Relationship of epicardial adipose tissue thickness with early indicators of atherosclerosis and cardiac functional changes in obese adolescents with metabolic syndrome

JCRPE Journal of Clinical Research in Pediatric Endocrinology

Volumn 5, Issue 3, 2013, Pages 156-163

  Akyol, Bedir ^a   Boyraz, Mehmet ^b   Aysoy, Cevriye ^c  

^a Bakirkoy Sadi Konuk Education and Research Hospital   (Turkey)

^b TURGUT OZAL UNIVERSITY   (Turkey)

^c MIDDLE EAST TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY   (Turkey)

Author keywords

Carotid intima media thickness; Epicardial adipose; Metabolic syndrome; Tissue

Indexed keywords

CHOLESTEROL; GLUCOSE; INSULIN; LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; TRIACYLGLYCEROL;

ACCELERATION; ADIPOSE TISSUE; ADOLESCENT; ADULT; ARTERIAL WALL THICKNESS; ARTICLE; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; BODY MASS; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; CHILD; CONTROLLED STUDY; DECELERATION; DIASTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURE; FEMALE; HEART LEFT VENTRICLE MASS; HEART PERFORMANCE; HUMAN; INSULIN RESISTANCE; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; METABOLIC SYNDROME X; OBESITY; RADIOIMMUNOASSAY; SYSTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURE; TISSUE DOPPLER IMAGING; TRANSTHORACIC ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY;

ABDOMINAL FAT; ADIPOSE TISSUE; ADOLESCENT; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; CAROTID INTIMA-MEDIA THICKNESS; CHILD; ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY; FEMALE; HUMANS; HYPERTROPHY, LEFT VENTRICULAR; MALE; METABOLIC SYNDROME X; OBESITY; VENTRICULAR FUNCTION, LEFT;

EID: 84884250890     PISSN: 13085727     EISSN: 13085735     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.4274/Jcrpe.1064     Document Type: Article

References (40)

