Projections from the Spinal Cord to the Brain

The Spinal Cord

Volumn , Issue , 2009, Pages 148-167

  Kayalioglu, Gulgun ^a  

^a EGE UNIVERSITY   (Turkey)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84884467080     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-12-374247-6.50014-6     Document Type: Chapter

References (229)

1. Abrahams VC, Swett JE The pattern of spinal and medullary projections from a cutaneous nerve and a muscle nerve of the forelimb of the cat: a study using the transganglionic transport of HRP. J Comp Neurol 1986, 246:70-84.
2. Abrahams VC, Downey ED, Hammond CG Organization of segmental input from neck muscles to the external cuneate nucleus of the cat. Exp Brain Res 1988, 71:557-562.
3. Al-Chaer ED, Lawand NB, Westlund KN, Willis WD Pelvic visceral input into the nucleus gracilis is largely mediated by the postsynaptic dorsal column pathway. J Neurophysiol 1996, 76:2675-2690.
4. Al-Chaer ED, Feng Y, Willis WD A role for the dorsal column in nociceptive visceral input into the thalamus of primates. J Neurophysiol 1998, 79:3143-3150.
5. Al-Chaer ED, Feng Y, Willis WD Comparative study of viscerosomatic input onto postsynaptic dorsal column and spinothalamic tract neurons in the primate. J Neurophysiol 1999, 82:1876-1882.
6. Albe-Fessard D, Berkley KJ, Kruger L, Ralston HJ, Willis WD Diencephalic mechanisms of pain sensation. Brain Res 1985, 356:217-296.
7. Ammann B, Gottschall J, Zenker W Afferent projections from the rat longus capitis muscle studied by transganglionic transport of HRP. Anat Embryol 1983, 166:275-289.
8. Ammons WS Responses of primate spinothalamic tract neurons to renal pelvic distension. J Neurophysiol 1989, 62:778-788.
9. Ammons WS, Blair RW, Foreman RD Vagal afferent inhibition of primate thoracic spinothalamic neurons. J Neurophysiol 1983, 50:926-940.
10. Ammons WS, Blair RW, Foreman RD Responses of primate T1-T5 spinothalamic neurons to gallbladder distension. Am J Physiol 1984, 247:995-1002.
11. Antal M Termination areas of corticobulbar and corticospinal fibres in the rat. J Hirnforsch 1984, 25:647-659.
12. Antonetty CM, Webster KE The organisation of the spinotectal projection. An experimental study in the rat. J Comp Neurol 1975, 163:449-465.
13. Aoyama M, Hongo T, Kudo N Sensory input to cells of origin of uncrossed spinocerebellar tract located below Clarke's column in the cat. J Physiol 1988, 398:233-257.
14. Apkarian AV, Hodge CJ Primate spinothalamic pathways: II. The cells of origin of the dorsolateral and ventral spinothalamic pathways. J Comp Neurol 1989, 288:474-492.
15. Apkarian AV, Hodge CJ Primate spinothalamic pathways: I. A quantitative study of the cells of origin of the spinothalamic pathway. J Comp Neurol 1989, 288:447-473.
16. Azizi SA, Woodward DJ Inferior olivary nuclear complex of the rat: morphology and comments on the principles of organization within the olivocerebellar system. J Comp Neurol 1987, 263:467-484.
17. Baker ML, Giesler GJ Anatomical studies of the spinocervical tract of the rat. Somatosens Res 1984, 2:1-18.
18. Bennett GJ, Seltzer Z, Lu GW, Nishikawa N, Dubner R The cells of origin of the dorsal column postsynaptic projection in the lumbosacral enlargements of cats and monkeys. Somatosens Res 1983, 1:131-149.
19. Bennett GJ, Nishikawa N, Lu GW, Hoffert MJ, Dubner R The morphology of dorsal column postsynaptic spinomedullary neurons in the cat. J Comp Neurol 1984, 224:568-578.
20. Berkley KJ, Hubscher CH Are there separate central nervous system pathways for touch and pain?. Nat Med 1995, 1:766-773.
21. Bernard JF, Besson JM The spino (trigemino) pontoamygdaloid pathway: electrophysiological evidence for an involvement in pain processes. J Neurophysiol 1990, 63:473-490.
22. Bernard JF, Huang GF, Besson JM The parabrachial area: electrophysiological evidence for an involvement in visceral nociceptive processes. J Neurophysiol 1994, 71:1646-1660.
23. Berkley KJ, Blomqvist A, Pelt A, Flink R Differences in the collateralization of neuronal projections from the dorsal column nuclei and lateral cervical nucleus to the thalamus and tectum in the cat: an anatomical study using two different double-labeling techniques. Brain Res 1980, 202:273-290.
24. Berretta S, Perciavalle V, Poppele RE Origin of spinal projections to the anterior and posterior lobes of the rat cerebellum. J Comp Neurol 1991, 305:273-281.
25. Bester H, Menendez L, Besson JM, Bernard JF Spino (trigemino) parabrachiohypothalamic pathway: electrophysiological evidence for an involvement in pain processes. J Neurophysiol 1995, 73:568-585.
26. Bester H, Chapman V, Besson JM, Bernard JF Physiological properties of lamina I spinoparabrachial neurons in the rat. J Neurophysiol 2000, 83:2239-2259.
27. Blair RW, Ammons WS, Foreman RD Responses of thoracic spinothalamic and spinoreticular cells to coronary artery occlusion. J Neurophysiol 1984, 51:636-648.
