메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 97, Issue , 2013, Pages 131-138

Characterization of plasma cholinesterase from the White stork (Ciconia ciconia) and its in vitro inhibition by anticholinesterase pesticides

Author keywords

Anticholinesterase insecticides; Biomarker; Cholinesterase inhibition; Ciconia ciconia; White storks

Indexed keywords

1,5 BIS(4 ALLYLDIMETHYLAMMONIUMPHENYL)PENTAN 3 ONE DIBROMIDE; ACETYLCHOLINE; ACETYLTHIOCHOLINE IODIDE; BUTYRYLCHOLINE; BUTYRYLTHIOCHOLINE; CARBAMATE PESTICIDE; CARBARIL; CARBOFURAN; CHOLINE DERIVATIVE; CHOLINESTERASE; CHOLINESTERASE INHIBITOR; ISO OMPA; ORGANOPHOSPHATE PESTICIDE; PARAOXON; PESTICIDE; PHYSOSTIGMINE; PROPIONYLTHIOCHOLINE IODIDE; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

EID: 84884201778     PISSN: 01476513     EISSN: 10902414     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2013.07.022     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (21)

References (62)
  • 2
    • 0344267683 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toxicity of carbamates to the brine shrimp Artemia salina and the effect of atropine, BW284C51, iso-OMPA and 2-PAM on carbaryl toxicity
    • Barahona M.V., Sánchez-Fortún S. Toxicity of carbamates to the brine shrimp Artemia salina and the effect of atropine, BW284C51, iso-OMPA and 2-PAM on carbaryl toxicity. Environ. Pollut. 1999, 104:469-476.
    • (1999) Environ. Pollut. , vol.104 , pp. 469-476
    • Barahona, M.V.1    Sánchez-Fortún, S.2
  • 4
    • 0025928120 scopus 로고
    • Age-dependent changes in activity of Mallard plasma cholinesterases
    • Bennett R.S., Bennett J.K. Age-dependent changes in activity of Mallard plasma cholinesterases. J. Wildlife Dis. 1991, 27(1):116-118.
    • (1991) J. Wildlife Dis. , vol.27 , Issue.1 , pp. 116-118
    • Bennett, R.S.1    Bennett, J.K.2
  • 5
    • 84884202388 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The use of White stork (Ciconia ciconia) nestlings in a biomonitoring programme for organochlorines through the region of Madrid (Spain)
    • Blázquez E., Aguirre J.I., Martínez-Haro M., Mateo R., Jiménez B. The use of White stork (Ciconia ciconia) nestlings in a biomonitoring programme for organochlorines through the region of Madrid (Spain). Organohalogen Compd. 2006, 68:2081-2084.
    • (2006) Organohalogen Compd. , vol.68 , pp. 2081-2084
    • Blázquez, E.1    Aguirre, J.I.2    Martínez-Haro, M.3    Mateo, R.4    Jiménez, B.5
  • 6
    • 84884202128 scopus 로고
    • Ostrich to ducks. In: Lynx (Ed.), Handbook of the Birds of the World. Barcelona.
    • del Hoyo, J., Elliott, A., Sargatal, J., 1992. Ostrich to ducks. In: Lynx (Ed.), Handbook of the Birds of the World. Barcelona.
    • (1992)
    • del Hoyo, J.1    Elliott, A.2    Sargatal, J.3
  • 7
    • 0016807771 scopus 로고
    • Further studies on the use of enzyme profiles to monitor residue accummulation in wildlife: plasma enzymes in starlings fed graded concentrations of morsodren, DDE, Aroclor 1254 and malathion
    • Dieter M.P. Further studies on the use of enzyme profiles to monitor residue accummulation in wildlife: plasma enzymes in starlings fed graded concentrations of morsodren, DDE, Aroclor 1254 and malathion. Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 1975, 3:142-150.
    • (1975) Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. , vol.3 , pp. 142-150
    • Dieter, M.P.1
  • 8
    • 0016654515 scopus 로고
    • Studies on combined effects of organophosphates and heavy metals in birds. Plasma and brain cholinesterase in coturnix quail fed methyl mercury and orally dosed with parathion
    • Dieter M.P., Ludke J.L. Studies on combined effects of organophosphates and heavy metals in birds. Plasma and brain cholinesterase in coturnix quail fed methyl mercury and orally dosed with parathion. Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 1975, 13:257-262.
