Arab nationalism in the Twentieth Century: From triumph to despair

Arab Nationalism in the Twentieth Century: From Triumph to Despair

Volumn , Issue , 2009, Pages

  Dawisha, Adeed ^a  

^a NONE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84884104286     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: None     Document Type: Book

References (304)

1. al-Abaydah, Anis, Rashid Rida: Tarikh wa Sira (Rashid Rida: history and biography) (Tripoli: Jarrus Press, 1993).
2. 'Abd Mustafa, 'Abd al-Jabbar, Tajribat al-'Amal al-Jabhawi fi al-'Iraq Beina 1921-1958 (The experiment of oppositional work in Iraq between 1921-1958) (Baghdad: Manshurat Wizarat al-Thaqafa wa al-Funoon, 1978).
3. Abed, Shukri B., "Islam and Democracy," in Democracy, War and Peace in the Middle East. Edited by David Grantham and Mark Tessler (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1995).
4. Abu Diab, Fawzi, Lubnan wa al-Ummam al-Muttahida (Lebanon and the United Nations) (Beirut: Dar al-Nahdha al-'Arabiya, 1971).
5. Abu Jaber, Kamel, The Arab Ba'th Socialist Party: History, Ideology and Organization (Syracuse, New York: Syracuse University Press, 1966).
6. Adams, Charles C., Islam and Modernism in Egypt: A Study of the Modern Reform Movement Inaugurated by Muhammad 'Abduh (London: Oxford University Press, 1933).
7. Addi, Lahouari, "The Failure of ThirdWorld Nationalism," in Journal of Democracy, vol. 8 (October 1997).
8. Adonis and Khalida Sa'id, al-Kawakibi (Beirut: Dar al-'Ilm li al-Malayeen, 1982).
9. Aflaq, Michel, Fi Sabil al-Ba'th (For the sake of resurrection) (Beirut: Dar al-Tali' ah, 1963).
10. Ajami, Fouad, The Arab Predicament: Arab Political Thought and Practice Since 1967 (London: Cambridge University Press, 1981).
11. Ajami, Fouad, "The End of Pan-Arabism," Foreign Affairs, vol. 57, no. 2 (Winter 1978 / 79).
12. Algosaibi, Ghazi A., The 1962 Revolution in Yemen and its Impact on the Foreign Policy of the UAR and Saudi Arabia (Unpublished University of London Ph.D. Thesis, 1970).
13. 'Allush, Naji, al-Thawra wa al-Jamahir: Marahil al-Nidhal al-'Arabi wa Dawr al-Haraka al-Thawriya, 1948-1961 (The revolution and the masses: the stages of the Arab struggle and the role of the revolutionary movement, 1948-1961) (Beirut: Dar al-Tali'a li al-Tiba'a wa al-Nashr, 1973).
14. 'Ammara, Muhamed, al-A'mal al-Kamila li 'Abd al-Rahman al-Kawkibi (The complete works of 'Abd al-Rahman al-Kawkibi) (Beirut: al-Mu'asasa al-'Arabiya li al-Dirasat wa al Nashr, 1975).
15. Amos II, John W., Palestinian Resistance: Organization of a Nationalist Movement (New York: Pergamon Press, 1980).
16. Anderson, Benedict, Imagined Communities: Reflections on the Origin and Spread of Nationalism (New York: Verso, 1990).
17. Antonius, George, The Arab Awakening: The Story of the Arab National Movement (Beirut: Khayat's, 1938).
18. al-'Aqqad, 'Abbas Mahmoud, al-Fusul: Majmou'at Maqallat Adabiya wa Ijtima' iya (Chapters: a collection of literary and social writings) (Beirut: Dar al-Kitab al-'Arabi, 1967).
19. al-'Aqqad,"Misr wa al-Misriyun" (Egypt and the Egyptians) in Sawt Misr (The voice of Egypt). Edited by 'Abbas Mahmoud al-'Aqqad, et al. (Cairo: al-Hay'a al-Misriya al-'Amma li al-Kitab, 1975).
20. al-'Azm, Khalid, Mudhakirat Khalid al-'Azm, al-Mujalad al-Thani (The memoirs of Khali al-Azm, second volume) (Beirut: al-Dar al-Muttahida li al-Nashr, 1972).
21. al-Azmeh, Aziz, "Nationalism and the Arabs," in Arab Nation, Arab Nationalism. Edited by Derek Hopwood (New York: St. Martin's Press, Inc., 2000).
22. al-Baghdadi, 'Abd al-Latif, Mudhakarat 'Abd al-Latif al-Baghdadi, al-Jusi' al- Awal (Memoirs of 'Abd al-Latif al-Baghdadi, volume one) (Cairo: Al-Maktab al-Musri al-Hadith, 1977).
23. al-Barak, Fadhil, Dawr al-Jaysh al-'Iraqi fi Hukumat al-Difa' al-Watani wa al-Harb ma'a Britania sanat 1941 (The role of the Iraqi army in the national defense government and the war with Britain in 1941) (Baghdad: al-Dar al-'Arabiya li al-Tiba'a, 1979).
24. Baram, Amatzia, "Mesopotamian Identity in Ba'thi Iraq," Middle Eastern Studies, vol. 19 (October 1983).
25. Baram, Amatzia, "Neo-Tribalism in Iraq: Saddam Hussein's Tribal Policies, 1991-96," International Journal of Middle East Studies, vol. 29 (February 1997).
26. Baram, Amatzia, "Qawmiyya and Wataniyya in Ba'thi Iraq: The Search for a New Balance," Middle Eastern Studies, vol. 19 (April 1983).
27. Barnett, Michael N., Dialogues in Arab Politics: Negotiations in Regional Order (New York: Columbia University Press, 1998).
28. Basri, Mir, A'lam al-Adab fi al-'Iraq al-Hadith (Eminent men of letters in modern Iraq), two volumes (London: Dar al-Hikma, 1994).
29. Batatu, Hanna, The Old Social Classes and the Revolutionary Movements of Iraq: A Study of Iraq's Old Landed and Commercial Classes and of Its Communists, Ba'thists, and Free Officers (Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 1978).
30. Bazzi, Naji Abd al-Nabi, Suriya: Sira' al-Istiqtab; Dirasa wa Tahlil li Ahdath al-Sharq al-Awsat wa al-tadakhulat al-Duwaliya fi al-Ahdath al-Suriya, 1917-1973 (Syria: the struggle of polarization; a study and analysis of Middle Eastern affairs and international interventions in Syrian affairs, 1917-1973) (Damascus: Dar Ibn al-'Arabi, 1996).
