Using eye movements to probe development and dysfunction

Eye Movements

Volumn , Issue , 2007, Pages 99-124

  Munoz, Douglas P ^a   Armstrong, Irene ^a   Coe, Brian ^a  

^a QUEEN S UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84884837254     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1016/B978-008044980-7/50007-0     Document Type: Chapter

References (125)

1. Abel L.A., Troost B.T., Dell'Osso L.F. The effects of age on normal saccadic characteristics and their variability. Vision Research 1983, 23:33-37.
2. Andersen R.A., Snyder L.H., Bradley D.C., Xing J. Multimodal representation o space in the posterior parietal cortex and its use in planning movements. Annual Review of Neuroscience 1997, 20:303-330.
3. Avila M.T., Hong E., Thaker G.K. Current progress in schizophrenia research-Eye movement abnormalities in schizophrenia: What is the nature of the deficit?. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease 2002, 190:479-480.
4. Barkley R.A. ADHD and the nature of self-control 1997, Guildford, New York.
5. Bergman H., Deuschl G. Pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease: From clinical neurology to basic neuroscience and back. Movement disorders 2002, 17:S28-S40.
6. Berry E.L., Nicoloson R.I., Foster J.K., Behrmann M., Sagar H.J. Slowing of reaction time in Parkinson's disease: the involvement of the frontal lobes. Neuropsychologia 1999, 37:787-795.
7. Biscaldi M., Fischer B., Stuhr V. Human express-saccade makers are impaired at suppressing visually evoked saccades. Journal of Neurophysiology 1996, 76:199-214.
8. Blekher T.M., Yee R.D., Kirkwood S.C., Hake A.M., Stout J.C., Weaver M.R., et al. Oculomotor control in asymptomatic and recently diagnosed individuals with the genetic marker for Huntington's disease. Vision Research 2004, 44:2729-2736.
9. Bono F., Oliveri R.L., Zappia M., Aguglia U., Puccio G., Quattrone A. Computerized analysis of eye movements as a function of age. Archives in Gerontology and Geriatrics 1996, 22:261-269.
10. Briand K.A., Hening W., Poizner H., Sereno A.B. Automatic orienting of visuospatial attention in Parkinson's disease. Neuropsychologia 2001, 39:1240-1249.
11. Broerse A., Crawford T.J., den Boer J. Parsing cognition in schizophrenia using saccadic eye movements: A selective review. Neuropsychologia 2001, 39:742-756.
12. Brown R.G., Marsden C.D. Cognitive function in Parkinson's disease: From description to theory. Trends in Neurosciences 1990, 13:21-29.
13. Carpenter R.H.S. Movements of the eyes 1988, Pion, London.
14. Castellanos F.X. Neural substrates of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. Advances in Neurology 2001, 85:197-206.
15. Castellanos F.X., Lee P.P., Sharp W., Jeffries N.O., Greenstein D.K., Clasen L.S., et al. Developmental trajectories of brain volume abnormalities in children and adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivty disorder. Journal of the American Medical Association 2002, 288:1740-1748.
16. Castellanos F.X., Tannock R. Neuroscience of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: The search for endophenotypes. Nature Reviews Neuroscience 2002, 3:617-628.
17. Chan F., Armstrong I.T., Pari G., Riopelle R.J., Munoz D.P. Deficits in saccadic eye-movement control in Parkinson's disease. Neuropsychologia 2005, 43:784-796.
18. Clementz B.A. The ability to produce express saccades as a function of gap interval among schizophrenia patients. Experimental Brain Research 1996, 111:121-130.
19. Colby C.L., Goldberg M.E. Space and attention in parietal cortex. Annual Review of Neuroscience 1999, 22:319-349.
20. Crawford T.J., Henderson L., Kennard C. Abnormalities of nonvisually guided eye movements in Parkinson's disease. Brain 1989, 112:1573-1586.
