A review of the efficacy and tolerability of combination amlodipine/valsartan in non-white patients with hypertension

American Journal of Cardiovascular Drugs

Volumn 13, Issue 5, 2013, Pages 301-313

  Ferdinand, Keith C ^a   Nasser, Samar A ^b  

^a TULANE UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN DEARBORN   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AMLODIPINE; AMLODIPINE PLUS VALSARTAN; BISOPROLOL; DIHYDROPYRIDINE; HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE; METHYLDOPA; VALSARTAN;

AFRICAN AMERICAN; ANTIHYPERTENSIVE THERAPY; ASIAN; BLOOD PRESSURE REGULATION; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; COMORBIDITY; DIABETES MELLITUS; DIARRHEA; DIZZINESS; DRUG DOSE TITRATION; DRUG EFFICACY; DRUG INDUCED HEADACHE; DRUG TOLERABILITY; ETHNIC DIFFERENCE; ETHNICITY; EUROPEAN AMERICAN; FATIGUE; HEALTH CARE COST; HEARTBURN; HISPANIC; HUMAN; HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA; HYPERLIPIDEMIA; HYPERTENSION; HYPERURICEMIA; INCIDENCE; MEDICATION COMPLIANCE; MEDLINE; MONOTHERAPY; MORBIDITY; MORTALITY; NEGRO; OBESITY; PERIPHERAL EDEMA; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RACE; RACE DIFFERENCE; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL (TOPIC); RENIN ANGIOTENSIN ALDOSTERONE SYSTEM; REVIEW; RHEUMATIC HEART DISEASE; RHINOPHARYNGITIS; TREATMENT OUTCOME; UPPER RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTION;

AFRICAN AMERICANS; AMLODIPINE; ANTIHYPERTENSIVE AGENTS; ASIAN CONTINENTAL ANCESTRY GROUP; DRUG COMBINATIONS; HEALTH STATUS DISPARITIES; HISPANIC AMERICANS; HUMANS; HYPERTENSION; MEDICATION ADHERENCE; TETRAZOLES; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

EID: 84884703929     PISSN: 11753277     EISSN: 1179187X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s40256-013-0033-4     Document Type: Review

References (79)

