Normative performance on the Brief Smell Identification Test (BSIT) in a multi-ethnic bilingual cohort: A project FRONTIER study

Clinical Neuropsychologist

Volumn 27, Issue 6, 2013, Pages 946-961

  Menon, Chloe ^a   Westervelt, Holly James ^b,c   Jahn, Danielle R ^a   Dressel, Jeffrey A ^d   O'Bryant, Sid E ^e,f  

^a TEXAS TECH UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b RHODE ISLAND HOSPITAL   (United States)

^c BROWN UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^d CSSI INC   (United States)

^e UNIVERSITY OF NORTH TEXAS HEALTH SCIENCE CENTER   (United States)

^f University of North Texas Health Science Center   (United States)

Author keywords

Cognition; Geriatrics; Norms; Olfactory functioning

Indexed keywords

ADULT; AGED; AGING; ARTICLE; CAUCASIAN; FEMALE; GERIATRIC ASSESSMENT; HISPANIC; HUMAN; LANGUAGE; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; MULTILINGUALISM; NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL TEST; ODOR; PERCEPTIVE DISCRIMINATION; PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECT; PSYCHOMETRY; RECEIVER OPERATING CHARACTERISTIC; REGRESSION ANALYSIS; SMELLING; STANDARD; STATISTICS; UNITED STATES; EPIDEMIOLOGY; PSYCHOLOGY; STANDARDS; STATISTICS AND NUMERICAL DATA;

ADULT; AGED; AGING; DISCRIMINATION (PSYCHOLOGY); EUROPEAN CONTINENTAL ANCESTRY GROUP; FEMALE; GERIATRIC ASSESSMENT; HISPANIC AMERICANS; HUMANS; LANGUAGE; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; MULTILINGUALISM; NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL TESTS; ODORS; OLFACTORY PERCEPTION; PSYCHOMETRICS; REGRESSION ANALYSIS; ROC CURVE; SMELL; TEXAS;

EID: 84882431570     PISSN: 13854046     EISSN: 17444144     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/13854046.2013.796406     Document Type: Article

References (48)