28. Blomqvist A, Mackerlova L Spinal projections to the parabrachial nucleus are substance P-immunoreactive. Neuroreport 1995, 6:605-608.
29. Boivie J Thalamic projections from lateral cervical nucleus in monkey. A degeneration study. Brain Res 1980, 198:13-26.
30. Bosco G, Poppele RE Reference frames for spinal proprioception: kinematics based or kinetics based?. J Neurophysiol 2000, 83:2946-2955.
31. Bras H, Cavallari P, Jankowska E Demonstration of initial axon collaterals of cells of origin of the ventral spinocerebellar tract in the cat. J Comp Neurol 1988, 273:584-592.
32. Brown AG, Fyffe REW, Noble R, Rose PK, Snow PJ The density, distribution and topographical organization of spinocervical tract neurones in the cat. J Physiol 1980, 300:409-428.
33. Brown AG, Maxwell DJ, Short AD Receptive fields and in-field afferent inhibition of neurones in the cat's lateral cervical nucleus. J Physiol 1989, 413:119-137.
34. Bryan RN, Coulter JD, Willis WD Cells of origin of the spinocervical tract in the monkey. Exp Neurol 1974, 42:574-586.
35. Burgess PR, Horch KW The distinction between the short and intermediate ascending pathways in the fasciculus gracilis of the cat. Brain Res 1978, 151:579-580.
36. Burstein R, Cliffer KD, Giesler GJ Direct somatosensory projections from the spinal cord to the hypothalamus and telencephalon. J Neurosci 1987, 7:4159-4164.
37. Burstein R, Giesler GJ Retrograde labeling of neurons in spinal cord that project directly to nucleus accumbens or the septal nuclei in the rat. Brain Res 1989, 497:149-154.
38. Burstein R, Cliffer KD, Giesler GJ Cells of origin of the spinohypothalamic tract in the rat. J Comp Neurol 1990, 291:329-344.
39. Burstein R, Dado RJ, Giesler GJ The cells of origin of the spinothalamic tract of the rat: a quantitative reexamination. Brain Res 1990, 511:329-337.
40. Burstein R, Dado RJ, Cliffer KD, Giesler GJ Physiological characterization of spinohypothalamic tract neurons in the lumbar enlargement of rats. J Neurophysiol 1991, 66:261-284.
41. Burstein R, Falkowsky O, Borsook D, Strassman A Distinct lateral and medial projections of the spinohypothalamic tract of the rat. J Comp Neurol 1996, 373:549-574.
42. Burton H, Loewy AD Projections to the spinal cord from medullary somatosensory relay nuclei. J Comp Neurol 1977, 173:773-792.
43. Cao CQ, Djouhri L, Brown AG Lumbosacral spinal neurons in the cat that are candidates for being activated by collaterals from the spinocervical tract. Neuroscience 1993, 57:153-165.
44. Cechetto DF, Standaert DG, Saper CB Spinal and trigeminal dorsal horn projections to the parabrachial nucleus in the rat. J Comp Neurol 1985, 240:153-160.
45. Cerminara NL, Makarabhirom K, Rawson JA Somatosensory properties of cuneocerebellar neurones in the main cuneate nucleus of the rat. Cerebellum 2003, 2:131-145.
46. Cervero F, Iggo A, Molony V Responses of spinocervical tract neurones to noxious stimulation of the skin. J Physiol 1977, 267:537-558.
47. Chaouch A, Menetrey D, Binder D, Besson JM Neurons at the origin of the medial component of the bulbopontine spinoreticular tract in the rat: An anatomical study using horse-radish peroxidase retrograde transport. J Comp Neurol 1983, 214:309-320.
48. Chapman CD, Ammons WS, Foreman RD Raphe magnus inhibition of feline T1-T4 spinoreticular tract cell responses to visceral and somatic inputs. J Neurophysiol 1985, 53:773-785.
49. Cliffer KD, Giesler GJ Postsynaptic dorsal column pathway of the rat. III. Distribution of ascending afferent fibers. J Neurosci 1989, 9:3146-3168.
50. Cliffer KD, Burstein R, Giesler GJ Distribution of spinothalamic, spinohypothalamic, and spinotelencephalic fibers revealed by anterograde transport of PHA-L in rats. J Neurosci 1991, 11:852-868.
51. Cooper JA, Sherringon CS Gower's tract and spinal border cells. Brain Res 1940, 63:123-134.
52. Craig AD Spinal and medullary input to the lateral cervical nucleus. J Comp Neurol 1978, 181:729-744.
53. Craig AD, Burton H The lateral cervical nucleus in the cat: anatomic organization of cervicothalamic neurons. J Comp Neurol 1979, 185:329-346.
54. Craig AD, Broman J, Blomqvist A Lamina I spinocervical tract terminations in the medial part of the lateral cervical nucleus in the cat. J Comp Neurol 1992, 322:99-110.
55. Dado RJ, Katter JT, Giesler GJ Spinothalamic and spinohypothalamic tract neurons in the cervical enlargement of rats. I. Locations of antidromically identified axons in the thalamus and hypothalamus. J Neurophysiol 1994, 71:959-980.
56. Davidoff RA The dorsal columns. Neurology 1989, 39:1377-1385.
57. De Broucker T, Cesaro P, Willer JC, Le Bars D Diffuse noxious inhibitory controls in man: Involvement of the spinoreticular tract. Brain 1990, 113:1223-1234.
58. De Pommery J, Roudier F, Menetrey D Postsynaptic fibers reaching the dorsal column nuclei in the rat. Neurosci Lett 1984, 50:319-323.
