2.13 - Properties and Characteristics of ZrC

Comprehensive Nuclear Materials: Volume 1-5

Volumn 1-5, Issue , 2012, Pages 339-372

  Jackson, H F ^a   Lee, W E ^a  

^a IMPERIAL COLLEGE LONDON   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Chemical bonding; Mechanical properties; Nonstoichiometric compounds; Oxidation; Phase diagrams; Radiation effects; Thermal properties; Thermodynamic properties; Zirconium carbides

Indexed keywords

EID: 84884781460     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-08-056033-5.00023-9     Document Type: Chapter

References (196)

1. P. Schwarzkopf and R. Kieffer (1953) Refractory Hard Metals. New York: MacMillan
2. E.K. Storms (1967) J.L. Margrave (Eds) The Refractory Carbides Vol. 2 New York: Academic Press
3. L.E. Toth (1971) J.L. Margrave (Eds) Transition Metal Carbides and Nitrides New York: Academic Press
4. T.Y. Kosolapova (1971) Carbides: Properties, Production, and Applications. New York: Plenum Press [Vaughan, N. B., trans.];
5. G.S. Upadhyaya (1996) Nature and Properties of Refractory Carbides. Commack, NY: Nova Science
6. A.I. Gusev and A.A. Rempel (1997) Phys. Stat. Solidi A: Appl. Res. 163(2), 273-304.
7. V.A. Mitrokhin, R.A. Lyutikov and R.S. Yurkova (1975) Inorg. Mater. 11(6), 978-980.
8. L. Ramqvist (1968) J. Annaler. 152(10), 517-523.
9. R.E. Rundle (1948) Acta Crystallogr. 1(4), 180-187.
10. G.V. Samsonov, V.Y. Naumenko, L.P. Ryabokon and A.D. Verkhoturov (1975) Powder Metall. Metal. Ceram. 14(1), 44-46.
11. R.G. Lye and E.M. Logothetis (1966) Phys. Rev. 147(2), 622-635.
12. G.E. Hollox (1968) Mater. Sci. Eng. 3(3), 121-137.
13. E.K. Storms and J. Griffin (1973) High. Temp. Sci. 5(44), 291-310.
14. A. Fernandez-Guillermet (1995) J. Alloy. Compd. 217(1), 69-89.
15. R.V. Sara (1965) J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 48(5), 243-247.
16. E. Rudy (1969) Ternary phase equilibria in transition metal–boron–carbon–silicon systems. Part V. Compendium of phase diagram data. Sacramento, CA: Aerojet-General Corp. Report no. AFML-TR-65-2
17. O. Kubaschewski-von Goldbeck (1976) O. Kubaschewski (Eds) Zirconium: Physico-chemical Properties of Its Compounds and Alloys Vienna: International Atomic Energy Agency Atomic Energy Review, Special Issue, Vol. 6
18. Farr J. Unpublished work cited by E. K. Storms. A critical review of refractories; Report no. LAMS-2674; Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory: Los Alamos, NM, 1962.
19. R.V. Sara and R.T. Doloff (1962) Research study to determine the phase equilibrium relations of selected metal carbides at high temperatures. Parma, OH: Union Carbide Corp. Report no. WADD-TR-60-143-Pt3;
20. R.V. Sara, C.E. Lowell and R.T. Doloff (1963) Research study to determine the phase equilibrium relations of selected metal carbides at high temperatures. Parma, OH: Union Carbide Corp. Report no. WADD-TR-60-143-Pt4;
21. E. Rudy, D.P. Harmon and C.E. Brukl (1965) Ternary phase equilibria in transition metal boron–carbon–silicon systems. Pt. 1. Related binary systems. Sacramento, CA: Aerojet-General Corp. Vol. 2. Ti–C and Zr–C system, Report no. AFML-TR-65-2
22. E. Rudy and G. Progulski (1967) Ternary phase equilibria in transition metal–boron–carbon–silicon systems. Part III. Special experimental techniques. Vol II. A pirani–furnace for the precision determination of the melting temperature of refractory metallic substances. Sacramento, CA: Aerojet-General Corp. Report no. AFML-TR-65-2
