From deep seated slope deformation to rock avalanche: Destabilization and transportation models of the Sierre landslide (Switzerland)

Tectonophysics

Volumn 605, Issue , 2013, Pages 149-168

  Pedrazzini, Andrea ^a   Jaboyedoff, Michel ^a   Loye, Alexandre ^a   Derron, Marc Henry ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF LAUSANNE   (Switzerland)

Author keywords

Dating; Failure mechanism analysis; Numerical modelling; Rock avalanche; Slope tectonics; Swiss alps

Indexed keywords

DATING; DIGITAL ELEVATION MODEL; FAILURE MECHANISM; GEOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS; MORPHOLOGICAL FEATURES; PRE-FAILURE DEFORMATIONS; ROCK AVALANCHE; SWISS ALPS;

DEFORMATION; NUMERICAL MODELS;

ROCKS;

ALPINE ENVIRONMENT; DATING METHOD; DEFORMATION; DIGITAL ELEVATION MODEL; FAILURE ANALYSIS; FAILURE MECHANISM; GEOMORPHOLOGY; INSTABILITY; LANDSLIDE; NUMERICAL MODEL; POSTGLACIAL; ROCK AVALANCHE; SLOPE DYNAMICS; SLOPE STABILITY; STABILIZATION; TECTONIC STRUCTURE; TOPOGRAPHY; TRANSPORTATION;

ALPS; SWITZERLAND;

EID: 84884419453     PISSN: 00401951     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.tecto.2013.04.016     Document Type: Article

References (76)