59. Ding YQ, Zheng HX, Gong LW, Lu Y, Zhao H, Qin BZ Direct projections from the lumbosacral spinal cord to Barrington's nucleus in the rat: a special reference to micturition reflex. J Comp Neurol 1997, 389:149-160.
60. Djouhri L, Meng Z, Brown AG, Short AD Electrophysiological evidence that spinomesencephalic neurons in the cat may be excited via spinocervical tract collaterals. Exp Brain Res 1997, 116:477-484.
61. Djouhri L, Jankowska E Indications for coupling between feline spinocervical tract neurones and midlumbar interneurones. Exp Brain Res 1998, 119:39-46.
62. Dostrovsky JO Brainstem influences on transmission of somatosensory information in the spinocervicothalamic pathway. Brain Res 1984, 292:229-238.
63. Dougherty PM, Willis WD Modification of the responses of primate spinothalamic neurons to mechanical stimulation by excitatory amino acids and an N-methyl-D-aspartate antagonist. Brain Res 1991, 542:15-22.
64. Downie JW, Ferrington DG, Sorkin LS, Willis WD The primate spinocervicothalamic pathway: responses of cells of the lateral cervical nucleus and spinocervical tract to innocuous and noxious stimuli. J Neurophysiol 1988, 59:861-865.
65. Edgley SA, Jankowska E Information processed by dorsal horn spinocerebellar tract neurones in the cat. J Physiol 1988, 397:81-97.
66. Edgley SA, Gallimore CM The morphology and projections of dorsal horn spinocerebellar tract neurones in the cat. J Physiol 1988, 397:99-111.
67. Edgley SA, Grant GM Inputs to spinocerebellar tract neurones located in Stilling's nucleus in the sacral segments of the rat spinal cord. J Comp Neurol 1991, 305:130-138.
68. Enevoldson TP, Gordon G Postsynaptic dorsal column neurons in the cat: a study with retrograde transport of horseradish peroxidase. Exp Brain Res 1989, 75:611-620.
69. Ertekin C Human evoked electrospinogram. Developments in Electromyography and Clinical Neurophysiology 1973, Vol 2. Karger, Basel. J.E. Desmedt (Ed.).
70. Ertekin C Studies on the human evoked electrospinogram. Part I. The origin of the segmental evoked potentials. Acta Neurol Scand 1976, 53:3-20.
71. Ertekin C Studies on the human evoked electrospinogram. Part II. The conduction velocity along the dorsal funiculus. Acta Neurol Scand 1976, 53:21-38.
72. Feil K, Herbert H Topographic organization of spinal and trigeminal somatosensory pathways to the rat parabrachial and Kolliker-Fuse nuclei. J Comp Neurol 1995, 353:506-528.
73. Friehs GM, Schrottner O, Pendl G Evidence for segregated pain and temperature conduction within the spinothalamic tract. J Neurosurg 1995, 83:8-12.
74. Gauriau C, Bernard JF Pain pathways and parabrachial circuits in the rat. Exp Physiol 2002, 87:251-258.
75. Giesler GJ, Nahin RL, Madsen AM Postsynaptic dorsal column pathway of the rat. I. Anatomical studies. J Neurophysiol 1984, 51:260-275.
76. Giesler GJ, Cliffer KD Postsynaptic dorsal column pathway of the rat. II. Evidence against an important role in nociception. Brain Res 1985, 326:347-356.
77. Giesler GJ, Bjorkeland M, Xu Q, Grant G Organization of the spinocervicothalamic pathway in the rat. J Comp Neurol 1988, 268:223-233.
78. Giuffrida R, Rustioni A Dorsal root ganglion neurons projecting to the dorsal column nuclei of rats. J Comp Neurol 1992, 316:206-220.
79. Gordon G, Grant G Dorsolateral spinal afferents to some medullary sensory nuclei. An anatomical study in the cat. Exp Brain Res 1982, 46:12-23.
80. Grant G Projection of the external cuneate nucleus onto the cerebellum in the cat: an experimental study using silver methods. Exp Neurol 1962, 5:179-195.
81. Grant G, Wiksten B, Berkley KJ, Aldskogius H The location of cerebellar-projecting neurons within the lumbosacral spinal cord in the cat. An anatomical study with HRP and retrograde chromatolysis. J Comp Neurol 1982, 204:336-348.
82. Grant G, Xu Q Routes of entry into the cerebellum of spinocerebellar axons from the lower part of the spinal cord. An experimental anatomical study in the cat. Exp Brain Res 1988, 72:543-561.
83. Granum SL The spinothalamic system of the rat. I. Locations of cells of origin. J Comp Neurol 1986, 247:159-180.
84. Guan ZL, Ding YQ, Li JL, Lu BZ Substance P receptor-expressing neurons in the medullary and spinal dorsal horns projecting to the nucleus of the solitary tract in the rat. Neurosci Res 1998, 30:213-218.
85. Haber LH, Moore BD, Willis WD Electrophysiological response properties of spinoreticular neurons in the monkey. J Comp Neurol 1982, 207:75-84.
86. Hamann WC, Hong SK, Hong SK, Kniffki KD, Schmidt RF Projections of primary afferent fibres from muscle to neurones of the spinocervical tract of the cat. J Physiol 1978, 283:369-378.
87. Hancock MB, Fougerousse CL Spinal projections from the nucleus locus coeruleus and nucleus subcoeruleus in the cat and monkey as demonstrated by the retrograde transport of horseradish peroxidase. Brain Res Bull 1976, 1:229-234.