23. L.M. Adelsberg, L.H. Cadoff and J.M. Tobin (1966) Trans. Metall. Soc. AIME 236(7), 972-977.
24. Y.P. Zotov and R.B. Kotel’nikov (1975) Russ. Metall. (1), 148-150.
25. Y.J. Bhatt, R. Venkataramani and S.P. Garg (1987) J. Less-Common Metals 132(2), L21-L24.
26. M.W. Chase, C.A. Davies, J.R. Downey, D.J. Frurip, R.A. McDonald and A.N. Syverud (1985) J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data 14(Suppl 1),
27. R. Mezaki, T.F. Jambois, A.K. Gangopadhyay and J.L. Margrave (1963) L.A. McClaine (Eds) Thermodynamic and Kinetic Studies for a Refractory Materials Program, Pt. 2 Cambridge, MA: Arthur D. Little, Inc 92-97. Report no. ASD-TDR 62-204;
28. L.S. Levinson (1965) J. Chem. Phys. 42(8), 2891-2892.
29. P.B. Kantor and E.N. Fomichev (1967) High Temp. 5(1), 41-43.
30. A.G. Turchanin and V.V. Fesenko (1968) Powder Metall. Metal Ceram. 8(1), 67-68.
31. E.F. Westrum and G. Feick (1963) J. Chem. Eng. Data 8(2), 176-178.
32. D.S. Neel, C.D. Pears and S. Oglesby (1962) The thermal properties of thirteen solid materials to 5000°F for their destruction temperatures. Birmingham, AL: Southern Research Institute Report no. WADD-TR-60-924
33. A.S. Bolgar, E.A. Guseva and V.V. Fesenko (1967) Powder Metall. Metal Ceram. 7(1), 31-33.
34. I.I. Petrova and V.Y. Chekhovskoi (1978) High Temp. 16(6), 1045-1050.
35. E.K. Storms and P. Wagner (1973) High Temp. Sci. 5(6), 454-462.
36. T.A. Sandenaw and E.K. Storms (1966) J. Phys. Chem. Solids 27(1), 217-218.
37. B.D. Pollock (1961) J. Phys. Chem. 65(5), 731-735.
38. J.A. Coffman, G.M. Kibler and T.F. Lyon (1963) Carbonization of plastics and refractory materials research. Cincinnati, OH: General Electric Report no. WADD-TR-60-646
39. T.A. Nikol'skaya, R.G. Avarbe and Y.N. Vil’k (1975) G.V. Samsonov (Eds) Refractory Carbides New York: Consultants Bureau 329-334. [Vaughan, N. B.; trans.]
40. G. Vidale (1963) J.A. Coffman, G.M. Kibler, T.F. Lyon (Eds) Carbonization of Plastics and Refractory Materials Research Cincinnati, OH: General Electric 155-178.
41. G. Wiedemann and R. Franz (1853) Ann. Phys. 165(8), 497-531.
42. L.G. Radosevich and W.S. Williams (1969) Phys. Rev. 181(3), 1110-1117.
43. L.G. Radosevich and W.S. Williams (1970) J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 53(1), 30-33.
44. W.S. Williams (1966) J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 49(3), 156-159.
45. R.E. Taylor (1962) J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 45(7), 353-354.
46. L.N. Grossman (1965) J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 48(5), 236-242.
47. J.K. Fink and L. Leibowitz (1995) J. Nucl. Mater. 226(1–2), 44-50.
48. W.J. Parker, R.J. Jenkins, C.P. Butler and G.L. Abbot (1961) J. Appl. Phys. 32(9), 1679-1684.
49. A.I. Avgustinik, O.A. Golikova, G.M. Klimashin, V.S. Neshpor, S.S. Ordan’yan and V.A. Snetkova (1966) Inorg. Mater. 2(8), 1230-1233.