31. Berque, Jacques, Egypt: Imperialism and Revolution (New York: Praeger, 1972).
32. Binder, Leonard, ed., Politics in Lebanon (New York: John Wiley, 1966).
33. Binder, Leonard, The Ideological Revolution in the Middle East (New York: John Wiley, 1964).
34. Birdwood, Lord, Nuri As-Said: A Study in Arab Leadership (London: Cassell, 1959).
35. Boyd, Douglas A., Broadcasting in the Arab World: A Survey of the Electronic Media in the Middle East, 2nd ed. (Ames: Iowa State University Press, 1993).
36. Brubaker, Rogers, Citizenship and Nationhood in France and Germany (Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 1992).
37. Burke, Edmund, Reflections on the Revolution in France. Edited with an introduction and notes by J. G. A. Pocock (Indianapolis: Hackett Publishing Co., 1987).
38. Bush, M. L., Renaissance, Reformation and the OuterWorld (New York: Humanities Press, 1967).
39. Chalala, Elie, "Arab Nationalism: A Bibliographical Essay," in Pan Arabism and Arab Nationalism: The Continuing Debate. Edited by Tawfic E. Farah (Boulder, Colorado: Westview Press, 1987).
40. Chejne, Anwar G., "Egyptian Attitudes Toward Pan-Arabism," Middle East Journal, vol. 11, no. 3 (Summer 1957).
41. Childers, Erskine B., The Road to Suez (London: Macgibbon and Kee, 1962).
42. Choueiri, Youssef M., Arab Nationalism: A History (Oxford: Blackwell Publishers, 2000).
43. Cleveland, William L., A History of the Modern Middle East, 2nd ed. (Boulder, Colorado: Westview Press, 2000).
44. Cleveland, William L., The Making of an Arab Nationalist: Ottomanism and Arabism in the Life and Thought of Sati' al-Husri (Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 1971).
45. Cobban, Helena, The Palestinian Liberation Organization: People, Power and Politics (London: Cambridge University Press, 1984).
46. Coury, Ralph M., "Who 'Invented' Egyptian Arab Nationalism? Part 1," International Journal of Middle East Studies, vol. 14 no. 3 (August 1982).
47. Coury, Ralph M., "Who Invented Egyptian Arab Nationalism?, Part 2," International Journal of Middle East Studies, vol. 14, no. 4 (November 1982).
48. Dahbour, Omar and Micheline R. Ishay, eds., The Nationalism Reader (Atlantic Heights, New Jersey: Humanities Press, 1995).
49. Danielson, Virginia, "Performance, Political Identity and Memory: Umm Kulthum and Gamal 'Abd al-Nasir," in Images of Enchantment: Visual and Performing Arts of the Middle East. Edited by Sherifa Zuhur (Cairo: The American University in Cairo Press, 1998).
50. Danielson, Virginia, The Voice of Egypt: Umm Kulthum, Arabic Song and Egyptian Society in the Twentieth Century (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1997).
51. Dann, Uriel, King Hussein and the Challenge of Arab Radicalism: Jordan, 1955- 1967 (New York: Oxford University Press, 1989).
52. Dann, Uriel, Studies in the History of Transjordan, 1920-1949: The Making of a State (Boulder, Colorado: Westview Press, 1984).
53. al-Darraji, 'Abd al-Razzak 'Abd, Ja'far Abu al-Timman wa Dawrahu fi al-Haraka al-Wataniya fi al-'Iraq (Ja'far Abu al-Timman and his role in the Iraqi national movement) (Baghdad: Wizarat al-Thaqafa wa al-Funoon, 1978).
54. Dawisha, Adeed, "Anti-Americanism in the Arab World: Memories of the Past in the Attitudes of the Present," in Anti-Americanism in the Third World. Edited by Alvin Z. Rubinstein and Donald E. Smith (New York: Praeger, 1985).
55. Dawisha, Adeed, Egypt in the ArabWorld: The Elements of Foreign Policy (London: Macmillan, 1976).
56. Dawisha, Adeed," 'Identity' and Political Survival in Saddam's Iraq," Middle East Journal, vol. 53, no. 4 (Autumn 1999).
57. Dawisha, Adeed, "Jordan in the Middle East: The Art of Survival," in The Shaping of an Arab Statesman: Abd al-Hamid Sharaf and the Modern Arab World. Edited by Patrick Seale (London: Quartet Books, 1983).
58. Dawisha, Adeed, "Nation and Nationalism: Historical Antecedents to Contemporary Debates," International Studies Review, vol. 4, no. 1 (Spring 2002).
59. Dawisha, Adeed, "Perceptions, Decisions, and Consequences in Foreign Policy: The Egyptian Intervention in the Yemen," Political Studies, vol. 25 no. 2 (June 1977).
60. Dawisha, Adeed, Syria and the Lebanese Crisis (London: Macmillan, 1980).
61. Dawisha, Adeed, "The Assembled State: Communal Conflicts and Governmental Control in Iraq," in Ethnic Conflict and International Politics in the Middle East. Edited by Leonard Binder (Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 1999).
62. Dawisha, Karen, Soviet Foreign Policy Towards Egypt (London: Macmillan, 1979).
63. Dawn, C. Ernest, From Ottomanism to Arabism: Essays on the Origins of Arab Nationalism (Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1973).
64. Dawn, C. Ernest, "The Origins of Arab Nationalism," in The Origins of Arab Nationalism. Edited by Rashid Khalidi, Lisa Anderson, Muhamed Muslih, and Reeva S. Simon (New York: Columbia University Press, 1991).
65. Dessouki, 'Ali E. Hillal, al-Siyasa wa al-Hukum fi Misr: al-'Ahd al Birlimani, 1923-1952 (Politics and rule in Egypt: the parliamentary era, 1923-1945) (Cairo: Maktabat Nahdhat al-Sharq, 1977).
66. Dessouki, Ali E. Hillal, "The New Arab Political Order: Implications for the 1980s," in Rich and Poor States in the Middle East: Egypt and the New Arab Order. Edited by Malcolm H. Kerr and El-Sayed Yassin (Boulder, Colorado: Westview Press, 1982).'