1. Yoon PW, Gillespie CD, George MG, et al. Control of hypertension among adults - National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, United States, 2005-2008. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2012;61(Suppl):19-25.
2. Go AS, Mozaffarian D, Roger VL, et al. Heart disease and stroke statistics - 2013 update: a report from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2013;127:e6-245.
3. Messerli FH, Williams B, Ritz E. Essential hypertension. Lancet. 2007;370:591-603.
4. Chobanian AV, Bakris GL, Black HR, et al. The Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure: the JNC 7 report. JAMA. 2003;289:2560-72.
5. Lewington S, Clarke R, Qizilbash N, et al. Age-specific relevance of usual blood pressure to vascular mortality: a meta-analysis of individual data for one million adults in 61 prospective studies. Lancet. 2002;360:1903-13.
6. Stamler R. Implications of the INTERSALT study. Hypertension. 1991;17(1 Suppl):I16-20.
7. Gu Q, Burt VL, Dillon CF, et al. Trends in antihypertensive medication use and blood pressure control among United States adults with hypertension: the National Health And Nutrition Examination Survey, 2001 to 2010. Circulation. 2012;126:2105-14.
8. Flack JM, Sica DA, Bakris G, et al. Management of high blood pressure in Blacks: an update of the International Society on Hypertension in Blacks consensus statement. Hypertension. 2010;56:780-800.
9. Guo F, He D, Zhang W, et al. Trends in prevalence, awareness, management, and control of hypertension among United States adults, 1999 to 2010. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2012;60:599-606.
10. Weir MR, Bakris GL, Weber MA, et al. Renal outcomes in hypertensive Black patients at high cardiovascular risk. Kidney Int. 2012;81:568-76.
11. Romero CX, Romero TE, Shlay JC, et al. Changing trends in the prevalence and disparities of obesity and other cardiovascular disease risk factors in three racial/ethnic groups of USA adults. Adv Prev Med. 2012;2012:172423.
12. Egan BM, Zhao Y, Axon RN. US trends in prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension, 1988-2008. JAMA. 2010;303:2043-50.
13. Carson AP, Howard G, Burke GL, et al. Ethnic differences in hypertension incidence among middle-aged and older adults: the multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis. Hypertension. 2011;57:1101-7.
14. Vivo RP, Krim SR, Cevik C, et al. Heart failure in Hispanics. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2009;53:1167-75.
15. Bahrami H, Kronmal R, Bluemke DA, et al. Differences in the incidence of congestive heart failure by ethnicity: the multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis. Arch Intern Med. 2008;168:2138-45.
16. Daviglus ML, Talavera GA, Avilés-Santa ML, et al. Prevalence of major cardiovascular risk factors and cardiovascular diseases among Hispanic/Latino individuals of diverse backgrounds in the United States. JAMA. 2012;308:1775-84.
17. Park IU, Taylor AL. Race and ethnicity in trials of antihypertensive therapy to prevent cardiovascular outcomes: a systematic review. Ann Fam Med. 2007;5:444-52.
18. Hunt KJ, Resendez RG, Williams K, et al. All-cause and cardiovascular mortality among Mexican-American and non-Hispanic White older participants in the San Antonio Heart Study - evidence against the "Hispanic paradox". Am J Epidemiol. 2003;158:1048-57.
19. Kearney PM, Whelton M, Reynolds K, et al. Global burden of hypertension: analysis of worldwide data. Lancet. 2005;365:217-23.
20. Zhao Y, Lu F, Sun H, et al. Trends in hypertension prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control rates in Shandong Province of China. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich). 2012;14:637-43.
21. Cai L, Liu A, Zhang L, et al. Prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension among adults in Beijing, China. Clin Exp Hypertens. 2012;34:45-52.
22. Li H, Meng Q, Sun X, et al. Prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension in rural China: results from Shandong Province. J Hypertens. 2010;28:432-8.
23. Dong GH, Sun ZQ, Zhang XZ, et al. Prevalence, awareness, treatment & control of hypertension in rural Liaoning province, China. Indian J Med Res. 2008;128:122-7.
24. Ramachandran A, Snehalatha C, Shetty AS, et al. Trends in prevalence of diabetes in Asian countries. World J Diabetes. 2012;3:110-7.
25. Qin X, Li J, Zhang Y, et al. Prevalence and associated factors of diabetes and impaired fasting glucose in Chinese hypertensive adults aged 45 to 75 years. PLoS One. 2012;7:e42538.
26. Zhang L, Zhang WH, Zhang L, et al. Prevalence of overweight/obesity and its associations with hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and metabolic syndrome: a survey in the suburban area of Beijing, 2007. Obes Facts. 2011;4:284-9.
27. Adams AS, Uratsu C, Dyer W, et al. Health system factors and antihypertensive adherence in a racially and ethnically diverse cohort of new users. JAMA Intern Med. 2013;173:54-61.
28. Dezii CM. A retrospective study of persistence with single-pill combination therapy vs. concurrent two-pill therapy in patients with hypertension. Manag Care. 2001;10(2 Suppl):6-10.