1. Albert, M. S., Jones, K., Savage, C. R., Berkman, L., Seeman, T., & Blazer, D. (1995). Predictors of cognitive change in older persons: MacArthur Studies of Successful Aging. Psychological Aging, 10, 578-589.
2. Ardila, A., & Moreno, S. (2001). Neuropsychological test performance in Arauco Indians: An exploratory study. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 7, 510-515.
3. Bhatnagar, K. P., Kennedy, R. C., Baron, G., & Greenberg, R. A. (1987). Number of mitral cells and the bulb volume in the aging human olfactory bulb: A quantitative morphological study. Anatomical Record, 218, 73-87.
4. Blake, H., McKinney, M., Treece, K., Lee, E., & Lincoln, N. (2002). An evaluation of screening measures for cognitive. Age and Ageing, 31, 451-456.
5. Bialystok, E., Craik, F. I. M., Green, D. W., & Gollan, T. H. (2010). Bilingual minds. Association for Psychological Science, 10, 89-129.
6. Bramerson, A., Johansson, L., Ek, L., Nordin, S., & Bende, M. (2004). Prevalence of olfactory dysfunction: The skovde population-based study. Laryngoscope, 114, 733-737.
7. Cosentino, S., Manly, J., & Mungas, D. (2007). Do reading tests measure the same construct in multilingual and multiethnic elders? Journal of International Neuropsychological Society, 13, 228-236.
8. Devanand, D. P., Michaels-Marston, K. S., Liu, X., Pelton, G. H., Padilla, M., Marder, K., Mayeux, R. (2000). Olfactory deficits in patients with mild cognitive impairment predict Alzheimers disease at follow up. American Journal of Psychiatry, 157, 1399-1405.
9. Double, K. L., Rowe, D. B., Hayes, M., Chan, D. K., Blackie, J., Corbett, A., . Halliday, G. M. (2003). Identifying the pattern of olfactory deficits in Parkinson disease using the Brief Smell Identification Test. Archives of Neurology, 60, 545-549.
10. Doty, R. L. (2001). The Brief Smell Identification Test Administration Manual. Philadelphia, PA: Sensonics.
11. Doty, R. L. (1986). Gender and endocrine-related influences upon olfactory sensitivity. In H. L. Meiselman & R. S. Rivlin (Eds.), Clinical measurement of taste and smell (pp. 377-413). New York, NY: MacMillan.
12. Doty, R. I., Applebaum, S., Zusho, H., & Settle, R. G. (1985). Sex differences in odor identification ability: A cross-cultural analysis. Neuropsychologia, 23, 667-672.
13. Doty, R. L., & Cameron, E. L. (2009). Sex differences and reproductive hormone influences on human odor perception. Physiology & Behavior, 97, 213-228.
14. Doty, R. L., Marcus, A., & Lee, W. W. (1996). Development of the 12-Item Cross-Cultural Smell Identification Test (CC-SIT). Laryngoscope, 106, 353-356.
15. Doty, R. L., Shaman, P., Applebaum, S., Giberson, R., Sikorski, L., & Rosenberg, L. (1984). Smell identification ability: Changes with age. Science, 226, 1441-1443.
16. Doty, R. L., Shaman, P., & Dann, M. (1984). Development of the University of Pennsylvania Smell Test: Standardized microencapsulated test for olfactory function. Physiological Behaviour, 32, 489-502.
17. Duda, J. E., Shah, U., Arnold, S. E., Lee, V. M., & Trojanowski, J. Q. (1999). The expression of alpha-, beta-, and gamma-synucleins in olfactory mucosa from patients with and without neurodegenerative diseases. Experimental Neurology, 160, 515-522.
18. Economou, A. (2003). Olfactory identification in elderly Greek people in relation to memory and attention measures. Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics, 37, 119-130.
19. Goudsmit, N., Colemanb, E., Seckingera, R. A., Wolitzkya, R., Stanforda, A. D., Corcorana, C., . Malaspina, D. (2003). A brief smell identification test discriminates between deficit and non-deficit schizophrenia: Olfactory tests in the diagnosis of essential tremor. Parkinsonism & Related Disorders Psychiatry Research, 120, 155-164.
20. Graves, A., Bowen, J. D., Rajaram, L. L., McCormick, W. C., McCurry, S. M., Schellenberg, G. D., & Larson, E. B. (1999). Impaired olfaction as a marker for cognitive decline: Interaction with apolipoprotein E -4 status. Neurology, 53, 1480-1487.
21. Greenfield, P. M. (1997). You can't take it with you. Why ability assessments don't cross cultures. American Psychologist, 52, 1115-1124.
22. Hawkes, C. H., & Doty, R. L. (2009). The neurology of olfaction. Cambridge, MA: Cambridge University Press.
23. Hawkins, K. A., & Pearlson, G. D. (2011). Age and gender but not common chronic illnesses predict odor identification in older African Americans. American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 19, 777-782.
24. Kalmey, J. K., Thewissen, J. G., & Dluzen, D. E. (1998). Age-related size reduction of foramina in the cribriform plate. Anatomical Record, 251, 326-329.
25. Kjelvik, G., Sando, S. B., Aasly, J., Engedal, K. A., & White, L. R. (2007). Use of the Brief Smell Identification Test for olfactory deficit in a Norwegian population with Alzheimer's disease. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 22, 1020-1024.