88. Harmann PA, Carlton SM, Willis WD Collaterals of spinothalamic tract cells to the periaqueductal gray: a fluorescent double-labeling study in the rat. Brain Res 1988, 441:87-97.
89. Hirai N, Hongo T, Sasaki S Cerebellar projection and input organizations of the spinocerebellar tract arising from the central cervical nucleus in the cat. Brain Res 1978, 157:341-345.
90. Hirai N, Hongo T, Sasaki S A physiological study of identification, axonal course and cerebellar projection of spinocerebellar tract cells in the central cervical nucleus of the cat. Exp Brain Res 1984, 55:272-285.
91. Hirshberg RM, Al-Chaer ED, Lawand NB, Westlund KN, Willis WD Is there a pathway in the posterior funiculus that signals visceral pain?. Pain 1996, 67:291-305.
92. Horch KW, Burgess PR, Whitehorn D Ascending collaterals of cutaneous neurons in the fasciculus gracilis of the cat. Brain Res 1976, 117:1-17.
93. Hubscher CH, Berkley KJ Responses of neurons in caudal solitary nucleus of female rats to stimulation of vagina, cervix, uterine horn and colon. Brain Res 1994, 664:1-8.
94. Hubscher CH, Berkley KJ Spinal and vagal influences on the responses of rat solitary nucleus neurons to stimulation of uterus, cervix and vagina. Brain Res 1995, 702:251-254.
95. Hobbs SF, Chandler MJ, Bolster DC, Foreman RD Segmental organization of visceral and somatic input onto C3-T6 spinothalamic tract cells of the monkey. J Neurophysiol 1992, 68:1575-1588.
96. Hodge CJ, Apkarian AV The spinothalamic tract. Crit Rev Neurobiol 1990, 5:363-397.
97. Hongo T, Jankowska E, Ohno T, Sasaki S, Yamashita M, Yoshida K Inhibition of dorsal spinocerebellar tract cells by interneurones in upper and lower lumbar segments in the cat. J Physiol 1983, 342:145-159.
98. Horch KW, Burgess PR, Whitehorn D Ascending collaterals of cutaneous neurons in the fasciculus gracilis of the cat. Brain Res 1976, 117:1-17.
99. Houghton AK, Kadura S, Westlund KN Dorsal column lesions reverse the reduction of homecage activity in rats with pancreatitis. Neuroreport 1997, 8:3795-3800.
100. Hylden JL, Hayashi H, Bennett GJ, Dubner R Spinal lamina I neurons projecting to the parabrachial area of the cat midbrain. Brain Res 1985, 336:195-198.
101. Hylden JL, Hayashi H, Bennett GJ Lamina I spinomesencephalic neurons in the cat ascend via the dorsolateral funiculi. Somatosens Res 1986, 4:31-41.
102. Hylden JL, Anton F, Nahin RL Spinal lamina I projection neurons in the rat: collateral innervation of parabrachial area and thalamus. Neuroscience 1989, 28:27-37.
103. Hylden JL, Anton F, Nahin RL Spinal lamina I projection neurons in the rat: collateral innervation of parabrachial area and thalamus. Neuroscience 1989, 28:27-37.
104. Iwata M, Hirano A Localization of olivo-cerebellar fibers in inferior cerebellar peduncle in man. J Neurol Sci 1978, 38:327-335.
105. Jones MW, Apkarian AV, Stevens RT, Hoge CJ The spinothalamic tract: an examination of the cells of origin of the dorsolateral and ventral spinothalamic pathways in cats. J Comp Neurol 1987, 260:349-361.
106. Ju G, Melander T, Ceccatelli S, Hökfelt T, Frey P Immunohistochemical evidence for a spinothalamic pathway co-containing cholecystokinin- and galanin-like immunoreactivities in the rat. Neuroscience 1987, 20:439-456.
107. Katter JT, Burstein R, Giesler GJ The cells of origin of the spinohypothalamic tract in cats. J Comp Neurol 1991, 303:101-112.
108. Katter JT, Dado RJ, Kostarczyk E, Giesler GJ Spinothalamic and spinohypothalamic tract neurons in the sacral spinal cord of rats. II. Responses to cutaneous and visceral stimuli. J Neurophysiol 1996, 75:2606-2628.
109. Kayalioglu G, Hariri NI, Govsa F, Erdem B, Peker G, Maiskii VA Laminar distribution of the cells of origin of the spinocerebral pathways involved in nociceptive transmission and pain modulation in the rat. Neurophysiology 1996, 28:111-122.
110. Kayalioglu G, Robertson B, Kristensson K, Grant G Nitric oxide synthase and interferon-gamma receptor immunoreactivities in relation to ascending spinal pathways to thalamus, hypothalamus, and the periaqueductal gray in the rat. Somatosens Motor Res 1999, 16:280-290.
111. Keay KA, Feil K, Gordon BD, Herbert H, Bandler R Spinal afferents to functionally distinct periaqueductal gray columns in the rat: an anterograde and retrograde tracing study. J Comp Neurol 1997, 385:207-229.
112. Kerr FWL The ventral spinothalamic tract and other ascending systems of the ventral funiculus of the spinal cord. J Comp Neurol 1975, 159:335-356.
113. Kevetter GA, Haber LH, Yezierski RP, Chung JM, Martin RF, Willis WD Cells of origin of the spinoreticular tract in the monkey. J Comp Neurol 1982, 207:61-74.