50. B.H. Morrison and L.L. Sturgess (1970) Revue Int. Hautes Temp. Refract. 7(4), 351-358.
51. V.S. Neshpor, S.S. Ordan’yan, A.I. Avgustinik and M.B. Khusidman (1964) Russ. J. Appl. Chem. 37(11), 2349-2354.
52. S.E. Buravoi and M.L. Taubin (1974) Inorg. Mater. 10(2), 319-321.
53. V.S. Neshpor, V.S. Davydov, B.G. Ermakov and B.V. Mogilevich (1967) Powder Metall. Metal Ceram. 6(2), 135-138.
54. P.T.B. Shaffer and D.P.H. Hasselman (1962) Factors affecting thermal shock resistance of polyphase ceramic bodies. Niagara Falls, NY: The Carborundum Company Report no. WADD-TR-60-749-Pt2;
55. S. Sklarew and M.J. Albom (1963) Pyrolytically derived refractory materials for aerospace applications. Van Nuys, CA: The Marquardt Corp. Report no. NASA-CR-50404;
56. V.S. Neshpor, S.V. Airapetyants, S.S. Ordan’yan and A.I. Avgustinik (1966) Inorg. Mater. 2(5), 728-734.
57. G.V. Samsonov, I.B. Paderno and A.D. Panasiuk (1966) Revue Int. Hautes Temp. Refract. 3(2), 179-184.
58. F.A. Modine, M.D. Foegelle, C.B. Finch and C.Y. Allison (1989) Phys. Rev. B 40(14), 9558-9564.
59. C.H. Hinrichs, M.H. Hinrichs and W.A. Mackie (1990) J. Appl. Phys. 68(7), 3401-3404.
60. S. Aronson, E. Cisney and A.B. Auskern (1966) J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 49(8), 456.
61. R.O. Elliott and C.P. Kempter (1958) J. Chem. Phys. 62 630-631.
62. C.R. Houska (1964) J. Phys. Chem. Solids 25(4), 359-366.
63. N.H. Krikorian, T.C. Wallace and L.A. James (1963) J. Electrochem. Soc. 110(6), 587-588.
64. F.A. Mauer and L.H. Bolz (1955) Measurement of thermal expansion of cermet components of high-temperature X-ray diffraction. Washington, DC: National Bureau of Standards Report no. WADC-TR-55-473;
65. E. Rahimzadeh, N.R. Joshi and S. Singh (1984) J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 67(7), C139-C140.
66. J.H. Richardson (1965) J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 48(10), 497-499.
67. Y.G. Zainulin, S.I. Alyamovskii, G.P. Shveikin and P.V. Gel’d (1971) High Temp. 9(3), 496-498.
68. A.C. Lawson, D.P. Butt, J.W. Richardson and J. Li (2007) Philos. Mag. 87(16), 2507-2519.
69. V.G. Bukatov, G.A. Rymashevskii and V.B. Fedorov (1971) Inorg. Mater. 7(3), 457-458.
70. B.A. Fridlender and V.S. Neshpor (1976) High Temp. 14(5), 847-850.
71. J.J. Gangler (1950) J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 33(12), 367-375.
72. M.H. Leipold and T.H. Nielsen (1963) Mechanical and thermal properties of hot-pressed zirconium carbide tested to 2600°C. Pasadena, CA: Jet Propulsion Laboratory Report no. NASA-TR-32-452;