67. Dessouki, Ali E. Hillal, "The Primacy of Economics: The Foreign Policy of Egypt," in The Foreign Policies of Arab States. Edited by Bahgat Korany and Ali E. Hillal Dessouki (Boulder, Colorado: Westview Press, 1988).
68. Deutsch, Karl W., Nationalism and Social Communication, 2nd ed. (Cambridge, Massachusetts: MIT Press, 1966).
69. Devlin, John, "The Baath Party: Rise and Metamorphosis," The American Historical Review, vol. 96, no. 5 (December 1991).
70. Devlin, John, The Ba'th Party: A History from its Origins to 1966 (Stanford, California: Hoover Institution Press, 1976).
71. Dimashqiya, Nadim, Mahattat fi Hayati al-Diblomasiya: Dhikrayat fi al-Siyasa wa al-'Ilaqat al-Duwaliya (Stations in my diplomatic life: memoirs of politics and international relations) (Beirut: Dar al-Nahar li al-Nashr, 1995).
72. Eden, Anthony, Full Circle (London: Cassell, 1960).
73. Eisenhower, Dwight D., The White House Years, vol. 2: Waging Peace (New York: Doubleday, 1965).
74. Eppel, Michael, The Palestine Conflict in the History of Modern Iraq: The Dynamics of Involvement, 1928-1948 (London: Frank Cass, 1994).
75. Farag, E. S., Nasser Speaks: Basic Documents (London: The Morssett Press, 1972).
76. al-Fatah, Fikrat 'Abd, Siyasat al-'Iraq al-Kharijiya fi al-Mintaqa al-'Arabiya, 1953-1958 (Iraq's foreign policy in the Arab region, 1953-1958) (Baghdad: Wizarat al-Thaqafa wa al-I'lam, 1981).
77. Frankland, N. and V. King, eds., Documents on International Affairs, 1956 (London: Oxford University Press, 1959).
78. Gallman, Waldeman J., Iraq Under General Nuri: My Recollections of Nuri al-Sa'id, 1954-1958 (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1964).
79. Gawhar, Samir, al-Samitun Yatakalamun: 'Abd al-Nasir wa Madhbahat al-Ikhwan (The silent speak: Abd al-Nasir and the massacre of the [Muslim] brothers) (Cairo: al-Maktab al-Misri al-Hadith, 1975).
80. Gellner, Ernest, Nations and Nationalism (Ithaca, New York: Cornell University Press, 1983).
81. Gershoni, Israel and James P. Jankowski, Egypt, Islam and the Arabs: The Search for Egyptian Nationhood, 1900-1930 (New York: Oxford University Press, 1986).
82. Gershoni, Israel, "Print Culture, Social Change and the Process of Redefining Imagined Communities in Egypt," International Journal of Middle East Studies, vol. 31, no. 1 (February 1999): 82.
83. Gershoni, Israel, Redefining the Egyptian Nation, 1930-1945 (London: Cambridge University Press, 1995).
84. Gerth, H. H. and Mills, C. Wright, eds., From Max Weber: Essays in Sociology (London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1948).
85. al-Ghani, Mustafa 'Abd, " 'Abd al-Nasir wa al-Muthaqafun" ('Abd al-Nasir and the intellectuals), al-Mustaqbal al-'Arabi, no. 262 (December 2000).
86. Gibb, H.A.R., Islamic Society and the West: A Study of the Impact of Western Civilization on Moslem Culture (London: Oxford University Press, 1950).
87. Greenfeld, Liah, Nationalism: Five Roads to Modernity (Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 1992).
88. Gubser, Peter, Politics and Change in al-Karak, Jordan: A Study of a Small Arab Town and Its District (London: Oxford University Press, 1973).
89. Haim, Sylvia, ed., Arab Nationalism: An Anthology (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1962).
90. al-Hakim, Tawfiq, 'Awdat al-Ruh (The return of the soul) (Beirut: Dar al-Kitab al-Lubnani, 1974).
91. Hamroush, Ahmad, "Fikrat al-Qawmiya al-'Arabiya fi Thawrat Yuliyu," (Arab nationalist thought in the July revolution) in Misr wa al-'Uruba wa Thwrat Yuliyu (Egypt, Arabism and the July revolution). Edited by Sa'ad al-Din Ibrahim (Beirut: Markaz Dirasat al-Wuhda al-'Arabiya, 1983).
92. Hamroush, Ahmad, Qissat Thawrat 23 Yuliyu: 'Abd al-Nasir wa al-'Arab, al-Jusi' al-Rabi' (The story of the July 23 revolution: 'Abd al-Nasir and the Arabs, volume 4) (Cairo: Dar al-Mawqif al-'Arabi, 1983).
93. Hamroush, Ahmad, Qissat Thawrat 23 Yuliyu: Kharif 'Abd al-Nasir, al-Jusi' al-Khamis (The story of the July 23 revolution: the autumn of 'Abd al-Nasir, volume 5) (Cairo: Maktabat Madbuli, 1984).
94. al-Hasani, Abd al-Razzak, Tarikh al-Wizarat al-'Iraqiya, al-Jusi' al-Thalith, 1930-1933 (The history of Iraqi cabinets, vol. 3, 1930-1933) (Baghdad: Dar al-Shu'un al-Thaqafiya al-'Amma, 1988).
95. Hastings, Adrian, The Construction of Nationhood: Ethnicity, Religion, and Nationalism (Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press, 1997).
96. Hart, Alan, Arafat: A Political Biography (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1984).
97. Heikal, Muhamed Hasaneen, Ma Alathi Jara fi Suriya (What happened in Syria) (Cairo, Egypt: al-Dar al-Qawmiya li al-Tiba'a wa al-Nashr, 1962).
98. Heikal, Muhamed Hasaneen, Nasser: The Cairo Documents (London: New English Library, 1972).
99. Heikal, Muhamed Hasaneen, The Road to Ramadan (London: Collins, 1975).
100. Heikal, Muhamed Hasaneen, Sphinx and Commissar: The Rise and Fall of Soviet Influence in the Arab World (London: Collins, 1978).
101. Helms, Christine Moss, Iraq: Eastern Flank of the Arab World (Washington, D.C.: The Brookings Institution, 1984).
102. Hinnebusch, Raymond A., Authoritarian Power and State Formation in Ba'thist Syria: Army, Party, and Peasant (Boulder, Colorado: Westview Press, 1990).