    • (1975) Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. , vol.13 , pp. 257-262
    • Dieter, M.P.1    Ludke, J.L.2
  • 9
  • 10
    • 0003364459 scopus 로고
    • Organophosphorus pesticides
    • CRC Press, Inc., Ohio
    • Eto M. Organophosphorus pesticides. Organic and Biological Chemistry 1974, CRC Press, Inc., Ohio.
    • (1974) Organic and Biological Chemistry
    • Eto, M.1
  • 11
    • 0040121529 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cholinesterase-inhibiting pesticides
    • Iowa State University Press, Ames, A. Fairbrother, L.N. Locke, G.L. Hoff (Eds.)
    • Fairbrother A. Cholinesterase-inhibiting pesticides. Noninfectious Diseases of Wildlife 1996, 52-60. Iowa State University Press, Ames. A. Fairbrother, L.N. Locke, G.L. Hoff (Eds.).
    • (1996) Noninfectious Diseases of Wildlife , pp. 52-60
    • Fairbrother, A.1
  • 12
    • 62249132248 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Plasma cholinesterase characteristics in native Australian birds: significance for monitoring avian species for pesticide exposure
    • Fildes K.J., Szabo J.K., Hooper M., Buttemer W.A., Astheimer L. Plasma cholinesterase characteristics in native Australian birds: significance for monitoring avian species for pesticide exposure. Emu: Austral Ornithology 2009, 109(1):41-47.
    • (2009) Emu: Austral Ornithology , vol.109 , Issue.1 , pp. 41-47
    • Fildes, K.J.1    Szabo, J.K.2    Hooper, M.3    Buttemer, W.A.4    Astheimer, L.5
  • 13
    • 0026147007 scopus 로고
    • Poisoning of canada geese in Texas by parathion sprayed for control of russian wheat aphid
    • Flickinger E.L., Juenger G., Roffe T.J., Smith M.R., Roy J. Poisoning of canada geese in Texas by parathion sprayed for control of russian wheat aphid. J. Wildl. Dis. 1991, 27(2):265-268.
    • (1991) J. Wildl. Dis. , vol.27 , Issue.2 , pp. 265-268
    • Flickinger, E.L.1    Juenger, G.2    Roffe, T.J.3    Smith, M.R.4    Roy, J.5
  • 14
    • 0003167271 scopus 로고
    • The use of non-destructive biomarkers in the hazard assessments of vertebrate populations
    • CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, M.C. Fossi, C. Leonzio (Eds.)
    • Fossi M.C., Leonzio C., Peakall D.B. The use of non-destructive biomarkers in the hazard assessments of vertebrate populations. Nondestructive Biomarkers in Vertebrates 1994, 4-28. CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL. M.C. Fossi, C. Leonzio (Eds.).
    • (1994) Nondestructive Biomarkers in Vertebrates , pp. 4-28
    • Fossi, M.C.1    Leonzio, C.2    Peakall, D.B.3
  • 15
    • 0025925792 scopus 로고
    • Semi-automated colorimetric and enzymatic assays for aquatic organisms using microplate readers
    • Galgani F., Bocquene G. Semi-automated colorimetric and enzymatic assays for aquatic organisms using microplate readers. Water Res. 1991, 25(2):147-150.
    • (1991) Water Res. , vol.25 , Issue.2 , pp. 147-150
    • Galgani, F.1    Bocquene, G.2
  • 16
    • 0033869281 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization of cholinesterase from guppy (Poecilia reticulata) muscle and its in vitro inhibition by environmental contaminants
    • García L.M., Castro B., Ribeiro R., Guilhermino L. Characterization of cholinesterase from guppy (Poecilia reticulata) muscle and its in vitro inhibition by environmental contaminants. Biomarkers 2000, 5:274-284.
    • (2000) Biomarkers , vol.5 , pp. 274-284
    • García, L.M.1    Castro, B.2    Ribeiro, R.3    Guilhermino, L.4
  • 18
    • 0027350892 scopus 로고
    • Age-dependent changes in plasma and brain cholinesterase activities of eastern bluebirds and European starlings
    • Gard N.W., Hooper M.J. Age-dependent changes in plasma and brain cholinesterase activities of eastern bluebirds and European starlings. J. Wildl. Dis. 1993, 29:1-7.
    • (1993) J. Wildl. Dis. , vol.29 , pp. 1-7
    • Gard, N.W.1    Hooper, M.J.2
  • 19
    • 0001450303 scopus 로고
    • Species differences in haematological values of captive cranes, geese, raptors and quail
    • Gee G.F., Carpenter J.W., Hensler G.L. Species differences in haematological values of captive cranes, geese, raptors and quail. J. Wildl. Manage. 1981, 45:463-483.