73. B.R. Miccioli and P.T.B. Shaffer (1964) J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 47(7), 351-356.
74. G.V. Samsonov and V.Y. Naumenko (1970) High Temp. 8(5), 1022-1024.
75. V.S. Zotov and A.P. Tsedilkin (1979) Phys. Metals Metallogr. 47(2), 344-348.
76. R.P. Agarwala and A.R. Paul (1975) J. Nucl. Mater. 58(1), 25-30.
77. L.V. Pavlinov and V.N. Bykov (1965) Phys. Metals Metallogr. 19(3), 73-76.
78. R.A. Andrievskii, V.N. Zagryazkin and G.Y. Meshcheryakov (1966) Phys. Metals Metallogr. 21(1), 140-143.
79. B.F. Ushakov, V.N. Zagryazkin and A.S. Panov (1972) Inorg. Mater. 8(11), 1690-1693.
80. R.A. Andrievskii, V.S. Eremeev, V.N. Zagryazkin and A.S. Panov (1967) Inorg. Mater. 3(12), 2158-2164.
81. S. Sarian and J.M. Criscione (1967) J. Appl. Phys. 38(4), 1794-1798.
82. R.A. Andrievskii, V.V. Klimenko and Y.F. Khromov (1969) Phys. Metals Metallogr. 28(2), 115-120.
83. R.A. Andrievskii, Y.F. Khromov and I.S. Alekseeva (1971) Phys. Metals Metallogr. 32(3), 664-667.
84. H. Matzke (1984) Solid State Ionics 12(1), 25-45.
85. R. Chang and L.J. Graham (1966) J. Appl. Phys. 37(10), 3778-3783.
86. H.L. Brown and C.P. Kempter (1966) Phys. Status Solidi 18(1), K21-K23.
87. A.I. Avgustinik, S.S. Ordan’yan and V.P. Fishchev (1973) Inorg. Mater. 9(7), 1039-1041.
88. V.M. Baranov, V.I. Knyazev and O.S. Korostinm (1973) Strength Mater. 5(9), 1074-1077.
89. G.G. Travushkin, V.I. Knyazev, V.S. Belov and G.A. Rymashevskii (1973) Strength Mater. 5(5), 639-641.
90. R. Warren (1978) Acta Metall. 26(11), 1759-1769.
91. P. Zubarev, A. Kuraev, A. Maskaev, E. Astakhova and A. Bessarabov (1994) Strength Mater. 26(1), 63-69.
92. P.T.B. Shaffer, D.P.H. Hasselman and A.Z. Chaberski (1961) Factors affecting thermal shock resistance of polyphase ceramic bodies. Niagara Falls, NY: The Carborundum Company Report no. WADD-TR-60-749-Pt1;
93. F.I. Ajami and R.K. MacCrone (1974) J. Less-Common Metals 38(2–3), 101-110.
94. A.R. Champion and H.G. Drickamer (1965) J. Phys. Chem. Solids 26(12), 1973-1975.
95. T.Y. Kosolapova (Ed.) (1990) Handbook of High Temperature Compounds New York: Hemisphere
96. M.P. Lepie (1964) Trans. Br. Ceram. Soc. 63(8), 431-449.
97. I.V. Gridneva, Y.V. Mil’man, G.A. Rymashevskii, V.I. Trefilov and S.I. Chugunova (1976) Powder Metall. Metal Ceram. 15(8), 638-645.
98. M.A. Fedotov and V.P. Yanchur (1976) Inorg. Mater. 12(3), 421-425.
99. A.G. Lanin, P.V. Zubarev and K.P. Vlasov (1993) Atomic Energy 74(1), 40-44.
100. V.F. Funke, I.V. Pshenichnyi, V.N. Kruglov and E.D. Kharkhardin (1973) Inorg. Mater. 9(12), 2151-2155.
101. D.L. Kohlstedt (1973) J. Mater. Sci. 8(6), 777-786.
102. G.V. Samsonov, A.N. Stepanchuk, A.S. Pritulyak, V.Y. Shlyuko, A.A. Adamovskii and T.V. Mashonkina (1974) Powder Metall. Metal Ceram. 13(9), 735-738.
103. A.Y. Artamonov and G.A. Bovkun (1975) G.V. Samsonov (Eds) Refractory Carbides New York: Consultants Bureau 371-376. [Vaughan, N. B.; trans.]
104. R.A. Andrievskii, V.V. Klimenko, V.I. Mitrofanov and N.I. Poltoratskii (1977) Powder Metall. Metal Ceram. 16(6), 423-426.
105. F.W. Vahldiek and S.A. Mersol (1977) J. Less-Common Metals 55(2), 265-278.
106. Y.G. Tkachenko, S.S. Ordan’yan, D.Z. Yurchenko, V.K. Yulyugin, G.A. Bovkun and V.I. Unrod (1979) Inorg. Mater. 15(4), 704-708.
107. X.-M. He, S. Li, H.-B. Li and H.-D. Li (1998) J. Vacuum Sci. Technol. A 16(4), 2337-2344.
108. A.G. Lanin, V.A. Sokolov and V.S. Egorov (1984) Strength Mater. 16(1), 101-107.
109. ASTM Standard C1326 (2008) Standard test method for Knoop indentation hardness of advanced ceramics. West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM International
110. ASTM Standard C1327 (2008) Standard test method for Vickers indentation hardness of advanced ceramics. West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM International
