKPLACE;

ADULT; AGED; ARTICLE; BODY HEIGHT; BODY MASS; BODY WEIGHT; CARDIOPULMONARY FUNCTION; CITY; CONTROLLED STUDY; DEMOGRAPHY; EXERCISE; FEMALE; FITNESS; GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM; HOME ENVIRONMENT; HUMAN; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MEDICAL EXAMINATION; NEIGHBORHOOD; OBSERVATIONAL STUDY; SMOKING; SOCIAL STATUS; TREADMILL; UNITED STATES; VEGETATION; WORKPLACE;

ENVIRONMENT DESIGN; EXERCISE; GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS; OBESITY; PHYSICAL FITNESS; WORKPLACE;

ADULT; AGED; AGED, 80 AND OVER; BODY MASS INDEX; CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDIES; ENVIRONMENT; EXERCISE TEST; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; PHYSICAL FITNESS; RESIDENCE CHARACTERISTICS; SMALL-AREA ANALYSIS; SOCIOECONOMIC FACTORS; TEXAS; WORKPLACE;

TEXAS; UNITED STATES;

EID: 84884946229     PISSN: 00029262     EISSN: 14766256     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwt111     Document Type: Article

References (62)

1. Kumanyika SK, Obarzanek E, Stettler N, et al. Populationbased prevention of obesity: the need for comprehensive promotion of healthful eating, physical activity, and energy balance: a scientific statement from American Heart Association Council on Epidemiology and Prevention, Interdisciplinary Committee for Prevention (formerly the Expert Panel on Population and Prevention Science). Circulation. 2008;118(4):428-464.
2. Sallis JF, Cervero RB, AscherW, et al. An ecological approach to creating active living communities. Annu Rev Public Health. 2006;27:297-322.
3. Sallis JF, Glanz K. Physical activity and food environments: solutions to the obesity epidemic. Milbank Q. 2009;87(1): 123-154.
4. Story M, Kaphingst KM, Robinson-OBrien R, et al. Creating healthy food and eating environments: policy and environmental approaches. Annu Rev Public Health. 2008;29:253-272.
5. Swinburn B, Gill T, Kumanyika S. Obesity prevention: a proposed framework for translating evidence into action. Obes Rev. 2005;6(1):23-33.
6. Cohen DA. Obesity and the built environment: changes in environmental cues cause energy imbalances. Int J Obes (Lond). 2008;32(7 suppl):137S-142S.
7. Kaczynski AT, Henderson KA. Parks and recreation settings and active living: a review of associations with physical activity function and intensity. J Phys Act Health. 2008;5(4): 619-632.
8. Lake A, Townshend T. Obesogenic environments: exploring the built and food environments. J R Soc Promot Health. 2006;126(6):262-267.
9. Papas MA, Alberg AJ, Ewing R, et al. The built environment and obesity. Epidemiol Rev. 2007;29:129-143.
10. Saelens BE, Handy SL. Built environment correlates of walking: a review. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2008;40(7 suppl): 550S-566S.
11. Diez Roux AV, Mair C. Neighborhoods and health. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2010;1186:125-145.
12. Handy SL, Boarnet MG, Ewing R, et al. How the built environment affects physical activity: views from urban planning. Am J Prev Med. 2002;23(2 suppl): 64S-73S.
13. Butler EN, Ambs AM, Reedy J, et al. Identifying GIS measures of the physical activity built environment through a review of the literature. J Phys Act Health. 2011;8(1 suppl): 91S-97S.
14. Ding D, Gebel K. Built environment, physical activity, and obesity: What have we learned from reviewing the literature? Health Place. 2012;18(1):100-105.
15. Feng J, Glass TA, Curriero FC, et al. The built environment and obesity: a systematic review of the epidemiologic evidence. Health Place. 2010;16(2):175-190.
16. Heath GW, Brownson RC, Kruger J, et al. The effectiveness of urban design and land use and transport policies and practices to increase physical activity: a systematic review. J Phys Act Health. 2006;3(1 suppl):55S-76S.
17. Kaczynski AT, Potwarka LR, Saelens BE. Association of park size, distance, and features with physical activity in neighborhood parks. Am J Public Health. 2008;98(8): 1451-1456.