    • (1981) J. Wildl. Manage. , vol.45 , pp. 463-483
    • Gee, G.F.1    Carpenter, J.W.2    Hensler, G.L.3
  • 20
    • 0032871605 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Monitoring and assessment of Swainson's hawks in Argentina following restrictions on monocrotophos use, 1996-1997
    • Goldstein M.I., Zaccagnini M.E., Parker M.L., Hooper M.J. Monitoring and assessment of Swainson's hawks in Argentina following restrictions on monocrotophos use, 1996-1997. Ecotoxicology 1999, 8:215-224.
    • (1999) Ecotoxicology , vol.8 , pp. 215-224
    • Goldstein, M.I.1    Zaccagnini, M.E.2    Parker, M.L.3    Hooper, M.J.4
  • 21
    • 0030032490 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inhibition of acetylcholinesterase activity as effect criterion in acute tests with juvenile Daphnia magna
    • Guilhermino L., Lopes M.C., Carvalho A.P., Soares A.M.V.M. Inhibition of acetylcholinesterase activity as effect criterion in acute tests with juvenile Daphnia magna. Chemosphere 1996, 32:727-738.
    • (1996) Chemosphere , vol.32 , pp. 727-738
    • Guilhermino, L.1    Lopes, M.C.2    Carvalho, A.P.3    Soares, A.M.V.M.4
  • 23
    • 0011031825 scopus 로고
    • Organophosphorus and carbamate pesticides
    • Lewis, Boca Raton, FL, D.J. Hoffman, B.A. Rattner, G.A. Burton, J. Cairns (Eds.)
    • Hill E.F. Organophosphorus and carbamate pesticides. Handbook of Ecotoxicology 1995, 243-274. Lewis, Boca Raton, FL. D.J. Hoffman, B.A. Rattner, G.A. Burton, J. Cairns (Eds.).
    • (1995) Handbook of Ecotoxicology , pp. 243-274
    • Hill, E.F.1
  • 24
    • 0345323318 scopus 로고
    • Anticholinesterase poisoning of birds: field monitoring and diagnosis of acute poisoning
    • Hill E.F., Fleming W.J. Anticholinesterase poisoning of birds: field monitoring and diagnosis of acute poisoning. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 1982, 1:27-38.
    • (1982) Environ. Toxicol. Chem. , vol.1 , pp. 27-38
    • Hill, E.F.1    Fleming, W.J.2
  • 25
    • 0021640575 scopus 로고
    • Toxicity of anticholinesterase insecticides to birds: technical grade versus granular formulations
    • Hill E.F., Camardese M.B. Toxicity of anticholinesterase insecticides to birds: technical grade versus granular formulations. Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf. 1984, 8(6):551-563.
    • (1984) Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf. , vol.8 , Issue.6 , pp. 551-563
    • Hill, E.F.1    Camardese, M.B.2
  • 26
    • 0024476275 scopus 로고
    • Organophosphorus insecticide exposure in hawks inhabiting orchards during winter dormant-spraying
    • Hooper P.J., Detrich C.P., Weissko P.F., Wilson B.W. Organophosphorus insecticide exposure in hawks inhabiting orchards during winter dormant-spraying. Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 1989, 42:651-659.
    • (1989) Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. , vol.42 , pp. 651-659
    • Hooper, P.J.1    Detrich, C.P.2    Weissko, P.F.3    Wilson, B.W.4
  • 27
    • 0015386201 scopus 로고
    • Effect of age on sensitivity: acute oral toxicity of 14 pesticides to mallard ducks of several ages
    • Hudson R.H., Tucker R.K., Haegele M.A. Effect of age on sensitivity: acute oral toxicity of 14 pesticides to mallard ducks of several ages. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 1972, 22:556-561.
    • (1972) Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. , vol.22 , pp. 556-561
    • Hudson, R.H.1    Tucker, R.K.2    Haegele, M.A.3
  • 29
    • 0035227935 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hematological, protein electrophoresis and cholinesterase values of free-living nestling peregrine falcons in Spain
    • Lanzarot M.P., Montesinos A., San AndreD́s M.I., Rodrigues C., Barahona M.V. Hematological, protein electrophoresis and cholinesterase values of free-living nestling peregrine falcons in Spain. J. Wildl. Dis. 2001, 37:172-177.
