-
1
-
-
54249088855
-
Norwalk virus shedding after experimental human infection
-
Atmar, R. L., Opekun, A. R., Gilger, M. A., Estes, M. K., Crawford, S. E., Neill, F. H., and Graham, D. Y. (2008). Norwalk Virus Shedding After Experimental Human Infection. Emerg. Infect. Dis., 14: 1553-1557.
-
(2008)
Emerg. Infect. Dis
, vol.14
, pp. 1553-1557
-
-
Atmar, R.L.1
Opekun, A.R.2
Gilger, M.A.3
Estes, M.K.4
Crawford, S.E.5
Neill, F.H.6
Graham, D.Y.7
-
2
-
-
0033854742
-
Survival of Salmonella in bathrooms and toilets in domestic homes following salmonellosis
-
DOI 10.1046/j.1365-2672.2000.01091.x
-
Barker, J., and Bloomfield, S. F. (2000). Survival of Salmonella in Bathrooms and Toilets in Domestic Homes Following Salmonellosis. J. Appl. Microbiol., 89: 137-144. (Pubitemid 30602435)
-
(2000)
Journal of Applied Microbiology
, vol.89
, Issue.1
, pp. 137-144
-
-
Barker, J.1
Bloomfield, S.F.2
-
3
-
-
23044438375
-
The potential spread of infection caused by aerosol contamination of surfaces after flushing a domestic toilet
-
DOI 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2005.02610.x
-
Barker, J., and Jones, M. V. (2005). The Potential Spread of Infection Caused by Aerosol Contamination of Surfaces After Flushing a Domestic Toilet. J. Appl. Microbiol., 99: 339-347, doi:JAM2610 [pii];10.1111/j.1365-2672.2005. 02610.x [doi]. (Pubitemid 41075924)
-
(2005)
Journal of Applied Microbiology
, vol.99
, Issue.2
, pp. 339-347
-
-
Barker, J.1
Jones, M.V.2
-
4
-
-
0022655815
-
Respirable droplets from whirlpools: Measurements of size distribution and estimation of disease potential
-
DOI 10.1016/S0013-9351(86)80003-2
-
Baron, P. A., and Willeke, K. (1986). Respirable Droplets from Whirlpools - Measurements of Size Distribution and Estimation of Disease Potential. Environ. Res., 39: 8-18. (Pubitemid 16190055)
-
(1986)
Environmental Research
, vol.39
, Issue.1
, pp. 8-18
-
-
Baron, P.A.1
Willeke, K.2
-
5
-
-
0017746623
-
Virus transfer from surf to wind
-
Baylor, E. R., Baylor, M. B., Blanchard, D. C., Syzdek, L. D., and Appel, C. (1977). Virus Transfer from Surf to Wind. Science, 198: 575-580. (Pubitemid 8215008)
-
(1977)
Science
, vol.198
, Issue.4317
, pp. 575-580
-
-
Baylor, E.R.1
Baylor, M.B.2
Blanchard, D.C.3
-
6
-
-
0008716229
-
-
Shire Publications, Buckinghamshire, UK
-
Blair, M. (2000). CeramicWater Closets. Shire Publications, Buckinghamshire, UK.
-
(2000)
CeramicWater Closets
-
-
Blair, M.1
-
7
-
-
50549209728
-
The electrification of the atmosphere by particles from bubbles in the sea
-
Blanchard, D. C. (1963). The Electrification of the Atmosphere by Particles from Bubbles in the Sea. Prog. Oceanography, 1: 71-102.
-
(1963)
Prog. Oceanography
, vol.1
, pp. 71-102
-
-
Blanchard, D.C.1
-
8
-
-
0014935408
-
Mechanism forwater-to-air transfer and concentration of bacteria
-
Blanchard, D. C., and Syzdek, L. (1970). Mechanism forWater-to-Air Transfer and Concentration of Bacteria. Science, 170: 626-628.