1. Abele G. Bergstürze in den Alpen, ihre Verbreitung, Morphologie und Folgeerscheinungen. Wissenscahftliche Alpensvereinshefte 1974, 25. (230 pp.).
2. Agliardi F., Crosta G., Zanchi A. Structural constraints on deep-seated slope deformation kinematics. Engineering Geology 2001, 59:83-102.
3. Agliardi F., Zanchi A., Crosta G. Tectonic vs. gravitational morphostructures in the central Eastern Alps (Italy): Constraints on the recent evolution of the mountain range. Tectonophysics 2009, 474:250-270.
4. Ambrosi C., Crosta G.B. Valley shape influence on deformation mechanisms of rock slopes. Geological Society, London, Special Publications 2011, 351:215-233. M. Jaboyedoff (Ed.).
5. Badger T.C. Fracturing within anticlines and its kinematic control on slope stability. Environmental and Engineering Geoscience 2002, 8:19-33.
6. Brideau M.-A., Ming Y., Stead D. The role of tectonic damage and brittle rock fracture in the development of large rock slope failure. Geomorphology 2009, 103:30-49.
7. Bugnon P.-C. Géologie de l'Hélvetique à l'extremité sud-ouest du massif de l'Aar (Loeche, Valais) 1986, (Unpublished PhD thesis, 106 pp.).
8. Burkhard M. L'Helvétique de la bordure occidentale du massif de l'Aar (évolution tectonique et métamorphique). Eclogae Geologicae Helvetiae 1988, 81:63-114.
9. Burkhard M., Kerrich R. Fluid regimes in the deformation of the Helvetic Nappes, Switzerland, as inferred from stable isotope data. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 1988, 99:416-429.
10. Burri M. La géologie du Quaternaire aux environs de Sierre. Bulletin de la Société Vaudoise des Sciences Naturelles 1955, 289:141-154.
11. Burri M. Géologie récente de Finges et de ses environ (VS). Bulletin Murithienne 1997, 155:5-27.
12. Cavers D. Simple methods to analyze buckling of rock slopes. Rock Mechanics 1981, 14:87-104.
13. Chigira M. Long-term gravitational deformation of rock by mass rock creep. Engineering Geology 1992, 32:157-184.
14. Chigira M., Kihoa K. Deep-seated rockslide-avalanches preceded by mass rock creep of sedimentary rocks in the Akaishi Mountains, central Japan. Engineering Geology 1994, 38:221-230.
15. Coe J.A., Harp E.L. Influence of tectonic folding on rockfall susceptibility, American Fork Canyon, Utah, USA. Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 2007, 7:1-14.
16. Crosta G.B., Chen H., Lee C.F. Replay of the 1987 Val Pola Landslide, Italian Alps. Geomorphology 2004, 60:127-146.
17. Dietrich D. Axial depressions and culminations in the evolution of the Helvetic chain. Schweizerische Mineralogische und Petrographische Mitteilungen 1989, 69:183-189.
18. Dramis F., Govi M., Guglielmin M., Mortara G. Mountain permafrost and slope instability in the Italian Alps: the Val Pola landslide. Permafrost and Periglacial Processes 1995, 6:73-81.
19. Eberhardt E., Stead D., Coggan J.S. Numerical analysis of initiation and progressive failure in natural rock slopes-the 1991 Randa rockslide. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences 2004, 41:69-87.
20. Emery, J.Z. 1978. Simulation of rock creep. In Voight B. (editor). (Rockslides and avalanches natural Phenomena), In Rockslides and avalanches Vol. 1. Natural phenomena. Edited by B. Voight. Developments in Geotechnical Engineering 14A, Elsevier Science Publishers B.V., Amsterdam.
21. Erismann H.T., Abele G. Dynamics of Rockslides and Rockfalls 2001, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, (316 pp.).
22. Evans S.G., Hungr O., Energreen E.G. The Avalanche Lake rock avalanche, Mackenzie Mountains, Northwest Territories, Canada: description, dating and dynamics. Canadian Geotechnical Journal 1994, 31:749-768.
23. Finger W., Weidmann M. Quelques données geologiques nouvelles sur la vallée du Rhone entre Sion et le Léman. Bulletin Murithienne 1987, 105:27-40.
24. Gasser D., Mancktelow N.S. Brittle faulting in the Rawil depression: field observations from the Rezli fault zone, Helvetic nappes, Western Switzerland. Swiss Journal of Geosciences 2010, 103:15-32.
25. Gerlach H. Die Penninischen Alpen. Mat. Carte Géol. Suisse 1883, n° 27.
26. Genevois R., Ghirotti M. The 1963 Vaiont landslide. Giornale di Geologia Applicata 2005, I:41-53.
27. Gisler M., Fäh D., Kästli P. Historical seismicity in Central Switzerland. Eclogae Geologicae Helvetiae 2004, 97:221-236.
28. Hammah R.E., Yacoub T., Corkum B., Curran J.H. The practical modelling of discontinuous rock masses with finite element analysis. Proceedings of the 42nd U.S. Rock Mechanics Symposium-2nd U.S.-Canada Rock Mechanics Symposium, San Francisco, US 2008.
29. Heim A. Geologie der Schweiz. Band II 1921, Tauchnitz, Leipzig.