103. Holborn, Hajo, A History of Modern Germany, 1648-1840 (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1966).
104. Hourani, Albert, A History of the Arab Peoples (New York:Warner Books, 1991).
105. Hourani, Albert, Arabic Thought in the Liberal Age. 1798-1939 (London: Oxford University Press, 1970).
106. Hourani, Albert, "The Arab Awakening Forty Years After," in Albert Hourani, The Emergence of the Modern Middle East (London: Macmillan, 1981).
107. Hourani, Cecil A., "The Arab League in Perspective," Middle East Journal, vol. 1, no. 2, (April 1947).
108. Howard, Michael, The Lessons of History (New Haven, Connecticut: Yale University Press, 1991).
109. Hudson, Michael C., Arab Politics: The Search for Legitimacy (New Haven, Connecticut: Yale University Press, 1977).
110. Hudson, Michael C., The Precarious Republic: Modernization in Lebanon (New York: Random House, 1968).
111. Humphreys, R. Stephen, Between Memory and Desire: The Middle East in a Troubled Age (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1999).
112. Husayn, Taha, Mustaqbal al-Thaqafa fi Misr (The future of culture in Egypt) (Cairo: al-Hay'a al- 'Amma li al-Kutab, 1993).
113. Hussein I, His Majesty King, Uneasy Lies the Head (New York: Bernard Geis Associates, 1962).
114. al-Husri, K., "The Iraqi Revolution of July 14, 1958," Middle East Forum, vol. 41 (1965).
115. al-Husri, Abu Khaldun Sati', Abhath Mukhtara fi al-Qawmiya al-'Arabiya (Selected studies on Arab nationalism) (Beirut: Markaz Dirasat al-Wuhda al-'Arabiya, 1985).
116. al-Husri, Abu Khaldun Sati, Ara' wa Ahadith fi al-Qawmiya al-'Arabiya (Views and discussions on Arab nationalism) (Beirut: Dar al-'Ilm li al-Malayeen, 1964).
117. al-Husri, Abu Khaldun Sati, Ara'a wa Ahadith fi al-Wataniya wa al-Qawmiya (Views and discussions on patriotism and nationalism) (Beirut: Markaz Dirasat al-Wuhda al-'Arabiya, 1984).
118. al-Husri, Abu Khaldun Sati, Ma Hiya al-Qawmiya: Abhath wa Dirasat 'ala Dhaw'i al-Ahdath wa al- Nadhariyat (What is nationalism?: enquiries and studies in light of events and theories) (Beirut: Dar al-'Ilm li al-Malayeen, 1963).
119. al-Husri, Abu Khaldun Sati, Muhadharat fi Nushu' al-Fikra al-Qawmiya (Lectures on the emergence of the national idea) (Beirut: Markaz Dirasat al-Wuhda Al-'Arabiya, 1985).
120. al-Husri, Abu Khaldun Sati, Safahat min al-Madhi al-Qarib (Pages from recent history) (Beirut: Markaz Dirasat al-Wuhda al-'Arabiya, 1984).
121. al-Husri, Abu Khaldun Sati, al-'Uruba Awalan (Arabism first) (Beirut: Dar al-'Ilm li al-Malayeen, 1965).
122. Hutchinson, John, Dynamics of Cultural Nationalism: The Gaelic Revival and the Creation of the Irish Nation-State (London: Allen and Unwin, 1989).
123. Ibrahim, Sa'ad al-Din, "Thawrat Yuliyu wa I'adat Tafsir al-Tarikh" (The July revolution and the reassessment of history), in Misr wa al-'Uruba wa Thawrat Yuliyu (Egypt, Arabism and the July revolution). Edited by Sa'ad al-Din Ibrahim, et al. (Beirut: Markaz Dirasat al-Wuhda al-'Arabiya, 1983), p.13.
124. al-Jamali, Muhamed Fadhil, Safahat min Tarikhina al-Mu'asir (Pages from our contemporary history) (Cairo: Dar Su'ad al-Sabah, 1993).
125. Jankowski, James, "The Government of Egypt and the Palestine Question, 1936-1939," Middle Eastern Studies, vol. 17, no. 4 (October 1981).
126. Jankowski, James, and Israel Gershoni, Rethinking Nationalism in the Middle East (New York: Columbia University Press, 1997).
127. Jawahiri, Muhamed Mahdi al-, Dhikrayati (My memoirs) (Damascus: Dar al- Rafidayn, 1988).
128. Joesten, Joachim, Nasser: The Rise to Power (Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Press Publishers, 1974).
129. Kader, Haytham A., The Syrian Social Nationalist Party: Its Ideology and Early History (Beirut: n.p., 1990).
130. al-Karim, Ahmad 'Abd, Hisad: Sineen Khasba wa Thimar Mura (Harvest: fertile years and bitter fruit) (Beirut: Bisan li al-Nashr wa al-Tawzi', 1994).
131. Karsh, Efraim and Irani, Empires of the Sand: The Struggle for Mastery in the Middle East, 1789-1923 (Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 1999).
132. Karsh, Efraim, "Myth in the Desert, or Not the Great Arab Revolt," Middle Eastern Studies, vol. 33, no. 3 (July 1997).
133. Karsh, Efraim, "Reflections on Arab Nationalism," Middle Eastern Studies, vol. 32, no. 4, (October 1996).
134. Kayali, Hasan, Arabs and Young Turks: Ottomanism, Arabism and Islamism in the Ottoman Empire, 1908-1918 (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1997).
135. Kazziha, Walid, "al-Qawmiya al-'Arabiya fi Marhalat ma bayn al-Harbayn al- 'Alamiyatayn," (Arab nationalism in the period between the two World Wars) al-Mustaqbal al-'Arabi, no. 5 (January 1979).
136. Kedourie, Elie, Arabic Political Memoirs and Other Studies (London: Frank Cass, 1974).
137. Kedourie, Elie, Democracy and Arab Political Culture (Washington, D.C.: TheWashington Institute, 1992).
138. Kedourie, Elie, Nationalism (London: Hutchinson University Library, 1961).
139. Kedourie, Elie, "The Bludan Congress on Palestine, 1937," Middle Eastern Studies, vol. 17, no. 1, (January 1981).
140. Kelidar, Abbas, "A Quest for Identity," Middle Eastern Studies, vol. 33, no. 2 (April 1997).
141. Kerr, Malcolm H., Islamic Reform: The Political and Legal Theories of Muhammad 'Abduh and Rashid Rida (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1966).