1. Cruz ML, Goran MI. The metabolic syndrome in children and adolescents. Curr Diab Rep 2004;4:53-62.
2. Zimmet, Alberti G, Kaufman F, Tajima N, Silink M, Arslanian S, Wong G, Bennett P, Shaw J, Caprio S; International Diabetes ederation Task Force on Epidemiology and Prevention of Diabetes. Federation Task Force on Epidemiology and Prevention of Diabetes. The metabolic syndrome in children and adolescents. Lancet 2007;369:2059-2061.
3. Ahluwalia N, Drouet L, Ruidavets JB, Perret B, Amar J, Boccalon H, Hanaire-Broutin H, Ferrières J.Metabolic syndrome is associated withmarkers of subclinical atherosclerosis in a French population-based sample. Atherosclerosis 2006;186:345-353. Epub 2005 Aug 29
4. Iglseder B, Cip P, Malaimare L, Ladurner G, Paulweber B.The metabolic syndrome is a stronger risk factor for early carotid atherosclerosis in women than in men. Stroke 2005;36:1212-1217. Epub 2005 May 12
5. Zanchetti A, Hennig M, Baurecht H, Tang R, Cuspidi C, Carugo S, Mancia G. Prevalence and incidence of the metabolic syndrome in the European Lacidipine Study on Atherosclerosis (ELSA) and its relation with carotid intima-media thickness. J Hypertens 2007;25:2463-2470.
6. Gastaldelli A, Basta G: Ectopic fat and cardiovascular disease: What is the link? Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2010;20:481-490.
7. Iacobellis G, Barbaro G. The double role of epicardial adipose tissue as pro- and anti-inflammatory organ. Horm Metab Res 2008;40:442-445. Epub 2008 Mar 13.
8. Iacobellis G, Corradi D, Sharma AM Epicardial adipose tissue: Anatomic, biomolecular and clinical relationship with the heart. Nat Clin Pract Cardivasc Med 2005;2:536-543.
9. Iacobellis G, Leonetti F. Epicardial adipose tissue and insulin resistance in obese subjects. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2005;90:6300-6302. Epub 2005 Aug 9
10. Chinali M, Devereux RB, Howard BV, Roman MJ, Bella JN, Liu JE, Resnick HE, Lee ET, Best LG, de Simone G. Comparison of cardiac structure and function in American Indians with and without the metabolic syndrome (the Strong Heart Study). Am J Cardiol 2004;93:40-44.
11. Voulgari C, Moyssakis I, Papazafiropoulou A, Perrea D, Kyriaki D, Katsilambros N, Tentolouris N. The impact of metabolic syndrome on left ventricular myocardial performance. Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2010;26:121-127.
12. Cole TJ, Bellizzi MC, Flegal KM, Dietz WH. Establishing a standard definition for child overweight and obesity worldwide: international survey. BMJ 2000;320:1240-1243.
13. Hatipoglu N, Ozturk A, Mazicioglu MM, Kurtoglu S, Seyhan S, Lokoglu F. Waist circumference percentiles for 7- to 17-year-old Turkish children and adolescents. Eur J Pediatr 2008; 167:383-389. Epub 2007 May 9.
14. National High Blood Pressure Education Program Working Group on High Blood Pressure in Children and Adolescents. The fourth report on the diagnosis, evaluation, and treatment of high blood pressure in children and adolescents. Pediatrics 2004;114(Suppl 2):555-576.
15. Conwell LS, Trost SG, Brown WJ, Batch JA. Indexes of insulin resistance and secretion in obese children and adolescents: a validation study. Diabetes Care 2004;27:314-319.
16. Keskin M, Kurtoglu S, Kendirci M, Atabek ME, Yazici C Homeostasis model assessment is more reliable than the fasting glucose/insulin ratio and quantitative insulin sensitivity check index for assessing insulin resistance among obese children and adolescents. Pediatrics 2005;115:500-503.
17. Sahn DJ, De Maria A, Kisslo J, Weyman A. Recommendations regarding quantitation in M-mode echocardiography: results of a survey of echocardiographic measurements. Circulation 1978; 58:1072-1083.
18. de Simone G, Devereux RB, Wallerson DC. Echocardiographic assessment of left ventricular hypertrophy in rats using a simplified approach. Am J Hypertens 1994;7:555-558
19. Iacobellis G, Assael F, Ribaudo MC, Zappaterreno A, Alessi G, Di Mario U, Leonetti F. Epicardial fat from echocardiography: a new method for visceral adipose tissue prediction. Obes Res 2003;11:304-310.
20. Iacobellis G, Ribaudo MC, Assael F, Vecci E, Tiberti C, Zappaterreno A, Di Mario U, Leonetti F. Echocardiographic epicardial adipose tissue is related to anthropometric and clinical parameters of metabolic syndrome: a new indicator of cardiovascular risk. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2003;88:5163-5168.
21. Tounian P, Aggoun Y, Dubern B, Varille V, Guy-Grand B, Sidi D, Girardet JP, Bonnet D. Presence of increased stiffness of the common carotid artery and endothelial dysfunction in severely obese children: a prospective study. Lancet 2001;358:1400-1404.