-
(1970)
Science
, vol.170
, pp. 626-628
-
-
Blanchard, D.C.1
Syzdek, L.2
-
9
-
-
0000046350
-
Concentration of bacteria in jet drops from bursting bubbles
-
Blanchard, D. C., and Syzdek, L. D. (1972). Concentration of Bacteria in Jet Drops from Bursting Bubbles. J. Geophys. Res., 77: 5087-5099.
-
(1972)
J. Geophys. Res
, vol.77
, pp. 5087-5099
-
-
Blanchard, D.C.1
Syzdek, L.D.2
-
10
-
-
84885377625
-
Enrichment of bacteria in airborne drops from bubbles bursting at the surface of bacterial-ladenwaters
-
Blanchard, D. C., and Syzdek, L. D. (1978). Enrichment of Bacteria in Airborne Drops from Bubbles Bursting at the Surface of Bacterial-LadenWaters. Bull. Am. Meteor. Soc., 59: 1516.
-
(1978)
Bull. Am. Meteor. Soc
, vol.59
, pp. 1516
-
-
Blanchard, D.C.1
Syzdek, L.D.2
-
11
-
-
0019975481
-
Water-to-air transfer and enrichment of bacteria in drops from bursting bubbles
-
Blanchard, D. C., and Syzdek, L. D. (1982). Water-to-Air Transfer and Enrichment of Bacteria in Drops from Bursting Bubbles. Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 43: 1001-1005. (Pubitemid 12067100)
-
(1982)
Applied and Environmental Microbiology
, vol.43
, Issue.5
, pp. 1001-1005
-
-
Blanchard, D.C.1
Syzdek, L.D.2
-
12
-
-
84986791288
-
Bubble scavenging of bacteria in freshwater quickly produces bacterial enrichment in airborne jet drops
-
Blanchard, D. C., Syzdek, L., and Weber, M. E. (2011). Bubble Scavenging of Bacteria in Freshwater Quickly Produces Bacterial Enrichment in Airborne Jet Drops. Limnol. Oceanogr., 26: 961-964.
-
(2011)
Limnol. Oceanogr
, vol.26
, pp. 961-964
-
-
Blanchard, D.C.1
Syzdek, L.2
Weber, M.E.3
-
13
-
-
0014021310
-
Bacterial aerosol fromwater closets. A comparison of two types of pan and two types of cover
-
Bound, W. H., and Atkinson, R. I. (1966). Bacterial Aerosol fromWater Closets. A Comparison of Two Types of Pan and Two Types of Cover. Lancet, 1: 1369-1370.
-
(1966)
Lancet
, vol.1
, pp. 1369-1370
-
-
Bound, W.H.1
Atkinson, R.I.2
-
14
-
-
0034025457
-
Evaluation of the environmental impact of microbial aerosols generated by wastewater treatment plants utilizing different aeration systems
-
DOI 10.1046/j.1365-2672.2000.01024.x
-
Brandi, G., Sisti, M., and Amagliani, G. (2000). Evaluation of the Environmental Impact of Microbial Aerosols Generated byWastewater Treatment Plants Utilizing Different Aeration Systems. J. Appl. Microbiol., 88: 845-852, doi:jam1024 [pii]. (Pubitemid 30304205)
-
(2000)
Journal of Applied Microbiology
, vol.88
, Issue.5
, pp. 845-852
-
-
Brandi, G.1
Sisti, M.2
Amagliani, G.3
-
15
-
-
0028321868
-
Small round structured viruses: Airborne transmission and hospital control
-
DOI 10.1016/S0140-6736(94)92146-6
-
Caul, E. O. (1994). Small Round Structured Viruses: Airborne Transmission and Hospital Control. Lancet, 343: 1240-1242, doi:S0140-6736(94)92146-6 [pii]. (Pubitemid 24158041)
-
(1994)
Lancet
, vol.343
, Issue.8908
, pp. 1240-1242
-
-
Caul, E.O.1
-
16
-
-
0000833496
-
Bubble and aerosol spectra produced by a laboratory "breaking wave"
-
Cipriano, R. J., and Blanchard, D. C. (1981). Bubble and Aerosol Spectra Produced by a Laboratory "Breaking Wave". J. Geophys. Res., 86: 8085-8092.