142. Kerr, Malcolm H., The Arab Cold War, 1958-1970 (London: Oxford University Press, 1971).
143. Kessler, Martha Neff, Syria: Fragile Mosaic of Power (Washington D.C.: National Defense University Press, 1987).
144. Khadduri, Majid, Political Trends in the ArabWorld: The Role of Ideas and Ideals in Politics (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins Press, 1970).
145. Khadduri, Majid, Republican Iraq: A Study in Iraqi Politics Since the Revolution of 1958 (London: Oxford University Press, 1969).
146. Khadduri, Majid, "The Scheme of Fertile Crescent Unity: A Study in Inter-Arab Relations," in The Near East and the Great Powers. Edited by Richard N. Frye (Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 1951).
147. Khadduri, Walid, "Al-Qawmiya al-'Arabiya wa al-Dimuqratiya: Muraja'a Naqdiya" (Arab nationalism and democracy: a critical review), Al-Mustaqbal al-'Arabi, no. 228, (February 1998).
148. Khalidi, Rashid, "Arab Nationalism: Historical Problems in the Literature," American Historical Review, vol. 96, no. 5 (December 1991).
149. Khalidi, Rashid, Palestinian Identity: The Construction of Modern National Consciousness (New York: Columbia University Press, 1997).
150. Khalidi, Rashid, Lisa Anderson, Muhammad Muslih, and Reeva S. Simon, eds. The Origins of Arab Nationalism (New York: Columbia University Press, 1991).
151. Khalidi, Walid, "Thinking the Unthinkable: A Sovereign Palestinian State," Foreign Affairs, vol. 56, no. 4 (July 1978).
152. Khoury, Philip S., "Continuity and Change in Syrian Political Life: The Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries," The American Historical Review, vol. 96, no. 5 (December 1991).
153. Khoury, Philip S., Syria and the French Mandate: The Politics of Arab Nationalism, 1920-1945 (Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 1987).
154. Khoury, Philip S., Urban Notables and Arab Nationalism: The Politics of Damascus, 1860-1920 (London: Cambridge University Press, 1983).
155. Kienle, Eberhard, "Arab Unity Schemes Revisited: Interest, Identity, and Policy in Syria and Egypt," International Journal of Middle East Studies, vol. 27, no. 1 (February 1997).
156. Kirk, George, "The Arab Awakening Reconsidered," Middle Eastern Affairs, vol. 13, no. 6, (June-July 1962).
157. Kohn, Hans, "Arendt and the Character of German Nationalism," The American Historical Review, vol. LIV, no. 4 (July 1949).
158. Kohn, Hans, Nationalism: Its Meaning and History (Princeton, New Jersey: D. Van Nostrand Company, Inc., 1955).
159. Kohn, Hans, Prelude to Nation-States: The French and German Experience, 1789-1815 (London: D. Van Nostrand Company, Inc., 1967).
160. Kohn, Hans, The Ideas of Nationalism: A Study in Its Origins and Background (New York: Macmillan, 1944).
161. Kramer, Martin, Arab Awakening and Islamic Revival: The Politics of Ideas in the Middle East (New Brunswick, New Jersey: Transaction Publishers, 1996).
162. Kramer, Martin, Islam Assembled: The Advent of the Muslim Congresses (New York: Columbia University Press, 1986).
163. Lacouture, Jean, Nasser: A Biography (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1973).
164. Landau, Jacob M., The Politics of Pan-Islam: Ideology and Organization (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1990).
165. Landis, Joshua, "Syria and the Palestine War: Fighting King 'Abdullah's 'Greater Syria Plan'," in The War for Palestine: Rewriting the History of 1948. Edited by Eugene L. Rogan and Avi Shlaim (Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press, 2001).
166. Lesch, Ann Mosely, Arab Politics in Palestine, 1917-1939: The Frustration of a National Movement (Ithaca, New York: Cornell University Press, 1979).
167. Lewis, Bernard, The Middle East and the West (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1964).
168. Lewis, Bernard, The Multiple Identities of the Middle East (New York: Schocken Books, 1998).
169. Lipsky, G. A., et al., Saudi Arabia (New Haven, Connecticut: Hraf Press, 1959).
170. Little, Tom, Modern Egypt (New York: Praeger, 1967).
171. Longrigg, Stephen Hemsley, Syria and Lebanon Under French Mandate (London: Oxford University Press, 1958).
172. Love, Kennet, Suez: The Twice Fought War (New York: McGraw Hill, 1969).
173. Lustick, Ian S., "The Absence of Middle Eastern Great Powers: Political 'Backwardness' in Historical Perspective," International Organization, vol. 51, no. 4 (Autumn 1997).
174. Lukitz, Liona, Iraq: The Search for National Identity (London: Frank Cass, 1995).
175. Lukitz, Liona, "The Antonius Papers and The Arab Awakening Fifty Years On," Middle Eastern Studies, vol. 30, no 4, (October 1994).
176. Madani, Suleiman al-, Ha'ula' . . . Hakamu Suriya, 1918-1970 (Those who ruled Syria, 1918-1970) (Damascus: Dar al Anwar, 1996).
177. Makiya, Kanan, Republic of Fear: The Politics of Modern Iraq, updated ed. (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1998).
178. Mansfield, Peter, Nasser's Egypt (Harmondsworth, Surrey: Penguin Books, 1965).
179. Ma'oz, Moshe, "Attempts to Create a Political Community in Modern Syria," in Middle Eastern Politics and Ideas: A History from Within. Edited by Ilan Pappe and Moshe Ma'oz (London: Tauris Academic Studies, 1997).
180. Mare'i, Sayed, Awraq Siyasiya (Political papers) (Cairo: al-Maktab al-Misri al- Hadith, 1978).
181. Marr, Phebe, "The Development of a Nationalist Ideology in Iraq, 1920-1941," The Muslim World, vol. 75, no. 2 (April 1985).
182. Marr, Phebe, The Modern History of Iraq (Boulder, Colorado: Westview Press, 1985).
183. Matar, Fuad, Bisaraha 'An 'Abd al-Nasir: Hiwar ma'a Muhamed Hasaneen Haykal (Candidly about 'Abd al-Nasir: a conversation with Muhamed Hasaneen Haykal) (Beirut: Dar al-Qadhaya, 1975).
184. Matar, Jamil, and 'Ali al-Din Hillal, Al-Nidham al-Iqlimi al-'Arabi: Dirasa fi al- 'Ilaqat al-Siyasia al-'Arabiya (The Arab regional system: a study in Arab political relations) (Beirut: Markaz Dirasat al-Wuhda al-'Arabiya, 1980).