30. Heim A. Der Bergsturz und Menschenleben 1932, Fretz und Wasmuth Verlag, Zürich, (218 pp.).
31. Hoek E., Brown E.T. Practical estimates of rock mass strength. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences 1997, 34:1165-1186.
32. Hsü K.J. Albert Heim: observations on landslides and relevance to modern interpretations. Developments in Geotechnical Engineering 1978, 14A:71-93. Elsevier Science Publishers B.V., Amsterdam. B. Voight (Ed.).
33. International Society for Rock Mechanics (ISRM) Suggested methods for the quantitative description of discontinuities in rock masses. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences & Geomechanics Abstracts 1978, 15:319-368.
34. Jaboyedoff M., Couture R., Locat P. Structural analysis of Turtle Mountain (Alberta) using digital elevation model: toward a progressive failure. Geomorphology 2009, 103(1):5-16.
35. Jaboyedoff M., Oppikofer T., Derron M.-H., Böheme M., Blikra L.H., Saintot A. Complex landslide behaviour and structural control: a three-dimensional conceptual model of Aknes rockslide, Norway. Geological Society, London, Special Publications 2011, 351. M. Jaboyedoff (Ed.).
36. Jäckli H. Die Vergletscherung der Schweiz im Würmmaximum. Eclogae Geologicae Helvetiae 1962, 55:285-294.
37. Jain S.K., Nanda A. A constitutive model for creep rupture. Mechanics of Advanced Materials and Structures 2010, 17:459-466.
38. Kastrup U., Zoback M.L., Deichmann N., Evans K., Giardini D., Michael A.J. Stress field variations in the Swiss Alps and the northern Alpine foreland derived from inversions of fault plane solutions. Journal of Geophysical Research 2004, 109/B1:B01402.
39. Kellerer-Pirklbauer V.-A., Nicolussi K., Kain H., Pilz A., Thurner A. Der Bergsturz von Wildalpen (Hochschwab, Steiermark): Neue dendrochronologische Ergebnisse eines Baumfragments aus der Bergsturzablagerung. Mitteilungen des naturwissenschaftlichen Vereines für Steiermark 2009, 139:57-65.
40. Kelly M.A., Buoncristiani J.F., Schlüchter C. A reconstruction of the last glacial maximum (LGM) ice-surface geometry in the western Swiss Alps and contiguous Alpine regions in Italy and France. Eclogae Geologicae Helvetiae 2004, 97:57-75.
41. Lugeon M. L'éboulement de Sierre en Valais. Le Globe. T 1898, XXVH:82.
42. Mancktelow N.S. Neogene lateral extension during convergence in the Central Alps; evidence from interrelated faulting and backfolding around the Simplonpass; Switzerland. Tectonophysics 1992, 215:295-317.
43. Mariétan I. Le tremblement de terre du 25 janvier 1946. Bulletin Murithienne 1946, 63.
44. Massironi M., Genevois R., Floris M., Stefani M. Influence of the antiformal setting on the kinematics of a large mass movement: the Passo Vallaccia, eastern Italian Alps. Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment 2011, 10.1007/s10064-010-0340-9.
45. Nicoletti P.G., Sorriso-Valvo M. Geomorphic controls of the shape and mobility of rock avalanches. Geological Society of America Bulletin 1991, 103:1365-1373.
46. Noverraz F. Répartition géographique, origine et contexte géologique des glissement de terrain latentes en Suisse. Hydrology in Mountainous Regions. H-Artificial Reservoirs; Water and Slopes(Proceedings of two Lausanne Svmposia, August 1990) 1990, IAHS Publ, (no. 194).
47. Oppikofer T., Jaboyedoff M., Pedrazzini A., Derron M.-H., Blikra L.H. Detailed DEM analysis of a rockslide scar to characterize the basal sliding surface of active rockslides. Journal of Geophysical Research 2011, 116:F02016.
48. Pant S.R., Adhikary D.P. Implicit and explicit modelling of flexural buckling of foliated rock slopes. Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering 1999, 32:157-164.
49. Pasquaré G. Tettonica recente e instabilità di versante nelle Alpi Centrali. Fondazione cariplo per la ricerca scientifica; CNR-Instituto per la dinamica dei Processi Ambientali, Milano 2001, (218 pp. (in Italian)).
50. Pedrazzini A., Jaboyedoff M., Froese C.R., Langenberg C.W., Moreno F. Structural analysis of Turtle Mountain: origin and influence of fractures in the development of rock slope failures. Geological Society of London, Special Publications 2011, 351:163-183. (2011). M. Jaboyedoff (Ed.).
51. Pedrazzini A., Jaboyedoff M., Tognini M., Derron M.-H., Loye A. Rock slope deformations in Western Swiss Alps: characterization, spatial distribution and implication on recent mountain range evolution. Tectonophysics 2013, (submitted for publication).
52. Pollet N., Schneider J.-L.M. Dynamic disintegration processes accompanying transport of the Holocene Flims Sturzstrom (Swiss Alps). Earth and Planetary Science Letters 2004, 221:433-448.