-
(1981)
J. Geophys. Res
, vol.86
, pp. 8085-8092
-
-
Cipriano, R.J.1
Blanchard, D.C.2
-
18
-
-
0005191488
-
Infective hazards of water-closets
-
Darlow, H. M., and Bale, W. R. (1959). Infective Hazards of Water-Closets. Lancet, 1: 1196-1200.
-
(1959)
Lancet
, vol.1
, pp. 1196-1200
-
-
Darlow, H.M.1
Bale, W.R.2
-
19
-
-
84978596391
-
Production of droplets and salt nuclei by the bursting of air bubble films
-
Day, J. A. (1964). Production of Droplets and Salt Nuclei by the Bursting of Air Bubble Films. Q. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 90: 72-78.
-
(1964)
Q. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc
, vol.90
, pp. 72-78
-
-
Day, J.A.1
-
20
-
-
0001406533
-
The size distribution and entrainment of droplets
-
Garner, F. H., Ellis, S. R.M., and Lacey, J. A. (1954). The Size Distribution and Entrainment of Droplets. Trans. Inst. Chem. Eng., 32: 222-235.
-
(1954)
Trans. Inst. Chem. Eng
, vol.32
, pp. 222-235
-
-
Garner, F.H.1
Ellis, S.R.M.2
Lacey, J.A.3
-
21
-
-
84884566906
-
-
15th ed. Veritec Consulting Inc., Mississauga, Ontario, Canda and Koeller and Company, Yorba Linda, CA. Available from. Accessed March 26 2013
-
Gauley, W., and Koeller, J. (2009 A.D.). Maximum Performance (MaP) Testing of Popular Toilet Models, 15th ed. Veritec Consulting Inc., Mississauga, Ontario, Canda and Koeller and Company, Yorba Linda, CA. Available from http://www.allianceforwaterefficiency.org/uploadedFiles/Resource Center/Library/products/MaP/MaP 15/Map-15th-edition-Full-Rpt-2009-10-20.pdf. Accessed March 26, 2013.
-
(2009)
Maximum Performance (MaP) Testing of Popular Toilet Models
-
-
Gauley, W.1
Koeller, J.2
-
22
-
-
0016752025
-
Microbiological hazards of household toilets: Droplet production and the fate of residual organisms
-
Gerba, C. P., Wallis, C., and Melnick, J. L. (1975). Microbiological Hazards of Household Toilets: Droplet Production and the Fate of Residual Organisms. Appl. Microbiol., 30: 229-237.
-
(1975)
Appl. Microbiol
, vol.30
, pp. 229-237
-
-
Gerba, C.P.1
Wallis, C.2
Melnick, J.L.3
-
23
-
-
0037607478
-
Droplet production from disintegrating bubbles at water surfaces. Single vs multiple bubbles
-
DOI 10.1016/S0301-9322(03)00041-7, PII S0301932203000417
-
Gunther, A., Walchli, S., and von Rohr, P. R. (2003). Droplet Production from Disintegrating Bubbles at Water Surfaces. Single vs. Multiple Bubbles. Int. J. Multiphas Flow, 29: 795-811. (Pubitemid 36658903)
-
(2003)
International Journal of Multiphase Flow
, vol.29
, Issue.5
, pp. 795-811
-
-
Gunther, A.1
Walchli, S.2
Von Rohr, P.R.3
-
25
-
-
84884581804
-
-
Hong Kong Special Administrative Unit Department of Health..Main Findings of the Investigation, Kowloon Bay, Hong Kong
-
Hong Kong Special Administrative Unit Department of Health. (2011). Outbreak of Sever Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) at Amoy Gardens.Main Findings of the Investigation, Kowloon Bay, Hong Kong.