185. Matar, Selim, al-Dhat al-Jariha: Ishkalat al-Hawiya fi al-'Iraq wa al-'Alam al- 'Aabi "al-Shirqani," (Wounded essence: problems of identity in Iraq and the "Eastern" Arab world) (Beirut: al-Mu'asasa al-'Arabiya li al-Dirasat wa al-Nashr, 1997).
186. Mill, John Stuart, "Considerations on Representative Government," in Nationalism. Edited by Omar Dahbour and K. R. Minogue (New York: Basic Books, 1967).
187. Mufti, Malik, Sovereign Creations: Pan Arabism and Political Order in Syria and Iraq (Ithaca, New York: Cornell University Press, 1996).
188. Muhamed, Su'ad Rauf, Nuri al-Sa'id wa Dawrahu fi al-Siyasa al-'Iraqiya, 1932-1945 (Nuri al-Sa'id and his role in Iraqi politics, 1932-1945) (Baghdad: Maktabat al-Yaqdha al-'Arabiya, 1988).
189. Musa, Salame, al-Mu'alafat al-Kamila, al-Mujaled al-Awal: Sanawat al-Takween (Complete works, volume one: years of formation) (Cairo: Salame Musa li al-Nashr wa al-Tawzi', 1998).
190. Musa, Salame, al-Yawm wa al-Ghad (Today and tomorrow) (Cairo: Elias An tun Elias, 1928).
191. Mushtaq, Taleb, Awraq Ayami, 1900-1956, al-Jusi' al-Awal (Papers of my days, volume one) (Beirut: Dar al-Tali'a li al-Tiba'a wa al-Nashr, 1968).
192. Muslih, Muhammad, "The Rise of Local Nationalisms in the Arab East," in The Origins of Arab Nationalism. Edited by Rashid Khalidi, et al. (New York: Columbia University Press, 1991).
193. Nadhmi, Wamidh Jamal 'Umar, "Fikr Sati' al-Husri al-Qawmi" (The nationalist thought of Sati' al-Husri), al-Mustaqbal al-'Arabi, no. 81 (November 1985).
194. al-Nahlawi, Hanafi, 'Abd al-Nasir waUmmKulthum: 'Ilaqa Khassa Jiddan ('Abd al-Nasir and Umm Kulthum: a very special relationship) (Cairo: Markaz al-Qada li al-Kitab wa al-Nashr, 1992).
195. Nakash, Yitzhak, The Shi'is of Iraq (Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 1994).
196. Nasr, Nasim and Sami Mufrij, Multaqa al-Shu'ub: aw Mujaz Tarikh Syriya wa Lubnan (The meeting of peoples: an abridged history of Syria and Lebanon) (Damascus: Matba'at al-Jami'a, n.d.).
197. Nasr, Salah, 'Abd al-Nasir wa Tajribat al-Wuhda (Abd al-Nasir and the experience of unity) (Beirut: al-Watan al-'Arabi, 1976).
198. Nasser, Premier Gamal Abdul, Egypt's Liberation: The Philosophy of the Revolution (Washington, D.C.: Public Affairs Press, 1955).
199. Nuseibeh, Hazem Zaki, The Ideas of Arab Nationalism (London: Kennikat Press, 1972).
200. Nutting, Anthony, Nasser (London: Constable, 1972).
201. Nutting, Anthony, The Arabs: A Narrative History from Muhammed to the Present (New York: The New American Library, 1964).
202. Olson, Robert W., The Ba'th and Syria, 1947-1982: The Evolution of Ideology, Party and State (Princeton, New Jersey: The Kingston Press, Inc., 1982).
203. Oren, Michael B., "A Winter of Discontent: Britain's Crisis in Jordan, December 1955-March 1956," International Journal of Middle East Studies, vol. 22 no. 2 (May 1990).
204. Petran, Tabitha, Syria (New York: Praeger, 1972).
205. Podeh, Elie, The Quest for Hegemony in the Arab World: The Struggle Over the Baghdad Pact (Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1995).
206. Porath, Yehoshua, In Search of Arab Unity: 1930-1945 (London: Frank Cass, 1986).
207. Porath, Yehoshua, The Palestinian Arab National Movement: From Riots to Rebellion (London: Frank Cass, 1977).
208. Prizel, Ilya, National Identity and Foreign Policy: Nationalism and Leadership in Poland, Russia, and Ukraine (Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press, 1998).
209. al-Qardawi, Yusuf, al-Hulul al-Mustawrada wa Kaifa Janat 'ala Ummatina (The imported solutions and how they harmed our nation) (Cairo: Maktabat Wahbeh, 1977).
210. Qasmiyya, Khayriya, Al-Hukuma al-'Arabiya fi Dimashq, 1918-1920 (The Arab government in Damascus, 1918-1920) (Cairo: Dar al-Ma'arif bi Misr, 1971).
211. Qubain, Fahim I., Crisis in Lebanon (Washington, D.C.: The Middle East Institute, 1961).
212. Qubain, Fahim I., Education and Science in the ArabWorld (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1966).
213. Rabinovich, Itamar, Syria Under the Ba'th, 1963-1966: The Army Party Symbiosis (Jerusalem: Israel Universities Press, 1972).
214. Radwan, Fathi, 72 Shahran Ma'a 'Abd al-Nasir (72 months with 'Abd al-Nasir) (Cairo: Dar al-Huriya, 1986).
215. Ramm, Agatha, Germany 1789-1919: A Political History (London: Methuen, 1967).
216. Renan, Ernest, "What is a Nation?" in Nation and Narration. Edited by Homi K. Bhabha (London: Routledge, 1990).
217. Riad, Mahmud, Mudhakirat Mahmud Riad, 1948-1978, al-Jusi' al-Thani (The memoirs of Mahmud Riad, 1948-1978, volume two) (Cairo: Dar al- Mustaqbal al-'Arabi, 1986).
218. Russell, Malcolm B., The First Modern Arab State: Syria under Faysal, 1918- 1920 (Minneapolis: Bibliotheca Islamica, 1985).
219. Rustow, Dankwart A., A World of Nations (Washington D.C., The Brookings Institution, 1967).
220. Ryan, Alan, J. S. Mill (London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1974).
221. Sadat, Anwar, In Search of Identity: An Autobiography (New York: Harper and Row, 1977), p.152.
222. Safran, Nadav, Egypt in Search of Political Community: An Analysis of the Intellectual and Political Evolution of Egypt, 1804-1952 (Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 1961).