21. Cunnington R., Iansek R., Bradshaw J.L., Phillips J.G. Movement-related potentials in Parkinson's disease: Presence and predictability of temporal and spatial cues. Brain 1995, 118:935-950.
22. Dias E.C., Segraves M.A. Muscimol-induced inactivation of monkey frontal eye field: Effect on visually and memory-guided saccades. Journal of Neurophysiology 1999, 81:2191-2214.
23. Dorris M.C., Munoz D.P. A neural correlate for the gap effect on saccadic reaction times in monkey. Journal of Neurophysiology 1995, 73:2558-2562.
24. Dorris M.C., Munoz D.P. Saccadic probability influences motor preparation signals and time to saccadic initiation. Journal of Neuruoscience 1998, 18:7015-7026.
25. Dorris M.C., Paré M., Munoz D.P. Neuronal activity in monkey superior colliculus related to the initiation of saccadic eye movements. Journal of Neuroscience 1997, 17:8566-8579.
26. Dow B.M., Snyder A.Z., Vautin R.G., Bauer R. Magnification factor and receptive-field size in foveal striate cortex of the monkey. Experimental Brain Research 1981, 44:213-228.
27. everling S., Dorris M.C., Munoz D.P. Reflex suppression in the anti-saccade task is dependent on prestimulus neural processes. Journal of Neurophysiology 1998, 80:1584-1589.
28. Everling S., Dorris M.C., Klein R.M., Munoz D.P. Role of primate superior colliculus in preparation and execution of anti-and pro-saccades. Journal of Neuroscience 1999, 19:2740-2754.
29. Everling S., Fischer B. The antisaccade: A review of basic research and clinical studies. Neuropsychologia 1998, 36:885-889.
30. Everling S., Munoz D.P. Neuronal correlates for preparatory set associated with pro-saccades and anti-saccades in the primate frontal eye field. Journal of Neuroscience 2000, 20:387-400.
31. Farber R.H., Swerdlow N.R., Clementz B.A. Saccadic performance characteristics and the behavioural neurology of Tourette's syndrome. Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery and Psychiatry 1999, 66:305-312.
32. Fawcett A.P., Dostrovsky J.O., Lozano A.M., Hutchison W.D. Eye movement-related responses of neurons in human subthalamic nucleus. Experimental Brain Research 2005, 162:357-365.
33. Fawcett A.P., Moro E., Lang A.E., Lozano A.M., Hutchison W.D. Pallidal deep brain stimulation influences both reflexive and voluntary saccades in Huntington's disease. Movement Disorder 2005, 20:371-377.
34. Feifel D., Farber R.H., Clementz B.A., Perry W., Anllo-Vento L. Inhibitory deficits in ocular motor behavior in adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Biological Psychiatry 2004, 56:333-339.
35. Fischer B., Biscaldi M., Gezeck S. On the development of voluntary and reflexive components in human saccade generation. Brain Research 1997, 754:285-297.
36. Fischer B., Boch R. Saccadic eye movements after extremely short reaction times in the monkey. Brain Research 1983, 260:21.
37. Fischer B., Ramsberger E. Human express saccades: extremely short reaction times of goal directed eye movements. Experimental Brain Research 1984, 57:191-195.
38. Fischer B., Weber H. Characteristics of "anti" saccades in man. Experimental Brain Research 1992, 89:415-424.
39. Fischer B., Weber H. Express saccades and visual attention. Behavioural and Brain Sciences 1993, 16:533.
40. Fischer B., Weber H., Biscaldi M., Aiple F., Otto P., Stuhr V. Separate populations of visually guided saccades in humans: reaction times and amplitudes. Experimental Brain Research 1993, 92:528-541.
41. Flanagan J.R., Jakobson L.S., Munhall K.G. Anticipatory grip adjustments are observed in both goal-directed movements and movement tics in an individual with Tourette's syndrome. Experimental Brain Research 1999, 128:69-75.
42. Gaymard B., Ploner C.J., Rivaud-Pechoix S., Pierrot-Deseilligny C. The frontal eye field is involved in spatial short-term memory but no in reflexive saccade inhibition. Experimental Brain Research 1999, 129:288-301.