-
(2011)
Outbreak of Sever Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) at Amoy Gardens
-
-
-
26
-
-
58149440836
-
Experiments todetermine the conditions underwhich "specific" bacteria derived from sewage may be present in the air of ventilating pipes, drains, inspection chambers, and sewers
-
Horrocks, W. H. (1907). Experiments toDetermine the Conditions UnderWhich "Specific" Bacteria Derived from Sewage May be Present in the Air of Ventilating Pipes, Drains, Inspection Chambers, and Sewers. Public Health, XIX: 495-506.
-
(1907)
Public Health
, vol.19
, pp. 495-506
-
-
Horrocks, W.H.1
-
28
-
-
40349092809
-
An efficient analytical method for particle counting in evaluating airborne infectious isolation containment using fluorescent microspheres
-
doi:790729780 [pii];10.1080/15459620801935056 [doi]
-
Johnson, D. L., and Lynch, R. A. (2008). An Efficient Analytical Method for Particle Counting in Evaluating Airborne Infectious Isolation Containment using Fluorescent Microspheres. J. Occup. Environ. Hyg., 5: 271-277, doi:790729780 [pii];10.1080/15459620801935056 [doi].
-
(2008)
J. Occup. Environ. Hyg
, vol.5
, pp. 271-277
-
-
Johnson, D.L.1
Lynch, R.A.2
-
29
-
-
84875322874
-
Lifting the lid on toilet plume aerosol: A literature review with suggestions for future research
-
Johnson, D. L., Mead, K. R., Lynch, R. A., and Hirst, D. V. (2013). Lifting the Lid on Toilet Plume Aerosol: A Literature Review with Suggestions for Future Research. Am. J. Infection Cont., 41: 254-258.
-
(2013)
Am. J. Infection Cont
, vol.41
, pp. 254-258
-
-
Johnson, D.L.1
Mead, K.R.2
Lynch, R.A.3
Hirst, D.V.4
-
30
-
-
84885388322
-
On aerosol production and enrichment by breaking wind waves
-
Kerman, B. R. (1986). On Aerosol Production and Enrichment by Breaking Wind Waves. Atmosphere Ocean, 24: 329-345.
-
(1986)
Atmosphere Ocean
, vol.24
, pp. 329-345
-
-
Kerman, B.R.1
-
31
-
-
33748681343
-
How long do nosocomial pathogens persist on inanimate surfaces? Asystematic review
-
Kramer, A., Schwebke, I., and Kampf, G. (2006). How Long do Nosocomial Pathogens Persist on Inanimate Surfaces?ASystematic Review. BMC Infect Dis., 6: 130.
-
(2006)
BMC Infect Dis
, vol.6
, pp. 130
-
-
Kramer, A.1
Schwebke, I.2
Kampf, G.3
-
32
-
-
0000475160
-
Flow patterns in breaking bubbles
-
MacIntyre, F. (1972). Flow Patterns in Breaking Bubbles. J. Geophysic. Res., 77: 5211-5228.
-
(1972)
J. Geophysic. Res
, vol.77
, pp. 5211-5228
-
-
MacIntyre, F.1
-
33
-
-
84944362642
-
An outbreak of Pontiac fever related to whirlpool use, Michigan 1982
-
DOI 10.1001/jama.253.4.535
-
Mangione, E. J., Remis, R. S., Tait, K. A., Mcgee, H. B., Gorman, G. W., Wentworth, B. B., Baron, P. A., Hightower, A. W., Barbaree, J. M., and Broome, C. V. (1985). An Outbreak of Pontiac Fever Related to Whirlpool Use, Michigan 1982. JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc., 253: 535-539. (Pubitemid 15153748)
-
(1985)
Journal of the American Medical Association
, vol.253
, Issue.4
, pp. 535-539
-
-
Mangione, E.J.1
Remis, R.S.2
Tait, K.A.3
-
34
-
-
0000854156
-
Liquidentrainment: The mechanism of drop formation from gas or vapour bubbles
-
Newitt, D. M., Dombrowski, N., and Knelman, F.H. (1954). LiquidEntrainment: The Mechanism of Drop Formation from Gas or Vapour Bubbles. Trans. Inst. Chem. Eng., 32: 244-261.