    • (2001) J. Wildl. Dis. , vol.37 , pp. 172-177
    • Lanzarot, M.P.1    Montesinos, A.2    San AndreD́s, M.I.3    Rodrigues, C.4    Barahona, M.V.5
  • 31
    • 0016440488 scopus 로고
    • Cholinesterase (ChE) response and related mortality among birds fed ChE inhibitors
    • Ludke J.L., Hill E.F., Dieter M.P. Cholinesterase (ChE) response and related mortality among birds fed ChE inhibitors. Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 1975, 3:1-21.
    • (1975) Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. , vol.3 , pp. 1-21
    • Ludke, J.L.1    Hill, E.F.2    Dieter, M.P.3
  • 32
    • 3042569104 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Age-dependent changes in plasma and brain cholinesterase activities of house wrens and European starling
    • Mayack D.T., Martin T. Age-dependent changes in plasma and brain cholinesterase activities of house wrens and European starling. J. Wildl. Dis. 2003, 39(3):627-637.
    • (2003) J. Wildl. Dis. , vol.39 , Issue.3 , pp. 627-637
    • Mayack, D.T.1    Martin, T.2
  • 33
    • 0029987754 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Monitoring exposure of nestling songbirds to agricultural application of an organophosphorus insecticide using cholinesterase activity
    • McInnes P.F., Andersen D.E., Hoff D.J., Hooper M.J., Kinkel L.L. Monitoring exposure of nestling songbirds to agricultural application of an organophosphorus insecticide using cholinesterase activity. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 1996, 15:544-552.
    • (1996) Environ. Toxicol. Chem. , vol.15 , pp. 544-552
    • McInnes, P.F.1    Andersen, D.E.2    Hoff, D.J.3    Hooper, M.J.4    Kinkel, L.L.5
  • 34
    • 30544440273 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A review and analysis of study endpoints relevant to the assessment of "long term" pesticide toxicity in avian and mammalian wildlife
    • Mineau P. A review and analysis of study endpoints relevant to the assessment of "long term" pesticide toxicity in avian and mammalian wildlife. Ecotoxicology 2005, 14:775-799.
    • (2005) Ecotoxicology , vol.14 , pp. 775-799
    • Mineau, P.1
  • 35
    • 84884207904 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • VI Spanish Census 2004 (VI Censo Nacional de Cigüeña Blanca). SEO/BirdLife.
    • Molina, B., 2005. VI Spanish Census 2004 (VI Censo Nacional de Cigüeña Blanca). SEO/BirdLife.
    • (2005)
    • Molina, B.1
  • 36
    • 0031173825 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hematological and plasma biochemical reference intervals in young White storks
    • Montesinos A., Sainz A., Pablos M.V., Mazzucchelli F., Tesouro M.A. Hematological and plasma biochemical reference intervals in young White storks. J. Wildl. Dis. 1997, 33(3):405-412.
    • (1997) J. Wildl. Dis. , vol.33 , Issue.3 , pp. 405-412
    • Montesinos, A.1    Sainz, A.2    Pablos, M.V.3    Mazzucchelli, F.4    Tesouro, M.A.5
  • 37
    • 0033624044 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential toxicity of organophosphate and carbamate insecticides in the nestling European starling (Sturnus vulgaris)
    • Parker M.L., Goldstein M.I. Differential toxicity of organophosphate and carbamate insecticides in the nestling European starling (Sturnus vulgaris). Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 2000, 39:233-242.
    • (2000) Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. , vol.39 , pp. 233-242
    • Parker, M.L.1    Goldstein, M.I.2
  • 38
    • 0034013945 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Monitoring wading bird exposure to agricultural chemicals using serum cholinesterase activity
    • Parsons K.C., Matz A.C., Hooper M.J., Porkras M.A. Monitoring wading bird exposure to agricultural chemicals using serum cholinesterase activity. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2000, 19:1317-1323.
    • (2000) Environ. Toxicol. Chem. , vol.19 , pp. 1317-1323
    • Parsons, K.C.1    Matz, A.C.2    Hooper, M.J.3    Porkras, M.A.4
  • 39
    • 0343202506 scopus 로고
    • Biomarkers of the nervous system indicators
    • Chapman & Hall, London, M.H. Depledge, B. Sanders (Eds.)
    • Peakell D. Biomarkers of the nervous system indicators. Animal Biomarkers as Pollution 1992, 19-45. Chapman & Hall, London. M.H. Depledge, B. Sanders (Eds.).