114. Kevetter GA, Willis D Collaterals of spinothalamic cells in the rat. J Comp Neurol 1983, 215:453-464.
115. Kim JH, Ebner TJ, Bloedel JR Comparison of response properties of dorsal and ventral spinocerebellar tract neurons to a physiological stimulus. Brain Res 1986, 369:125-135.
116. Kitamura T, Yamada J, Sato H, Yamashita K Cells of origin of the spinoparabrachial fibers in the rat: a study with fast blue and WGA-HRP. J Comp Neurol 1993, 328:449-461.
117. Klop EM, Mouton LJ, Holstege G Segmental and laminar organization of the spinothalamic neurons in cat: evidence for at least five separate clusters. J Comp Neurol 2005, 493:580-595.
118. Kostarczyk E, Zhang X, Giesler GJ Spinohypothalamic tract neurons in the cervical enlargement of rats: locations of antidromically identified ascending axons and their collateral branches in the contralateral brain. J Neurophysiol 1997, 77:435-451.
119. Kuru M Sensory Pathways in the Spinal Cord and Brain Stem of Man 1949, Sogensya, Tokyo.
120. Landgren S, Silfvenius H Nucleus Z, the medullary relay in the projection path to the cerebral cortex of group I muscle afferents from the cat's hind limb. J Physiol 1971, 218:551-557.
121. Leah J Neuropeptides in long ascending spinal tract cells in the rat: evidence for paralel processing of ascending information. Neuroscience 1988, 24:195-207.
122. Leong SK, Tan CK Central projection of rat sciatic nerve fibres as revealed by Ricinus communis agglutinin and horseradish peroxidase tracers. J Anat 1987, 154:15-26.
123. Li JL, Kaneko T, Shigemoto R, Mizuno N Distribution of trigeminohypothalamic tract neurons and spinohypothalamic tract neurons displaying substance P receptor-like immunoreactivity in the rat. J Comp Neurol 1997, 378:508-521.
124. Lima D A spinomedullary projection terminating in the dorsal reticular nucleus of the rat. Neuroscience 1990, 34:577-589.
125. Lin Q, Palecek J, Paleckova V, Peng YB, Wu J, Cui M, Willis WD Nitric oxide mediates the central sensitization of primate spinothalamic tract neurons. J Neurophysiol 1999, 81:1075-1085.
126. Low JS, Mantle-St John LA, Tracey DJ Nucleus Z in the rat: spinal afferents from collaterals of dorsal spinocerebellar tract neurons. J Comp Neurol 1986, 243:510-526.
127. Maiskii VA, Kayalioglu G, Govsa F, Erdem B, Hariri NI Nitric oxide contributes to the spinal nociceptive processing. Neurophysiology 1998, 30:370-376.
128. Mantyh PW The ascending input to the midbrain periaqueductal gray of the primate. J Comp Neurol 1982, 211:50-64.
129. Marsala J, Mechirova E, Sulla I, Santa M, Jalc P Spinal ascending projections to the nucleus tractus spinalis nervi trigemini of the dog. Folia Morphol 1989, 37:64-70.
130. Marshall GE, Shehab SA, Spike RC, Todd AJ Neurokinin-1 receptors on lumbar spinothalamic neurons in the rat. Neuroscience 1996, 72:255-263.
131. Martin RJ, Apkarian AV, Hodge CJ Ventrolateral and dorsolateral ascending spinal cord pathway influence on thalamic nociception in cat. J Neurophysiol 1990, 64:1400-1412.
132. Matsushita M Projections from the lowest lumbar and sacral-caudal segments to the cerebellar nuclei in the rat, studied by anterograde axonal tracing. J Comp Neurol 1999, 404:21-32.
133. Matsushita M Projections from the upper lumbar cord to the cerebellar nuclei in the rat, studied by anterograde axonal tracing. J Comp Neurol 1999, 412:633-648.
134. Matsushita M, Ikeda M Olivary projections to the cerebellar nuclei in the cat. Exp Brain Res 1970, 10:488-500.
135. Matsushita M, Hosoya Y Cells of origin of the spinocerebellar tract in the rat, studied with the method of retrograde transport of horseradish peroxidase. Brain Res 1979, 173:185-200.
136. Matsushita M, Ikeda M Spinocerebellar projections to the vermis of the posterior lobe and the paramedian lobule in the cat, as studied by retrograde transport of horseradish peroxidase. J Comp Neurol 1980, 192:143-162.
137. Matsushita M, Ikeda M Spinocerebellar projections from the cervical enlargement in the cat, as studied by anterograde transport of wheat germ agglutinin-horseradish peroxidase. J Comp Neurol 1987, 263:223-240.
138. Matsushita M, Tanami T Spinocerebellar projections from the central cervical nucleus in the cat, as studied by anterograde transport of wheat germ agglutinin-horseradish peroxidase. J Comp Neurol 1987, 266:376-397.
139. Matsushita M, Yaginuma H Spinocerebellar projections from spinal border cells in the cat as studied by anterograde transport of wheat germ agglutinin-horseradish peroxidase. J Comp Neurol 1989, 288:19-38.
140. Matsushita M, Yaginuma H Projections from the central cervical nucleus to the cerebellar nuclei in the rat, studied by anterograde axonal tracing. J Comp Neurol 1995, 353:234-246.
141. Matsushita M, Gao X, Yaginuma H Spinovestibular projections in the rat, with particular reference to projections from the central cervical nucleus to the lateral vestibular nucleus. J Comp Neurol 1995, 361:334-344.
