Analysis of N-nitrosamines and other nitro(so) compounds in water by high-performance liquid chromatography with post-column UV photolysis/Griess reaction

Water Research

Volumn 47, Issue 14, 2013, Pages 4893-4903

  Lee, Minju ^a,b   Lee, Yunho ^b,c   Soltermann, Fabian ^b,d   von Gunten, Urs ^a,b,d  

^a EPFL   (Switzerland)

^b SWISS FEDERAL INSTITUTE OF AQUATIC SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY   (Switzerland)

^c Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST)   (South Korea)

^d ETH ZURICH   (Switzerland)

Author keywords

Griess reaction; HPLC post column reaction; N nitrosamines; N nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA); Nitro(so) compounds; Swimming pool water; Wastewater

Indexed keywords

COLUMN CHROMATOGRAPHY; DISINFECTION; EFFLUENT TREATMENT; EXTRACTION; HIGH PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY; LAKES; NITROSAMINES; PHASE SEPARATION; PHOTOLYSIS; POTABLE WATER; WASTEWATER TREATMENT;

EPA 8270 NINE NITROSAMINE MIXTURE EXCEPT FOR N-NITROSODIPHENYLAMINE; GRIESS REACTIONS; HPLC POST-COLUMN REACTION; N-NITROSODIMETHYLAMINE; NITRO(SO) COMPOUND; POOL WATER; POST-COLUMN; SWIMMING POOL WATER; UV-PHOTOLYSIS;

EFFLUENTS;

1 NITROSOPIPERIDINE; DIBUTYLNITROSAMINE; DIPROPYLNITROSAMINE; NITRITE; NITROSAMINE;

ANALYTICAL FRAMEWORK; CARCINOGEN; CHEMICAL POLLUTANT; COLORIMETRY; DISINFECTION; EFFLUENT; LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY; PHOTOLYSIS; POLLUTANT REMOVAL; POOL; WASTEWATER; WATER TREATMENT;

ARTICLE; CHEMICAL REACTION; CHLORINATION; COLORIMETRY; CONCENTRATION (PARAMETERS); EFFLUENT; GRIESS REACTION; HIGH PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY; LIMIT OF DETECTION; PHOTOLYSIS; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SCREENING; SEPARATION TECHNIQUE; SOLID PHASE EXTRACTION; SWIMMING POOL; ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION; WASTE WATER MANAGEMENT; WASTE WATER TREATMENT PLANT; WATER ANALYSIS; WATER SAMPLING;

GRIESS REACTION; HPLC POST-COLUMN REACTION; N-NITROSAMINES; N-NITROSODIMETHYLAMINE (NDMA); NITRO(SO) COMPOUNDS; SWIMMING POOL WATER; WASTEWATER;

CHROMATOGRAPHY, HIGH PRESSURE LIQUID; DIMETHYLNITROSAMINE; EQUIPMENT DESIGN; HALOGENATION; LIMIT OF DETECTION; NITROSAMINES; PHOTOLYSIS; SOLID PHASE EXTRACTION; SWIMMING POOLS; ULTRAVIOLET RAYS; WASTE WATER; WATER POLLUTANTS, CHEMICAL;

EID: 84883286502     PISSN: 00431354     EISSN: 18792448     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2013.05.031     Document Type: Article

References (39)