111. T. Ogawa, K. Ikawa and K. Iwamoto (1976) J. Nucl. Mater. 62(2–3), 322-324.
112. C.-S. Chen, C.-P. Liu and C.Y.A. Tsao (2005) Thin Solid Films 479(1–2), 130-136.
113. G.D. Quinn and R.C. Bradt (2007) J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 90(3), 673-680.
114. W.S. Williams and R.D. Schaal (1962) J. Appl. Phys. 33(3), 955-962.
115. W.S. Williams (1964) J. Appl. Phys. 35(4), 1329-1338.
116. D.W. Lee and J.S. Haggerty (1969) J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 52(12), 641-647.
117. R. Darolia and T.F. Archbold (1976) J. Mater. Sci. 11(11), 283-290.
118. V.N. Turchin, G.A. Rymashevskii and A.G. Lanin (1975) G.V. Samsonov (Eds) Refractory Carbides New York: Consultants Bureau 247-249. [Vaughan, N. B.; trans.]
119. V.F. Britun, O.N. Erin, A.G. Lanin and V.N. Turchin (1992) Powder Metall. Metal Ceram. 31(12), 1054-1058.
120. K. Minato, K. Fukuda, H. Sekino, A. Ishikawa and E. Oeda (1998) J. Nucl. Mater. 252(1–2), 13-21.
121. H. Nickel, O. Inanc and K. Lucke (1968) Z. Metall. 59(12), 935-940.
122. R.H.J. Hannink, D.L. Kohlstedt and M.J. Murray (1972) Proc. R. Soc. London A: Math. Phys. Sci. 326(1566), 409-420.
123. Y. Kumashiro, Y. Nagai, H. Kato, E. Sakuma, K. Watanabe and S. Misawa (1981) J. Mater. Sci. 16(10), 2930-2933.
124. Y. Kumashiro, Y. Nagai and H. Kato (1982) J. Mater. Sci. Lett. 11(1), 49-52.
125. Y.V. Miloserdin, K.V. Naboichenko, L.I. Laveikin and A.G. Bortsov (1972) Strength Mater. 4(3), 302-305.
126. I.I. Spivak, R.A. Andrievskii and V.V. Klimenko (1973) Powder Metall. Metal Ceram. 12(3), 212-214.
127. P.V. Zubarev and L.N. Dement’ev (1973) Strength Mater. 5(8), 61-64.
128. P.V. Zubarev and A.G. Shmelev (1980) Strength Mater. 12(2), 142-148.
129. P.V. Zubarev and A.G. Shmelev (1980) Strength Mater. 12(3), 264-268.
130. P.V. Zubarev and A.B. Kuraev (1992) Phys. Metals Metallogr. 73(6), 643-646.
131. P.V. Zubarev, A.B. Kuraev, A.G. Lanin, V.N. Turchin, O.N. Erin, G.S. Burkhanov, et al. (1992) Phys. Metals Metallogr. 73(6), 647-649.
132. P.V. Zubarev and L.N. Dement’ev (1977) Inorg. Mater. 13(7), 988-991.
133. P. Zubarev and A. Kuraev (1994) Strength Mater. 26(2), 132-136.
134. R.W. Bartlett, M.E. Wadsworth and I.B. Cutler (1963) Trans. Metall. Soc. AIME 227(2), 467-472.
135. S. Shimada and T. Ishii (1990) J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 73(10), 2804-2808.
136. S. Shimada (2002) Solid State Ionics 149(3–4), 319-326.
137. G.A. Rama Rao and V. Venugopal (1994) J. Alloy Compd. 206(2), 237-242.
138. M.M. Opeka, I.G. Talmy, E.J. Wuchina, J.A. Zaykoski and S.J. Causey (1999) J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. 19(13–14), 2405-2414.
139. R.F. Voitovich and E.A. Pugach (1973) Powder Metall. Metal. Ceram. 12(11), 916-921.
140. A.S. Shevchenko, R.A. Lyutikov, R.A. Andrievskii and V.A. Terekhova (1980) Powder Metall. Metal. Ceram. 19(1), 48-52.
141. K. Tamura, T. Ogawa and K. Fukuda (1990) J. Nucl. Mater. 175(3), 266-269.
142. V.A. Zhilyaev, Y.G. Zainulin, S.I. Alyamovskii and G.P. Shveikin (1972) Powder Metall. Metal. Ceram. 11(8), 632-636.