142. Matsushita M, Gao X Projections from the thoracic cord to the cerebellar nuclei in the rat, studied by anterograde axonal tracing. J Comp Neurol 1997, 386:409-421.
143. Matsushita M, Xiong G Projections from the cervical enlargement to the cerebellar nuclei in the rat, studied by anterograde axonal tracing. J Comp Neurol 1997, 377:251-261.
144. Maxwell DJ, Todd AJ, Kerr R Colocalization of glycine and GABA in synapses on spinomedullary neurons. Brain Res 1995, 690:127-132.
145. McKelvey-Briggs DK, Saint-Cyr JA, Spence SJ, Partlow GD A reinvestigation of the spinovestibular projection in the cat using axonal transport techniques. Anat Embryol 1989, 180:281-291.
146. Mehler WR, Feferman ME, Nauta WJ Ascending axon degeneration following anterolateral cordotomy. An experimental study in the monkey. Brain 1960, 83:718-750.
147. Menetrey D, Chaouch A, Besson JM Location and properties of dorsal horn neurons at origin of spinoreticular tract in lumbar enlargement of the rat. J Neurophysiol 1980, 44:862-877.
148. Menetrey D, Chaouch A, Binder D, Besson JM The origin of the spinomesencephalic tract in the rat: an anatomical study using the rertograde transport of horseadish peroxidase. J Comp Neurol 1982, 206:193-207.
149. Menetrey D, Roudier F, Besson JM Spinal neurons reaching the lateral reticular nucleus as studied in the rat by retrograde transport of horseradish peroxidase. J Comp Neurol 1983, 220:439-452.
150. Menetrey D, Basbaum AI Spinal and trigeminal projections to the nucleus of the solitary tract: a possible substrate for somatovisceral and viscerovisceral reflex activation. J Comp Neurol 1987, 255:439-450.
151. Menetrey D, De Pommery J Origins of spinal ascending pathways that reach central areas involved in visceroception and visceronociception in the rat. Eur J Neurosci 1991, 3:249-259.
152. Mense S Basic neurobiologic mechanisms of pain and analgesia. Am J Med 1983, 75:4-14.
153. Mihailoff GA, Kosinski RJ, Azizi SA, Border BG Survey of noncortical afferent projections to the basilar pontine nuclei: a retrograde tracing study in the rat. J Comp Neurol 1989, 282:617-643.
154. Millan MJ The induction of pain: an integrative review. Prog Neurobiol 1999, 57:1-164.
155. Milne RJ, Foreman RD, Giesler GJ, Willis WD Convergence of cutaneous and pelvic visceral nociceptive inputs onto primate spinothalamic neurons. Pain 1981, 11:163-183.
156. Mizuno N, Nakano K, Imaizumi M, Okamoto M The lateral cervical nucleus of the Japanese monkey (Macaca fuscata). J Comp Neurol 1967, 129:375-384.
157. Molinari HH, Schultze KE, Strominger NL Gracile, cuneate, and spinal trigeminal projections to inferior olive in rat and monkey. J Comp Neurol 1996, 375:467-480.
158. Morrell JI, Pfaff DW Retrograde HRP identification of neurons in the rhombencephalon and spinal cord of the rat that project to the dorsal mesencephalon. Am J Anat 1983, 167:229-240.
159. Murakami S, Kato M Central projection of nuchal group I muscle afferent fibers of the cat. Exp Neurol 1983, 79:472-487.
160. Nahin RL Immunocytochemical identification of long ascending peptidergic neurons contributing to the spinoreticular tract in the rat. Neuroscience 1987, 23:859-869.
161. Nahin RL, Micevych PE A long ascending pathway of enkephalin-like immunoreactive spinoreticular neurons in the rat. Neurosci Lett 1986, 65:271-276.
162. Nauta HJ, Hewitt E, Westlund KN, Willis WD Surgical interruption of a midline dorsal column visceral pain pathway. Case report and review of the literature. J Neurosurg 1997, 86:538-542.
163. Nauta HJ, Soukup VM, Fabian RH, Lin JT, Grady JJ, Williams CG, Campbell GA, Westlund KN, Willis WD Punctate midline myelotomy for the relief of visceral cancer pain. J Neurosurg 2000, 92:125-130.
164. Ness TJ, Follett KA, Piper J, Dirks BA Characterization of neurons in the area of the medullary lateral reticular nucleus responsive to noxious visceral and cutaneous stimuli. Brain Res 1998, 802:163-174.
165. Nyberg G, Blomqvist A The termination of forelimb nerves in the feline cuneate nucleus demonstrated by the transganglionic transport method. Brain Res 1982, 248:209-222.
166. Nyberg G, Blomqvist A The central projection of muscle afferent fibres to the lower medulla and upper spinal cord: an anatomical study in the cat with the transganglionic transport method. J Comp Neurol 1984, 230:99-109.
167. Okado N, Ito R, Homma S The terminal distribution pattern of spinocerebellar fibers. An anterograde labelling study in the posthatching chick. Anat Embryol (Berl) 1987, 176:175-182.
168. Oscarsson O, Sjolund B The ventral spino-olivocerebellar system in the cat. III. Functional characteristics of the five paths. Exp Brain Res 1977, 28:505-520.
169. Palecek J The role of dorsal columns pathway in visceral pain. Physiol Res 2004, 53:S125-130.
170. Palecek J, Paleckova V, Willis WD The roles of pathways in the spinal cord lateral and dorsal funiculi in signaling nociceptive somatic and visceral stimuli in rats. Pain 2002, 96:297-307.