1. APHA, AWWA Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater 1995, American Public Health Association. American Water Works Association, Washington. nineteenth ed.
2. Bellec G., Cauvin J.M., Salaun M.C., Le Calvé K., Dréano Y., Gouérou H., Ménez J.F., Berthou F. Analysis of N-nitrosamines by high-performance liquid chromatography with post-column photohydrolysis and colorimetric detection. Journal of Chromatography A 1996, 727(1):83-92.
3. Boyd J.M., Hrudey S.E., Li X.F., Richardson S.D. Solid-phase extraction and high-performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry analysis of nitrosamines in treated drinking water and wastewater. Trends in Analytical Chemistry 2011, 30(9):1410-1421.
4. California Department of Public Health Drinking Water Notification Levels and Response Levels: an Overview 2010, Available at:. http://www.cdph.ca.gov/certlic/drinkingwater/Documents/Notificationlevels/NotificationLevels.pdf.
5. Cha W., Fox P., Nalinakumari B. High-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection for aqueous analysis of nanogram-level N-nitrosodimethylamine. Analytica Chimica Acta 2006, 566(1):109-116.
6. Charrois J.W.A., Arend M.W., Froese K.L., Hrudey S.E. Detecting N-nitrosamines in drinking water at nanogram per liter levels using ammonia positive chemical ionization. Environmental Science and Technology 2004, 38(18):4835-4841.
7. Choi J., Valentine R.L. N-nitrosodimethylamine formation by free-chlorine-enhanced nitrosation of dimethylamine. Environmental Science and Technology 2003, 37(21):4871-4876.
8. Fujioka T., Khan S.J., Poussade Y., Drewes E., Nghiem L.D. N-Nitrosamine removal by reverse osmosis for indirect potable water reuse - a critical review based on observations from laboratory-, pilot- and full-scale studies. Separation and Purification Technology 2012, 98:503-515.
9. Gerecke A.C., Sedlak D.L. Precursors of N-nitrosodimethylamine in natural waters. Environmental Science and Technology 2003, 37(7):1331-1336.
10. Glaser J.A., Foerst D.L., McKee G.D., Quave S.A., Budde W.L. Trace analyses for wastewaters. Environmental Science and Technology 1981, 15(12):1426-1435.
11. Hotchkiss J.H., Barbour J.F., Libbey L.M., Scanlan R.A. Nitramines as thermal energy analyzer positive nonnitroso compounds found in certain herbicides. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 1978, 26(4):884-887.
12. Kodamatani H., Yamazaki S., Saito K., Amponsaa-Karikari A., Kishikawa N., Kuroda N., Tomiyasu T., Komatsu Y. Highly sensitive method for determination of N-nitrosamines using high-performance liquid chromatography with online UV irradiation and luminol chemiluminescence detection. Journal of Chromatography A 2009, 1216(1):92-98.
13. Krauss M., Hollender J. Analysis of nitrosamines in wastewater: exploring the trace level quantification capabilities of a hybrid linear ion trap/orbitrap mass spectrometer. Analytical Chemistry 2008, 80(3):834-842.
14. Kulshrestha P., McKinstry K.C., Fernandez B.O., Feelisch M., Mitch W.A. Application of an optimized total N-nitrosamine (TONO) assay to pools: placing N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) determinations into perspective. Environmental Science and Technology 2010, 44(9):3369-3375.
15. Li J., Blatchley E.R. UV photodegradation of inorganic chloramines. Environmental Science and Technology 2009, 43(1):60-65.
16. MacArthur P.H., Shiva S., Gladwin M.T. Measurement of circulating nitrite and S-nitrosothiols by reductive chemiluminescence. Journal of Chromatography B 2007, 851(1):93-105.
17. Magee P.N., Barnes J.M. Carcinogenic nitroso compounds. Advances in Cancer Research 1967, 10:163-246.
18. McDonald J.A., Harden N.B., Nghiem L.D., Khan S.J. Analysis of N-nitrosamines in water by isotope dilution gas chromatography-electron ionisation tandem mass spectrometry. Talanta 2012, 99:146-154.
19. Meunier L., Canonica S., von Gunten U. Implications of sequential use of UV and ozone for drinking water quality. Water Research 2006, 40(9):1864-1876.