223. Safwat, Najdat Fathi, Al-'Iraq fi Mudhakirat al-Diblumasiyeen al-Ajanib (Iraq in the memoirs of foreign diplomats) (Baghdad: Maktabat Dar al-Tarbiya, 1984).
224. Sahab, Ilyas, "Sati' al-Husri: al-Mufakir wa al-Da'iya wa al-Numudhaj," (Sati' al-Husri: the thinker, the advocate and the role model), al-Mustaqbal al- 'Arabi, no. 1 (May 1978).
225. Sa'id, 'Ali Karim, Iraq 8 Shibat 1963: Min Hiwar al-Mafahim ila Hiwar al-Dam; Muraja'at fi Dhakirat Taleb Shabib (Iraq 8 February 1963: from a dialogue over norms to a dialogue of blood; reviews in the memory of Taleb Shabib) (Beirut: Dar al-Kunuz al-Adabiya, 1999).
226. Said, Edward, Orientalism, 2nd ed. (New York: Vintage Books, 1994).
227. Salame, Ghassan, al-Siyasa al-Sa'udia al-Kharijia Mundhu 'Am 1930 (Saudi foreign policy since 1930) (Beirut: Ma'had al-Inma'i al-'Arabi, 1980).
228. Salame, Ghassan, "Inter-Arab Politics: The Return of Geography," in The Middle East: Ten Years After Camp David. Edited by William B. Quandt (Washington, D.C.: The Brookings Institution, 1988).
229. Salem, Paul, Bitter Legacy: Ideology and Politics in the Arab World (Syracuse, New York: Syracuse University Press, 1994).
230. al-Samarai', Abdallah Saloom, "Harakat al-Qawmiyeen al-'Arab wa Dawruha fi al-Wa'i al-Qawmi," (The Arab nationalist movement and its role in the national consciousness), al-Mustaqbal al-'Arabi, no. 84 (February 1986).
231. Satlof, Robert, From Abdullah to Hussein: Jordan in Transition (New York: Oxford University Press, 1994).
232. Seale, Patrick, Asad: The Struggle for the Middle East (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1988).
233. Seale, Patrick, The Struggle for Syria: A Study of Post-War Arab Politics, 1945-1958 (New Haven, Connecticut: Yale University Press, 1986).
234. Shawkat, Naji, Sira wa Dhikrayat thamaneena 'Aman, 1894-1974 (Biography and memoirs of eighty years, 1894-1974) (Baghdad: Maktabat al-Yaqdha al-'Arabiya, 1990).
235. Shazly, Saad, The Crossing of the Suez (San Francisco: American Mideast Research, 1980).
236. Sheikho, Muhamed Ismat, Suriya wa Qadhiyat Falasteen, 1920-1949 (Syria and the issue of Palestine, 1920-1949) (Damascus: Dar Qutayba, 1982).
237. Shlaim, Avi, Collusion Across the Jordan: King Abdullah, the Zionist Movement, and the Partition of Palestine (Oxford, England: Clarendon Press, 1988).
238. Shlaim, Avi, "Israel, the Great Powers, and the Middle East Crisis of 1958," Journal of Imperial and Commonwealth History, vol. 27, no. 2 (May 1999).
239. Shlaim, Avi, The IronWall: Israel and the ArabWorld (New York:W.W. Norton and Company, 2000).
240. Shwadran, Benjamin, The Power Struggle in Iraq (New York: Council for Middle Eastern Affairs Press, 1960).
241. Simon, Reeva S., Iraq Between the TwoWorldWars: The Creation and Implementation of a Nationalist Ideology (New York: Columbia University Press, 1986).
242. Simon, Reeva S., "The Teaching of History in Iraq Before the Rashid Ali Coup of 1941," Middle Eastern Studies, vol. 22, no. 1 (January 1986).
243. Sivan, Emmanuel, Radical Islam (New Haven, Connecticut: Yale University Press, 1991).
244. Smith, Anthony D., "The Nation: Invented, Imagined, Reconstructed," in Reimagining the Nation. Edited by Marjorie Ringrose and Adam J. Lerner (Buckingham, England: Open University Press, 1993).
245. Smith, Charles D., " 'Cultural Constructs' and other Fantasies: Imagined Narratives in Imagined Communities; Surrejoinder to Gershoni and Jankowski's 'Print Culture, Social Change, and the Process of Redefining Imagined Communities in Egypt,' " International Journal of Middle East Studies, vol. 31, no. 1 (February 1999).
246. Smith, Charles D., "Imagined Identities, Imagined Nationalisms: Print Culture and Egyptian Nationalism in Light of Recent Scholarship," International Journal of Middle East Studies, vol. 29, no. 4 (November 1997).
247. Snow, Peter, Hussein: A Biography (New York: Robert B. Luce, Inc., 1972).
248. Stark, Freya, Baghdad Sketches (Evanston, Illinois: Northwestern University Press, 1996).
249. Stephens, Robert, Nasser: A Political Biography (New York: Simon and Schuster, 1971).
250. al-Suwaydi, Tawfiq, Mudhakirati: Nisf Qarn min Tarikh al-'Iraq wa al-Qadhiya al-'Arabiya (My memoirs: half a century of the history of Iraq and the Arab undertaking) (Beirut: Dar al-Kitab al-'Arabi, 1969).
251. Szyliowicz, Joseph S., Education and Modernization in the Middle East (Ithaca, New York: Cornell University Press, 1973).
252. Taha, Riad, Qissat al-Wuhda wa al-Infisal: Tajribat Insan 'Arabi Khilal Ahdath 1955-1961 (The story of unity and secession: the experience of an Arab person during the events of 1955-1961) (Beirut: Dar al-Afaq al-Jadida, 1974).
253. Tahan, Muhamed Jamal, al-A'mal al-Kamila li al-Kawakibi (The complete works of al-Kawakibi) (Beirut: Markaz Dirasat al-Wuhda al-'Arabiya, 1995).
254. Tauber, Eliezer, The Emergence of the Arab Movements (London: Frank Cass, 1993).
255. Tauber, Eliezer, The Formation of Modern Syria and Iraq (London: Frank Cass, 1995).
256. Telhami, Ghada, Palestine and Egyptian National Identity (New York: Praeger, 1992).
257. Telhami, Shibley, "Power, Legitimacy, and Peace-Making in Arab Countries: The New Arabism," in Ethnic Conflicts and International Politics in the Middle East. Edited by Leonard Binder (Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 1999).