-
(1954)
Trans. Inst. Chem. Eng
, vol.32
, pp. 244-261
-
-
Newitt, D.M.1
Dombrowski, N.2
Knelman, F.H.3
-
35
-
-
0015529823
-
Microbiology of hospital toilets
-
Newsom, S. W. B. (1972). Microbiology of Hospital Toilets. Lancet, 2: 700-703.
-
(1972)
Lancet
, vol.2
, pp. 700-703
-
-
Newsom, S.W.B.1
-
36
-
-
0025513725
-
Aerosol release from aerated broths
-
Pilacinski, W., Pan, M. J., Szewczyk, K. W., Lehtimaki, M., and Willeke, K. (1990). Aerosol Release from Aerated Broths. Biotechnol. Bioeng., 36: 970-973. (Pubitemid 20365656)
-
(1990)
Biotechnology and Bioengineering
, vol.36
, Issue.9
, pp. 970-973
-
-
Pilacinski, W.1
Pan, M.J.2
Szewcyk, W.3
Lehtimaki, M.4
Willeke, K.5
-
37
-
-
0014324654
-
The dilution ofmonodisperse suspensions foraerosolization
-
Raabe, O. G. (1968). The Dilution ofMonodisperse Suspensions forAerosolization. Am. Ind. Hyg. Assoc. J., 29: 439-443.
-
(1968)
Am. Ind. Hyg. Assoc. J.
, vol.29
, pp. 439-443
-
-
Raabe, O.G.1
-
38
-
-
50449083441
-
Effect of the aeration system on the levels of airborne microorganisms generated at wastewater treatment plants
-
doi:S0043-135408)00271-6 [pii]101016/jwatres200806028-[doi]
-
Sanchez-Monedero, M. A., Aguilar, M. I., Fenoll, R., and Roig, A. (2008). Effect of the Aeration System on the Levels of Airborne Microorganisms Generated at Wastewater Treatment Plants. Water Res., 42: 3739-3744, doi:S0043-1354(08)00271-6 [pii];10.1016/j.watres.2008.06.028 [doi].
-
(2008)
Water Res
, vol.42
, pp. 3739-3744
-
-
Sanchez-Monedero, M.A.1
Aguilar, M.I.2
Fenoll, R.3
Roig, A.4
-
39
-
-
0021927601
-
A bacteriological investigation of the effectiveness of cleaning and disinfection procedures for toilet hygiene
-
Scott, E., and Bloomfield, S. F. (1985). A Bacteriological Investigation of the Effectiveness of Cleaning and Disinfection Procedures for Toilet Hygiene. J. Appl. Bacteriol., 59: 291-297. (Pubitemid 15229878)
-
(1985)
Journal of Applied Bacteriology
, vol.59
, Issue.3
, pp. 291-297
-
-
Scott, E.1
Bloomfield, S.F.2
-
40
-
-
0037871799
-
Guidelines for environmental infection control inhealth-care facilities. Recommendations ofcdcand thehealthcare infection control practices advisory committee (hicpac)
-
Sehulster, L., and Chinn, R. Y. (2003). Guidelines for Environmental Infection Control inHealth-Care Facilities.Recommendations ofCDCand theHealthcare Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee (HICPAC). MMWR Recomm. Rep., 52: 1-42.