143. Y.G. Zainulin, V.A. Zhilyaev, S.I. Alyamovskii and G.P. Shveikin (1976) Inorg. Mater. 12(2), 239-240.
144. S. Shimada (2001) Solid State Ionics 141–142 99-104.
145. S. Shimada, M. Inagaki and M. Suzuki (1996) J. Mater. Res. 11(10), 2594-2597.
146. S. Shimada, M. Nishisako, M. Inagaki and K. Yamamoto (1995) J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 78(1), 41-48.
147. A. Belluci, D. Gozzi, T. Kimura, T. Noda and S. Otani (2005) Surf. Coat. Technol. 197(2–3), 294-302.
148. L.C. Dufour, J. Simon and P. Barret (1967) Comptes Rendus Seances l'Acad. Sci. C: Sci. Chim. 265(3), 171-174.
149. A.H. Ouensanga and M. Dode (1976) J. Nucl. Mater. 59(1), 49-60.
150. T.L. Matskevich and A.P. Kazantsev (1982) Sov. Phys. Tech. Phys. 27(4), 477-480.
151. K. Constant, R. Kieffer and P. Ettmayer (1975) Monatshefte Chemie/Chem. Month. 106(4), 823-832.
152. A.K. Kuriakose and J.L. Margrave (1974) J. Electrochem. Soc. 111(7), 827-831.
153. J.B. Berkowitz-Mattuck (1962) Kinetics of oxidation of refractory metals and alloys at 1000–2000°C, Part II. Cambridge, MA: Arthur D. Little, Inc Report no. ASD-TDR-62-203;
154. J.B. Berkowitz-Mattuck (1967) J. Electrochem. Soc. 114(10), 1030-1033.
155. K.R. Janowski, R.D. Carnahan and R.C. Rossi (1966) Static and dynamic oxidation of ZrC. El Segundo, CA: Aerospace Corp. Report no. TDR-669;
156. A. Maitre and P. Lefort (1997) Solid State Ionics 104(1–2), 109-122.
157. K. Minato and K. Fukuda (1995) Response of Fuel, Fuel Elements, and Gas Cooled Reactor Cores Under Accidental Air or Water Ingress Conditions Vienna, Austria: IAEA 86-91. Report no. IAEA-TECDOC-784
158. IAEA (1997) Fuel performance and fission product behaviour in gas cooled reactors. Vienna, Austria: International Atomic Energy Agency Report no. IAEA-TECDOC-978;
159. R.E. Bullock and J.L. Kaae (1983) J. Nucl. Mater. 115(1), 69-83.
160. N.E. Holden (2009) D.R. Lide (Eds) CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 89th ed. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press/Taylor and Francis
161. G.W. Keilholtz, R.E. Moore and M.F. Osborne (1968) Nucl. Applic. 4(5), 330-336.
162. G.M. Watson and G.W. Keilholtz (1970) P. Patriarca, D.J. Rucker (Eds) Fuel and Materials Development Program. Quarterly Progress Report for Period Ending 30 September 1969 Oak Ridge, TN: Oak Ridge National Laboratory 245-255. Report no. ORNL-4480
163. G.W. Keilholtz, R.E. Moore and D.A. Dyslin (1969) P. Patriarca, W.O. Harms (Eds) Fuels and Materials Development Program. Quarterly Progress Report for Period Ending 30 September 1968 Oak Ridge, TN: Oak Ridge National Laboratory 139-145. Report no. ORNL-4350
164. R.A. Andrievskii, K.P. Vlasov, A.S. Shevchenko, et al. (1978) Inorg. Mater. 14(4), 530-533.
165. M.S. Koval'chenko and Y.I. Rogovoi (1973) Inorg. Mater. 9(2), 290-292.
166. R.A. Andrievskii, V.I. Savin, V.Y. Markin, V.T. Spravtsev and A.S. Shevchenko (1978) Inorg. Mater. 14(4), 526-529.
167. G.H. Reynolds, J.C. Janvier, J.L. Kaae and J.P. Morlevat (1976) J. Nucl. Mater. 62(1), 9-16.
168. T. Ogawa, K. Fukuda, S. Kashimura, et al. (1992) J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 75(11), 2985-2990.