18. Leslie E, Cerin E, Kremer P. Perceived neighborhood environment and park use as mediators of the effect of area socio-economic status on walking behaviors. J Phys Act Health. 2010;7(6):802-810.
19. Lovasi GS, Neckerman KM, Quinn JW, et al. Effect of individual or neighborhood disadvantage on the association between neighborhood walkability and body mass index. Am J Public Health. 2009;99(2):279-284.
20. Maroko AR, Maantay JA, Sohler NL, et al. The complexities of measuring access to parks and physical activity sites in New York City: a quantitative and qualitative approach. Int J Health Geogr. 2009;8:e34.
21. Diez Roux AV, Evenson KR, McGinn AP, et al. Availability of recreational resources and physical activity in adults. Am J Public Health. 2007;97(3):493-499.
22. Weiss CC, Purciel M, Bader M, et al. Reconsidering access: park facilities and neighborhood disamenities in New York City. J Urban Health. 2011;88(2):297-310.
23. Wendel-VosW, Droomers M, Kremers S, et al. Potential environmental determinants of physical activity in adults: a systematic review. Obes Rev. 2007;8(5):425-440.
24. Chaix B, Merlo J, Evans D, et al. Neighbourhoods in eco-epidemiologic research: delimiting personal exposure areas. A response to Riva, Gauvin, Apparicio and Brodeur. Soc Sci Med. 2009;69(9):1306-1310.
25. Committee on Physical Activity, Health, Transportation, and Land Use. Does the Built Environment Influence Physical Activity? Examining the Evidence.Washington, DC: Transportation Research Board and Institute of Medicine; 2005.
26. Cummins S, Curtis S, Diez-Roux AV, et al. Understanding and representing place in health research: a relational approach. Soc Sci Med. 2007;65(9):1825-1838.
27. Matthews SA. The salience of neighborhood: some lessons from sociology. Am J Prev Med. 2008;34(3): 257-259.
28. Diez Roux AV. Next steps in understanding the multilevel determinants of health. J Epidemiol Community Health. 2008;62(11):957-959.
29. Ball K, Timperio AF, Crawford DA. Understanding environmental influences on nutrition and physical activity behaviors: Where should we look and what should we count? Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2006;3:e33.
30. Leal C, Chaix B. The influence of geographic life environments on cardiometabolic risk factors: a systematic review, a methodological assessment and a research agenda. Obes Rev. 2011;12(3):217-230.
31. Kwan MP. The uncertain geographic context problem. Ann Assoc Am Geogr. 2012;102(5):958-968.
32. Physical Activity Guidelines Advisory Committee Physical Activity Guidelines Advisory Committee Report, 2008 Washington, DC: US Department of Health and Human Services 2008
33. Paffenbarger RS Jr, Hyde RT,Wing AL, et al. The association of changes in physical-activity level and other lifestyle characteristics with mortality among men. N Engl J Med. 1993;328(8):538-545.
34. Balke B,Ware RW. An experimental study of physical fitness of Air Force personnel. U S Armed Forces Med J. 1959; 10(6):675-688.
35. Wei M, Kampert JB, Barlow CE, et al. Relationship between low cardiorespiratory fitness and mortality in normal-weight, overweight, and obese men. JAMA. 1999;282(16):1547-1553.
36. Blair SN, Kohl HW 3rd, Barlow CE, et al. Changes in physical fitness and all-cause mortality. A prospective study of healthy and unhealthy men. JAMA. 1995;273(14):1093-1098.
37. Pollock ML, Bohannan RL, Cooper KH, et al. A comparative analysis of four protocols for maximal treadmill stress testing. Am Heart J. 1976;92(1):39-46.
38. Pollock ML, Foster C, Schmidt D, et al. Comparative analysis of physiologic responses to three different maximal graded exercise test protocols in healthy women. Am Heart J. 1982;103(3):363-373.
39. Brownson RC, Hoehner CM, Day K, et al. Measuring the built environment for physical activity: state of the science. Am J Prev Med. 2009;36(4 suppl):99S-123S.