258. Telhami, Shibley, and Michael Barnett, eds., Identity and Foreign Policy in the Middle East (Ithaca, New York: Cornell University Press, 2002).
259. Terrill, W. Andrew, "The Political Mythology of the Battle of Karameh," Middle East Journal, vol. 55, no. 1 (Winter 2001).
260. Tibi, Bassam, Arab Nationalism: A Critical Enquiry (New York: St. Martin's Press, 1981).
261. Tibi, Bassam, "The Simultaneity of the Unsimultaneous: Old Tribes and Imposed Nation-States in the Modern Middle East," in Tribes and State Formation in the Middle East. Edited by Philip S. Khoury and Joseph Kostiner (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1980).
262. Trevelyan, Humphrey, The Middle East in Revolution (London: Macmillan, 1970).
263. al-Uzri, 'Abd al-Karim, Tarikh fi Dhikrayat al-'Iraq, 1930-1958 (History in memoirs of Iraq, 1930-1958) (Beirut: Markaz al-Abjadiya li al-Saf al-Taswiri, 1982).
264. Vatikiotis, P. J., "Dilemmas of Political Leadership in the Arab Middle East: The Case of the UAR," American Political Science Review, vol. 55 no. 1 (March 1961).
265. Vatikiotis, P. J., The History of Modern Egypt: From Muhammed Ali to Mubarak, 4th ed., (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1991).
266. Wallach, Janet, Desert Queen: The Extraordinary Life of Gertrude Bell (New York: Doubleday, 1996).
267. al-Wardi, 'Ali, Lamahat Ijtima'iya min Tarikh al-'Iraq al-Hadith, al-Jusi' al-Rabi', min 'Am 1914 ila 'Am 1918 (Sociological aspects of modern Iraqi history, part four, 1914-1918) (London: Dar Kufan li al-Nashr, 1992).
268. al-Wardi, Ali, Lamahat Ijtima'iya min Tarikh al-'Iraq al-Hadith, al Jusi' al-Sadis, min'Am 1920 ila 'Am 1924 (Sociological aspects of modern Iraqi history, part six, 1920-1924) (London: Dar Kofan li al-Nashr, 1992).
269. Weber, Eugene, Peasants into Frenchmen: The Modernization of Rural France, 1870-1914 (London: Chatto and Windus, 1979).
270. Weber, Max, The Theory of Social and Economic Organization. Translated by A. M. Henderson and Talcott Parsons (London: Oxford University Press, 1947).
271. Westerfield, H. B., The Instruments of American Foreign Policy (New York: Thomas Y. Crowell Company, 1963).
272. Williams, Lynn, "National Identity and the Nation State: Construction, Reconstruction and Contradiction," in National Identity. Edited by Keith Cameron (Exeter, England: Intellect, 1999).
273. Woolbert, Robert Gale, "Pan-Arabism and the Palestine Problem," Foreign Affairs, vol. 16, no. 2 (January 1938).
274. Yaghi, Ismail Ahmad, Al-'Ilaqat al-'Iraqiya al-Urdiniya, 1941-1958 (Iraqi-Jordanian relations, 1941-1958) (Cairo: Dar al-Sahwa, 1988).
275. Yapp, M. E., The Near East since the FirstWorldWar: A History to 1995, 2nd ed. (London: Longman, 1996).
276. Ziadeh, Nicola, Shamiyat: Dirasat fi al-Hadhara wa al-Tarikh (Shamiyat: studies in culture and history) (London: Riad El-Rayyes Books, 1989).
277. Zeine, Zeine Nur al-Din, Al-Sira' al-Duwaly fi al-Sharq al-Awsat wa Wiladat Dawlatai Suriya wa Lubnan (The international struggle in the Middle East and the birth of the two states of Syria and Lebanon) (Beirut: Dar al-Nahar li al-Nashr, 1977).
278. Zeine, Zeine Nur al-Din, Nushu' al-Qawmiya al-'Arabiya ma'a Dirasa Tarikhiya fi al-'Ilaqat al- 'Arabiya al-Turkiya (The emergence of Arab nationalism with a historical study of Arab-Turkish relations) (Beirut: Dar al-Nahar li al-Nashr, 1979).
279. Zinner, P. E., ed., Documents on American Foreign Relations, 1957 (New York: Harper and Brothers, 1958).
280. Al-Ahram (Cairo)
281. Al-Ba'th (Damascus)
282. Al-Hayat (Beirut, London)
283. Al-Muharir (Beirut)
284. Al-Quds al-'Arabi (London)
285. Al-Sharq al-Awsat (London)
286. Al-Thawra (Baghdad)
287. Daily Telegraph (London)
288. Egyptian Gazette (Cairo)
289. Events (London)
290. Guardian (London)
291. New York Review of Books
292. Observer (London)
293. Sunday Telegraph (London)
294. Sunday Times (London)
295. Times (London)
296. American University of Beirut, al- Watha'iq al-'Arabiya al-Siyasiya, 1967 (Arab political documents, 1967) (Beirut: AUB Press, n.d.).
297. British Broadcasting Corporation, Summary of World Broadcasts: Part IV, The Arab World, Israel, Greece, Turkey, Iran (London, various years).
298. International Institute for Strategic Studies, The Military Balance (London: IISS, various years).
299. al-Jumhuriya al-'Arabiya al-Muttahida, Mahadhir Jalsat Mubahathat al-Wuhda (Proceedings of the meetings on unity discussions) (Cairo: National Printing and Publishing House, 1963).
300. al-Jumhuriya al-'Arabiya al-Muttahida, Majmou'at Khutab wa Tasrihat wa Bayant al-Rai's 'Gamal Abd al-Nasir (The collection of the speeches, statements and communique ́s of President Gamal 'Abd al-Nasir), various volumes (Cairo: UAR, various years).
301. President Hafiz al-Asad, Speech Delivered Before a General Plenum of Local Government, July 20, 1976 (Damascus: Baath Arab Socialist Party, 1976).
302. United Arab Republic, The Charter (Cairo: Information Department, 1962).
303. United Arab Republic, President Gamal Abd al-Nasser's Speeches and Press Interviews, 1958 (Cairo: Information Department, n.d.).
304. United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Statistical Yearbook (various years).