169. K. Minato, T. Ogawa, K. Sawa, et al. (1999) Nucl. Technol. 130(3), 272-281.
170. K. Minato, T. Ogawa, K. Fukuda, et al. (1995) J. Nucl. Mater. 224(1), 85-92.
171. K. Minato, T. Ogawa, K. Fukuda, H. Sekino, I. Kitagawa and N. Mita (1997) J. Nucl. Mater. 249(2–3), 142-149.
172. T. Ogawa and K. Ikawa (1981) J. Nucl. Mater. 99(1), 85-93.
173. J. Gan, M.K. Meyer, R.C. Birtcher and T.R. Allen (2006) J. ASTM Int. 3(4), 358-364.
174. J. Gan, Y. Yang, C.A. Dickerson and T.R. Allen (2009) J. Nucl. Mater. 389(2), 317-325.
175. Y. Yang, C.A. Dickerson, H. Swoboda, B. Miller and T.R. Allen (2008) J. Nucl. Mater. 378(3), 341-348.
176. D. Gosset, M. Dolle, D. Simeone, G. Baldinozzi and L. Thome (2008) Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. B 266(12–13), 2801-2805.
177. D. Gosset, M. Dolle, D. Simeone, G. Baldinozzi and L. Thome (2008) J. Nucl. Mater. 373(1–3), 123-129.
178. L. David, S. Gomes, G. Carlot, et al. (2008) J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 41(3), 035502.
179. F.B. Baker, E.K. Storms and C.E. Holley (1969) J. Chem. Eng. Data 14(2), 244-246.
180. V.P. Bulychev, R.A. Andrievskii and L.B. Nezhevenko (1977) Powder Metall. Metal Ceram. 16(4), 273-276.
181. A.J. Caputo (1977) Thin Solid Films 40(1–3), 49-55.
182. A.N. Christensen (1990) Acta. Chem. Scand. 44 851-852.
183. V.B. Fedorov and I.N. Aleinikov (1971) High Temp. 9(5), 984-985.
184. J. Henney and J.W.S. Jones (1964) Ternary phases in the zirconium–carbon–oxygen system. Harwell, UK: Atomic Energy Research Establishment Report no. AERE-R 4619;
185. C.P. Kempter and R.J. Fries (1960) Anal. Chem. 32(4), 570.
186. I.G. Korshunov, V.E. Zinov’ev, P.V. Gel’d, V.S. Chernyaev, A.S. Borukhovich and G.P. Shveikin (1973) High Temp. 11(4), 803-805.
187. S.N. L'vov, M.I. Lesnaya, I.M. Vinitskii and V.Y. Naumenko (1972) High Temp. 10(6), 1196-1198.
188. A.D. Mah (1964) Heats of formation of zirconium carbide and hafnium carbide. Berkeley, CA: US Bureau of Mines Report no. BM-RI-6518;
189. A.D. Mah and B.J. Boyle (1955) J. Am. Chem. Soc. 77(24), 6512-6513.
190. S.S. Ordan’yan, L.V. Kudryasheva and A.I. Avgustinik (1971) Inorg. Mater. 7(12), 2179-2182.
191. V.A. Petrov, V.Y. Chekhovskoi, A.E. Sheindlin, V.A. Nikolaeva and L.P. Fomina (1967) High Temp. 5(6), 889-893.
192. G.V. Samsonov and I.M. Vinitskii (1980) Refractory Compounds Handbook. New York: Plenum Press [Shaw, K.; trans.];
193. E.M. Savitskii, A.A. Kul’bakh and N.A. Evstyukhin (1975) G.V. Samsonov (Eds) Refractory Carbides New York: Consultants Bureau 361-365. [Vaughan, N. B.; trans.]
194. A.S. Shevchenko, R.A. Andrievskii, V.P. Kalinin and R.A. Lyutikov (1970) Powder Metall. Metal. Ceram. 10(1), 71-73.
195. V.N. Turchin, A.B. Emel’yanov, G.A. Rymashevskii and A.G. Lanin (1980) Powder Metall. Metal. Ceram. 19(1), 24-27.
196. Y.P. Zotov, R.B. Kotel’nikov, L.E. Kakushadze, L.V. Migunov and Z.G. Galiakbarov (1974) Russ. Metall. (6), 59-64.