29. Iskedjian M, Einarson TR, MacKeigan LD, et al. Relationship between daily dose frequency and adherence to antihypertensive pharmacotherapy: evidence from a meta-analysis. Clin Ther. 2002;24:302-16.
30. Hess G, Hill J, Lau H, et al. Medication utilization patterns and hypertension-related expenditures among patients who were switched from fixed-dose to free-combination antihypertensive therapy. P&T. 2008;33:652-66.
31. Sever PS, Messerli FH. Hypertension management 2011: optimal combination therapy. Eur Heart J. 2011;32:2499-506.
32. Parati G, Ochoa JE, Bilo G. Blood pressure variability, cardiovascular risk, and risk for renal disease progression. Curr Hypertens Rep. 2012;14:421-31.
33. Sood N, Reinhart KM, Baker WL. Combination therapy for the management of hypertension: a review of the evidence. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2010;67:885-94.
34. Wald DS, Law M, Morris JK, et al. Combination therapy versus monotherapy in reducing blood pressure: meta-analysis on 11,000 participants from 42 trials. Am J Med. 2009;122:290-300.
35. Malesker MA, Hilleman DE. Comparison of amlodipine/valsartan fixed-dose combination therapy and conventional therapy. Manag Care. 2010;19:36-42.
36. Baser O, Andrews LM, Wang L, et al. Comparison of real-world adherence, healthcare resource utilization and costs for newly initiated valsartan/amlodipine single-pill combination versus angiotensin receptor blocker/calcium channel blocker free-combination therapy. J Med Econ. 2011;14:576-83.
37. Black HR. Triple fixed-dose combination therapy: back to the past. Hypertension. 2009;54:19-22.
38. Zeng F, Patel BV, Andrews L, et al. Adherence and persistence of single-pill ARB/CCB combination therapy compared to multiple-pill ARB/CCB regimens. Curr Med Res Opin. 2010;26:2877-87.
39. Saunders E, Weir MR, Kong BW, et al. A comparison of the efficacy and safety of a beta-blocker, a calcium channel blocker, and a converting enzyme inhibitor in hypertensive blacks. Arch Intern Med. 1990;150:1707-13.
40. Weir MR, Gray JM, Paster R, et al. Differing mechanisms of action of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition in black and white hypertensive patients. The Trandolapril Multicenter Study Group. Hypertension. 1995;26:124-30.
41. Brewster LM, van Montfrans GA, Kleijnen J. Systematic review: antihypertensive drug therapy in black patients. Ann Intern Med. 2004;141:614-27.
42. Ofili EO, Oparil S, Giles T, et al. Moderate versus intensive treatment of hypertension using amlodipine/valsartan and with the addition of hydrochlorothiazide for patients uncontrolled on angiotensin receptor blocker monotherapy: results in racial/ethnic subgroups. J Am Soc Hypertens. 2011;5:249-58.
43. Cravedi P, Ruggenenti P, Remuzzi G. Which antihypertensive drugs are the most nephroprotective and why? Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2010;11:2651-63.
44. Verdecchia P, Gentile G, Angeli F, et al. Beyond blood pressure: evidence for cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, and renal protective effects of renin-angiotensin system blockers. Ther Adv Cardiovasc Dis. 2012;6:81-91.
45. Agodoa LY, Appel L, Bakris GL, et al. Effect of ramipril vs amlodipine on renal outcomes in hypertensive nephrosclerosis: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 2001;285:2719-28.
46. Wright JT Jr, Bakris G, Greene T, et al. Effect of blood pressure lowering and antihypertensive drug class on progression of hypertensive kidney disease: results from the AASK trial. JAMA. 2002;288:2421-31.
47. Neutel JM. Complementary mechanisms of angiotensin receptor blockers and calcium channel blockers in managing hypertension. Postgrad Med. 2009;121:40-8.
48. Waeber B, Ruilope LM. Amlodipine and valsartan as components of a rational and effective fixed-dose combination. Vasc Health Risk Manag. 2009;5:165-74.
49. Cohn JN, Tognoni G. A randomized trial of the angiotensin-receptor blocker valsartan in chronic heart failure. N Engl J Med. 2001;345:1667-75.
50. Pfeffer MA, McMurray JJ, Velazquez EJ, et al. Valsartan, captopril, or both in myocardial infarction complicated by heart failure, left ventricular dysfunction, or both. N Engl J Med. 2003;349:1893-906.
51. Julius S, Kjeldsen SE, Weber M, et al. Outcomes in hypertensive patients at high cardiovascular risk treated with regimens based on valsartan or amlodipine: the VALUE randomised trial. Lancet. 2004;363:2022-31.
52. Nissen SE, Tuzcu EM, Libby P, et al. Effect of antihypertensive agents on cardiovascular events in patients with coronary disease and normal blood pressure: the CAMELOT study: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 2004;292:2217-25.
53. Odili AN, Ezeala-Adikaibe B, Ndiaye MB, et al. Progress report on the first sub-Saharan Africa trial of newer versus older antihypertensive drugs in native black patients. Trials. 2012;13:59.
54. Flack JM, Calhoun DA, Satlin L, et al. Efficacy and safety of initial combination therapy with amlodipine/valsartan compared with amlodipine monotherapy in black patients with stage 2 hypertension: the EX-STAND study. J Hum Hypertens. 2009;23:479-89.