    • (1992) Animal Biomarkers as Pollution , pp. 19-45
    • Peakell, D.1
  • 40
    • 0012680978 scopus 로고
    • Influence of feeding habitat on prey capture rate and diet composition of White Stork Ciconia ciconia (L.)
    • Pinowski J., Pinowska B., de Graaf R., Visser J., Dziurdzik B. Influence of feeding habitat on prey capture rate and diet composition of White Stork Ciconia ciconia (L.). Stud. Nat. A 1991, 37:59-85.
    • (1991) Stud. Nat. A , vol.37 , pp. 59-85
    • Pinowski, J.1    Pinowska, B.2    de Graaf, R.3    Visser, J.4    Dziurdzik, B.5
  • 41
    • 0028827106 scopus 로고
    • Avian exposure to organophosphorus and carbamate pesticides on a coastal South Carolina golf course
    • Rainwater T.R., Leopold V.A., Hooper M.J., Kendall R.J. Avian exposure to organophosphorus and carbamate pesticides on a coastal South Carolina golf course. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 1995, 14:2155-2161.
    • (1995) Environ. Toxicol. Chem. , vol.14 , pp. 2155-2161
    • Rainwater, T.R.1    Leopold, V.A.2    Hooper, M.J.3    Kendall, R.J.4
  • 42
    • 84884209512 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Real Decreto 139/2011 de 4 de febrero para el desarrollo del Listado de Especies Silvestres en Régimen de Protección Especial y del Catálogo Español de Especies Amenazadas.
    • Real Decreto 139/2011 de 4 de febrero para el desarrollo del Listado de Especies Silvestres en Régimen de Protección Especial y del Catálogo Español de Especies Amenazadas.
  • 43
    • 12344275664 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Black-bellied whistling duck (Dendrocygna autumnalis) brain cholinesterase characterization and diagnosis of anticholinesterase pesticide exposure in wild populations from Mexico
    • Rendón-von Osten J., Soares A.M.V.M., Guilhermino L. Black-bellied whistling duck (Dendrocygna autumnalis) brain cholinesterase characterization and diagnosis of anticholinesterase pesticide exposure in wild populations from Mexico. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2005, 24(2):313-317.
    • (2005) Environ. Toxicol. Chem. , vol.24 , Issue.2 , pp. 313-317
    • Rendón-von Osten, J.1    Soares, A.M.V.M.2    Guilhermino, L.3
  • 45
    • 84859084240 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization of cholinesterases in plasma of three Portuguese native bird species: application to biomonitoring
    • Santos C., Monteiro M.S., Soares A.M.V.M., Loureiro S. Characterization of cholinesterases in plasma of three Portuguese native bird species: application to biomonitoring. PLoS One 2012, 7(3):e33975.
    • (2012) PLoS One , vol.7 , Issue.3
    • Santos, C.1    Monteiro, M.S.2    Soares, A.M.V.M.3    Loureiro, S.4
  • 46
    • 0030724170 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Serum "B" esterases as a nondestructive biomarker for monitoring the exposure of reptiles to organophosphorus insecticides
    • Sanchez J.C., Fossi M.C., Focardi S. Serum "B" esterases as a nondestructive biomarker for monitoring the exposure of reptiles to organophosphorus insecticides. Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf. 1997, 37:45-52.
    • (1997) Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf. , vol.37 , pp. 45-52
    • Sanchez, J.C.1    Fossi, M.C.2    Focardi, S.3
  • 47
    • 0031817385 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recovery of brain acetylcholinesterase and plasma cholinesterase activities in quail (Coturnix coturnix) after chlorpyriphos administration and effect of pralidoxime treatment
    • Soler-Rodriguez F., Miguez-Santiyan M.P., Reja-Sanchez A., Roncero-Cordero V., Garcia-Cambero J.P. Recovery of brain acetylcholinesterase and plasma cholinesterase activities in quail (Coturnix coturnix) after chlorpyriphos administration and effect of pralidoxime treatment. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 1998, 17:1835-1839.
    • (1998) Environ. Toxicol. Chem. , vol.17 , pp. 1835-1839
    • Soler-Rodriguez, F.1    Miguez-Santiyan, M.P.2    Reja-Sanchez, A.3    Roncero-Cordero, V.4    Garcia-Cambero, J.P.5
  • 49
    • 0033504123 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Esterases as markers of exposure to organophosphates and carbamates
    • Thompson H.M. Esterases as markers of exposure to organophosphates and carbamates. Ecotoxicology 1999, 8:369-384.