43. Gaymard B., Ploner C.J., Rivaud S., Vermersch A.I., Pierrot-Deseilligny C. Cortical control of saccades. Experimental Brain Research 1998, 123:159-163.
44. Glimcher P.W. Making choices: the neurophysiology of visual-saccadic decision making. Trends in Neurosciences 2001, 24:654-659.
45. Goldberg M.C., Lasker A.G., Zee D.S., Garth E., Tien A., Landa R.J. Deficits in the initiation of eye movements in the absence of a visual target in adolescents with high functioning autism. Neuropsychologia 2002, 40:2039-2049.
46. Grice G.R., Nullmeyer R., Spiker V.A. Human reaction time: Toward a general theory. Journal of Experimental Psychology General 1982, 111:135.
47. Guitton D., Buchtel H.A., Douglas R.M. Frontal lobe lesions in man cause difficulties in suppressing reflexive glances and in generating goal-directed saccades. Experimental Brain Research 1985, 58:455-472.
48. Hallet M. Physiology of basal ganglia disorders: an overview. Canadian Journal of Neurological Science 1993, 20:177-183.
49. Hanes D.P., Schall J.D. Neural control of voluntary movement initiation. Science 1996, 274:427-430.
50. Hanes D.P., Wurtz R.H. Interaction of the frontal eye field and superior colliculus for saccade generation. Journal of Neurophysiology 2001, 85:804-815.
51. Heide W., Kompf D. Combined deficits of saccades and visuo-spatial orientation after cortical lesions. Experimental Brain Research 1998, 123:164-171.
52. Henik A., Dronkers N.F., Knight R.T., Osimani A. Differential-effects of semantic and identity priming in patients with left and right-hemisphere lesions. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 1993, 5:45-55.
53. Hikosaka O., Nakamura K., Nakahara H. Basal ganglia orient eyes to reward. Journal of Neurophysiology 2006, 95:567-584.
54. Hikosaka O., Takikawa Y., Kawagoe R. Role of the basal ganglia in the control of purposive saccadic eye movements. Physiological Review 2004, 80:953-978.
55. Huang-Pollock C.L., Nigg J.T. Searching for the attention deficit in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: The case of visuospatial orienting. Clinical Psychology Review 2003, 802:801-830.
56. Jahanshahi M., Jenkins I.H., Brown R.G., Marsden C.D., Passingham R.D., Brooks D.J. Self-initiated versus externally triggered movements. I. An investigation using measurement of regional cerebral blood flow with PET and movement-related potentials in normal and Parkinson's disease participants. Brain 1995, 118:913-933.
57. Jankovic J. Tourette syndrome: Phenomenology and classification of tics. Neurologic Clinics 1997, 15:267-275.
58. Kates W.R., Frederikse M., Mostofsky S.H., Folley B.S., Cooper K., Mazur-Hopkins P., et al. MRI parcellation of the frontal lobe in boys with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder or Tourette syndrome. Psychiatry Research Neuroimaging 2002, 116:63-81.
59. Kimmig H., Haussmann K., Mergner T., Lucking C.H. What is pathological with gaze shift fragmentation in Parkinson's disease?. Journal of Neurology 2002, 249:683-692.
60. Klein C., Raschke A., Brandenbusch A. Development of pro- and antisaccades in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and healthy controls. Psychophysiology 2003, 40:17-28.
61. Leenders K.L., Oertel W.H. Parkinson's disease: Clinical signs and symptoms, neural mechanisms, positron emission tomography and therapeutic interventions. Neural Plasticity 2001, 8:99-110.
62. Leigh R.J., Zee D.S. The neurology of eye movements 1999, Davis, Philadelphia.
63. Le Vasseur A.L., Flanagan J.R., Riopelle R.J., Munoz D.P. Control of volitional and reflexive saccades in Tourette's syndrome. Brain 2001, 124:2045-2058.