40. Handy SL. Regional versus local accessibility: neo-Traditional development and its implications for non-work travel. Built Environ. 1992;18(4):253-267.
41. Hoehner CM, Barlow CE, Allen P, et al. Commuting distance, cardiorespiratory fitness, and metabolic risk. Am J Prev Med. 2012;42(6):571-578.
42. Wang CY, Haskell WL, Farrell SW, et al. Cardiorespiratory fitness levels among US adults 20-49 years of age: findings from the 1999-2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Am J Epidemiol. 2010;171(4): 426-435.
43. Trost SG, Owen N, Bauman AE, et al. Correlates of adults participation in physical activity: review and update. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2002;34(12):1996-2001.
44. Asthana A, Piper ME, McBride PE, et al. Long-Term effects of smoking and smoking cessation on exercise stress testing: three-year outcomes from a randomized clinical trial. Am Heart J. 2012;163(1):81-87.
45. Flegal KM, Troiano RP, Pamuk ER, et al. The influence of smoking cessation on the prevalence of overweight in the United States. N Engl J Med. 1995;333(18):1165-1170.
46. Bernaards CM, Twisk JW, Van MechelenW, et al. A longitudinal study on smoking in relationship to fitness and heart rate response. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2003;35(5): 793-800.
47. Cawley J, ed. The Oxford Handbook of the Social Science of Obesity. New York, NY: Oxford University Press; 2011.
48. Ainsworth BE, Haskell WL, Whitt MC, et al. Compendium of physical activities: an update of activity codes and MET intensities. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2000;32(9 suppl): 498S-504S.
49. Troped PJ,Wilson JS, Matthews CE, et al. The built environment and location-based physical activity. Am J Prev Med. 2010;38(4):429-438.
50. Schwartz MA, Aytur SA, Evenson KR, et al. Are perceptions about worksite neighborhoods and policies associated with walking? Am J Health Promot. 2009;24(2):146-151.
51. Jeffery RW, Baxter J, McGuire M, et al. Are fast food restaurants an environmental risk factor for obesity? Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2006;3:e2.
52. McCormack G, Giles-Corti B, Lange A, et al. An update of recent evidence of the relationship between objective and self-report measures of the physical environment and physical activity behaviours. J Sci Med Sport. 2004;7(1 suppl):81S-92S.
53. Gebel K, Bauman AE, Petticrew M. The physical environment and physical activity: a critical appraisal of review articles. Am J Prev Med. 2007;32(5):361-369.
54. Ewing R, Schmid T, Killingsworth R, et al. Relationship between urban sprawl and physical activity, obesity, and morbidity. Am J Health Promot. 2003;18(1):47-57.
55. Lopez R. Urban sprawl and risk for being overweight or obese. Am J Public Health. 2004;94(9):1574-1579.
56. Lindsey G, Han Y,Wilson J, et al. Neighborhood correlates of urban trail use. J Phys Act Health. 2006;3(1 suppl):139-157S.
57. Tilt JH, Unfried TM, Roca B. Using objective and subjective measures of neighborhood greenness and accessible destinations for understanding walking trips and BMI in Seattle,Washington. Am J Health Promot. 2007;21(4 suppl):371S-379S.
58. Leal C, Bean K, Thomas F, et al. Multicollinearity in associations between multiple environmental features and body weight and abdominal fat: using matching techniques to assess whether the associations are separable. Am J Epidemiol. 2012;175(11):1152-1162.
59. Kestens Y, Lebel A, Daniel M, et al. Using experienced activity spaces to measure foodscape exposure. Health Place. 2010;16(6):1094-1103.
60. Zenk SN, Schulz AJ, Matthews SA, et al. Activity space environment and dietary and physical activity behaviors: a pilot study. Health Place. 2011;17(5):1150-1161.
61. Kwan MP. Time, information technologies, and the geography of everyday life. Urban Geogr. 2002;23(5): 471-482.
62. Frank LD, Schmid TL, Sallis JF, et al. Linking objectively measured physical activity with objectively measured urban form: findings from SMARTRAQ. Am J Prev Med. 2005; 28(2 suppl):117S-125S.