171. Palecek J, Willis WD The dorsal column pathway facilitates visceromotor responses to colorectal distention after colon inflammation in rats. Pain 2003, 104:501-507.
172. Peschanski M, Besson JM A spino-reticulo-thalamic pathway in the rat: an anatomical study with reference to pain transmission. Neuroscience 1984, 12:165-178.
173. Phelan KD, Falls WM The spinotrigeminal pathway and its spatial relationship to the origin of trigeminospinal projections in the rat. Neuroscience 1991, 40:477-496.
174. Richmond FJ, Courville J, Saint-Cyr JA Spino-olivary projections from the upper cervical spinal cord: an experimental study using autoradiography and horseradish peroxidase. Exp Brain Res 1982, 47:239-251.
175. Rivero-Melián C, Grant G Lumbar dorsal root projections to spinocerebellar cell groups in the rat spinal cord: a double labeling study. Exp Brain Res 1990, 81:85-94.
176. Rhoades RW Cortical and spinal somatosensory input to the superior colliculus in the golden hamster: an anatomical and electrophysiological study. J Comp Neurol 1981, 195:415-432.
177. Rustioni A, Hayes NL, O'Neill S Dorsal column nuclei and ascending spinal afferents in macaques. Brain 1979, 102:95-125.
178. Sahara Y, Xie YK, Bennett GJ Intracellular records of the effects of primary afferent input in lumbar spinoreticular tract neurons in the cat. J Neurophysiol 1990, 64:1791-1800.
179. Sewards TV, Sewards MA The median pain system: neural representations of the motivational aspect of pain. Brain Res Bull 2002, 59:160-180.
180. Smith MC Retrograde cell changes in human spinal cord after anterolateral cordotomies. Location and identification after different periods of survival. Adv Pain Res Ther 1976, 1:91-98.
181. Smith MC, Deacon P Topographical anatomy of the posterior columns of the spinal cord in man. The long ascending fibres. Brain 1984, 107:671-698.
182. Smith KJ, Bennett BJ Topographic and quantitative description of rat dorsal column fibres arising from the lumbar dorsal roots. J Anat 1987, 153:203-215.
183. Smith MV, Apkarian AV Thalamically projecting cells of the lateral cervical nucleus in monkey. Brain Res 1991, 555:10-18.
184. Snyder RL, Faull RL, Mehler WR A comparative study of the neurons of origin of the spinocerebellar afferents in the rat, cat and squirrel monkey based on the retrograde transport of horseradish peroxidase. J Comp Neurol 1978, 181:833-852.
185. Somana R, Walberg F A re-examination of the cerebellar projections from the gracile, main and external cuneate nuclei in the cat. Brain Res 1980, 186:33-42.
186. Stevens RT, Apkarian AV, Hodge CJ The location of spinothalamic axons within the spinal cord white matter in cat and squirrel monkey. Somatosens Mot Res 1991, 8:97-102.
187. Swenson RS, Castro AJ The afferent connections of the inferior olivary complex in rats: a study using the retrograde transport of horseradish peroxidase. Am J Anat 1983, 166:329-341.
188. Tamatani M, Senba E, Tohyama M Calcitonin gene-related peptide- and substance P-containing primary afferent fibers in the dorsal column of the rat. Brain Res 1989, 495:122-130.
189. Thomson DB, Isu N, Wilson VJ Responses of neurons of the cat central cervical nucleus to natural neck and vestibular stimulation. J Neurophysiol 1996, 76:2786-2789.
190. Tolbert DL, Gutting JC Quantitative analysis of cuneocerebellar projections in rats: differential topography in the anterior and posterior lobes. Neuroscience 1997, 80:359-371.
191. Tracey DJ The projection of joint receptors to the cuneate nucleus in the cat. J Physiol 1980, 305:433-449.
192. Traub RJ, Sengupta JN, Gebhart GF Differential c-fos expression in the nucleus of the solitary tract and spinal cord following noxious gastric distention in the rat. Neuroscience 1996, 74:873-884.
193. Trevino DL, Carstens E Confirmation of the location of spinothalamic neurons in the cat and monkey by the retrograde transport of horseradish peroxidase. Brain Res 1975, 98:177-182.
194. Truex RC, Taylor MJ, Smythe MQ, Gildenberg PL The lateral cervical nucleus of cat, dog and man. J Comp Neurol 1970, 139:93-104.
195. Usunoff K, Kharazia VN, Valtschanoff JG, Schmidt HH, Weinberg RJ Nitric oxide synthase-containing projections to the ventrobasal thalamus in the rat. Anat Embryol 1999, 200:265-281.
196. Villareal CF, Kina VA, Prado WA Antinociception induced by stimulating the anterior pretectal nucleus in two models of pain in rats. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2004, 31:608-613.
197. Vinay L, Padel Y Spatio-temporal organization of the somaesthetic projections in the red nucleus transmitted through the spino-rubral pathway in the cat. Exp Brain Res 1990, 79:412-426.
198. Wang CC, Willis WD, Westlund KN Ascending projections from the area around the spinal cord central canal: A Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin study in rats. J Comp Neurol 1999, 415:341-367.
199. Westlund KN Visceral nociception. Curr Rev Pain 2000, 4:478-487.
200. Whitsel BL, Petrucelli LM, Sapiro G, Ha H Fiber sorting in the fasciculus gracilis of squirrel monkeys. Exp Neurol 1970, 29:227-242.
201. Wiberg M, Blomqvist A The spinomesencephalic tract in the cat: its cells of origin and termination pattern as demonstrated by the intraaxonal transport method. Brain Res 1984, 291:1-18.
