Is clinical cognition binary or continuous

Academic Medicine

Volumn 88, Issue 8, 2013, Pages 1058-1060

  Norman, Geoffrey ^a   Monteiro, Sandra ^a   Sherbino, Jonathan ^a  

^a MCMASTER UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84882415728     PISSN: 10402446     EISSN: 1938808X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/ACM.0b013e31829a3c32     Document Type: Review

References (17)

1. Custers EJFM. Medical education and cognitive continuum theory: An alternative perspective on medical problem solving and clinical reasoning. Acad Med. 2013;88:1074-1080.
2. Croskerry P. The importance of cognitive errors in diagnosis and strategies to minimize them. Acad Med. 2003;78:775-780.
3. Hammond KR. Human Judgment and Social Policy: Irreducible Uncertainty, Inevitable Error, Unavoidable Injustice. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press; 1996.
4. Croskerry P. A universal model of diagnostic reasoning. Acad Med. 2009;84:1022-1028.
5. Norman G. Dual processing and diagnostic errors. Adv Health Sci Educ Theory Pract. 2009;14(suppl 1):37-49.
6. Kahneman D. Thinking, Fast and Slow. London, UK: Allen Lane/Penguin Books Ltd; 2011:19-30.
7. Baddeley AD, Hitch G. Working memory. In: Bower GH, ed. The Psychology of Learning and Motivation: Advances in Research and Theory. Vol 8. New York, NY: Academic Press; 1974:47-89.
8. Eva KW, Regehr G. Exploring the divergence between self-assessment and self-monitoring. Adv Health Sci Educ Theory Pract. 2011;16:311-329.
9. Hatala R, Norman GR, Brooks LR. Impact of a clinical scenario on accuracy of electrocardiogram interpretation. J Gen Intern Med. 1999;14:126-129.
10. Mamede S, Schmidt HG, Rikers RM, Custers EJ, Splinter TA, van Saase JL. Conscious thought beats deliberation without attention in diagnostic decision-making: At least when you are an expert. Psychol Res. 2010;74: 586-592.
11. Mamede S, van Gog T, van den Berge K, et al. Effect of availability bias and reflective reasoning on diagnostic accuracy among internal medicine residents. JAMA. 2010;304:1198-1203.
12. Lieberman MD, Jarcho JM, Satpute AB. Evidence-based and intuition-based selfknowledge: An FMRI study. J Pers Soc Psychol. 2004;87:421-435.
13. Bos MW, Dijksterhuis A, van Baaren R. Food for thought Trust your unconscious when energy is low. J Neurosci Psychol Econ. 2012;5:124-130.
14. Jacoby LL. A process dissociation framework: Separating automatic from intentional uses of memory. J Mem Lang. 1991;30: 513-541.
15. Ambady N. The perils of pondering: Intuition and thin slice judgments. Psychol Inq. 2010;21:271-278.
16. Ark TK, Brooks LR, Eva KW. Giving learners the best of both worlds: Do clinical teachers need to guard against teaching pattern recognition to novices Acad Med. 2006;81:405-409.
17. Moulton CA, Regehr G, Mylopoulos M, MacRae HM. Slowing down when you should: A new model of expert judgment. Acad Med. 2007;82(10 suppl):S109-S116.