Conversational gaze aversion for virtual agents

Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics)

Volumn 8108 LNAI, Issue , 2013, Pages 249-262

  Andrist, Sean ^a   Mutlu, Bilge ^a   Gleicher, Michael ^a  

^a University of Wisconsin   (United States)

Author keywords

conversational behavior; disclosure; Gaze aversion; intimacy; turn taking; virtual agents

Indexed keywords

CONVERSATIONAL BEHAVIOR; DISCLOSURE; GAZE AVERSION; INTIMACY; TURN-TAKING; VIRTUAL AGENT;

ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE; COMPUTER SCIENCE;

INTELLIGENT VIRTUAL AGENTS;

EID: 84883434789     PISSN: 03029743     EISSN: 16113349     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-40415-3_22     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (21)

1. Abele, A.: Functions of gaze in social interaction: Communication and monitoring. Journal of Nonverbal Behavior 10(2), 83-101 (1986)
2. Andrist, S., Pejsa, T., Mutlu, B., Gleicher, M.: Designing effective gaze mechanisms for virtual agents. In: Proceedings of the 2012 ACM Annual Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, pp. 705-714. ACM (2012)
3. Andrist, S., Pejsa, T., Mutlu, B., Gleicher, M.: A head-eye coordination model for animating gaze shifts of virtual characters. In: Proceedings of the 4th Workshop on Eye Gaze in Intelligent Human Machine Interaction, pp. 4:1-4:6. ACM (2012)
4. Argyle, M., Cook, M.: Gaze and mutual gaze. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (1976)
5. Beattie, G.W.: A further investigation of the cognitive interference hypothesis of gaze patterns during conversation. British Journal of Social Psychology 20(4), 243-248 (1981)
6. Bee, N., Wagner, J., André, E., Vogt, T., Charles, F., Pizzi, D., Cavazza, M.: Discovering eye gaze behavior during human-agent conversation in an interactive storytelling application. In: International Conference on Multimodal Interfaces and the Workshop on Machine Learning for Multimodal Interaction, pp. 9:1-9:8. ACM (2010)
7. Cassell, J., Torres, O., Prevost, S.: Turn taking vs. discourse structure: How best to model multimodal conversation. In: Machine Conversations, pp. 143-154 (1999)
8. Doherty-Sneddon, G., Phelps, F.: Gaze aversion: A response to cognitive or social difficulty? Memory & Cognition 33(4), 727-733 (2005)
9. Ehrlichman, H., Micic, D.: Why do people move their eyes when they think? Current Directions in Psychological Science 21(2), 96-100 (2012)
10. Exline, R., Gray, D., Schuette, D.: Visual behavior in a dyad as affected by interview content and sex of respondent. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 95, 201-209 (1965)
11. Garau, M., Slater, M., Bee, S., Sasse, M.: The impact of eye gaze on communication using humanoid avatars. In: Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, pp. 309-316. ACM (2001)
12. Glenberg, A.M., Schroeder, J.L., Robertson, D.A.: Averting the gaze disengages the environment and facilitates remembering. Memory & Cognition 26(4), 651-658 (1998)
13. Heylen, D., Van Es, I., Van Dijk, E., Nijholt, A., van Kuppevelt, J., Dybkjaer, L., Bernsen, N.: Experimenting with the gaze of a conversational agent. In: Proceedings of the International CLASS Workshop on Natural, Intelligent and Effective Interaction in Multimodal Dialogue Systems, pp. 93-100. Kluwer Academic Publishers (2005)
14. Kendon, A.: Some functions of gaze-direction in social interaction. Acta Psychologica 26(1), 22-63 (1967)
15. Lee, S., Badler, J., Badler, N.: Eyes alive. ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG), 637-644 (2002)
16. Moon, Y.: Intimate exchanges: Using computers to elicit self-disclosure from consumers. Journal of Consumer Research 26(4), 323-339 (2000)
17. Pelachaud, C., Bilvi, M.: Modelling gaze behavior for conversational agents. In: Rist, T., Aylett, R.S., Ballin, D., Rickel, J. (eds.) IVA 2003. LNCS (LNAI), vol. 2792, pp. 93-100. Springer, Heidelberg (2003) (Pubitemid 37181071)
18. Phelps, F.G., Doherty-Sneddon, G., Warnock, H.: Helping children think: Gaze aversion and teaching. British Journal of Developmental Psychology 24(3), 577-588 (2006)
19. Shiwa, T., Kanda, T., Imai, M., Ishiguro, H., Hagita, N.: How quickly should communication robots respond? In: Proceedings of the 3rd ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human Robot Interaction, pp. 153-160. IEEE (2008)
20. Wang, N., Gratch, J.: Don't just stare at me! In: Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. ACM (2010)
21. Wiemann, J.M., Knapp, M.L.: Turn-taking in conversations. Journal of Communication 25(2), 75-92 (1975)