-
(2003)
MMWR Recomm. Rep
, vol.52
, pp. 1-42
-
-
Sehulster, L.1
Chinn, R.Y.2
-
41
-
-
0038082618
-
The numbers of pathogenic bacilli in faeces in intestinal diseases
-
Thomson. S. (1955). The Numbers of Pathogenic Bacilli in Faeces in Intestinal Diseases. J. Hygiene, 53: 217-224.
-
(1955)
J. Hygiene
, vol.53
, pp. 217-224
-
-
Thomson, S.1
-
42
-
-
0011757519
-
Fine particles
-
B Y. H. Liu, ed., Academic Press, Inc, New York
-
Tomaides, M., and Whitby, K. T. (1976). Fine Particles, in Aerosol Generation, Measurement, Sampling, and Analysis, B. Y. H. Liu, ed., Academic Press, Inc, New York, pp. 235-252.
-
(1976)
Aerosol Generation, Measurement, Sampling, and Analysis
, pp. 235-252
-
-
Tomaides, M.1
Whitby, K.T.2
-
44
-
-
84884581817
-
-
United States Environmental Protection Agency. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC
-
United States Environmental Protection Agency. (2011). WaterSense Specification for Tank-Type Toilets. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC.
-
(2011)
WaterSense Specification for Tank-Type Toilets
-
-
-
45
-
-
77957178387
-
On air-borne infection. Study II. Droplets and droplet nuclei
-
Wells, W. F. (1934). On Air-Borne Infection. Study II. Droplets and Droplet Nuclei. Am. J. Hygiene, 20: 611-618.
-
(1934)
Am. J. Hygiene
, vol.20
, pp. 611-618
-
-
Wells, W.F.1
-
46
-
-
34249703515
-
How far droplets can move in indoor environments - revisiting the Wells evaporation-falling curve
-
DOI 10.1111/j.1600-0668.2007.00469.x
-
Xie, X., Li, Y., Chwang, A. T., Ho, P. L., and Seto, W. H. (2007). How Far Droplets Can Move in Indoor Environments - Revisiting the Wells Evaporation-Falling Curve. Indoor. Air, 17: 211-225, doi:INA469 [pii];10.1111/j.1600-0668.2007.00469.x [doi]. (Pubitemid 46836585)
-
(2007)
Indoor Air
, vol.17
, Issue.3
, pp. 211-225
-
-
Xie, X.1
Li, Y.2
Chwang, A.T.Y.3
Ho, P.L.4
Seto, W.H.5
-
47
-
-
0026489403
-
Reduction of microbial aerosols by automatic toilet bowl cleaners
-
Yahya, M. T., Cassells, J.M., Straub, T. M., and Gerba, C. P. (1992).Reduction of Microbial Aerosols by Automatic Toilet Bowl Cleaners. J. Environ. Health, 55: 32-34.
-
(1992)
J. Environ. Health
, vol.55
, pp. 32-34
-
-
Yahya, M.T.1
Cassells, J.M.2
Straub, T.M.3
Gerba, C.P.4
-
48
-
-
1942467995
-
Evidence of airborne transmission of the severe acute respiratory syndrome virus
-
DOI 10.1056/NEJMoa032867
-
Yu, I. T., Li, Y., Wong, T. W., Tam, W., Chan, A. T., Lee, J. H., Leung, D. Y., and Ho, T. (2004). Evidence of Airborne Transmission of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Virus. N. Engl. J. Med., 350: 1731-1739, doi:10.1056/NEJMoa032867 [doi];350/17/1731 [pii]. (Pubitemid 38528700).
-
(2004)
New England Journal of Medicine
, vol.350
, Issue.17
, pp. 1731-1739
-
-
Yu, I.T.S.1
Li, Y.2
Wong, T.W.3
Tam, W.4
Chan, A.T.5
Lee, J.H.W.6
Leung, D.Y.C.7
Ho, T.8
|