64. Lezak M.D. Neuropsychological assessment 1995, Oxford University Press, New York. 3rd Edition.
65. Luce R.D. Response times: Their role in inferring elementary mental organization 1986, Oxford University Press, Oxford.
66. Majsak M.J., Kaminski T., Gentile A.M., Flanagan J.R. The reaching movements of patients with Parkinson's disease under self-determined maximal speed and visually cued conditions. Brain 1998, 121:755-766.
67. Minshew N.J., Luna B., Sweeney J.A. Oculomotor evidence for neocortical systems but not cerebellar dysfunction in autism. Neurology 1999, 52:917-922.
68. Morris M.E., Iansek R., Matyas T.A., Summers J.J. Stride length regulation in Parkinson's disease: Normalization strategies and underlying mechanisms. Brain 1996, 119:551-568.
69. Mortimer J.A., Webster D.D. Evidence for a quantitative association between emg stretch responses and Parkinsonian rigidity. Brain Research 1979, 162:169-173.
70. Moschner C., Baloh R.W. Age-related changes in visual tracking. Journal of Gerontology 1994, 49:M235-M238.
71. Moschovakis A.K., Scudder C.A., Highstein S.M. The microscopic anatomy and physiology of the mammalian saccadic system. Progress in Neurology 1996, 50:133-245.
72. Mostofsky S.H., Lasker A.G., Cutting L.E., Denckla M.B., Zee D.S. Oculomotor abnormalities in attention deficit hyperacitivty disorder: A preliminary study. Neurology 2001, 57:423-430.
73. Munoz D.P., Armstrong I.T., Hampton K.A., Moore K.D. Altered control of visual fixation and saccadic eye movements in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. Journal of Neurophysiology 2003, 90:503-514.
74. Munoz D.P., Broughton J.R., Goldring J.E., Armstrong I.T. Age-related performance of human subjects on saccadic eye movement tasks. Experimental Brain Research 1998, 121:391-400.
75. Munoz D.P., Dorris M.C., Paré M., Everling S. On your mark, get set: Brainstem circuitry underlying saccadic initiation. Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 2000, 78:934-944.
76. Munoz D.P., Everling S. Look away: The anti-saccade task and the voluntary control of eye movement. Nature Reviews Neuroscience 2004, 5:218-228.
77. Munoz D.P., Fecteau J.H. Vying for dominance: dynamic interactions control visual fixation and saccadic initiation in the superior colliculus. The brain's eye: Neurobiological and clinical aspects of oculomotor research 2002, 3-19. Elsevier, Amsterdam. J. Hyona, D.P. Munoz, W. Heide, R. Radach (Eds.).
78. Munoz D.P., Schall J.D. Concurrent, distributed control of saccade initiation in the frontal eye field and superior colliculus. The oculomotor system: New approaches for studying sensorimotor integration 2003, CRC, Boca Raton, FL. W.D. Hall, M.K. Moschovakis (Eds.).
79. Narita A.S., Shawkat F.S., Lask B., Taylor D.S.I., Harris C.M. Eye movement abnormalities in a case of tourette syndrome. Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology 1997, 39:270-273.
80. Nazir T.A., Jacobs A.M. The effects of target discriminability and retinal eccentricity on saccade latencies-An analysis in terms of variable-criterion theory. Psychological Research-Psychologische Forschung 1991, 53:281-289.
81. Obayashi R., Matsushima E., Ando H., Ando K., Kojima T. Exploratory eye movements during the Benton Visual Retention Test: Characteristics of visual behavior in schizophrenia. Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences 2003, 57:409-415.
82. Olincy A., Ross R.G., Young D.A., Freedman R. Age diminishes performance on an antisaccade eye movement task. Neurobiology of Aging 1997, 18:483-489.
83. Owen A.M., James M., Leigh P.N., Summers B.A., Quinn N., Marsden C.D. Fronto-striatal cognitive deficits at different stages or Parkinson's disease. Brain 1993, 115:1727-1751.