22. Touboul PJ, Hennerici MG, Meairs S, Adams H, Amarenco P, Bornstein N, Csiba L, Desvarieux M, Ebrahim S, Fatar M, Hernandez Hernandez R, Jaff M, Kownator S, Prati P, Rundek T, Sitzer M, Schminke U, Tardif JC, Taylor A, Vicaut E, Woo KS, Zannad F, Zureik M. Mannheim carotid intima-media thickness consensus (2004-2006). Cerebrovasc Dis 2007;23:75-80. Epub 2006 Nov 14
23. Savva SC, Tornaritis M, Savva ME, Kourides Y, Panagi A, Silikiotou N, Georgiou C, Kafatos A. Waist circumference and waist-to-height ratio are better predictors of cardiovascular disease risk factors in children than body mass index. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 2000;24:1453-1458.
24. Abaci A, Tascilar ME, Saritas T, Yozgat Y, Yesilkaya E, Kilic A, Okutan V, Lenk MK. Threshold value of subepicardial adipose tissue to detect insulin resistance in obese children. Int J Obes 2009;33:440-446.
25. Lanes R, Soros A, Flores K, Gunczler P, Carrillo E, Bandel J. Endothelial function, carotid artery intima-media thickness, epicardial adipose tissue and left ventricular mass and function in growth hormone-deficient adolescents: apparent effects of growth hormone treatment on these parameters. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2005;90:3978-3982. Epub 2005 May 3
26. Mazur A, Ostański M, Telega G, Malecka-Tendera E. Is epicardial fat tissue a marker of metabolic syndrome in obese children? Atherosclerosis 2010;211:596-600. Epub 2010 Mar 4
27. Ahn SG, Lim HS, Joe DY, Kang SJ, Choi BJ, Choi SY, Yoon MH, Hwang GS, Tahk SJ, Shin JH.Relationship of epicardial adipose tissue by echocardiography to coronary artery disease. Heart 2008;94:7-13.
28. Okyay K, Balcioglu ASA, Tavil Y, Yacoy G, Torkoglu S, Abaci A. A relationship between echocardiographic subepicardial adipose tissue and metabolic syndrome. Int J Cardiac Imaging 2008;24:577-583. Epub 2008 Jan 26
29. Iacobellis G, Pistilli D, Gucciardo M, Leonetti M., Brancaccio G, Gallo P, di Gioia CR. Adiponectin expression in human epicardial adipose tissue in vivo is lower in patients with coronary artery disease. Cytokine 2005;29:251-255.
30. Aydin H, Toprak A, Deyneli O, Yazici D, Tarcin O, Sancak S, Yavuz D, Akalin S. Epicardial fat tissue thickness correlates with endothelial dysfunction and other cardiovascular risk factors in patients with metabolic syndrome. Metab Syndr Relat Disord 2010;8:229-234.
31. Natale F, Tedesco MA, Mocerino R, de Simone V, Di Marco GM, Aronne L, Credendino M, Siniscalchi C, Calabrò L., Cotrufo M, Calabrò R. Visceral adiposity and arterial stiffness: Echocardiographic epicardial fat thickness reflects, better than waist circumference, carotid arterial stiffness in a large population of hypertensives. Eur J Echocardiogr 2009;10:549-555. Epub 2009 Feb 10
32. Eroglu S, Sade LE, Yildirir A, Bal U, Ozbicer S, Ozgul AS, Bozbas H, Aydinalp A, Muderrisoglu H. Epicardial adipose tissue thickness by echocardiography is a marker for the presence and severity of coronary artery disease. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2009;19:211-217. Epub 2008 Aug 20
33. Alexopoulos N, McLean DS, Janik M, Arepalli CD, Stillman AE, Raggi P.Epicardial adipose tissue and coronary artery plaque characteristics. Atherosclerosis 2010;210:150-154. Epub 2009 Nov 20
34. Kim SK, Park SW, Kim SH, Cha BS, Lee HC, Cho YW. Visceral fat amount is associated with carotid atherosclerosis even in type 2 diabetic men with a normal waist circumference. Int J Obes Lond 2009;33:131-135.
35. Liu KH, Chan YL, Chan WB, Chan JC, Chu CW. Mesenteric fat thickness is an independent determinant of metabolic syndrome and identifies subjects with increased carotid intima-media thickness. Diabetes Care 2006;29:379-384.
36. Nelson MR, Mookadam F, Thota V, Emani U, Al Harthi M, Lester SJ, Cha S, Stepanek J, Hurst RT. Epicardial fat: An additional measurement for subclinical atherosclerosis and cardiovascular risk stratification? J Am Soc Echocardiogr 2011;24:339-345. Epub 2010 Dec 24
37. Laaban JP, Pascal-Sebaoun S, Bloch E, Orvoën-Frija E, Oppert JM, Huchon G. Left ventricular systolic dysfunction in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Chest 2002;122:1133-1138.
38. Wong CY, O'Moore-Sullivan T, Leano R, Byrne N, Beller E, Marwick TH. Alterations of left ventricular myocardial characteristics associated with obesity. Circulation 2004;110:3081-3087. Epub 2004 Nov 1.
39. Iacobellis G, Pond CM, Sharma AM. Different "weight" of cardiac and general adiposity in predicting left ventricle morphology. Obesity Silver Spring 2006;14:1679-1684.
40. Tei C, Ling LH, Hodge DO, Bailey KR, Oh JK, Rodeheffer RJ, Tajik AJ, Seward JB. New index of combined systolic and diastolic myocardial performance: a simple and reproducible measure of cardiac function--a study in normals and dilated cardiomyopathy. J Cardiol 1995;26:357-366.