26. Lange, R., Donathan, C. L., & Hughes, L. F. (2002). Assessing olfactory abilities with the University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test: A Rasch scaling approach. Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, 4, 77-91. Retrieved from http://www.j-alz.com
27. Larsson, M., Lovden, M., & Nilsson, L. G. Sex differences in recollective experience for olfactory and verbal information. Acta Psychologica, 112, 89-103.
28. Manly, J. J., Jacobs, D. M., Touradji, P., Small, S. A., & Stern, Y. (2002). Reading level attenuates differences in neuropsychological test performance between African American and White elders. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 8, 341-348.
29. Martzke, J. S., Kopala, L. C., & Good, K. P. (1997). Olfactory dysfunction in neuropsychiatric disorders: Review and methodological considerations. Biological Psychiatry, 42, 721-732.
30. Minor, K. L., Wright, B. D., & Park, S. (2004). The Smell Identification Test as a measure of olfactory identification ability in schizophrenia and healthy populations: A Rasch psychometric study. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 113, 207-216. doi: 10.1037/0021-843X.113.2.207
31. Murphy, C., Jernigan, T. L., & Fennema-Notestine, C. (2003). Left hippocampal volume loss in Alzheimer's disease is reflected in performance on odor identification: A structural MRI study. Journal of International Neuropsychological Society, 9, 459-471.
32. O'Bryant, S. E., Schrimsher, G. W., Johnson, L. A., & Zhang, Y. (2011). The impact of sociodemographic factors on neuropsychological test performance in a rural sample: A Project FRONTIER study. Journal of Rural Community Psychology, E14(1).
33. R Development Core Team. (2006). R: A language and environment for statistical computing. Vienna, Austria: R Foundation for Statistical Computing.
34. Rizopoulos, D. (2006). ltm: An R package for latent variable modelling and item response theory analyses. Journal of Statistical Software, 17, 1-25. Retrieved from http://www.jstatsoft. org/v17/i05/
35. Rodriguez-Violante, M., Lees, A. J., Cervantes-Arriaga, A., Corona, T., & Silveira-Moriyama, L. (2011). Use of smell test identification in Parkinson's disease in Mexico: A matched case-control study. Movement Disorders, 26, 173-176.
36. Rogoff, B., & Chavajay, P. (1995). What's become of the research on the cultural bias of cognitive development? American Psychologist, 50, 859-877.
37. Rosselli, M., & Ardila, A. (2003). The impact of culture and education on non-verbal neuropsychological measurements: A critical review. Brain and Cognition, 52, 326-333.
38. Silveira-Moriyama, L., Azevedo, A. S., Ranvaud, R., Barbosa, E. R., Doty, R. L., & Lees, A. J. (2010). Applying a new version of the Brazilian-Portuguese UPSIT smell test in Brazil. Arquivos De Neuro-Psiquiatria, 68, 700-705.
39. Strauss, E., Sherman, E. M. S., & Spreen, O. (2006). A Compendium of Neuropsychological Tests: Administration, norms, and commentary (3rd ed.). Oxford, England: Oxford University Press.
40. Suzuki, Y., Yamamoto, S., Umegaki, H., Onishi, J., Mogi, N., Fujishiro, H., & Iguchi, A. (2004). Smell identification test as an indicator for cognitive impairment in Alzheimer's disease. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 19, 727-733.
41. Thissen, D., & Steinberg, L. (2009). Item response theory. In R. E. Millsap & A. Maydeu-Olivares (Eds.), The SAGE handbook of quantitative methods in psychology (pp. 148-177). Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE.
42. Van de Vijver, F., & Tanzer, N. (1997). Bias and equivalence in cross-cultural assessment: An overview. European Review of Applied Psychology, 47, 263-279.
43. Wang, Q. S., Tain, L., Huang, Y. L., Qin, S., He, L. Q., & Zhou, J. N. (2002). Olfactory identification and apolipoprotein E epsilon 4 allele in mild cognitive impairment. Brain Research, 951, 77-81.
44. Westervelt, H., Stern, R. A., & Tremont, G. (2003). Odor identification deficits in diffuse Lewy body disease. Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology, 16, 93-99.
45. Wilson, R. C., Arnold, S. E., Tang, Y., & Bennett, D. A. (2006). Odor identification and decline in different cognitive domains in old age. Neuroepidemiology, 26, 61-67.
46. Wilson, R. S., Arnold, S. E., Schneider, J. A., Tang, Y., & Bennett, D. A. (2007a). The relationship between cerebral Alzheimer's disease pathology and odour identification in old age. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry, 78, 30-35.
47. Wilson, R. S., Schneider, J. A., Arnold, S. E., Tang, Y., Boyle, P. A., & Bennett, D. A. (2007b). Olfactory identification and incidence of mild cognitive impairment in older age. Archives of General Psychiatry, 64, 802-808.
48. Yuan, B-C., Lee, P-L., Lee, Y-L., Lin, S-H., & Shu, C-H. (2010). Investigation of the Sniffin' Sticks Olfactory Test in Taiwan and Comparison With Different Continents. Journal of Chinese Medical Association, 73, 483-486.