202. Wiberg M, Westman J, Blomqvist A Somatosensory projection to the mesencephalon: an anatomical study in the monkey. J Comp Neurol 1987, 264:92-117.
203. Wiksten B The central cervical nucleus in the cat. III. The cerebellar connections studied with anterograde transport of 3H-leucine. Exp Brain Res 1979, 36:175-189.
204. Wiksten B Retrograde HRP study of neurons in the cervical enlargement projecting to the cerebellum in the cat. Exp Brain Res 1985, 58:95-101.
205. Wiksten B Further studies on the fiber connections of the central cervical nucleus in the cat. Exp Brain Res 1987, 67:284-290.
206. Wiksten B, Grant G Cerebellar projections from the cervical enlargement: an experimental study with silver impregnation and autoradiographic techniques in the cat. Exp Brain Res 1986, 61:513-518.
207. Willcockson WS, Chung JM, Hori Y, Lee KH, Willis WD Effects of iontophoretically released amino acids and amines on primate spinothalamic tract cells. J Neurosci 1984, 4:732-740.
208. Willis WD The somatosensory system, with emphasis on structures important for pain. Brain Res Rev 2007, 55:297-313.
209. Willis WD, Coggeshall RE Sensory Mechanisms of the Spinal Cord 1991, Plenum, New York. 2nd edn.
210. Willis WD, Westlund KN Neuroanatomy of thr pain system that modulate pain. J Clin Neurophysiol 1997, 14:2-31.
211. Willis WD, Al-Chaer ED, Quast MJ, Westlund KN A visceral pain pathway in the dorsal column of the spinal cord. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1999, 96:7675-7679.
212. Wu W, Wessendorf MW Organization of the serotonergic innervation of spinal neurons in rats - I. Neuropeptide coexistence in varicosities innervating some spinothalamic tract neurons but not in those innervating postsynaptic dorsal column neurons. Neuroscience 1992, 50:885-898.
213. Xiong G, Matsushita M Upper cervical afferents to the motor trigeminal nucleus and the subnucleus oralis of the spinal trigeminal nucleus in the rat: an anterograde and retrograde tracing study. Neurosci Lett 2000, 286:127-130.
214. Xiong G, Matsushita M Ipsilateral and contralateral projections from upper cervical segments to the vestibular nuclei in the rat. Exp Brain Res 2001, 141:204-217.
215. Xu Q, Grant G Collateral projections of neurons from the lower part of the spinal cord to anterior and posterior cerebellar termination areas. A retrograde fluorescent double labeling study in the cat. Exp Brain Res 1988, 72:562-576.
216. Xu Q, Grant G The projection of spinocerebellar neurons from the sacrococcygeal region of the spinal cord in the cat. An experimental study using anterograde transport of WGA-HRP and degeneration. Arch Ital Biol 1990, 128:209-228.
217. Xu Q, Grant G Course of spinocerebellar axons in the ventral and lateral funiculi of the spinal cord with projections to the anterior lobe: an experimental anatomical study in the cat with retrograde tracing techniques. J Comp Neurol 1994, 345:288-302.
218. Xu Q, Grant G Course of spinocerebellar axons in the ventral and lateral funiculi of the spinal cord with projections to the posterior cerebellar termination area: an experimental anatomical study in the cat, using a retrograde tracing technique. Exp Brain Res 2005, 162:250-256.
219. Yaginuma H, Matsushita M Spinocerebellar projections from the thoracic cord in the cat, as studied by anterograde transport of wheat germ agglutinin-horseradish peroxidase. J Comp Neurol 1987, 258:1-27.
220. Yezierski RP Spinomesencephalic tract: projections from the lumbosacral spinal cord of the rat, cat and monkey. J Comp Neurol 1988, 267:131-146.
221. Yezierski RP, Schwartz RH Response and receptive-field properties of spinomesencephalic tract cells in the cat. J Neurophysiol 1986, 55:76-96.
222. Yezierski RP, Sorkin LS, Willis WD Response properties of spinal neurons projecting to midbrain or midbrain-thalamus in the monkey. Brain Res 1987, 437:165-170.
223. Yezierski RP, Broton JG Functional properties of spinomesencephalic tract (SMT) cells in the upper cervical spinal cord of the cat. Pain 1991, 45:187-196.
224. Yezierski RP, Mendez CM Spinal distribution and collateral projections of rat spinomesencephalic tract cells. Neuroscience 1991, 44:113-130.
225. Zemlan FP, Leonard CM, Kow LM, Pfaff DW Ascending tracts of the lateral columns of the rat spinal cord: a study using the silver impregnation and horseradish peroxidase techniques. Exp Neurol 1978, 62:298-334.
226. Zhang DX, Carlton SM, Sorkin LS, Willis WD Collaterals of primate spinothalamic neurons to the periaqueductal gray. J Comp Neurol 1990, 296:277-290.
227. Zhang X, Kostarczyk E, Giesler GJ Spinohypothalamic tract neurons in the cervical enlargement of rats: descending axons in the ipsilateral brain. J Neurosci 1995, 15:8393-8407.
228. Zhang X, Wenk HN, Gokin AP, Honda CN, Giesler GJ Physiological studies of spinohypothalamic tract neurons in the lumbar enlargement of monkeys. J Neurophysiol 1999, 82:1054-1058.
229. Zhang X, Honda CN, Giesler GJ Position of spinothalamic tract axons in upper cervical spinal cord of monkeys. J Neurophysiol 2000, 84:1180-1185.