84. Owen A.M., Roberts A.C., Hodges J.R., Summers B.A., Polkey C.E., Robbins T.W. Contrasting mechanisms of impaired attentional set-shifting in patients with frontal-lobe damage or Parkinson's disease. Brain 1993, 116:1159-1175.
85. Paré M., Hanes D.P. Controlled movement processing: superior colliculus activity associated with countermanding saccades. Journal of Neuroscience 2003, 23:6480-6489.
86. Paré M., Munoz D.P. Saccadic reaction times in the monkey: advanced preparation of oculomotro programs is primarily responsible for express saccade occurrence. Journal of Neurophysiology 1996, 76:3666-3681.
87. Paré M., Wurtz R.H. Progression in neuronal processing for saccadic eye movements from parietal cortex area LIP to superior colliculus. Journal of Neurophysiology 2001, 85:2545-2562.
88. Paus T. Mapping brain maturation and cognitive development during adolescence. Trends in Cognitive Sciences 2005, 9:60-68.
89. Perry V.H., Cowey A. The ganglion cell and cone distributions in the monkey's retina: Implications for central magnification factors. Vision Research 1985, 25:1795-1810.
90. Pierrot-Deseilligny C., Israel I., Berthoz A., Rivaud S., Gaymard B. Role of the different frontallobe areas in the control of the horizontal component of memory-guided saccades in man. Experimental Brain Research 1993, 95:166-171.
91. Pierrot-Deseilligny C., Rivaud S., Gaymard B., Agid Y. Cortical control of reflexive visually-guided saccades. Brain 1991, 114:1473-1485.
92. Pierrot-Deseilligny C., Muri R.M., Ploner C.J., Gaymard B., Demeret S., Rivaud-Pechoux S. Decisional role of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in ocular motor behavior. Brain 2003, 126:1460-1473.
93. Ploner C.J., Gaymard B.M., Rivaud-Pechoux S., Pierrot-Deseilligny C. The prefrontal substrate of reflexive saccade inhibition in humans. Biological Psychiatry 2005, 57:1159-1165.
94. Praamstra P., Plat F.M. Failed suppressions of direct visuomotor activation in Parkinson's disease. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 2001, 13:31-43.
95. Pratt J., Abrams R.A., Chasteen A.L. Initiation and inhibition of saccadic eye movements in younger and older adults: An analysis of the gap effect. Journal of Gerontology 1997, 52:103-107.
96. Pratt J., Abrams R.A., Chasteen A.L. Initiation and inhibition of saccadic eye movements in younger and older adults: an analysis of the gap effect. Journal of Gerontology 1997, 52:103-107.
97. Ratcliff R. A theory of memory retrieval. Psychological Review 1978, 85:59-108.
98. Reuter-Lorenz P.A., Oonk H.M., Barnes L.L., Hughes H.D. Effects of warning signals and fixation point offsets on the latencies of pro- versus antisaccades: Implications for an interpretation of the gap effect. Experimental Brain Research 1995, 103:287-293.
99. Robinson D.L., McClurkin J.W. The visual superior colliculus and pulvinar. Review of Oculomotor Research 1989, 3:337.
100. Rothwell J.D., Obeso J.A., Traub M.M., Marsden C.D. The behavior of the long latency stretch reflex in patients with Parkinson's disease. Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery and Psychiatry 1983, 46:35-44.
101. Schall J.D. Visuomotor are as of the frontal lobe. Cerebellum Cortex 1997, 12:527-638.
102. Schall J.D., Thompson K.G. Neural selection and control of visually guided eye movements. Annual Review of Neuroscience 1999, 22:241-259.
103. Schiller P.H., Sandell J.H., Maunsell J.H.R. The effect of frontal eye field and superior colliculus lesions on saccadic latencies in the rhesus-monkey. Journal of Neurophysiology 1987, 57:1033-1049.
104. Scudder C.A., Kaneko C.S., Fuchs A.F. The brain stem burst generator for saccadic eye movements: a modern synthesis. Experimental Brain Research 2002, 142:439-462.