55. Smith TR, Philipp T, Vaisse B, et al. Amlodipine and valsartan combined and as monotherapy in stage 2, elderly, and black hypertensive patients: subgroup analyses of 2 randomized, placebo-controlled studies. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich). 2007;9:355-64.
56. Chazova IE, Dongre N, Vigdorchik AV. Real-life safety and effectiveness of amlodipine/valsartan combination in the treatment of hypertension. Adv Ther. 2011;28:134-49.
57. Ke Y, Zhu D, Hong H, et al. Efficacy and safety of a single-pill combination of amlodipine/valsartan in Asian hypertensive patients inadequately controlled with amlodipine monotherapy. Curr Med Res Opin. 2010;26:1705-13.
58. Huang J, Sun NL, Hao YM, et al. Efficacy and tolerability of a single-pill combination of amlodipine/valsartan in Asian hypertensive patients not adequately controlled with valsartan monotherapy. Clin Exp Hypertens. 2011;33:179-86.
59. Destro M, Luckow A, Samson M, et al. Efficacy and safety of amlodipine/valsartan compared with amlodipine monotherapy in patients with stage 2 hypertension: a randomized, double-blind, multicenter study: the EX-EFFeCTS Study. J Am Soc Hypertens. 2008;2:294-302.
60. Donnison CP. Blood pressure in the African native: its bearing on the aetiology of hyperpiesia and arteriosclerosis. Lancet. 1929;213:6-7.
61. Opie LH, Seedat YK. Hypertension in sub-Saharan African populations. Circulation. 2005;112:3562-8.
62. Odili AN, Richart T, Thijs L, et al. Rationale and design of the Newer Versus Older Antihypertensive Agents in African Hypertensive Patients (NOAAH) trial. Blood Press. 2011;20:256-66.
63. Damasceno A, Mayosi BM, Sani M, et al. The causes, treatment, and outcome of acute heart failure in 1006 Africans from 9 countries. Arch Intern Med. 2012;172:1386-94.
64. Calhoun DA, Lacourcière Y, Chiang YT, et al. Triple antihypertensive therapy with amlodipine, valsartan, and hydrochlorothiazide: a randomized clinical trial. Hypertension. 2009;54:32-9.
65. Lacourcière Y, Crikelair N, Glazer RD, et al. 24-Hour ambulatory blood pressure control with triple-therapy amlodipine, valsartan and hydrochlorothiazide in patients with moderate to severe hypertension. J Hum Hypertens. 2011;25:615-22.
66. Wright JT Jr, Lacourcière Y, Samuel R, et al. 24-Hour ambulatory blood pressure response to combination valsartan/hydrochlorothiazide and amlodipine/hydrochlorothiazide in stage 2 hypertension by ethnicity: the EVALUATE study. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich). 2010;12:833-40.
67. Lai WT, Park JE, Dongre N, et al. Efficacy, safety, and tolerability of valsartan/hydrochlorothiazide in Asian patients with essential hypertension. Adv Ther. 2011;28:427-38.
68. Ernst ME, Moser M. Use of diuretics in patients with hypertension. N Engl J Med. 2009;361:2153-64.
69. Klingbeil AU, Schneider M, Martus P, et al. A meta-analysis of the effects of treatment on left ventricular mass in essential hypertension. Am J Med. 2003;115:41-6.
70. Simon A, Gariépy J, Moyse D, et al. Differential effects of nifedipine and co-amilozide on the progression of early carotid wall changes. Circulation. 2001;103:2949-54.
71. Bakris G, Molitch M, Hewkin A, et al. Differences in glucose tolerance between fixed-dose antihypertensive drug combinations in people with metabolic syndrome. Diabetes Care. 2006;29:2592-7.
72. Martinez-Martin FJ, Rodriguez-Rosas H, Peiro-Martinez I, et al. Olmesartan/amlodipine vs olmesartan/hydrochlorothiazide in hypertensive patients with metabolic syndrome: the OLAS study. J Hum Hypertens. 2011;25:346-53.
73. Jamerson K, Weber MA, Bakris GL, et al. Benazepril plus amlodipine or hydrochlorothiazide for hypertension in high-risk patients. N Engl J Med. 2008;359:2417-28.
74. Bakris GL, Sarafidis PA, Weir MR, et al. Renal outcomes with different fixed-dose combination therapies in patients with hypertension at high risk for cardiovascular events (ACCOMPLISH): a prespecified secondary analysis of a randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2010;375:1173-81.
75. Erdine S. Olmesartan/amlodipine: blood pressure lowering and beyond in special populations. Ther Adv Cardiovasc Dis. 2012;6:31-44.
76. Guthrie RM, Dahlöf B, Jamerson KA, et al. Efficacy and tolerability of telmisartan plus amlodipine in added-risk hypertensive patients. Curr Med Res Opin. 2011;27:1995-2008.
77. Kaplan MS, Chang C, Newsom JT, et al. Acculturation status and hypertension among Asian immigrants in Canada. J Epidemiol Community Health. 2002;56:455-6.
78. Teppala S, Shankar A, Ducatman A. The association between acculturation and hypertension in a multiethnic sample of US adults. J Am Soc Hypertens. 2010;4:236-43.
79. Mancia G, De Backer G, Dominiczak A, et al. 2007 Guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension: The Task Force for the Management of Arterial Hypertension of the European Society of Hypertension (ESH) and of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). Eur Heart J. 2007;28:1462-536.