20. Mitch W.A., Sedlak D.L. Formation of N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) from dimethylamine during chlorination. Environmental Science and Technology 2002, 36(4):588-595.
21. Mitch W.A., Sharp J.O., Trussell R.R., Valentine R.L., Alvarez-Cohen L., Sedlak D.L. N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) as a drinking water contaminant: a review. Environmental Engineering Science 2003, 20(5):389-404.
22. Mitch W.A., Sedlak D.L. Characterization and fate of N-nitrosodimethylamine precursors in municipal wastewater treatment plants. Environmental Science and Technology 2004, 38(5):1445-1454.
23. 2 Capture 2011, 29-30.
24. Richardson S.D., Ternes T.A. Water analysis: emerging contaminants and current issues. Analytical Chemistry 2005, 77(12):3807-3838.
25. Schmidt C.K., Brauch H.J. N, N-Dimethylsulfamide as precursor for N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) formation upon ozonation and its fate during drinking water treatment. Environmental Science and Technology 2008, 42(17):6340-6346.
26. Schreiber I.M., Mitch W.A. Nitrosamine formation pathway revisited: the importance of chloramine speciation and dissolved oxygen. Environmental Science and Technology 2006, 40(19):6007-6014.
27. Schreiber I.M., Mitch W.A. Enhanced nitrogenous disinfection byproduct formation near the breakpoint: implications for nitrification control. Environmental Science and Technology 2007, 41(20):7039-7046.
28. Shah A.D., Mitch W.A. Halonitroalkanes, halonitriles, haloamides, and N-Nitrosamines: a critical review of nitrogenous disinfection byproduct formation pathways. Environmental Science and Technology 2011, 46(1):119-131.
29. Shen R., Andrews S.A. Demonstration of 20 pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) as nitrosamine precursors during chloramine disinfection. Water Research 2011, 45(2):944-952.
30. Soltermann F., Lee M., Canonica S., von Gunten U. Enhanced N-nitrosamine formation in pool water by UV irradiation of chlorinated secondary amines in the presence of monochloramine. Water Research 2013, 47(1):79-90.
31. Stals J., Barraclough C.G., Buchanan A.S. Molecular orbital interpretation of the ultra-violet absorption spectra of unconjugated aliphatic nitramines. Transactions of the Faraday Society 1969, 65:904-914.
32. Tsikas D. Analysis of nitrite and nitrate in biological fluids by assays based on the Griess reaction: appraisal of the Griess reaction in the L-arginine/nitric oxide area of research. Journal of Chromatography B 2007, 851(1-2):51-70.
33. U.S.Environmental Protection Agency Contaminant Candidate List 3 - CCL 3 2008, Available at:. http://water.epa.gov/scitech/drinkingwater/dws/ccl/ccl3.cfm.
34. von Gunten U., Salhi E., Schmidt C.K., Arnold W.A. Kinetics and mechanisms of N-nitrosodimethylamine formation upon ozonation of N,N-dimethylsulfamide-containing waters: Bromide catalysis. Environmental Science and Technology 2010, 44(15):5762-5768.
35. Walse S.S., Mitch W.A. Nitrosamine carcinogens also swim in chlorinated pools. Environmental Science and Technology 2008, 42(4):1032-1037.
36. Wang J., Chan W.G., Haut S.A., Krauss M.R., Izac R.R., Hempfling W.P. Determination of total N-nitroso compounds by chemical denitrosation using CuCl. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 2005, 53(12):4686-4691.
37. Wegelin M., Canonica S., Mechsner K., Fleischmann T., Pesaro F., Metzler A. Solar water disinfection: scope of the process and analysis of radiation experiments. Aqua 1994, 43(4):154-169.
38. Winslow S.D., Pepich B.V., Martin J.J., Hallberg G.R., Munch D.J., Frebis C.P., Hedrick E.J., Krop R.A. Statistical procedures for determination and verification of minimum reporting levels for drinking water methods. Environmental Science and Technology 2006, 40(1):281-288.
39. World Health Organization N-Nitrosodimethylamine in Drinking-water 2008, Background document for development of WHO Guidelines for Drinking-water Quality, Available at:. http://www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/dwq/chemicals/ndma_2add_feb2008.pdf.