105. Seidman L.J., Valera E.m., Bush G. Brain function and structure in adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Psychiatric Clinics of North America 2004, 27:323.
106. Sharpe J.A., Zackon D.H. Senescent saccades: Effects oaging on their accuracy, latency and velocity. Acta Otolaryngol 1987, 104:422-428.
107. Shue K.L., Douglas V. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and the frontal lobe syndrome. Brain and Cognition 1992, 20:104-124.
108. Singer H.S. Neurobiology of Tourette syndrome. Neurologic Clinics 1997, 15:357.
109. Sparks D.L. The brainstem control of saccadic eye movements. Nature Reviews Neuroscience 2002, 3:952-964.
110. Spooner J.W., Sakala S.M., Baloh R.W. Effect of aging on eye tracking. Archives of Neurology 1980, 37:575-576.
111. Straube A., Mennicken J.B., Riedel M., Eggert T., Muller N. Saccades in Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome. Movement Disorders 1997, 12:536-546.
112. Sweeney J.A., Takarae Y., Macmillan C., Luna B., Minshew N.J. Eye movements in neurodevelopmental disorders. Current Opinion in Neurology 2004, 17:37-42.
113. Tatton W.G., Lee R.G. Evidence for abnormal long-loop reflexes in rigid Parkinsonian patients. Brain Research 1975, 100:671-676.
114. Tatton W.G., Eastman M.J., Bedingham W., Verrier M.C., Bruce I.C. Defective utilization of sensory input as the basis for bradykinesia, rigidity and decreased movement repertoire in Parkinson's disease: A hypothesis. Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences 1984, 11:136-143.
115. Taylor A.E., Saint-Cyr J.A., Lang A.E. Frontal lobe dysfunction in Parkinson's disease. Brain 1986, 109:845-883.
116. Trappenberg T.P., Dorris M.C., Munoz D.P., Klein R.M. A model of saccade initiation based on the competitive integration of exogenous and endogenous signals in the superior colliculus. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 2001, 15:256-271.
117. van der Geest J.N., Kemner C., Camfferman G., Verbaten M.N., van Engeland H. Eye movements, visual attention, and autism: A saccadic reaction time study using the gap and overlap paradigm. Biological Psychiatry 2001, 50:614-619.
118. Van Essen D.C., Newsome W.T., Maunsell J.H.R. The visual-field representation in striate cortex of the macaque monkey-asymmetries, anisotropies, and individual variability. Vision Research 1984, 24:429-448.
119. Vidailhet M., Rivaud S., Gouider-Khouja N., Pillon B., Bonnet A.M., Gaymard B., et al. Eye movements in Parkinsonian syndromes. Annals of Neurology 1994, 35:420-426.
120. Warabi T., Kase M., Kato T. Effect of aging on the accuracy of viasually guided saccadic eye movements. Annals of Neurology 1984, 16:449-454.
121. Willis W.G., Weiler M.D. Neural substrates of childhood attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: Electroencephalographic and magnetic resonance imaging evidence. Developmental Neuropsychology 2005, 27:135-182.
122. Wilson S.J., Glue P., Ball D., Nutt D.J. Saccadic eye movement parameters in normal subjects. Electroencephalography in Clinical Neurophysiology 1993, 86:69-74.
123. Winograd-Gurvich C.T., Georgiou-Karistianis N., Evans A., Millist L., Bradshaw J.L., Churchyard A., et al. Hypometric primary saccades and increased variability in visually-guided saccades in Huntington's disease. Neuropsychologia 2003, 41:1683-1692.
124. Wurtz R.H., Goldberg M.E. The neurobiology of saccadic eye movements 1989, Elsevier, Amsterdam.
125. Wurtz R.H., Sommer M.A., Paré M., Ferraina S. Signal transformations from cerebral cortex to superior colliculus for the generation of saccades. Vision Research 2001, 41:3399-3412.