    • (1999) Ecotoxicology , vol.8 , pp. 369-384
    • Thompson, H.M.1
  • 50
    • 0015124236 scopus 로고
    • Comparative acute oral toxicity of pesticides to six species of birds
    • Tucker R.K., Haegele M.A. Comparative acute oral toxicity of pesticides to six species of birds. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 1971, 20(1):57-65.
    • (1971) Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. , vol.20 , Issue.1 , pp. 57-65
    • Tucker, R.K.1    Haegele, M.A.2
  • 51
    • 0004316966 scopus 로고
    • U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Pesticides and Toxic Substances, Washington, DC, USA
    • Carbofuran special review technical support document 1989, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Pesticides and Toxic Substances, Washington, DC, USA.
    • (1989) Carbofuran special review technical support document
  • 52
    • 84884204653 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2004. Office of Pesticides Programs, Interim Reregistration Eligibility. Decision for Carbaryl, Available at: (accessed 4.11.2008).
    • U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2004. Office of Pesticides Programs, Interim Reregistration Eligibility. Decision for Carbaryl, p. 50. Available at: (accessed 4.11.2008). http://www.epa.gov/oppsrrd1/REDs/carbaryl_ired.pdf.
  • 53
    • 0031685196 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dynamics of haematology and blood biochemistry in free-living African Whitebacked vulture (Pseudogyps africanus) nestlings
    • van Wyk E., van der Bank H., Verdoorn G.H. Dynamics of haematology and blood biochemistry in free-living African Whitebacked vulture (Pseudogyps africanus) nestlings. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. A 1998, 120:495-508.
    • (1998) Comp. Biochem. Physiol. A , vol.120 , pp. 495-508
    • van Wyk, E.1    van der Bank, H.2    Verdoorn, G.H.3
  • 55
    • 0019373997 scopus 로고
    • Organophosphorus poisoning. Effects of selected organophosphate pesticides on plasma enzymes and brain esterases of Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica)
    • Westlake G.E., Bunyan P.J., Martin A.D., Stanley P.I., Steed L.C. Organophosphorus poisoning. Effects of selected organophosphate pesticides on plasma enzymes and brain esterases of Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica). J. Agric. Fd. Chem. 1981, 29:772-778.
    • (1981) J. Agric. Fd. Chem. , vol.29 , pp. 772-778
    • Westlake, G.E.1    Bunyan, P.J.2    Martin, A.D.3    Stanley, P.I.4    Steed, L.C.5
  • 56
    • 0019387537 scopus 로고
    • Carbamate poisoning. Effects of selected carbamate pesticides on plasma enzymes and brain esterases of Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica)
    • Westlake G.E., Bunyan P.J., Martin A.D., Stanley P.I., Steed L.C. Carbamate poisoning. Effects of selected carbamate pesticides on plasma enzymes and brain esterases of Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica). J. Agric. Food Chem. 1981, 29:779-785.
    • (1981) J. Agric. Food Chem. , vol.29 , pp. 779-785
    • Westlake, G.E.1    Bunyan, P.J.2    Martin, A.D.3    Stanley, P.I.4    Steed, L.C.5
  • 58
    • 0031802047 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Age-dependent toxicity of diazinon and terbufos in European starlings (Sturnus vulgaris) and redwinged blackbirds (Agelaius phoeniceus)
    • Wolfe M.F., Kendall R.J. Age-dependent toxicity of diazinon and terbufos in European starlings (Sturnus vulgaris) and redwinged blackbirds (Agelaius phoeniceus). Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 1998, 17:1300-1312.
    • (1998) Environ. Toxicol. Chem. , vol.17 , pp. 1300-1312
    • Wolfe, M.F.1    Kendall, R.J.2
  • 61
    • 84990461867 scopus 로고
    • Acetylcholinesterase from the horn fly (Diptera: Muscidae). In: Biochemical and Molecular Properties
    • Xu G., Bull D.L. Acetylcholinesterase from the horn fly (Diptera: Muscidae). In: Biochemical and Molecular Properties. Arch. Insect Biochem. Physiol. 1994, 27:109-121.
    • (1994) Arch. Insect Biochem. Physiol. , vol.27 , pp. 109-121
    • Xu, G.1    Bull, D.L.2
  • 62
    • 0004232308 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prentice-Hall International, New Jersey, USA
    • Zar J.H. Biostatistical Analysis 1996, Prentice-Hall International, New Jersey, USA.
    • (1996) Biostatistical Analysis
    • Zar, J.H.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.