53. Pollet N., Cojean R., Couture R., Schneider J.-L., Strom A.L., Voirin C., Wassmer P. A slab-on-slab model for the Flims rockslide (Swiss Alps). Canadian Geotechnical Journal 2005, 42:587-600.
54. Prager C., Krainer K., Seidl V., Chwatal W. Spatial features of Holocene sturzstrom-deposits inferred from subsurface investigations (Fernpass rockslide, Tyrol, Austria). Geography of the Alps 2006, 3:147-166.
55. Preusser F., Reitner J.M., Schlüchter C. Distribution, geometry, age and origin of overdeepened valleys and basins in the Alps and their foreland. Swiss Journal of Geosciences 2010, 103:407-426.
56. Ramsay J.G. Fold and fault geometry in the western Helvetic Nappes of Switzerland and France and its implication for the evolution of the arc of the western Alps. Geological Society of London Special Publication 1989, 45:33-45. M.P. Coward (Ed.).
57. 2 Version 7.0. 2010, Rocscience Inc, Toronto, ON.
58. Saintot A., Henderson I.H.C., Derron M.-H. Inheritance of ductile and brittle structures in the development of large rock slope instabilities: examples from western Norway. Geological Society, London, Special Publications 2011, 351:27-78. M. Jaboyedoff (Ed.).
59. Sakals M.E., Geertsema M., Schwab J.W., Foord V.N. The Todagin Creek landslide of October 3, 2006. Northwest British Columbia, Canada, Landslides 2012, 9 (1):107-115.
60. Sartori M., Baillifard F., Jaboyedoff M., Rouiller J.-D. Kinematics of the 1991 Randa rockslides (Valais, Switzerland). Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 2003, 3:423-433.
61. Sauchyn D.J., Cruden D.M., Hu X.Q. Structural control of the morphometry of open rock basins, Kananaskis region, Canadian Rocky Mountains. Geomorphology 1998, 22:313-324.
62. Scarascia Mugnozza G., Bianchi Fasani G., Esposito C., Martino S., Saroli M., Di Luzio E., Evans S.G. Rock avalanche and mountain slope deformation in a convex dip slope: the case of the Maiella Massif, Central Italy. NATO Science Series IV 2006, v. 49:357-376. Springer, Dordrecht. S.G. Evans, G. Scarascia-Mugnozza, A.L. Strom, R.L. Hermanns (Eds.).
63. Scheidegger A.E. On the prediction of the reach and velocity of catastrophic landslides. Rock Mechanics 1973, 5:231-236.
64. Schoneich P., Dorthe-Monachon C., Jaillet S., Ballandras S. Le retrait glaciaire dans les Préalpes et les Alpes au Tardiglaciaire. Bull. d'Ét. Préhist. et alpines de la vallée d'Aoste 1998, IX:23-37.
65. Seijmonsbergen A.C., Woning M.P., Verhoef P.N.W., de Graaf L.W.S. The failure mechanism of a Late Glacial Sturzstrom in the Subalpine Molasse (Leckner Valley, Voralberg, Austria). Geomorphology 2005, 66:277-286.
66. Semenza E., Ghirotti M. History of 1963 Vaiont Slide: the importance of the geological factors to recognise the ancient landslide. Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment 2000, 59:87-97.
67. Sørensen S., Bauer B. On the dynamics of the Köfels sturzstrom. Geomorphology 2003, 54:11-19.
68. Stead D., Eberhardt E. Developments in the analysis of footwall slopes in surface coal mining. Engineering Geology 1997, 46:41-61.
69. Steck A. Structures et deformations tertiaries dans les Alpes centrales. Eclogae Geologicae Helvetiae 1984, 77:55-100.
70. Tommasi P., Verrucci L., Campedel P., Veronese L., Pettinelli E., Ribacchi R. Buckling of high natural slopes: the case of Lavini di Marco (Trento-Italy). Engineering Geology 2009, 109(1-2):93-108.
71. Travelletti J., Demand J., Jaboyedoff M., Marillier F. Mass movement characterization using a reflexion and refraction seismic survey with the sloping local base level concept. Geomorphology 2010, 116:1-10.
72. Ui T., Yamamoto H., Suzuki-Kamata K. Characterization of debris avalanche deposits in Japan. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 1986, 29:231-243.
73. Ustaszewski M., Pfiffner O.A. Neotectonic faulting, uplift and seismicity in the Central and Western Swiss Alps. Geological Society of London Special Publication 2008, 298:231-249. S. Sigmund (Ed.).
74. Vinard P., Blümling P., McCord J.P., Aristorenas G. Evaluation of hydraulic under pressures at Wellenberg, Switzerland. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences & Geomechanics Abstracts 1993, 30:1143-1150.
75. von Poschinger A. Large rockslides in the Alps: a commentary on the contribution of G. Abele (1937-1994) and a review of some recent developments. Geol. Soc. Amer. Rev. Eng. Geol. 2002, 15:237-256. S.G. Evans, J.V. De Graff (Eds.).
76. Wang W.-N., Chigira M., Furuya T. Geological and geomorphological precursors of the Chiu-fen-erh-shan landslide triggered by the Chi-chi earthquake in central Taiwan. Engineering Geology 2003, 69:1-13.